CN108243376A - Acoustic apparatus is especially suitable for the acoustic apparatus applied in automobile industry - Google Patents

Acoustic apparatus is especially suitable for the acoustic apparatus applied in automobile industry Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108243376A
CN108243376A CN201711433311.7A CN201711433311A CN108243376A CN 108243376 A CN108243376 A CN 108243376A CN 201711433311 A CN201711433311 A CN 201711433311A CN 108243376 A CN108243376 A CN 108243376A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
acoustic
conduit
acoustic conduit
grid
support element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201711433311.7A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
M·德切萨雷
A·巴布托尔
N·托尔科利尼
F·蒙蒂
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Marelli Europe SpA
Original Assignee
Magneti Marelli SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Magneti Marelli SpA filed Critical Magneti Marelli SpA
Publication of CN108243376A publication Critical patent/CN108243376A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/08Mouthpieces; Microphones; Attachments therefor
    • H04R1/083Special constructions of mouthpieces
    • H04R1/086Protective screens, e.g. all weather or wind screens
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06Loudspeakers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02Details
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/30Combinations of transducers with horns, e.g. with mechanical matching means, i.e. front-loaded horns
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2400/00Loudspeakers
    • H04R2400/11Aspects regarding the frame of loudspeaker transducers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2499/00Aspects covered by H04R or H04S not otherwise provided for in their subgroups
    • H04R2499/10General applications
    • H04R2499/13Acoustic transducers and sound field adaptation in vehicles

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Electrostatic, Electromagnetic, Magneto- Strictive, And Variable-Resistance Transducers (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of acoustic apparatus 1 suitable for being applied in automobile industry is equipped with:Microphone apparatus 3 is connected to support element 2 and with sensitizing range 5;Acoustic conduit 10 is designed to be transmitted towards the sensitizing range 5 by the acoustic pressure wave that outside sound source generates;The membranoid substance 15 being placed between microphone apparatus 3 and the cylindrical part 12 of acoustic conduit 10;Grid 20 is made of metal material and is arranged along acoustic conduit 10, so that membranoid substance 15 is protected to collide from the possibility object with that may enter acoustic conduit 10, and so as to the energy for the pressurized fluid jets being incident on device 1 that dissipate.

Description

Acoustic apparatus is especially suitable for the acoustic apparatus applied in automobile industry
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of acoustic apparatus, are especially suitable for the acoustic apparatus applied in automobile industry.
Background technology
The use of acoustic apparatus is known in automobile industry, acoustic apparatus includes:Support element;Microphone apparatus connects It is connected to support element and with sensitizing range;Acoustic conduit, obtained in the housing being connect with support element and be designed to by It is transmitted by the acoustic pressure wave that outside sound source generates towards the sensitizing range of microphone apparatus.Acoustic apparatus, which further includes, is placed in microphone dress The membranoid substance between acoustic conduit is put, it is outside influences sensitizing range to be protected to exempt from.
The electric device and acoustic apparatus used in automobile industry must satisfy dependent on its position (such as in cockpit Or in enging cabin) standard that is applied by vehicular manufacturer.For example, the device being contained in enging cabin must satisfy about The so-called standard for entering degree of protection (ingress protection degree) (IP grades).It particularly, should suitable for these Value into degree of protection must be at least equal to 6K7;In other words, which allows for preventing (to mean first item " 6K ") exterior object or dust entrance, while the device allows for tolerance (meaning Section 2 " 7 ") in the liquid of one meter of depth It is impregnated 30 minutes in body.The device being contained in enging cabin must also meet by vehicular manufacturer applied about so-called The specific standard into degree of protection for pressurized fluidic.Particularly, enter degree of protection suitable for the specific of pressurized fluidic Value must be at least equal to IP6K9K;In the operating process cleaned by equipment, the water/sky being incident on device is generally reached The raised pressure value of gas jet stream, this can generate pressure (hydraulic) water/air jet more than 5 bars (bar).
It has been found that the device tolerance of known type be incident on device from 0.1 bar to 1 bar between water/air The pressure value of jet stream.
Invention content
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a kind of acoustic apparatus, it is especially suitable for the acoustics applied in automobile industry Device does not have the shortcomings that prior art.
According to the present invention, a kind of acoustic apparatus is provided, is especially suitable for the acoustic apparatus applied in automobile industry, is wrapped It includes:
Support element;
Microphone apparatus is connected to support element and with sensitizing range;
Acoustic conduit is designed to be transmitted towards sensitizing range by the acoustic pressure wave that outside sound source generates;Wherein, acoustics is led Pipe has funnel shaped part, and the acoustic pressure wave from outside sound source is transmitted simultaneously towards the cylindrical part connected with sensitizing range Amplification;
The membranoid substance being placed between microphone apparatus and the cylindrical part of acoustic conduit, to protect sensitizing range from outer The influence of portion's factor;And
Grid is made of metal material and is arranged along acoustic conduit, so as to protect membranoid substance from may Possibility object into acoustic conduit collides, and so as to the energy that is incident on the pressurized fluid jets on device of dissipating.
Description of the drawings
The present invention is described referring now to the attached drawing for showing non-limiting example, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the solid and sectional view of the first embodiment of acoustic apparatus made according to the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of acoustic apparatus shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of the second embodiment of acoustic apparatus shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 shows a variety of possible modifications of the details of acoustic apparatus shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 shows the sectional view of two kinds of possible modifications of details shown in Fig. 4;With
Specific embodiment
In Fig. 1, number 1 is indicated generally at integrating device 1, and including support element 2, support element 2 supports what is be made of main body 4 Microphone apparatus 3, the main body 4 typically exhibit the form of parallelepiped, are equipped with the first interarea 6, the second interarea 7 and side table Face 8.Main body 4 is usually made of the structure sheaf of the semi-conducting material of such as silicon, and conductive layer/insulating layer (not shown) can be on it Extension.Microphone apparatus 3 is attached to and limits the 6 corresponding support element 2 of interarea of upper surface, and be provided with sensitizing range 5. Sensitizing range 5 can be formed in inside or above the interarea 6 of main body 4.For example, sensitizing range 5 can be by burying at bottom Become owner of the membranoid substance or suspension membranoid substance or be included in the one or more that 6 top of interarea extends that internal cavity defines Layer.
Support element 2 is shaped as the parallelepiped for having more large area or base portion relative to plate 3.
In addition, the device includes the housing 9 for being attached at 2 top of support element.In other words, support element 2 is placed in housing 9 and Mike Between wind apparatus 3.According to preferred modification, housing 9 is made of metal material.In inside, housing 9 is defined equipped with axis of symmetry X Acoustic conduit 10.Particularly, acoustic conduit 10 towards the upper funnel shape part 11 of sound source and low portion 12 by limiting.On Portion part 11 is coaxial with axis of symmetry X and by being limited, and lower part portion towards the tapered frusta-conical surface 13 of low portion 12 Points 12 also coaxial with axis of symmetry X and limited by cylindrical surface 14.According to another modification, housing 9 is partly by being used to print The standard material plastic material of such as resin (be typically) made of block letter limit.According to preferred modification, acoustic conduit 10 are made of metal material.According to another modification, acoustic conduit 10 is made of plastic material.
Upper funnel shape part 11 is designed to that the acoustic pressure wave from outside sound source is transmitted and amplified towards low portion 12. The diameter of cylindrical surface 14 and the angle formed between frusta-conical surface 13 and cylindrical surface 14 be defined such that with The increase of frequency, sound wave is progressively amplified, without cause in the typical frequencies section of sound field (such as 50Hz-10kHz it Between) distortion.
Device 1 further includes the membranoid substance 15 being placed between support element 2 and the low portion 12 of acoustic conduit 10.Membranoid substance 15 It is relatively thin and suitable for protection sensitizing range 5 and its oil-tight, water and dust.Membranoid substance 15 is made of plastic material.
Finally, barrier layer 16 corresponds to the contact area extension between housing 9 and support element 2, and electric connection line is (not Show) microphone apparatus 3 is connected to support element 2.
Microphone apparatus 3 is connected by passing through through-hole 17 and external connection made of support element 2, and with acoustic conduit 10. In an illustrated embodiment, through-hole 17 is vertically be overlapped with sensitizing range 5, therefore vertically be overlapped with acoustic conduit 10, still It can be deviated on one side or with any suitable construction and location arrangements.
Support element 2 can be any known type.According to preferred modification, support element 2 can be by by organic material Manufactured printed circuit board (PCB) such as LGA (" grid array (Land Grid Array) ") types or BGA (" ball bars Array (ball grid array) ") type another multilayer RF magnetron sputtering (such as BT layers-Bismaleimide Triazine (Bismaleimide Triazine) layer) it forms.Alternatively, support element 2 again can be by semi-conducting material (being usually silicon) system Into support plate form.
Barrier layer 16 can be made of the polymer material with low viscosity or conductive material (being usually metal material).Resistance Barrier 16 is relatively thin, such as it can have the thickness from 20 μm to 50 μm.
According to preferred embodiment, device 1 further includes the heating element 18 being arranged near acoustic conduit 10.According to preferred Modification, heating element 18 is arranged near the connecting portion between the upper part 11 of acoustic conduit 10 and low portion 12. Heating element 18 is driven to heating surface 13 and surface 14 so that times of particle or oil on such surface 13,14 What deposit evaporation is without damaging transmission of the sound wave to sensitizing range 5.
Finally, device 1 includes dissipation tool 19, and dissipation tool 19 is designed to protect membranoid substance 15 from that may enter The collision of the possibility object of acoustic conduit 10, and be designed to dissipate and be incident on the energy of pressure (hydraulic) water/air jet on device 1 Amount.Particularly, dissipation tool 19 includes the perforated metal grid 20 arranged along acoustic conduit 10.According to fig. 3 shown first Modification, grid 20 are correspondingly arranged with one end towards sound source of upper part 11.Circular flat shape is presented in grid 20 And be fully engaged acoustic conduit 10 enters opening 10* towards sound source.The second shown modification according to fig. 2,20 cloth of grid It is placed near the connecting portion between the upper part 11 of acoustic conduit 10 and low portion 12.Circular plane is presented in grid 20 Shape and it is fully engaged low portion 12.
It is important to emphasize that heating element 18 is also designed to heater grid 20 so that particle on grid 20 or oil it is any Deposit evaporation is without damaging transmission of the sound wave to sensitizing range 5.
Diagram in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, grid 20 are provided with multiple holes 21, the frequency based on the sound wave to be analyzed Variable size, shape and arrangement is presented.Advantageously, based on generation pressure wave and to the outside of 1 supply pressure wave of acoustic apparatus The frequency for the sound wave to be analyzed is determined during the experiment test stage of sound source (and its from 1 distance of acoustic apparatus) (simultaneously And it is thus determined that the size and arrangement in hole 21).In addition, the size in hole 21, shape and arrangement are beneficially based on to being incident on acoustics It the resistance of pressure (hydraulic) water/air jet on device 1 and is determined based on grid 20 into original.
Different geometries is possible, such as:
The coaxial single through-hole 21 (Fig. 4 e and Fig. 4 g) with variable size with axis of symmetry X;
There are uneven size (variable) and the multiple holes being distributed along three even circumferentials coaxial with axis of symmetry X 21 (Fig. 4 a);
Along the equally distributed multiple holes 21 (Fig. 4 b) with uneven size (variable) of entire grid 20;
Along the equally distributed multiple holes 21 with uniform-dimension of entire grid 20;
Along multiple holes with uneven size (variable) of three of grid 20 evenly spaced diameter distributions, In the hole 20 with larger width replace with the hole with smaller width, alternatively hole is at centre or the edge along grid 20 It is formed (Fig. 4 f, Fig. 4 h);And
Along multiple holes 21 with uneven size (variable) of three of grid 20 evenly spaced diameter distributions, Wherein the hole 20 with larger width alternately forms (Fig. 4 f, Fig. 4 h) in centre or along the edge of grid 20;With
Along multiple holes 21 (Fig. 4 d) with uniform-dimension of three evenly spaced diameter distributions of grid 20.
The geometry for being clear that a variety of other holes 21 is possible.
In addition, the first embodiment according to Fig. 5 a, hole 21 is provided with axis that is parallel to each other and being parallel to axis of symmetry X Line 22.According to the second embodiment shown in Fig. 5 b, hole 21 is provided with parallel to each other and relative to the inclined axis of axis of symmetry X 22'.According to third embodiment, one group of hole 21 is provided with parallel to each other and relative to the inclined axis 22 of axis of symmetry X, and remaining One group of hole 21 it is parallel to each other and be parallel to axis of symmetry X.
According to unshowned modification, microphone apparatus 3 is attached to the 7 corresponding support element 2 of interarea with limiting lower surface It is placed between housing 9 and support element 2.In this case, microphone apparatus 3 is directly facing acoustic conduit 10, and is not required to Through-hole 17 is formed across support element 2.
Several advantages are presented in above device.First, it is simple to manufacture and cheaply, and grid 20 and membranoid substance 15 allow effectively Ground meet about for pressurized fluidic into degree of protection and the specific strict standard applied into degree of protection.

Claims (14)

1. a kind of acoustic apparatus (1) is especially suitable for the acoustic apparatus (1) applied in automobile industry, acoustic apparatus (1) packet It includes:
Support element (2);
Microphone apparatus (3), the microphone apparatus (3) are connected to support element (2) and with sensitizing range (5);
Acoustic conduit (10), the acoustic conduit (10) are designed to the acoustic pressure wave direction sensitizing range (5) that will be generated by outside sound source Transmission;Wherein, acoustic conduit (10) has funnel shaped part (11), acoustic pressure wave direction that will be from outside sound source and sensitizing range The cylindrical part (12) of domain (5) connection is transmitted and is amplified;
Membranoid substance (15), the membranoid substance (15) are placed in the cylindrical part (12) of microphone apparatus (3) and acoustic conduit (10) Between, it is outside influences sensitizing range (5) to be protected to exempt from;
It is characterized in that:The acoustic apparatus includes grid (20), and the grid (20) is made of metal material and along sound It learns conduit (10) to arrange, so that membranoid substance (15) is protected to touch from the possibility object with acoustic conduit (10) may be entered It hits, and so as to the energy for the pressurized fluid jets being incident on device (1) that dissipate.
2. the apparatus according to claim 1, including being arranged in the heating unit (18) of acoustic conduit (10) nearby, with Just the surface (13,14) of heater grid (20) and acoustic conduit (10).
3. the apparatus according to claim 1, wherein grid (20) with acoustic conduit (10) cylindrical part (12) and Connecting portion between funnel shaped part (11) is correspondingly arranged.
4. the apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the one of the facing external sound source of grid (20) and funnel-like part (11) End is correspondingly arranged.
5. the apparatus according to claim 1, wherein forming multiple holes (21) more than or equal to one in grid (20).
6. device according to claim 5, wherein acoustic conduit (10) have the axis of symmetry (X), and hole (21) are set Have parallel to each other and relative to symmetry axis (X) inclined respective axis (22').
7. device according to claim 5, wherein acoustic conduit (10) have symmetry axis (X), and hole (21) are provided with Respective axis (22) that is parallel to each other and being parallel to the axis of symmetry (X).
8. device according to claim 5, mesoporous (21) has certain width and arrangement, and the width and arrangement can Changed based on the frequency for the sound wave to be analyzed generated by sound source, which is supplied to acoustic apparatus (1).
9. the apparatus according to claim 1, wherein support element (2) is placed between membranoid substance (15) and microphone apparatus (3); And wherein microphone apparatus (3) is connected to outside by passing through through-hole (17) made of support element (2), with acoustic conduit (10) it connects.
10. the apparatus according to claim 1, wherein microphone apparatus (3) be placed in membranoid substance (15) and support element (2) it Between.
11. the apparatus according to claim 1, wherein acoustic conduit (10) is made of metal material.
12. the apparatus according to claim 1, wherein acoustic conduit (10) is made of plastic material.
13. the apparatus according to claim 1, wherein acoustic conduit (10) is in the housing (9) being made of metal material.
14. the apparatus according to claim 1, wherein acoustic conduit (10) is in the housing (9) made of plastic material.
CN201711433311.7A 2016-12-27 2017-12-26 Acoustic apparatus is especially suitable for the acoustic apparatus applied in automobile industry Pending CN108243376A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT102016000131329 2016-12-27
IT102016000131329A IT201600131329A1 (en) 2016-12-27 2016-12-27 ACOUSTIC DEVICE, IN PARTICULAR FOR AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN108243376A true CN108243376A (en) 2018-07-03

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CN201711433311.7A Pending CN108243376A (en) 2016-12-27 2017-12-26 Acoustic apparatus is especially suitable for the acoustic apparatus applied in automobile industry

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP3343945B1 (en)
CN (1) CN108243376A (en)
IT (1) IT201600131329A1 (en)

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EP3742751A1 (en) * 2019-05-24 2020-11-25 Axis AB A weather resistant microphone assembly, and camera arrangement comprising such assembly
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Publication number Publication date
IT201600131329A1 (en) 2018-06-27
EP3343945B1 (en) 2021-04-07
EP3343945A1 (en) 2018-07-04

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Application publication date: 20180703