CN108241771A - Secondary device modeling method based on electromagnetic transient simulation platform - Google Patents
Secondary device modeling method based on electromagnetic transient simulation platform Download PDFInfo
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- CN108241771A CN108241771A CN201711025002.6A CN201711025002A CN108241771A CN 108241771 A CN108241771 A CN 108241771A CN 201711025002 A CN201711025002 A CN 201711025002A CN 108241771 A CN108241771 A CN 108241771A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/30—Circuit design
- G06F30/39—Circuit design at the physical level
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B9/00—Simulators for teaching or training purposes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of secondary device modeling method based on electromagnetic transient simulation platform; on the basis of now mature power grid primary equipment electromagnetic transient simulation (DDRTS analogue systems) technology; the digital model of various relay protection devices in power grid is established using graphical simulation support platform system; by protection definite value merging digital relay protection device models at different levels in power grid; by carrying out various electromagnetic transient emulation to power grid; the action situation of each relay protection device is observed, so as to examine the correctness of relay protection constant value at different levels in power grid.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of power more particularly to a kind of secondary device based on electromagnetic transient simulation platform to build
Mould method.
Background technology
Existing analogue system has following deficiency：
The trend that secondary device constantly upgrades is not adapted to
The protective device that analogue system room is configured at present and actual motion substation secondary device are basically identical, still, with
The technology innovation of protective device, the device of Classroom will appear difference, and difference certainly with the device of actual motion substation
It is possible that gradually expand.Secondary device purchases that infusion of financial resources amount is larger, and equipment renewal speed just needs fund endlessly soon
Input, larger puzzlement is brought to analogue system room upgrading.
Do not adapt to the actual demand that training range gradually extends
Current simulation practice laboratory has only built the simulation training system of 220kV, also to establish 500kV and 110kV from now on
The training scale of voltage class is to meet the real training of Jiangsu Province power grid unit technical staff at different levels, and analogue system room place has at present
Limit, transformer station secondary system equipment accesses scale by larger limitation, even if popularization, the secondary device of Training Room is not yet
It may unlimitedly access, lead to the production training requirement of reorganization and expansion cannot meet.
The development trend of following secondary device systematization is not adapted to
According to the design of New Generation of Intelligent substation and construction theory, site, domain of standing, system will be presented in secondary device
The trend of change.The originally concept of single device, will gradually be replaced by " systematization ", and the secondary device between whole station is even stood passes through
Optical fiber connects the structure to form networking, these development trends all propose new requirement to the development of Classroom next step.Example
It such as, in next step at the scene will be towards the side of " replaceable " maintenance currently for the regular inspection of single set equipment, maintenance and debugging efforts
To development, and similar " domain protective device of standing " is such across interval, systematization equipment, will acquire more than ten or even tens simultaneously
The analog quantity at a interval and switching value information, this requires training from now on by emphasis from single set equipment to systematization turn
Become, have to the operation conditions of whole station or even whole region power grid and more fully recognize, to the various exceptions and failure of whole system
Phenomenon has stronger analysis and adaptibility to response.
Invention content
For the situation present on, with reference to actual production skills training demand, the present invention provides a kind of based on power train
The secondary device number physical mixed modeling method of system electro-magnetic transient real-time simulation platform, passes through the systematization to a power grid
The modeling and virtualization of electrical secondary system, the hybrid modeling of digitlization and real equipment, are finally reached following purpose：
Realize transformer station secondary system digital modeling, protection that can be according to situ configuration and its principle of compositionality, easily and fast
Realization its digital model foundation, reach and the hair of protection technique coped with the constant of secondary device digital modeling tool
Exhibition and the variation of field device configuration.
It realizes the digitlization of analogue system room secondary physical equipment, and reaches mutually melting mutually for digital model and physical equipment
It is logical.With reference to the customization model of primary system, be combined debugging, the power grid of New Generation of Intelligent in future station electrical secondary system are primary, two
Fault identification, analysis and the processing of subsystem provide more powerful technological means.
Training pattern and management means are innovated, empty (digitlization) real (physical equipment) combines, realize substation simulation process
The hybrid simulation of middle secondary physical equipment and secondary mathematical model greatly reduces current real training under the premise of teaching result is ensured
The limitation in place.Reduce analogue system room later stage fund input.
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a kind of secondary device modeling method based on electromagnetic transient simulation platform,
It includes the following steps：
Electric power networks are divided into N number of sub-network, wherein, N is the natural number more than 1, and according to network segmentation object letter
Number carries out the optimization of each sub-network, and the network segmentation object function is：
S=a1 2+a2 2+a3 2+as 2,
Wherein S be object function, a1、a2、a3For the number of nodes in the sub-network, asBetween the sub-network
Connecting line quantity；
Different simulation step lengths is set respectively, and the simulation step length of the electric power networks is set for each sub-network
The common divisor of simulation step length for each sub-network；
It is emulated, is established per height using EMTP methods using the sub-network and the simulation step length of the electric power networks
The model of different force devices in network is simultaneously deposited into database；
According to the model foundation primary system operating status model of the force device, and output voltage and electricity is calculated
It flows and is deposited into database；
Secondary device is classified according to the operation principle of secondary device and carries out simulation modeling respectively, while this secondary is set
It is standby to be inserted into the sub-network, and the electric values of the secondary device are obtained according to the output voltage and Current calculation
And it is deposited into database；
Data acquisition module obtains the electric values of secondary device from database, and by the electric values with prestoring
Electrical quantity threshold value be compared, when the electric values exceed the pre-stored electrical quantity threshold value when judge starting protection
Operation, and protection adjusted value is calculated, logic judgment module is sent out according to the protection adjusted value to the model of the force device
Go out adjustment order, that is, complete fault simulation.
Preferably, in the secondary device modeling method based on electromagnetic transient simulation platform, the force device
For generator, exciter and excitation regulation device, governor, motor, transformer, load, breaker, power transmission line, reactance
Device and string complement part.
Preferably, in the secondary device modeling method based on electromagnetic transient simulation platform,
The model of the force device is built using electromagnetic transient simulation system；
After the electromagnetic transient simulation system obtains the data of each step-length and a step-length has been calculated, data are deposited
Enter in database, the order for reading data is then sent to data acquisition module, and itself enters wait state；
Data acquisition module obtains data after receiving the order for reading data from database and carries out operation, and handle
In operation result deposit database, the order for calculating next step-length is then sent to the electromagnetic transient simulation system, and certainly
Body enters wait state；
The electromagnetic transient simulation system receives the order for calculating next step-length, carries out the calculating of the step-length.
Preferably, it in the secondary device modeling method based on electromagnetic transient simulation platform, further includes：
The modification order of user is received, performs the behaviour of the modification to the parameter of each force device and the secondary device
Make.
Part is illustrated to embody by further advantage, target and the feature of the present invention by following, and part will also be by this
The research and practice of invention and be understood by the person skilled in the art.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 provides connecing for the primary system in the secondary device modeling method based on electromagnetic transient simulation platform for the present invention
Line chart；
Fig. 2 provides the main interface figure in the secondary device modeling method based on electromagnetic transient simulation platform for the present invention；
Fig. 3 provides the synchronous generator ginseng in the secondary device modeling method based on electromagnetic transient simulation platform for the present invention
Number setting interface；
Fig. 4 provides the electricity of the secondary device in the secondary device modeling method based on electromagnetic transient simulation platform for the present invention
Transformer device parameter setting interface；
Fig. 5 provides the electricity of the secondary device in the secondary device modeling method based on electromagnetic transient simulation platform for the present invention
Current transformer parameter setting interface；
Fig. 6 provides the electricity of the secondary device in the secondary device modeling method based on electromagnetic transient simulation platform for the present invention
Press transformer parameter setting interface；
Fig. 7 provides the circuit breaker parameters in the secondary device modeling method based on electromagnetic transient simulation platform for the present invention and sets
Put interface；
Fig. 8 provides the line parameter circuit value setting in the secondary device modeling method based on electromagnetic transient simulation platform for the present invention
Interface；
Fig. 9 provides the electricity of the secondary device in the secondary device modeling method based on electromagnetic transient simulation platform for the present invention
Pressure passageway signal configuration interface；
Figure 10 provides the secondary device in the secondary device modeling method based on electromagnetic transient simulation platform for the present invention
Current channel signal configuration interface；
Figure 11 provides the secondary device in the secondary device modeling method based on electromagnetic transient simulation platform for the present invention
Failure sets interface；
Figure 12 provides the secondary device event in the secondary device modeling method based on electromagnetic transient simulation platform for the present invention
Hinder position interface；
Figure 13 is provided for the present invention in the secondary device in the secondary device modeling method based on electromagnetic transient simulation platform
Fault message sets interface；
The real-time closed-loop that Figure 14 is provided for the present invention in the secondary device modeling method based on electromagnetic transient simulation platform is surveyed
Rehearsal Bo Tu-single-phase fault successful reclosing figure；
The real-time closed-loop that Figure 15 is provided for the present invention in the secondary device modeling method based on electromagnetic transient simulation platform is surveyed
Rehearsal Bo Tu-single-phase fault unsuccessful reclosing figure；
The real-time closed-loop that Figure 16 is provided for the present invention in the secondary device modeling method based on electromagnetic transient simulation platform is surveyed
Rehearsal Bo Tu-evolved fault figure；
Figure 17 provides the secondary device in the secondary device modeling method based on electromagnetic transient simulation platform for the present invention
Modeling principle figure；
Figure 18 provides the data acquisition module in the secondary device modeling method based on electromagnetic transient simulation platform for the present invention
The schematic diagram of block；
Figure 19 provides the protection operation work in the secondary device modeling method based on electromagnetic transient simulation platform for the present invention
Make schematic diagram；
Figure 20 provides the logic judgment mould in the secondary device modeling method based on electromagnetic transient simulation platform for the present invention
The structure diagram of block；
The pressing plate throwing that Figure 21 is provided for the present invention in the secondary device modeling method based on electromagnetic transient simulation platform, which is moved back, to be shown
It is intended to；
Figure 22 provides the power frequency variation in the secondary device modeling method based on electromagnetic transient simulation platform for the present invention
Relay protective scheme figure；
The current differential that Figure 23 is provided for the present invention in the secondary device modeling method based on electromagnetic transient simulation platform is protected
Protect logic chart.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below, to enable those skilled in the art being capable of evidence with reference to specification word
To implement.
It should be appreciated that such as " having ", "comprising" and " comprising " term used herein do not allot one or more
The presence or addition of a other element or combinations.
Power grid is the unified system connected by numerous elements in itself, and the requirement to relay protection device in power grid is not only
It is limited only to that logic function is correct, reliable in action, it is often more important that emphasize the action behavior of the relay protection device of power grids at different levels
Must strictly it coordinate, when primary equipment breaks down, protective device, which must accomplish that this is moved, to be moved, it is impossible to malfunction.Relay protection
The direct basis that can definite value correctly act as protection equipment, the cooperation of protective relaying device action behaviors at different levels is actually
Exactly protect the cooperation of definite value.It must take into account protection definite values at different levels if being verified to the correctness for protecting definite value
Coordinate step by step, contact the verification that power grids at different levels carry out definite value system.
It is existing due to the instantaneity of electric power system fault, sudden, destructive and failure process irreversibility
Technological means still cannot the inspections of protecting definite values carry out systems at different levels to power grid.The present invention is once set in now mature power grid
On the basis of standby electromagnetic transient simulation (DDRTS analogue systems) technology, power grid is established using graphical simulation support platform system
In various relay protection devices digital model, by power grid it is at different levels protection definite values merging digital relay protection equipment moulds
Type by carrying out various electromagnetic transient emulation to power grid, observes the action situation of each relay protection device, so as to examine
The correctness of relay protection constant value at different levels in power grid.
The digital relay protection device model that the present invention establishes uses the various protection algorisms of true protective device completely
Structure, sampling, filtering, Fourier transform including Current Voltage instantaneous value signal, various electrical components calculate, and circuit is indulged
Poor protection, distance protection, zero-sequenceprotection, three_phase reclosing and bus differential protecting etc..
Power grid primary system is built using DDRTS systems in the present system, and uses electro-magnetic transient algorithm, and electrical secondary system
I.e. for protective device then using the structure operation of graphical simulation support platform system, two systems realize that data are handed over by real-time data base
It changes and mutually instructs control.
The result data of each step-length of EM transient calculation of DDRTS systems is sent into real-time data base, protective device
Data are then obtained from real-time data base by sampling element, in case of acting, then give DDRTS systems by command mode
Sending action information.
The protection of a switch is established on same map sheet in emulation support platform system, in this way in primary system
Switch is clicked on figure, when checking its relaying configuration, emulation support platform system will be given to send map sheet and recall order, in emulation branch
It will show that the switch matches protection information automatically on support plateform system.
Digital dynamic Electromagnetic Simulation experiment porch (DDRTS) is complete based on the open architecture of microcomputer and independent development
Chinese Graphic power system simulation software, the modeling of power grid primary system is based on digital dynamic Electromagnetic Simulation experiment porch.Platform
Including abundant power system component model, such as generator, exciter and excitation regulation device, governor, motor, transformation
Device, load, breaker, power transmission line, reactor, string complement part etc., can be according to system physical cabling structure, component parameters pair
The operating condition of primary system completely draw and accurately calculate, output and system actually identical voltage, current wave
Shape.User can modify to electric network composition and component parameters by graphical interfaces, and can neatly change system and once connect
Line mode, so as to carry out complete analogue simulation to running situation.
Simulating grid primary system can arbitrarily be built according to real training demand, this project is said by taking 500kV substations as an example
Bright, primary system is made of 500kVA substations, 220kVB substations.The complete string of 2 of 500kV, 1 500kV main transformer,
220kV2 outlet.Primary system is as shown in Figure 1.
The graphical control module support platform of electrical secondary system is the digitlization mould of the various protective relays of electric grid secondary system
The structure of type and the platform tools of driving operation, the platform employ advanced model construction principle, have stability it is good,
The features such as reliability is high, code operational efficiency is high, while the platform develops figure also using newest computer graphics techniques
The powerful graphical functions such as shape drafting, graphical modeling and graphical commissioning test.System has also been fully considered imitates with other
The compatibility of true system, for the identifiable text model of other analogue systems structure, this system can be by text model
It automatically forms patterned model or this paper models is added in existing graphical model and can also conveniently realized
With the data connection of other systems.
System provides a very intuitive patterned model build tool, need to only be hauled out from algorithms library algorithm to
Model area, you can the input and output of each module with connecting line are connected, have just been built into a new mould by one module of generation
Type, connecting line can arbitrarily add and subtract node, so as to beautify the wiring of model.The input and output amount initial value of each module can be non-
It often easily modifies, module operating rate, operation the modifications such as are freezed and be convenient to, can also be to the input of each module
The description of output quantity redefines, in short, the system embody well the rapidity of graphical structure model, convenience and
Intuitive.
System can an easily self-defined new algorithm, and can be that algorithm design one is very vivid
The pel of change；Combinational algorithm can be built with infinite stages, when the model that there is general utility functions into one with several module constructions
When, which can be packaged, be redefined as a combinational algorithm, so as to easily with the combinational algorithm structure
Other more complicated models are built, this process can be carried out with infinite stages, construct complicated multi-level combinational algorithm.
Second protection concrete configuration is as follows：
1 protective relaying device allocation list of table
Digital dynamic Electromagnetic Simulation experiment porch (DDRTS) is complete based on the open architecture of microcomputer and independent development
Chinese Graphic power system simulation software, the modeling of power grid primary system is based on digital dynamic Electromagnetic Simulation experiment porch.Platform
Including abundant power system component model, such as generator, exciter and excitation regulation device, governor, motor, transformation
Device, load, breaker, power transmission line, reactor, string complement part etc., can be according to system physical cabling structure, component parameters pair
The operating condition of primary system completely draw and accurately calculate, output and system actually identical voltage, current wave
Shape.User can modify to electric network composition and component parameters by graphical interfaces, and can neatly change system and once connect
Line mode, so as to carry out complete analogue simulation to running situation.Platform employs advanced model construction principle, tool
There is the features such as stability is good, reliability is high, code operational efficiency is high, while the system also utilizes newest computer graphical skill
Art, the graphical functions such as exploitation graphic plotting, graphical modeling and graphical commissioning test.
The protective device type of electric system reality is various, complicated, and protective device modeling has very big difficulty.One
Aspect, it is uneconomic that all protective devices of power grid actual disposition, which are purchased again for emulation,；On the other hand, it uses
Virtual protection device is modeled, and there is also problems with：First, the protection of all kinds of models of every branch configuration of power grid is filled
It is huge to put the workload modeled in detail, and two are limited to intellectual property and trade secret, and protective device producer is to granddad
The relay protective scheme of cloth and the protective device of scene reality are also not quite similar, and can not realize the accurate mould of protective device of specific model
The foundation of type.
Relay protection general digital model construction thinking is：Based on typical protective relaying device, according to protection type
Classify, extract same type relay protection and peace from the general character part of device, forming apparatus general module.By to general
Module is configured, and forms the exemplary device model of all kinds of protections.
Platform provides a very intuitive patterned model build tool, need to only be hauled out from algorithms library algorithm to
Model area, you can the input and output of each module with connecting line are connected, have just been built into a new mould by one module of generation
Type, connecting line can arbitrarily add and subtract node, so as to beautify the wiring of model.The input and output amount initial value of each module can be non-
It often easily modifies, module operating rate, operation the modifications such as are freezed and be convenient to, can also be to the input of each module
The description of output quantity redefines, in short, the platform embody well the rapidity of graphical structure model, convenience and
Intuitive.
The emulation that traditional protection philosophy model is protected using the size of simple comparison electrical quantity and principle definite value,
It is only capable of describing the reasonability of definite value from principal level.The universal protection device model that this platform uses is directly from electro-magnetic transient meter
It calculates result and obtains data, converted by Fu's formula and the true algorithm process basic data of other protective devices, target when will carry
Voltage, magnitude of current input universal protection device model, are returned by the logic of the start-up criterion join protection device of protective device
Road emulates the actual act of protective device.
The emulation of protective relaying device action logic should be able to reflect the principle grade acting characteristic, each of various protective relaying devices
The configuration relation of kind of protective relaying device, protection are to the cooperation of reflection and the protection of various failures, the correct sequence of movement of protection
Consequence generated with result, false protection or tripping etc..
In order to realize the logical simulation of each quasi-representative protective device, the guarantor of a reflection protective device logical relation need to be established
Protect logic diagram.Relay protective scheme block diagram does not lack code insurance shield producer and model, establishes typical protection act logic.Logical relation
Block diagram should also have input/output signal amount, sample frequency, acting characteristic in addition to logical relation between each module of reflection protection
Attributes are waited, to achieve the purpose that approach the internal algorithm and structure of specific protective device.
Power grid primary system is built using DDRTS systems in the present system, and uses electro-magnetic transient algorithm, and electrical secondary system
I.e. for protective device then using the structure operation of graphical simulation support platform system, two systems realize that data are handed over by real-time data base
It changes and mutually instructs control.
The result data of each step-length of EM transient calculation of DDRTS systems is sent into real-time data base, protective device
Data are then obtained from real-time data base by sampling element, in case of acting, then give DDRTS systems by command mode
Sending action information.The key of problem is how protective device data sampling ensures same with the EM transient calculation of DDRTS systems
Step, that is, the stationary problem that primary system is calculated with electrical secondary system.When in this system using establishing exclusive variable and obtaining
Between after the mode that identifies realizes that a step-length has been calculated for DDRTS in synchronization, specific process, write data into real-time database, and
Notice electrical secondary system can read data afterwards, and itself enters wait state, wait for the notice of electrical secondary system.Secondary system
After system is notified, data are obtained from real-time data base and carry out operation, while the temporal information of DDRTS system-computeds
It tells modules, time-triggered protocol is carried out, and operation result is written in real-time database by module self, then notice is primary
System can read and carry out calculating for next step length, and itself enters wait state.
When building electrical secondary system model in graphical simulation support platform system, need to contact with the foundation of DDRTS systems,
It realizes data exchange, is actually contacted with real-time data base foundation, carry out data exchange with real-time data base, system uses
The mode of interface algorithm.In this way when with interface algorithm generation module, if select corresponding primary equipment such as switch names,
Busbar title can be achieved with the connection with primary system.
The protection of a switch is established on same map sheet in emulation support platform system, in this way in primary system
Switch is clicked on figure, when checking its relaying configuration, emulation support platform system will be given to send map sheet and recall order, in emulation branch
It will show that the switch matches protection information automatically on support plateform system.
The present invention realizes synchronization by the way of exclusive variable and acquisition time identifier is established, and specific process is
It after a step-length has been calculated in DDRTS, writes data into real-time database, then notifies electrical secondary system that can read data, and
Itself enters wait state, waits for the notice of electrical secondary system.After electrical secondary system is notified, number is obtained from real-time data base
According to and carry out operation, while modules are told the temporal information of DDRTS system-computeds, by module self carry out the time
Reason, and operation result is written in real-time database, then notify primary system that can read and carries out calculating long in next step
, and itself enters wait state.
When building electrical secondary system model in graphical simulation support platform system, need to contact with the foundation of DDRTS systems,
It realizes data exchange, is actually contacted with real-time data base foundation, carry out data exchange with real-time data base, system uses
The mode of interface algorithm.In this way when with interface algorithm generation module, if select corresponding primary equipment such as switch names,
Busbar title can be achieved with the connection with primary system.
Primary system of the present invention the processing of adjustment power supply and can meet size arbitrarily to change in a manner of power network wiring, arbitrary
Place sets various failures, and two second part may be used virtual relay protection fexible unit platform and establish, and can also use true
General relay protection experimental device and DDRTS simulation primary system be seamlessly connected, can also use with scene it is true
Each protection producer actual device and the primary system of DDRTS simulations be seamlessly connected.The system is truly realized plug-in unit pattern,
Two second part support virtual bench, also support true general secondary experimental provision, also support the protective device of real scene, do
Real plug and play is arrived.
Analogue system have the graphical simulation modeling software based on artwork library integrated technique, user can according to oneself
NETWORK STRUCTURE PRESERVING POWER SYSTEM adopts graphically founding mathematical models.User can set various typical faults, and can be arbitrary
The parameters such as type and the impedance ground of failure are set.
Modeling follows open principle, and human-computer interaction interface uses Windows systems；
System component parameter uses data base administration；It can independent defined parameters to each class component and each element
Bound, and can be changed by user, the data of bound preserve in the database；
The waveform of simulation data can show, print, carrying out waveform analysis and stored and played back with document form；
There is wave shape playback, system should be able to read COMTRADE files (different-format and the sampling frequency of live recording
The comtrade files of rate) and the big system of export simulation waveform, COMTRADE can be opened by dynamic waveform playback system
File carries out wave shape playback test；
System provide in playback file voltage, the frequency analysis function of current waveform, letter to be analyzed is calculated by FFT
Number DC component and each harmonic amplitude and phase angle；
With good stability and maintainability.Modeling environment with graphical, modularization, interactive mode.Exploitation
Engineer can conveniently realize the graphical modeling of power grid primary connection circuit system according to produced on-site flow；
The software main interface of analogue system is as shown in Fig. 2, its modeling pattern uses international recent software standard.Each electric power
The parameter setting of element is as shown in Fig. 3,4,5,6,7,8.
It exports as shown in Figure 9 to the voltage channel signal configuration of protective relaying device.
It exports and shows to the current channel signal configuration such as figure institute 10 of protective relaying device.
Abort situation can set connecting line directly to be set in system diagram by Graphics Control, as shown in FIG. 11 and 12.
Fault parameter, fault type can be set by double-clicking fault element icon, as shown in figure 13.
Electromagnetic transient simulation is calculated using instantaneous value mode, the frequency electric of real-time simulation not only computing system, and
And considering aperiodic and high fdrequency component and quick dynamic process, computing system has following major function：
System can carry out the electromagnetic transient real-time simulated animation of electric system；
System has the computational methods of optimization, under electromagnetic transient simulation pattern, when emulating the system of certain node scale,
Calculating speed can reach real-time；
System can simulate various types failure and multiple failure, including turn in conversion hysteria failure in area, area external area error,
Turn troubles inside the sample space etc. outside area；
Fault type can arbitrarily be set, and including fault time, fault resistance etc., can simulate the action of reclosing
Phenomena such as with protection together in permanent fault, in failure process, fault resstance can change；
Synchronous Machine Models should be the PARK equation solutions of standard, can be on the basis of simulated machine fundamental characteristics
The saturation of simulated machine and the excitation of generator and governing system.System should provide the excitation and governing system of ieee standard,
It also can User Defined excitation and governing system；
System has power of fixed frequency model, and external characteristics includes tidal currenttype (i.e. balance nodes, PV node, PQ sections
Point), active power, reactive power, voltage magnitude and voltage-phase；
System has motor model, and can simulate the starting process of various capacity electric machines；
System have single-phase two-winding transformer, three-phase two-simulation transformer and three-phase three-winding transformer model (including
Auto-transformer), transformer neutral point should include various earthing types；
System has two kinds of circuit models of lumped parameter and distributed constant, does not replace circuit mould with parallel lines on same tower double back also
Type, can be with the transient process of accurate simulation circuit；
System has the model of high-voltage shunt reactor；
System has voltage transformer and current transformer model.Voltage transformer has two type of electromagnetic type and condenser type
Type.System should can the transient process of accurate simulation CVT and the saturation process of CT；
System has all kinds of passive element models：Resistance, inductance, capacitance, series connection RL, parallel connection RL, series connection RC, parallel connection RC, string
Join RLC, parallel connection RLC, reactor, earthing reactor etc.；
System has all kinds of modeling of nonlinear components：Saturable reactor, arrester and discharging gap etc.；
Analogue system operational effect is as shown in Figure 14,15,16.
By using true, accurate markers, sequential and external input, output to entire analogue system itself carry out
Synchronization Control, be responsible for entire emulation testing process sequential and Synchronization Control, ensure calculate real-time and multiple signals it is same
Step property, so as to ensure the slitless connection of simulation software and true physical equipment.Real-time should meet protective device action logic and
The requirement of failure wave-recording.
Analogue system ensures the reasonability and correctness of simulation primary system circuit both sides protection act Outlet time, with true
Protect the synchronization of both sides operating time of protection.
The control of analogue system real-time process should ensure that in the sequential and substation of primary complete simulation process really disturbance,
Failure, the sequential of operation logically, on the time are consistent.
The electrical secondary system part of electric system is the various and complicated system of a type, is set comprising various
It is standby, but study carefully its mechanism, nothing more than several classifications.In this way, the identical secondary device of principle is classified as one kind by us, DDRTS is used
Self-defined control module writes one section of code to describe its general character, and its characteristic part is separated, with several control modules
To indicate.Two second part can be modeled by the control module of graphical simulation system, wherein control mould includes abundant each generic module,
Using these basic modules, all controllers can be built in current electric system (such as：The field regulator and tune of generator
Fast device, variable-impedance component, voltage source, current source etc.).The module include more than 20 kinds of different mathematical function module, more than ten kinds
Different basic time modules, eight kinds of signal generators, five kinds of logical functions, seven kinds of basic nonlinear function modules, three kinds of controls
Function processed and self-defined control variable.Self-defined control variable system provides open platform, can be protected according to various principles
Self-defined relay protective scheme.
Secondary device modeling principle is as shown in figure 17.Secondary device modeling is included based on emulation platform, protection two modelings
Three data sampling, protection operation, logic judgment modules.
Data sampling modeling is as shown in figure 18.
Data sampling is introduced by emulation platform signal, can introduce the electrical quantity such as voltage, electric current, frequency, introducing it is electrical
Amount can freely define type, equipment, position, after collecting customized signal, according to the data that protection algorism needs, data
Sampling module is according to the powered-down tolerance of sampling algorithm the output phase and judges whether starting protection computing module.
Protection operation module is as shown in figure 19.
Computing module is protected to receive the sampled value of data sampling output, and inputs the preset definite value of protection, is calculated according to protection
Method, calculates whether protection acts and output action signal.
Protection algorism can be write general protection algorism by protections such as circuit, transformer, busbares, such as：
Power frequency variation difference stream starts：
ΔId1.25 Δ I of ＞dt+Idth
Wherein：
ΔIdtIt for floating door, is gradually improved automatically as variable quantity exports increase, takes 1.25 times can ensure threshold electricity
Pressure slightly above uneven output always.
The respectively power frequency variation of each side electric current of transformer.
ΔIdHalf-cycle integration value for difference stream.
IdthFor fixed door.Power frequency variation difference stream initiating element is not influenced by load current, and sensitivity is very high, is started
Definite value is adjusted by device inner setting without user.
This initiating element is used for opening power frequency variation biased differential protection.
Power frequency variation ratio differential protection act equation
ΔIr=max | Δ I1φ|+|ΔI2φ|+....+|ΔImφ|}
Wherein：
ΔIdtFor floating door, gradually improved automatically as variable quantity exports increase.Threshold electricity can be ensured by taking 1.25 times
Pressure slightly above uneven output always, ensures, in system oscillation or frequency shift (FS), to protect not malfunction.
The respectively power frequency variation of each side electric current of transformer.
ΔIdPower frequency variation for difference current.
IdthFor fixed door.
ΔIrFor the power frequency variation of stalling current, maximum mutually braking is taken.
Logic judgment module is as shown in figure 20, and it is as shown in figure 21 that operation principle is moved back in pressing plate throwing.
Relay protective scheme judges that mathematical algorithm can be write general logic judgment algorithm by protections such as circuit, transformer, busbares,
As depicted in figures 22 and 23.
Circuit is tested：
Arbitrary point short circuit (containing single-phase, two-phase and three-phase)；
Arbitrary perforated line (containing single-phase, two-phase and three-phase)；
Compound failure, including multipoint earthing, multiple spot in system be short-circuit, arbitrary a variety of primary equipment simultaneous faults, switch
Short trouble etc. occurs simultaneously for tripping；
Metallicity failure, evolved fault, resistance grounded failure, hand close to failure, are inside and outside circuit transitory waveform, area
It breaks down again in system oscillation and oscillation；
Transitory waveform is tested
Single-phase earthing, two phase ground, line to line fault, three-phase shortcircuit and three-phase shortcircuit ground connection are simulated in protected circuit end
Failure, the transitory waveform of distance protection should not exceed 5%.
Metallicity failure in area：In protection circuit outlet, midpoint, end each point simulation single-phase earthing, two phase ground, three-phase
Short circuit and three-phase shortcircuit earth fault.Various failures simulate transient fault and permanent fault respectively.
External area error：Single-phase earthing, two phase ground, three-phase shortcircuit and three-phase shortcircuit ground connection event are simulated at adjacent lines both ends
Barrier.Various failures simulate transient fault.
Evolved fault：Evolved fault of the same trouble point simulation through different time span inside protected circuit；
The different name phase evolved fault between close trouble point is simulated between protected circuit and adjacent lines；Protected circuit with
Cross-line phase-to phase fault is simulated between adjacent lines.
Resistance grounded failure：The single failure of various strip resistances is simulated at both ends and midpoint inside protected circuit；
Adjacent lines simulates the single failure of various strip resistances.Singlephase earth fault transition resistance be 0~300 Ω, phase-to phase fault resistance
For 0~100 Ω.
Hand is closed to failure：System is single-side power, simulates protected circuit respectively in outlet, midpoint and end three-phase ground
Breaker is closed under state.
It breaks down again in system oscillation and oscillation：Circuit is mutually run entirely, and dynamic steady destruction occurs due to failure for system；It is shaking
Various short troubles outside simulation Nei He areas of protected circuit area during swinging
System double-loop wire heavy service causes system power system oscillation due to open-phase operation occurs for adjacent lines, is shaking
Various short troubles outside simulation Nei He areas of protected circuit area during swinging
System double-loop wire is run, and is caused system power system oscillation due to breaker one phase in this circuit side disconnects, is being vibrated
Various short troubles outside Nei He areas of protected circuit area are simulated in the process.
Transformer body and its related experiment：
Transformer fault, including phase fault, ground short circuit；
Transformer airdrop test；
Transformer non-electricity signal：The light gas of ontology grave gas, ontology, have load-carrying gas, have carry light gas, oil temperature it is high,
Oil temperature exception, pressure release and cooler full cut-off etc.；
Busbar is tested：
Busbar short-circuit；
Busbar grounding；
Instantaneity, permanent fault；
Capacitor, reactor instantaneity, permanent fault experiment
Switch main body and its relevant experiment：
Switch failure；
Switch jump；
Open-phase operation；
The various exceptions of switch (forbid tripping by pressure reduction；Pressure reduction No switching on；Reclosing is forbidden in pressure reduction；
Pressure reduction quiescing；Switch pressure, oil pressure reduce)；
Switch is closed on faulty circuit or busbar；
Secondary circuit is tested：
TA/TV broken strings, polar orientation, short circuit, secondary circuit open circuit；
For powerful configuration function, it is arbitrarily different that user can simulate secondary circuit by the separate relay that software controls
Normal or phenomenon of the failure.
Measurement amount needed for base electromagnetic transient simulation algorithm acquisition device action simulation, and coupling apparatus mathematical model realizes electricity
Net fault recurrence and cascading failure simulation analysis.
(1) acquisition of failure amount
System simulation platform is based on electrical-magnetic model and calculates transient process after failure, each protective position electricity of output power grid
Pressure, electric current obtain sample information when the sample information of target containing when, fault recurrence and cascading failure emulation module and input typical guarantor
Protection unit.
(2) device measurement amount is analyzed
The structure of the modeling module of protective relaying device general digital model including device, action logic, measurement amount place
Reason method；Electric current, the voltage data that electro-magnetic transient provides are introduced, is obtained by the measurement quantity algorithm of device and is moved applied to device
Make the measurement amount of logic, and then calculated according to the action logic of device needs and measure impedance, phase current, negative-sequence current, zero sequence
The measurement data of all kinds of protection applications such as electric current, power, phase voltage, negative sequence voltage, residual voltage.
(3) fault recurrence and cascading failure simulation analysis
According to the action logic of fexible unit model, the design of protection act emulation universal method is carried out, realizes that consideration is disconnected
Road device actuation time, reclosure time, prepared auto restart action, protection or breaker tripping, distance I sections of transitory waveforms, power flow transfers
Cause to hide all kinds of simulation analysis such as malfunction of load protection；Needs are analyzed according to physical fault, the discharge state of breaker is anti-
Simulated grid model is fed to, carry out the whole network electromagnetic transient analysis again and is exported to protective device, realizes the cascading failure of protection
Emulation is until failure vanishes.
Fault recurrence and cascading failure simulation analysis module are according to the equipment and mounted cast in the simulation scale of acquisition, really
Situations such as recognizing the intrinsic actuation time such as protection exit, circuit breaker trip, and considering relay fail, breaker tripping.This mould
The key technology point of block for overall logic design and with other module combined calculation emulation interfaces.
After system startup separator playback function, the data according to needed for fault recurrence obtain simulation scale, simulator respectively
Model, device electrical quantity sampling value, and backer be according to need set tripping switch or protection.Data acquisition is completed can be into
Row emulation carries out the analysis of device logic according to the device measurement electrical quantity obtained, determines whether to enter according to analysis result and open
Close the emulation of displacement cascading failure, the cascading failure emulation of switch failure.After emulation simulation result is shown according to platform, and
Form simulation report.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, but its be not restricted in specification and embodiment it is listed
With it can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention, for those skilled in the art, can be easy
Other modification is realized on ground, therefore without departing from the general concept defined in the claims and the equivalent scope, and the present invention is not
It is limited to specific details and legend shown and described herein.
Claims (4)
1. the secondary device modeling method based on electromagnetic transient simulation platform, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Electric power networks are divided into N number of sub-network, wherein, N is natural number more than 1, and according to network segmentation object function into
The optimization of each sub-network of row, the network segmentation object function are：
S=a1 2+a2 2+a3 2+as 2,
Wherein S be object function, a1、a2、a3For the number of nodes in the sub-network, asFor the connecting line between the sub-network
Quantity；
Different simulation step lengths is set respectively, and the simulation step length of the electric power networks is set as every for each sub-network
The common divisor of the simulation step length of a sub-network；
It is emulated using the sub-network and the simulation step length of the electric power networks using EMTP methods, establishes each sub-network
In different force devices model and be deposited into database；
According to the model foundation primary system operating status model of the force device, and output voltage and electric current is calculated simultaneously
It is deposited into database；
Secondary device is classified according to the operation principle of secondary device and carries out simulation modeling respectively, while the secondary device is inserted
Enter into the sub-network, and according to the output voltage and Current calculation obtain the secondary device electric values and by its
It is stored in database；
Data acquisition module obtains the electric values of secondary device from database, and by the electric values and pre-stored electricity
Tolerance threshold value is compared, and judges starting protection operation when the electric values exceed the pre-stored electrical quantity threshold value,
And protection adjusted value is calculated, logic judgment module sends out adjustment according to the protection adjusted value to the model of the force device
Order, that is, complete fault simulation.
2. the secondary device modeling method based on electromagnetic transient simulation platform as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Force device is generator, exciter and excitation regulation device, governor, motor, transformer, load, breaker, transmission of electricity
Line, reactor and string complement part.
3. the secondary device modeling method based on electromagnetic transient simulation platform as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
The model of the force device is built using electromagnetic transient simulation system；
After the electromagnetic transient simulation system obtains the data of each step-length and a step-length has been calculated, data are deposited into number
According in library, the order of data is then read to data acquisition module transmission, and itself enters wait state；
Data acquisition module obtains data after receiving the order for reading data from database and carries out operation, and operation
As a result be stored in database, then send the order for calculating next step-length to the electromagnetic transient simulation system, and itself into
Enter wait state；
The electromagnetic transient simulation system receives the order for calculating next step-length, carries out the calculating of the step-length.
4. the secondary device modeling method based on electromagnetic transient simulation platform as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that also wrap
It includes：
The modification order of user is received, performs the operation of the modification to the parameter of each force device and the secondary device.
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| CN113659574A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-11-16 | 王文林 | Closed-loop and open-loop simulation platform and simulation method for power distribution network with phase angle difference |
| CN113659574B (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2023-11-21 | 王文林 | Power distribution network closed-loop simulation platform with phase angle difference and simulation method |
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