CN103823143B - The emulation mode of substation equipment safety analysis after a kind of extra-high voltage increase-volume - Google Patents
The emulation mode of substation equipment safety analysis after a kind of extra-high voltage increase-volume Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the emulation mode of substation equipment safety analysis after a kind of extra-high voltage increase-volume, comprise the steps: step 1: use PSCAD to build equivalent network model according to the flow data of actual electric network, equivalent network model includes load model, transmission line of alternation current model, generator model and transformer model；Step 2: PSCAD equivalent network model is carried out the emulation under stable situation and failure condition, obtains steady state voltage current data and overvoltage, overcurrent data, with the running status of main equipment under fault under analysis stable state；Step 3: use MATLAB software to read in the overvoltage under the various failure conditions of PSCAD output, overcurrent data, the running status of Analysis of programming secondary device.The impact of transformer station one secondary device is studied by the method for extra-high voltage environment, it is ensured that the safe operation of main equipment and the correct control of secondary device, it is ensured that extra-high voltage grid safe and stable operation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to UHV transmission and power system software emulation crossing domain, be specifically related to the emulation mode of substation equipment safety analysis after a kind of extra-high voltage increase-volume.
Background technology
PSCAD/EMTDC (Power Systems Computer Aided Design/Electro-Magnetic Transient In DC System) is widely used a kind of electromagnetic transient simulation software in power system the most in the world.EMTDC is a set of electro-magnetic transient simulation program, and PSCAD is its user interface.PSCAD is a drawing interface that is powerful and that gather completely, is the window that is connected with EMTDC of user.This interface can be simulated real system and draw analogue system, and it is emulated.Interpretation of result, can use curve or measurement table to export result, can see simulation result from Simulation Interface intuitively.EMTDC is the kernel program of PSCAD emulation, and the model that it uses FORTRAN77 and FORTRAN90 to recognize is write, and when using FORTRAN90 model, can automatically distribute the needs that network size meets emulation.When we are actually needed some model, if do not had in component library, we can also use formula translation to write.After simulation circuit model has been set up, being to be compiled by RORTRTAN compiler, connected during operation, operation result can be the most reasonable with effect result along with the progress of program real-time formation curve in PLOT.
MATLAB be by mathworks company of the U.S. issue main in the face of scientific algorithm, visualization and the high-tech computing environment of programming of interactive.Many powers such as the modeling and simulation of numerical analysis, matrix calculus, science data visualization and nonlinear dynamic system are integrated in a wieldy windowing environment by it, for scientific research, engineering design and numerous scientific domains of Effective Numerical calculating must be carried out provide a kind of comprehensive solution, and broken away from the edit pattern of traditional noninteractive program design language (such as C, Fortran) to a great extent, represent the advanced level of current international scientific software for calculation.
PSCAD program only has the copying of power system, for the further disposal ability of data deficiency of output；Existing data can be programmed processing according to the demand of user by MATLAB program, however it is necessary that other simulation software provides emulation data for it.The most existing software lack can simulation data data, data can process according to user's request and then obtain again the ability of result.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide the emulation mode of substation equipment safety analysis after a kind of extra-high voltage increase-volume, the impact of transformer station one secondary device is furtherd investigate by the method for complicated extra-high voltage environment, studied in extra-high voltage by simulating analysis, the operating characteristic of main equipment under the conditions of big load condition, and the operation control method of secondary device, the complicated extra-high voltage environment impact on relay protection of further investigation on this basis, ensure the safe operation of main equipment and the correct control of secondary device, ensure the safe and stable operation of extra-high voltage grid.
It is an object of the invention to use following technical proposals to realize:
The present invention provides the emulation mode of substation equipment safety analysis after a kind of extra-high voltage increase-volume, and it thes improvement is that, described method comprises the steps:
Step 1: using PSCAD to build equivalent network model according to the flow data of actual electric network, equivalent network model includes load model, transmission line of alternation current model, generator model and transformer model；
Step 2: PSCAD equivalent network model is carried out the emulation under stable situation and failure condition, obtains steady state voltage current data and overvoltage, overcurrent data, with the running status of main equipment under fault under analysis stable state；
Step 3: use MATLAB software to read in the overvoltage under the various failure conditions of PSCAD output, overcurrent data, the running status of Analysis of programming secondary device.
Further, in described step 1, described load model processes and includes: (1) processes according to the mode of the meritorious situation equivalence electromotor exerting oneself equal with bearing workload；(2) processing as three-phase burden with power, three-phase burden with power value can produce fluctuation with busbar voltage, does not affect idle distribution；
Transmission line of alternation current model: using the PI model in PSCAD, PI model is lumped parameter model, utilizes the resistance of lumped parameter R, L, C mimic bus, perception effect and capacitive effect；
Generator model: simulation process uses in PSCAD the three-phase voltage source model carried as generator model, given electromotor positive sequence and the subtranient reactance of zero sequence, and give the expected value of voltage and power in actual trend operation result and be automatically adjusted by it；
Transformer model: after electrical network carries out dynamic equivalent, transformator is distributed between reservation electromotor and 500kV bus nodes, and each winding voltage of transformator is phase voltage, and determines according to tap joint position voltage.
Further, in described step 2, in PSCAD equivalent network model respectively in district of transformer station, outside district, on end of incoming cables and bus, singlephase earth fault is set, biphase phase-to phase fault and three-phase ground fault, simulation calculation obtains voltage x current value, analyzes main equipment (transformator, chopper) running status under steady state conditions.
Further, in described step 3, the voltage and current measurement data that PSCAD emulation under various malfunctions obtained in 2nd step obtains are exported with text formatting, and use MATLAB programming to read in voltage x current data, after carrying out Fourier transformation, vector is multiplied, so make cut-off capacity curve to analyze main transformer each side chopper to cut-off capacity the most out-of-limit；
The measurement data of lower for various failure conditions protected installation place is exported with text formatting; then in conjunction with protective relaying device principle; write inlet wire, bus and the algorithm routine of transformator main protection; the data reading in PSCAD output are analyzed; making protection act characteristic, can analyze secondary device (predominantly relay protection device) correct operation.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention reaches to provide the benefit that:
1, the present invention is based on adjacent substations equipment running status after PSCAD and MATLAB associative simulation extra-high voltage increase-volume, it is possible to give full play to the respective advantage of software, carries out the simulation and analysis of the security situation of transformer station's main equipment and secondary device after extra-high voltage increase-volume.There is provided management to safeguard foundation for equipment configuration, on-the-spot operation, there is important directive significance.Analysis method used in the present invention, it is possible to achieve the hybrid simulation analysis to the power system in a region, has promotional value.
2, the present invention is directed to complicated extra-high voltage environment the impact of transformer station one secondary device is furtherd investigate; by simulating analysis research operating characteristic of main equipment under the conditions of extra-high voltage, big load condition; and the operation control method of secondary device; the complicated extra-high voltage environment impact on relay protection of further investigation on this basis; ensure the safe operation of main equipment and the correct control of secondary device, it is ensured that the safe and stable operation of extra-high voltage grid.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the emulation mode flow chart of substation equipment safety analysis after the extra-high voltage increase-volume that the present invention provides；
Fig. 2 be the present invention provide be usually used in a kind of fault method to set up figure of transformer station in PSCAD model；
Fig. 3 is the voltage waveform of Substation No.1 main transformer under the steady-state operation after the extra-high voltage increase-volume that the present invention provides；Wherein (a) is high side voltage waveform；B () is medium voltage side voltage waveform；C () is low-pressure side voltage waveform；
Fig. 4 is three side voltage waveforms under Substation No.1 main transformer medium voltage side A phase short circuit grounding fault after the extra-high voltage increase-volume that the present invention provides；Wherein (a ') it is high side voltage waveform；(b ') it is medium voltage side voltage waveform；(c ') it is low-pressure side voltage waveform；
Fig. 5 is that the circuit being connected with transformer station after the extra-high voltage increase-volume that the present invention provides occurs the current comparison pilot protection performance plot that under A phase short circuit grounding fault, MATLAB makes；
Fig. 6 is that the circuit being connected with transformer station after the extra-high voltage increase-volume that the present invention provides occurs the distance protection performance plot that under A phase short circuit grounding fault, MATLAB makes；
Fig. 7 is the current differential protection performance plot that MATLAB makes under Substation No.1 main transformer medium voltage side occurs AB phase fault after the extra-high voltage increase-volume that the present invention provides.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the detailed description of the invention of the present invention is described in further detail.
Present invention is generally directed to the sending end 500kV substation equipment safety after extra-high voltage increase-volume be analyzed.Initially with PSCAD simulation analysis software build extra-high voltage sending end 500kV substation partial electric grid model, then system (is stopped power transmission under various running statuses, fault outage) carry out simulation calculation, then calculation result data is imported in MATLAB emulation and process, analyze the transformer station's main equipment after extra-high voltage increase-volume and secondary device safety in operation.
After the extra-high voltage increase-volume that the present invention provides, the emulation mode flow chart of substation equipment safety analysis is as it is shown in figure 1, comprise the steps:
Step 1: use PSCAD to build equivalent network model according to the flow data of actual electric network, specifically include load model, transmission line of alternation current model, generator model and transformer model；
I, load model.The processing method of load model has two, a kind of is to be electromotor according to the meritorious situation equivalence exerting oneself equal with bearing workload, so process electromotor and will necessarily have idle output, load or burden without work can be hung on generator bus and absorb a part of reactive power, but still suffering from a large amount of idle inflow system, the distribution to system load flow can impact；The second is to process as three-phase burden with power, and like this its value will produce fluctuation with busbar voltage, but does not affect idle distribution.If it is little to bear workload place bus nodes change in voltage, can process according to the second way.From the result after equivalence, bear workload and mainly appear on boundary node and equivalent machine, and these nodes are near the power supply of dynamic equivalent system, the fluctuation of voltage magnitude is little, when the fault away from these nodes is carried out simulation analysis, processing according to second method and have certain feasibility, phantom the most more simplifies.
II, transmission line of alternation current model.Using the PI model in PSCAD, this model is lumped parameter model, utilizes the resistance of lumped parameter R, L, C mimic bus and perceptual and capacitive effect.
III, transformer model.After electrical network carries out dynamic equivalent, transformator is distributed between reservation electromotor and 500kV bus nodes.Each winding voltage of transformator is phase voltage, and should determine according to tap joint position voltage.
IV, generator model.Simulation process can use the three-phase voltage source model carried in PSCAD be automatically adjusted by it as generator model, the positive sequence of given electromotor and the subtranient reactance of zero sequence, and the expected value giving the voltage in actual trend operation result and power.
Step 2: PSCAD model is carried out the emulation under stable situation, obtains steady state voltage current data, analyzes equipment running status under stable state；In institute's modeling respectively in district of transformer station, outside district, be respectively provided with singlephase earth fault, biphase phase-to phase fault and three-phase ground fault on end of incoming cables and bus, simulation calculation obtains corresponding voltage x current value, analyzes the running status of main equipment.
As it is shown in figure 1, the PSCAD model built is carried out the emulation under stable situation, obtain steady state voltage current data, thus analyze main equipment overvoltage under steady state conditions and overcurrent situations respectively；As shown in Figure 2, in institute's modeling respectively in district of transformer station, outside district, be respectively provided with A phase earth fault on end of incoming cables and bus, AB phase-to phase fault and ABC three-phase ground fault, the voltage x current value emulating and obtaining under malfunction, analyze main equipment over-voltage condition under various faults.
Step 3: the measurement data of voltage x current in PSCAD under various failure conditions is exported with text formatting.Then using MATLAB software programming algorithm routine, the data reading in PSCAD output determine the running status of main equipment and secondary device.
As it is shown in figure 1, the voltage and current measurement data that PSCAD emulation under various malfunctions obtained in second step obtains are exported with text formatting.Using MATLAB programming to read in voltage x current data, after carrying out Fourier transformation, vector is multiplied, so make cut-off capacity curve to analyze main transformer each side chopper to cut-off capacity the most out-of-limit；The measurement data of lower for various failure conditions protected installation place is exported with text formatting; then in conjunction with protective relaying device principle; use MATLAB software programming inlet wire, bus and the algorithm routine of transformator main protection; the data reading in PSCAD output are analyzed; making protection act characteristic, can analyze it correct operation.
By above-mentioned enforcement step, the complicated extra-high voltage environment impact on transformer station one secondary device can be analyzed by PSCAD Yu MATLAB hybrid simulation, ensure the safe operation of main equipment and the correct control of secondary device, it is ensured that the safe and stable operation of extra-high voltage grid.
Embodiment
Certain actual power station and the Equivalent Model of region electrical network thereof after the extra-high voltage increase-volume that employing PSCAD builds.This model is carried out the emulation under stable situation, obtains under the steady-state operation after extra-high voltage increase-volume the voltage waveform of certain Substation No.1 main transformer as shown in Figure 3.Thus figure can obtain the instantaneous voltage value on the lead-out wire of transformator three side, takes stable operation voltage and is limited to the rated value of 0.95 to 1.05 times up and down, then the most in this range, transformator is in normal operating conditions to three side instantaneous voltage value.
This Substation No.1 main transformer arranges medium voltage side A phase short circuit grounding fault, and its three sides voltage waveform is as shown in Figure 4.The lower No. 1 main transformer three side phase voltage value of malfunction is below 1.05 times of rated voltages, it is ensured that the normal work of transformator.
Analysis circuit current comparison pilot protection and distance protection as a example by A phase earth fault is there is by certain circuit being connected with this transformer station.After circuit A phase fault, the fault data that PSCAD emulates gained imports MATLAB, and programming is made current comparison pilot protection characteristic and seen Fig. 5; A phase difference current, stalling current increase sharply to 50kA; much larger than minimum differential starting current, the slope of the most differential-braking characteristic is close to 1, Id＞ 0.6Ir, A phase current comparison pilot protection action, and B, C biphase current characteristic is close with normal condition, protection will not action.
Same MATLAB makes the distance protection characteristic of this circuit and sees that Fig. 6, distance protection have phase-selecting function, therefore only need to pay close attention to A phase earthmeter impedance.The A phase of transformer substation side is measured impedance (black curve) and is entered protection act region, and A phase ground distance protection can action.Through simulation analysis, other non-fault lines, 500kV bus, main transformer main protection characteristic all close with normal operating condition, do not have misoperation situation.
There is to analyze as a example by AB phase fault transform er differential protection by this Substation No.1 main transformer medium voltage side.After No. 1 main transformer medium voltage side occurs AB phase fault, its current differential protection characteristic is shown in Fig. 7.After fault, the difference current of three-phase the most significantly rises, and more than minimum starting current 0.4kA, differential protection starts, and the ratio brake slope of curve is close to 1 simultaneously, more than setting valve 0.5, therefore transformer differential protection can action, by failure removal.
Finally should be noted that: above example is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme is not intended to limit, although the present invention being described in detail with reference to above-described embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the field are it is understood that still can modify or equivalent to the detailed description of the invention of the present invention, and without departing from any amendment of spirit and scope of the invention or equivalent, it all should be contained in the middle of scope of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (1)
1. the emulation mode of substation equipment safety analysis after an extra-high voltage increase-volume, it is characterised in that under described method includes
State step:
Step 1: using PSCAD to build equivalent network model according to the flow data of actual electric network, equivalent network model includes bearing
Lotus model, transmission line of alternation current model, generator model and transformer model；
Step 2: PSCAD equivalent network model is carried out the emulation under stable situation and failure condition, obtains steady state voltage electric current
Data and overvoltage, overcurrent data, with the running status of main equipment under fault under analysis stable state；
Step 3: use MATLAB software to read in the overvoltage under the various failure conditions of PSCAD output, overcurrent data,
The running status of Analysis of programming secondary device；
In described step 1, described load model processes and includes: (1) is according to the meritorious situation etc. equal with bearing workload of exerting oneself
The mode of value electromotor processes；(2) processing as three-phase burden with power, three-phase burden with power value can produce ripple with busbar voltage
Dynamic, do not affect idle distribution；
Transmission line of alternation current model: using the PI model in PSCAD, PI model is lumped parameter model, utilizes lumped parameter
The resistance of R, L, C mimic bus, perception effect and capacitive effect；
Generator model: use the three-phase voltage source model carried in PSCAD as generator model in simulation process, give
Electromotor positive sequence and the subtranient reactance of zero sequence, and it is automatic by it to give the expected value of voltage and power in actual trend operation result
Regulation；
Transformer model: after electrical network carries out dynamic equivalent, transformator is distributed between reservation electromotor and 500kV bus nodes,
Each winding voltage of transformator is phase voltage, and determines according to tap joint position voltage；
In described step 2, in PSCAD equivalent network model respectively in district of transformer station, outside district, end of incoming cables and bus
On singlephase earth fault, biphase phase-to phase fault and three-phase ground fault are set, simulation calculation obtains voltage x current value, analyzes main setting
Standby running status under steady state conditions；
In described step 3, PSCAD under various malfunctions obtained in the 2nd step is emulated the voltage and current measurement obtained
Data export with text formatting, and use MATLAB programming to read in voltage x current data, carry out vector phase after Fourier transformation
Take advantage of, so make cut-off capacity curve to analyze main transformer each side chopper to cut-off capacity the most out-of-limit；
The measurement data of lower for various failure conditions protected installation place is exported with text formatting, then in conjunction with protective relaying device
Principle, writes inlet wire, bus and the algorithm routine of transformator main protection, and the data reading in PSCAD output are analyzed, and do
Going out protection act characteristic, can analyze secondary device correct operation.
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| CN105896531B (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2019-02-22 | 国网天津市电力公司 | A kind of calculation and analysis methods that power grid is impacted based on the short-circuit test of PSD-BPA |
| CN108268671A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2018-07-10 | 中国电力科学研究院 | A kind of safety on line analysis model quality testing system and its evaluation method |
| CN111127987B (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2022-04-01 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Simulation model for calculating transmission overvoltage of generator-transformer set in PSCAD (power system computer aided design) |
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