CN103823143A - Simulation method of substation equipment security analysis after extra-high voltage capacity expansion - Google Patents
Simulation method of substation equipment security analysis after extra-high voltage capacity expansion Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a simulation method of substation equipment security analysis after extra-high voltage capacity expansion. The simulation method comprises the following steps: step one, constructing a equivalent network model by adopting a PSCAD (power system computer aided design) according to trend data of an actual power grid, wherein the equivalent network model comprises a load model, an alternating current power transmission line model, a generator model and a transformer model; step two, simulating the PSCAD equivalent network model under a steady state condition and a fault condition to obtain steady-state voltage current data and over-voltage and over-current data, analyzing running states of main equipment under the steady state condition and the fault condition; step three, reading in the over-voltage, over-current data output by the PSCAD under various fault conditions by using MATLAB (matrix laboratory) software, programming to analyze the running states of secondary equipment. The influence on the primary equipment and the secondary equipment of a substation at an extra-high voltage environment is researched, the safe running of the main equipment and the accurate control of the secondary equipment are guaranteed and the safe and stable running of an extra-high voltage power grid is guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to UHV transmission and electric system software emulation crossing domain, be specifically related to the emulation mode of substation equipment safety analysis after a kind of extra-high voltage increase-volume.
Background technology
PSCAD/EMTDC (Power Systems Computer Aided Design/Electro-Magnetic Transient In DC System) is widely used a kind of electromagnetic transient simulation software in electric system in the world at present.EMTDC is a set of electro-magnetic transient simulator program, and PSCAD is its user interface.PSCAD is a drawing interface powerful and that gather completely, is the window that user is connected with EMTDC.On this interface, can simulate real system and draw analogue system, and it is carried out to emulation.Interpretation of result, can adopt curve or meter to export result, from Simulation Interface, can see intuitively simulation result.EMTDC is the kernel program of PSCAD emulation, and the model that it adopts FORTRAN77 and FORTRAN90 to admit is write, and in the time using FORTRAN90 model, distribution network size meets the needs of emulation automatically.In the time of the some models of our actual needs, if do not had in component library, we also can adopt formula translation to write.After simulation circuit model has been set up, when operation, be to compile, connect by RORTRTAN compiler, whether operation result can be along with the progress of program real-time formation curve in PLOT, reasonable with effect result.
MATLAB is issued by mathworks company of the U.S. main in the face of science is calculated, the high-tech computing environment of visual and programming of interactive.Many powers such as the modeling and simulation of its numerical analysis, matrix computations, science data is visual and nonlinear dynamic system are integrated in a wieldy windowing environment, for scientific research, engineering design and the numerous scientific domains that must carry out Effective Numerical calculating provide a kind of comprehensive solution, and broken away to a great extent the edit pattern of traditional noninteractive program design language (as C, Fortran), represent the advanced level of current international scientific software for calculation.
PSCAD program only has the copying of electric system, for the further processing power of data deficiency of output; MATLAB program can be carried out programmed process to existing data according to user's demand, but needs other simulation software to provide emulated data for it.Therefore lack can simulation data data for existing software, can data be processed and then be obtained according to user's request again the ability of result.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of this invention is to provide the emulation mode of substation equipment safety analysis after a kind of extra-high voltage increase-volume, the method is furtherd investigate the impact of transformer station's one secondary device for complicated extra-high voltage environment, study in extra-high voltage by simulating analysis, the operating characteristic of main equipment under large load condition condition, and the operation control method of secondary device, further investigate on this basis the impact of complicated extra-high voltage environment on relay protection, guarantee the safe operation of main equipment and the correct control of secondary device, guarantee the safe and stable operation of extra-high voltage grid.
The object of the invention is to adopt following technical proposals to realize:
The invention provides the emulation mode of substation equipment safety analysis after a kind of extra-high voltage increase-volume, its improvements are, described method comprises the steps:
Step 1: adopt PSCAD to build equivalent network model according to the flow data of actual electric network, equivalent network model comprises load model, transmission line of alternation current model, generator model and transformer model;
Step 2: PSCAD equivalent network model is carried out to the emulation under stable situation and failure condition, obtain steady state voltage current data and superpotential, excess current data, analyze the running status of main equipment under stable state and under fault;
Step 3: use MATLAB software to read in superpotential, the excess current data under the various failure conditions of PSCAD output, the running status of Analysis of programming secondary device.
Further, in described step 1, described load model processing comprises: exert oneself and the mode processing of bearing the equivalent generator of situation that workload equates according to meritorious (1); (2) as three-phase, burden with power is processed, and three-phase burden with power value can produce fluctuation with busbar voltage, does not affect idle distribution;
Transmission line of alternation current model: adopt the PI model in PSCAD, PI model is lumped parameter model, utilizes the resistance of lumped parameter R, L, C analog line, perceptual effect and capacitive effect;
Generator model: in simulation process, adopt the three-phase voltage source model carrying in PSCAD as generator model, the subtranient reactance of given generator positive sequence and zero sequence, and give the expectation value of voltage and power in actual trend operation result and allow it automatically regulate;
Transformer model: electrical network carries out after dynamic equivalent, transformer is distributed in and retains between generator and 500kV bus nodes, and each winding voltage of transformer is phase voltage, and determines according to tap joint position voltage.
Further, in described step 2, in PSCAD equivalent network model respectively in district of transformer station, outside district, singlephase earth fault is set on end of incoming cables and bus, two-phase phase-to phase fault and three-phase ground fault, simulation calculation obtains electric current and voltage value, analyzes the running status of main equipment (transformer, isolating switch) under stable situation.
Further, in described step 3, the voltage and current measurement data that under the various malfunctions that obtain in the 2nd step, PSCAD emulation obtains are exported with text formatting, and use MATLAB programming to read in electric current and voltage data, carry out vector after Fourier transform and multiply each other, so make cut-off capacity curve analyze the each side isolating switch of main-transformer whether cut-off capacity out-of-limit;
The measurement data of all protections installation place under various failure conditions is exported with text formatting; then in conjunction with protective relaying device principle; write the algorithm routine of inlet wire, bus and transformer main protection; read in the data analysis of PSCAD output; make protection acting characteristic, can analyze secondary device (being mainly relay protection device) correct operation.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect that the present invention reaches is:
1, the present invention is based on adjacent substations equipment running status after PSCAD and the increase-volume of MATLAB associative simulation extra-high voltage, can give full play to the advantage separately of software, carry out the simulation and analysis of the security situation of transformer station's main equipment and secondary device after extra-high voltage increase-volume.For equipment configuration, on-the-spot operation provide management maintenance foundation, there is important directive significance.The present invention's analytical approach used, can realize the hybrid simulation analysis of the electric system to a region, has promotional value.
2, the present invention is directed to complicated extra-high voltage environment furthers investigate the impact of transformer station's one secondary device; study the operating characteristic of main equipment under extra-high voltage, large load condition condition by simulating analysis; and the operation control method of secondary device; further investigate on this basis the impact of complicated extra-high voltage environment on relay protection; guarantee the safe operation of main equipment and the correct control of secondary device, guarantee the safe and stable operation of extra-high voltage grid.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the emulation mode process flow diagram of substation equipment safety analysis after extra-high voltage increase-volume provided by the invention;
Fig. 2 is a kind of fault method to set up figure of transformer station in the PSCAD of being usually used in model provided by the invention;
Fig. 3 is the voltage waveform of Substation No.1 main-transformer under the steady-state operation after extra-high voltage increase-volume provided by the invention; Wherein (a) is high side voltage waveform; (b) be medium voltage side voltage waveform; (c) be low-pressure side voltage waveform;
Fig. 4 is three side voltage waveforms under Substation No.1 main-transformer medium voltage side A phase short circuit grounding fault after extra-high voltage increase-volume provided by the invention; Wherein (a ') be high side voltage waveform; (b ') be medium voltage side voltage waveform; (c ') be low-pressure side voltage waveform;
Fig. 5 is that the current comparison pilot protection performance plot that under A phase short circuit grounding fault, MATLAB makes occurs the circuit being connected with transformer station after extra-high voltage increase-volume provided by the invention;
Fig. 6 is that the distance protection performance plot that under A phase short circuit grounding fault, MATLAB makes occurs the circuit being connected with transformer station after extra-high voltage increase-volume provided by the invention;
Fig. 7 is that after extra-high voltage increase-volume provided by the invention, the current differential protection performance plot that under AB phase fault, MATLAB makes occurs Substation No.1 main-transformer medium voltage side.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
The sending end 500kV substation equipment security of the present invention after mainly for extra-high voltage increase-volume analyzed.First adopt PSCAD simulation analysis software build extra-high voltage sending end 500kV substation partial electric grid model, then system (is stopped to power transmission under various running statuses, fault outage) carry out simulation calculation, then calculation result data is imported in MATLAB emulation and processed, analyze transformer station's main equipment and secondary device safety in operation after extra-high voltage increase-volume.
After extra-high voltage increase-volume provided by the invention, the emulation mode process flow diagram of substation equipment safety analysis as shown in Figure 1, comprises the steps:
Step 1: adopt PSCAD to build equivalent network model according to the flow data of actual electric network, specifically comprise load model, transmission line of alternation current model, generator model and transformer model;
I, load model.The disposal route of load model has two, a kind of is that to exert oneself with bearing situation that workload equates equivalent be generator according to meritorious, process like this generator and will inevitably have idle output, can on generator bus, hang load or burden without work and absorb a part of reactive power, but still have a large amount of idle inflow systems, can impact the distribution of system load flow; The second is that burden with power is processed as three-phase, and like this its value will produce fluctuation with busbar voltage, but does not affect idle distribution.If it is little to bear workload place bus nodes change in voltage, can process according to the second way.From the result after equivalence, bearing workload mainly appears on boundary node and equivalent machine, and near the power supply of these nodes in dynamic equivalent system, the fluctuation of voltage magnitude is little, in the time that the fault to away from these nodes is carried out simulation analysis, have certain feasibility according to second method processing, realistic model is also more simplified.
II, transmission line of alternation current model.Adopt the PI model in PSCAD, this model is lumped parameter model, utilizes resistance and perception and the capacitive effect of lumped parameter R, L, C analog line.
III, transformer model.Electrical network carries out after dynamic equivalent, and transformer is distributed in and retains between generator and 500kV bus nodes.Each winding voltage of transformer is phase voltage, and should determine according to tap joint position voltage.
IV, generator model.In simulation process, can adopt the three-phase voltage source model carrying in PSCAD as generator model, the positive sequence of given generator and the subtranient reactance of zero sequence, and give voltage in actual trend operation result and the expectation value of power allows it automatically regulate.
Step 2: PSCAD model is carried out to the emulation under stable situation, obtain steady state voltage current data, analyze equipment running status under stable state; In institute's modeling respectively in district of transformer station, outside district, singlephase earth fault is set respectively on end of incoming cables and bus, two-phase phase-to phase fault and three-phase ground fault, simulation calculation obtains corresponding electric current and voltage value, analyzes the running status of main equipment.
As shown in Figure 1, built PSCAD model is carried out to the emulation under stable situation, obtain steady state voltage current data, thereby analyze respectively superpotential and the overcurrent situations of main equipment under stable situation; As shown in Figure 2, in institute's modeling respectively in district of transformer station, outside district, A phase earth fault is set respectively on end of incoming cables and bus, AB phase-to phase fault and ABC three-phase ground fault, emulation also obtains the electric current and voltage value under malfunction, analyzes the over-voltage condition of main equipment under various faults.
Step 3: the measurement data of electric current and voltage in PSCAD under various failure conditions is exported with text formatting.Then use MATLAB software programming algorithm routine, the data of reading in PSCAD output are determined the running status of main equipment and secondary device.
As shown in Figure 1, the voltage and current measurement data that under the various malfunctions that obtain in second step, PSCAD emulation obtains are exported with text formatting.Use MATLAB programming to read in electric current and voltage data, carry out Fourier transform after vector multiply each other, and then make cut-off capacity curve analyze the each side isolating switch of main-transformer whether cut-off capacity out-of-limit; The measurement data of all protections installation place under various failure conditions is exported with text formatting; then in conjunction with protective relaying device principle; use the algorithm routine of MATLAB software programming inlet wire, bus and transformer main protection; read in the data analysis of PSCAD output; make protection acting characteristic, can analyze it correct operation.
By above-mentioned implementation step, can the impact on transformer station's one secondary device by PSCAD and MATLAB hybrid simulation Analysis of Complex extra-high voltage environment, guarantee the safe operation of main equipment and the correct control of secondary device, guarantee the safe and stable operation of extra-high voltage grid.
Embodiment
The Equivalent Model of certain actual power station and region electrical network thereof after the extra-high voltage increase-volume that employing PSCAD builds.This model is carried out to the emulation under stable situation, obtain the voltage waveform of certain Substation No.1 main-transformer under the steady-state operation after extra-high voltage increase-volume as shown in Figure 3.Figure can obtain the instantaneous voltage value on transformer three side extension lines thus, gets the ratings that stable operation voltage is limited to 0.95 to 1.05 times up and down, and three side instantaneous voltage values are all within the scope of this, and transformer is in normal operating conditions.
This Substation No.1 main-transformer is arranged to medium voltage side A phase short circuit grounding fault, and its three sides voltage waveform as shown in Figure 4.The lower No. 1 main transformer three side phase voltage value of malfunction, all lower than 1.05 times of rated voltages, can guarantee the normal work of transformer.
There is A phase earth fault as example analysis circuit current comparison pilot protection and distance protection take certain circuit being connected with this transformer station.After circuit A phase fault, the fault data of PSCAD emulation gained is imported to MATLAB, programming is made current comparison pilot protection characteristic and is seen Fig. 5; A phase difference current, stalling current increase sharply to 50 kA; much larger than the differential starting current of minimum, the slope of differential-braking characteristic is close to 1, I simultaneously
d> 0.6I
r, the action of A phase current comparison pilot protection, and B, C biphase current characteristic and normal condition approach, protection can not be moved.
Equally see Fig. 6 by the distance protection characteristic that MATLAB makes this circuit, distance protection has phase-selecting function, therefore only need pay close attention to A phase earthmeter impedance.The A of transformer substation side measures mutually impedance (black curve) and has entered protection operating space, and A phase ground distance protection can move.Through simulation analysis, the main protection characteristic of other non-fault lines, 500kV bus, main-transformer all approaches with normal operating condition, there will not be misoperation situation.
There is AB phase fault as the protection of example analysis main transformer differential take this Substation No.1 main transformer medium voltage side.No. 1 main-transformer medium voltage side occurs after AB phase fault, and its current differential protection characteristic is shown in Fig. 7.After fault, the difference current of three-phase all significantly rises, and is greater than minimum starting current 0.4kA, and differential protection starts, and simultaneously ratio brake rate of curve approaches 1, is greater than setting valve 0.5, thus transformer differential protection can move, by failure removal.
Finally should be noted that: above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme of the present invention is not intended to limit, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to above-described embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that: still can modify or be equal to replacement the specific embodiment of the present invention, and do not depart from any modification of spirit and scope of the invention or be equal to replacement, it all should be encompassed in the middle of claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. an emulation mode for substation equipment safety analysis after extra-high voltage increase-volume, is characterized in that, described method comprises the steps:
Step 1: adopt PSCAD to build equivalent network model according to the flow data of actual electric network, equivalent network model comprises load model, transmission line of alternation current model, generator model and transformer model;
Step 2: PSCAD equivalent network model is carried out to the emulation under stable situation and failure condition, obtain steady state voltage current data and superpotential, excess current data, analyze the running status of main equipment under stable state and under fault;
Step 3: use MATLAB software to read in superpotential, the excess current data under the various failure conditions of PSCAD output, the running status of Analysis of programming secondary device.
2. emulation mode as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step 1, described load model processing comprises: exert oneself and the mode processing of bearing the equivalent generator of situation that workload equates according to meritorious (1); (2) as three-phase, burden with power is processed, and three-phase burden with power value can produce fluctuation with busbar voltage, does not affect idle distribution;
Transmission line of alternation current model: adopt the PI model in PSCAD, PI model is lumped parameter model, utilizes the resistance of lumped parameter R, L, C analog line, perceptual effect and capacitive effect;
Generator model: in simulation process, adopt the three-phase voltage source model carrying in PSCAD as generator model, the subtranient reactance of given generator positive sequence and zero sequence, and give the expectation value of voltage and power in actual trend operation result and allow it automatically regulate;
Transformer model: electrical network carries out after dynamic equivalent, transformer is distributed in and retains between generator and 500kV bus nodes, and each winding voltage of transformer is phase voltage, and determines according to tap joint position voltage.
3. emulation mode as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step 2, in PSCAD equivalent network model respectively in district of transformer station, outside district, singlephase earth fault is set on end of incoming cables and bus, two-phase phase-to phase fault and three-phase ground fault, simulation calculation obtains electric current and voltage value, analyzes the running status of main equipment under stable situation.
4. emulation mode as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step 3, the voltage and current measurement data that under the various malfunctions that obtain in the 2nd step, PSCAD emulation obtains are exported with text formatting, and use MATLAB programming to read in electric current and voltage data, carry out vector after Fourier transform and multiply each other, so make cut-off capacity curve analyze the each side isolating switch of main-transformer whether cut-off capacity out-of-limit;
The measurement data of all protections installation place under various failure conditions is exported with text formatting; then in conjunction with protective relaying device principle; write the algorithm routine of inlet wire, bus and transformer main protection; read in the data analysis of PSCAD output; make protection acting characteristic, can analyze secondary device correct operation.
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| CN111127987A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-05-08 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Simulation model for calculating transmission overvoltage of generator-transformer set in PSCAD (power system computer aided design) |
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