CN108241048B - Testing device and method for simulating salting-out of stratum salt solution - Google Patents
Testing device and method for simulating salting-out of stratum salt solution Download PDFInfo
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- 238000009938 salting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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Abstract
The invention provides a testing device and a method for simulating salting-out of a stratum salt solution, wherein the device comprises: the system comprises a salting observer, a formation simulator, a first intermediate container, a second intermediate container, a displacement pump, a first valve and a second valve; according to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the fluid ore can be injected into the salting-out observer from the first intermediate container through the displacement pump, so that the fluid ore in the exploitation well can be simulated; injecting the simulated salt solution from the second intermediate container into the salting-out observer through a displacement pump to simulate the formation salt solution in the production well; and then, the salting-out observer is decompressed, and the salting-out in the salting-out observer is observed, so that the occurrence of salting-out of a stratum salt solution in the exploitation process of the exploitation well can be simulated, and the later-stage scientific research is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas exploitation research, in particular to a testing device and method for simulating salting-out of a stratum salt solution.
Background
During the production of fluid ore (containing gas, steam, oil, fresh water, salt water, hot water and the like) in an oil and gas field, in order to obtain high yield, a fracturing fluid is generally needed to be used, and the fracturing fluid is driven into the bottom of the oil and gas field production well to supplement the formation water pressure so as to continuously produce the fluid ore. Specifically, a large number of gaps are formed in a reservoir around a fluid mine at the bottom of the oil and gas exploitation well, in the exploitation process of the oil and gas field, the pressure near the exploitation well can be gradually reduced, and a stratum salt solution composed of stratum saline water and fracturing fluid can be continuously supplemented to the gaps near the exploitation well, so that the pressure near the exploitation well is balanced, and the continuous exploitation efficiency of the fluid mine is ensured.
It has been found during the production of oil and gas fields that salt solutions in the formation salt solution salt salts salt under reduced pressure. Salting-out is the phenomenon of salt crystallization that results when the salinity of the formation water exceeds its solubility, due to evaporation of the formation water or external liquid caused by pressure drop, increasing the salinity of the formation water, causing a decrease in the solubility of the salt in the formation water. Salt crystal particles generated by salting out occupy partial pore space of a reservoir, the effective pore throat radius of the reservoir is reduced, and the permeability of the reservoir is reduced, so that the yield of the oil and gas well is reduced, and the oil and gas well can even be abandoned in severe cases. Therefore, the research on the occurrence of the salting-out of the formation salt solution has important significance for the development of oil and gas fields.
At present, the salting-out research at home and abroad mainly aims at the influence of salting-out on the permeability and porosity of a reservoir and the mechanism of salting-out generation, and the salting-out occurrence condition of a stratum salt solution is not researched.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a testing device and a testing method for simulating salting-out of a stratum salt solution, which are used for simulating the salting-out occurrence condition of the stratum salt solution in the exploitation process of an exploitation well so as to facilitate scientific research.
The invention provides a testing device for simulating salting-out of a stratum salt solution, which comprises:
the system comprises a salting observer, a formation simulator, a first intermediate container, a second intermediate container, a displacement pump, a first valve and a second valve;
the top of the salting-out observer is provided with a first through hole communicated with the inside, and the bottom of the salting-out observer is provided with a second through hole communicated with the inside; the top of the formation simulator is provided with a third port communicated with the inside, and the bottom of the formation simulator is provided with a fourth port communicated with the inside; a fifth port and a sixth port which are communicated with the inside are respectively arranged at the two ends of the first intermediate container; a seventh port and an eighth port which are communicated with the inside are respectively arranged at the two ends of the second intermediate container;
the first port is connected with the fifth port; the second port is connected with the third port, and the fourth port is connected with the seventh port; the sixth port and the eighth port are respectively connected with the displacement pump;
a first intermediate container for containing a fluid ore; the second intermediate container is used for accommodating simulated salt solution which is matched according to the substance content of the formation salt solution to be detected; the displacement pump is used for respectively pressurizing the first intermediate container and the second intermediate container; a first valve for controlling a passage between the first port of the salting-out observer and the displacement pump; and a second valve for controlling a passage between the second port of the salting-out observer and the displacement pump.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus further includes: and the heater is used for heating the fluid ore and the simulated salt solution.
In an embodiment of the invention, the first valve is located between the displacement pump and the sixth port; alternatively, the first valve is located between the first port and the fifth port.
In an embodiment of the invention, the second valve is located between the displacement pump and the eighth port; or the second valve is positioned between the fourth port and the seventh port; alternatively, the second valve is located between the second port and the third port.
In one embodiment of the invention, the first valve is located between the displacement pump and the sixth port, and the second valve is located between the displacement pump and the eighth port;
a third valve is arranged between the first port and the fifth port, a fourth valve is arranged between the fourth port and the seventh port, and a fifth valve is arranged between the second port and the third port.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the main pipeline of the displacement pump is connected to the first intermediate container through the first branch pipeline and connected to the second intermediate container through the second branch pipeline, respectively, the first valve is disposed on the first branch pipeline, and the second valve is disposed on the second branch pipeline; and a sixth valve is arranged on the main pipeline of the displacement pump.
The invention also provides a test method for simulating salting-out of a stratum salt solution, which is applied to the test device in any embodiment, and the method comprises the following steps:
injecting the fluid ore into a first intermediate container, simulating a saline solution according to the material content ratio of the stratum saline solution to be detected, and injecting the simulated saline solution into a second intermediate container;
opening a passage between a first port of the salting-out observer and the displacement pump, closing a passage between a second port of the salting-out observer and the displacement pump, and injecting the fluid ore from the first intermediate container into the salting-out observer at a first pressure through the displacement pump;
closing a passage between the first port and the displacement pump, opening a passage between the second port and the displacement pump, and injecting the simulated salt solution from the second intermediate container into the salting-out observer at a second pressure by the displacement pump, wherein the second pressure is greater than the first pressure;
the pressure of the salting-out observer was released, and the salting-out in the salting-out observer was observed.
In an embodiment of the present invention, before the pressure of the salting-out viewer is released and the salting-out inside the salting-out viewer is observed, the method further includes:
the fluid ore and the simulated salt solution are heated by a heater to a predetermined simulated temperature.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the decompressing the salting-out viewer specifically includes:
and opening a passage between the first port and the displacement pump, closing a passage between the second port and the displacement pump, and controlling the displacement pump to reduce the pressure so as to release the pressure of the salting-out observer.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the decompressing the salting-out viewer and observing the salting-out inside the salting-out viewer specifically include:
and (4) carrying out pressure relief step by step on the salting-out observer, and respectively observing the salting-out in the salting-out observer after the pressure relief step by step.
According to the testing device and method for simulating salting-out of the stratum salt solution, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the fluid ore can be injected into the salting-out observer from the first intermediate container through the displacement pump, so that the fluid ore in the exploitation well can be simulated; injecting the simulated salt solution from the second intermediate container into the salting-out observer through a displacement pump to simulate the formation salt solution in the production well; and then, the salting-out observer is decompressed, and the salting-out in the salting-out observer is observed, so that the occurrence of salting-out of a stratum salt solution in the exploitation process of the exploitation well can be simulated, and the later-stage scientific research is facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a testing apparatus for simulating salting out of a formation salt solution provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the testing apparatus for simulating salting out of a formation salt solution provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of the testing apparatus for simulating salting out of a formation salt solution provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a first embodiment of a method for simulating salting out of a formation salt solution provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a second embodiment of the method for simulating salting out of a formation salt solution provided by the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
100-salting-out viewer; 200-a formation simulator;
300-a first intermediate container; 400-a second intermediate container;
500-displacement pump; 700-a heater;
101-a first port; 102-a second port;
201-third port; 202-fourth port;
301-fifth through port; 302-sixth port;
401-seventh port; 402-an eighth port;
501-main pipeline; 502-a first branch line;
503-a second branch line;
601-a first valve; 602-a second valve;
603-a third valve; 604-a fourth valve;
605-a fifth valve; 606-sixth valve.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first testing apparatus for simulating salting out of a formation salt solution according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the testing apparatus according to the embodiment includes: a salting-out viewer 100, a formation simulator 200, a first intermediate container 300, a second intermediate container 400, a displacement pump 500, a first valve 601 and a second valve 602; the top of the salting-out viewer 100 is provided with a first through hole 101 communicated with the inside, and the bottom of the salting-out viewer 100 is provided with a second through hole 102 communicated with the inside; the top of the formation simulator 200 is provided with a third through hole 201 communicated with the inside, and the bottom of the formation simulator 200 is provided with a fourth through hole 202 communicated with the inside; a fifth port 301 and a sixth port 302 for communicating the interior are respectively arranged at two ends of the first intermediate container 300; a seventh port 401 and an eighth port 402 which communicate with the inside are respectively arranged at two ends of the second intermediate container 400; the first port 101 is connected with the fifth port 301; the second port 102 is connected with the third port 201, and the fourth port 202 is connected with the seventh port 401; the sixth port 302 and the eighth port 402 are connected to the displacement pump 500, respectively; a first intermediate container 300 for containing a fluid ore; a second intermediate container 400 for accommodating a simulated salt solution in a material content ratio according to the formation salt solution to be measured; a displacement pump 500 for pressurizing the inside of the first intermediate container 300 and the second intermediate container 400, respectively; a first valve 601 for controlling a passage between the first port 101 of the salting-out viewer 100 and the displacement pump 500; a second valve 602 for controlling the passage between the second port 102 of the salting-out viewer 100 and the displacement pump 500.
Specifically, the salting-out observer 100 has a transparent observation window, or a cylinder of the salting-out observer 100 is made of a transparent material, and an experimenter can observe the salting-out in the salting-out observer 100 through the observation window or the transparent cylinder. In addition, the salting-out observer 100 may further comprise a magnifying glass and an observation mirror, so that an experimenter can observe the liquid change in the cylinder of the salting-out observer 100 and salt crystal particles in the salting-out process.
The formation simulator 200 includes a pipe and a sand body located within the pipe, the sand body constituting a permeable layer. Wherein, the pipeline can be coiled into a cylindrical structure, and the third port 201 and the fourth port 202 are respectively positioned at the top and the bottom of the cylindrical structure.
The fluid ore contained in the first intermediate container 300 includes natural gas, oil, and the like. The simulated salt solution contained in the second intermediate container 400 is prepared according to the material content of the formation salt solution to be detected; the formation salt solution specifically comprises fracturing fluid and formation salt solution, and when the simulated salt solution is prepared, the prepared salt solution can be prepared according to the formation salt solution to be tested, and then the fracturing fluid and the prepared salt solution are mixed into the simulated salt solution according to a preset proportion.
The first valve 601 may be provided at any position on the piping between the salting viewer 100, the first intermediate container 300, and the displacement pump 500 to control the passage between the first port 101 of the salting viewer 100 and the displacement pump 500; the second valve 602 may be disposed at any position on the piping between the salting viewer 100, the formation simulator 200, the second intermediate container 400, and the displacement pump 500 to control the passage between the second port 102 of the salting viewer 100 and the displacement pump 500. Fig. 1 exemplifies an example in which a first valve 601 is provided between the first intermediate tank 300 and the displacement pump 500, and a second valve 602 is provided between the second intermediate tank 400 and the displacement pump 500.
In addition, the fifth port 301 and the sixth port 302 of the first intermediate container 300 have no vertical division, the positions of the two ports can be interchanged, and the displacement pump 500 can be connected with the fifth port 301 or the sixth port 302, which is only an exemplary illustration in fig. 1; the seventh and eighth ports 401 and 402 of the second intermediate container 400 are similar to the fifth and sixth ports 301 and 302 of the first intermediate container 300.
In specific implementation, the pressure resistance of the salting-out observer 100 can be 70MPa-200MPa, and the temperature resistance is 0-180 ℃; the pipeline in the stratum simulator 200 can adopt a high-pressure-resistant pipeline, and the pressure resistance of the pipeline can be 100MPa-200 MPa; the displacement pump 500 may be selected to have a maximum pressure of 200 Mpa.
In this embodiment, a specific method for testing the occurrence of salting-out of the formation salt solution by using a testing device for simulating salting-out of the formation salt solution is as follows: firstly, injecting fluid ore into a first intermediate container 300, simulating a saline solution according to the material content ratio of a stratum saline solution to be detected, and injecting the simulated saline solution into a second intermediate container 400; then opening the first valve 601, opening the passage between the first port 101 of the salting-out viewer 100 and the displacement pump 500, closing the second valve 602, blocking the passage between the second port 102 of the salting-out viewer 100 and the displacement pump 500, and injecting the fluid ore from the first intermediate container 300 into the salting-out viewer 100 through the displacement pump 500 at the first pressure to simulate the fluid ore in the production well; closing the first valve 601, blocking the passage between the first port 101 and the displacement pump 500, opening the second valve 602, opening the passage between the second port 102 and the displacement pump 500, and injecting the simulated salt solution from the second intermediate container 400 into the salting-out observer 100 through the displacement pump 500 at a second pressure to simulate the formation salt solution in the production well, wherein the second pressure is greater than the first pressure; and finally, the salting-out observer 100 is decompressed to simulate a depressurization exploitation process, and the salting-out inside the salting-out observer 100 is observed, so that the specific condition that the salt solution in the stratum at the bottom of the exploitation well is salted out in the exploitation process of the exploitation well can be simulated, and the scientific research is facilitated.
The testing device for simulating salting-out of the formation salt solution provided by the embodiment can inject the fluid ore into the salting-out observer from the first intermediate container through the displacement pump to simulate the fluid ore in the exploitation well; injecting the simulated salt solution from the second intermediate container into the salting-out observer through a displacement pump to simulate the formation salt solution in the production well; and then, the salting-out observer is decompressed, and the salting-out in the salting-out observer is observed, so that the occurrence of salting-out of a stratum salt solution in the exploitation process of the exploitation well can be simulated, and the later-stage scientific research is facilitated.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the testing apparatus for simulating salting out of a formation salt solution provided by the present invention, which is a further optimization supplement to the embodiment shown in fig. 1. As shown in fig. 2, on the basis of the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the testing apparatus provided in this embodiment further includes: the heater 700 is used for heating the fluid ore and the simulated salt solution so as to realize the simulated salting-out experiment at different high temperatures.
Specifically, the heater 700 has a temperature detector capable of detecting a heating temperature; the heater 700 also has a temperature adjustment device that can adjust the heating to different temperatures. In particular choices, a heater 700 heated up to 180 degrees may be selected, which can be suitable for most substrate temperature simulations.
In this embodiment, the heater 700 may employ an oven, a heating wire, or the like. The heater 700 may be installed inside or outside the salting viewer 100, or inside or outside the first and second intermediate containers 300 and 400, and the installation of the heater 700 outside the salting viewer 100 in fig. 2 is only an exemplary illustration and is not intended to limit the present invention.
In addition, as shown in the above embodiment, the positions of the first valve 601 and the second valve 602 can be placed at different positions in the test device pipeline, and different effects can be obtained. The position settings of the first valve 601 and the second valve 602, and the corresponding specific effects, are described in detail below.
First, the first valve 601 has two setting modes.
The first method comprises the following steps: the first valve 601 is located between the displacement pump 500 and the sixth port 302 of the first intermediate reservoir 300. When the first valve 601 is opened, the displacement pump 500 is communicated with the sixth port 302; when the first valve 601 is closed, the communication between the displacement pump 500 and the sixth port 302 is blocked. In the test experiment, the simulated salt solution is injected into the salting-out observer 100 from the second intermediate container 400 at the second pressure by the displacement pump 500, and since the second pressure is greater than the first pressure, the fluid ore located in the salting-out observer 100 can be displaced back to the first intermediate container 300, so that the first intermediate container 300 serves as a buffer container, thereby simulating the situation when the fluid ore has a buffer area.
And the second method comprises the following steps: the first valve 601 is located between the first port 101 of the salting-out viewer 100 and the fifth port 301 of the first intermediate container 300. When the first valve 601 is opened, the first port 101 is communicated with the fifth port 301; when the first valve 601 is closed, the communication between the first port 101 and the fifth port 301 is blocked. In the test experiment, a simulated salt solution is injected from the second intermediate container 400 into the salting-out viewer 100 at a second pressure by the displacement pump 500, which can be used to simulate the situation when the fluid mine is buffer-free.
Second, the second valve 602 has three settings.
The first method comprises the following steps: the second valve 602 is located between the displacement pump 500 and the eighth port 402 of the second intermediate container 400. When the second valve 602 is opened, the displacement pump 500 is communicated with the eighth port 402; when the second valve 602 is closed, communication between the displacement pump 500 and the eighth port 402 is blocked. In the test experiment, in the pressure release of the salting-out observer 100, a method of: the first valve 601 is opened, the second valve 602 is closed, and the displacement pump 500 is operated to reduce the pressure, so that the salting-out viewer 100 is depressurized. Then, in the pressure relief process, the salting-out observer 100, the formation simulator 200 and the second intermediate container 400 are sequentially communicated, and the second intermediate container 400 can be used as a buffer container, so that the situations of formation simulation and formation salt solution buffer can be simulated.
And the second method comprises the following steps: the second valve 602 is located between the fourth port 202 of the formation simulator 200 and the seventh port 401 of the second intermediate container 400. When the first valve 601 is opened, the fourth port 202 and the seventh port 401 are communicated; when the first valve 601 is closed, the communication between the fourth port 202 and the seventh port 401 is blocked. In the test experiment, the pressure release method described above was continuously used in the pressure release of the salting-out viewer 100. Then, during the depressurization, the salting-out viewer 100 communicates with the formation simulator 200, so that the situation in which the formation simulation exists can be simulated.
And the third is that: the second valve 602 is located between the second port 102 of the salting-out viewer 100 and the third port 201 of the formation simulator 200. When the second valve 602 is opened, the second port 102 is communicated with the third port 201; when the first valve 601 is closed, the communication between the second port 102 and the third port 201 is blocked. In the test experiment, the pressure release method described above was continuously used in the pressure release of the salting-out viewer 100. Then, during the pressure relief process, a situation where no formation simulation exists can be simulated.
In the testing device for simulating salting-out of the formation salt solution, the fluid ore and the simulated salt solution can be heated by the heater, so that the simulated salting-out experiments at different high temperatures can be realized; in addition, the first valve and the second valve can be arranged at different positions, so that salting-out experiment simulation under different situations can be realized.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of the testing apparatus for simulating salting out of a formation salt solution provided by the present invention, and the present embodiment is a specific implementation manner of the valve in the above embodiment. As shown in fig. 3, in the testing device provided in this embodiment, on the basis of the above embodiment, the first valve 601 is located between the displacement pump 500 and the sixth port 302, and the second valve 602 is located between the displacement pump 500 and the eighth port 402; a third valve 603 is arranged between the first port 101 and the fifth port 301, a fourth valve 604 is arranged between the fourth port 202 and the seventh port 401, and a fifth valve 605 is arranged between the second port 102 and the third port 201.
Specifically, in the embodiments shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the salting-out experiment simulation under different situations can be realized by changing the positions of the first valve 601 and the second valve 602. In this embodiment, the salting-out experiment simulation under different situations can be realized by opening or closing each valve.
For the case of the simulated fluid mine having a buffer area, before the simulated salt solution is injected into the salting-out viewer 100 from the second intermediate container 400 at the second pressure by the displacement pump 500, if the first valve 601 is closed and the third valve 603 is kept open, the case of the fluid mine having a buffer area can be simulated; if the third valve 603 is closed, the scenario can be simulated when the fluid mine is not buffer-free.
For the scenario of simulating the presence or absence of a formation simulation and formation salt solution buffering, in depressurizing salting-out viewer 100, the method may be employed: opening the first valve 601 and the third valve 603; the second valve 602 is closed and the fourth valve 604 and the fifth valve 605 are kept open, or the fourth valve 604 is closed and the fifth valve 605 is kept open or the fifth valve 605 is closed. If the second valve 602 is closed and the fourth valve 604 and the fifth valve 605 are kept open, the situations of formation simulation and formation salt solution buffer can be simulated; if the fourth valve 604 is closed and the fifth valve 605 is kept open, the situation of the existence of the formation simulation can be simulated; if the fifth valve 605 is closed, a situation where no formation simulation is present may be simulated.
In this embodiment, the displacement pump 500 may be connected to the first intermediate container 300 and the second intermediate container 400 by the following pipes: the main line 501 of the displacement pump 500 is connected to the first intermediate tank 300 via a first branch line 502 and to the second intermediate tank 400 via a second branch line 503, respectively, a first valve 601 being arranged on the first branch line 502 and a second valve 602 being arranged on the second branch line 503; further, a sixth valve 606 may be disposed on the main pipe 501 of the displacement pump 500 to control the on/off of the pipe.
The testing arrangement of simulation stratum salt solution salting out that this embodiment provided is provided with a plurality of valves on the pipeline between salting out viewer and the displacement pump to can conveniently control the break-make of pipeline.
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a first embodiment of the method for simulating salting out of a formation salt solution according to the present invention, which is applied to the testing apparatus according to any one of the above embodiments; as shown in fig. 4, the method provided by this embodiment includes:
s100, injecting the fluid ore into the first intermediate container 300, simulating a saline solution according to the material content ratio of the formation saline solution to be detected, and injecting the simulated saline solution into the second intermediate container 400.
In particular, the fluid reservoir may be based on the material from which the oil and gas field is to be produced, for example methane may be selected to simulate a natural gas field. Similarly, the formation salt solution needs to be determined according to the actual material content of the oil and gas production field. Certainly, for the convenience of proportioning, when the salt solution is simulated according to the substance content proportion of the formation salt solution to be measured, the proportioning is not necessarily completely the same as the actual numerical value and content.
S200, opening a passage between the first port 101 of the salting-out observer 100 and the displacement pump 500, closing a passage between the second port 102 of the salting-out observer 100 and the displacement pump 500, and injecting the fluid ore from the first intermediate container 300 into the salting-out observer 100 through the displacement pump 500 at the first pressure.
Specifically, if the test apparatus includes only the first valve 601 and the second valve 602, the passage between the first port 101 of the salting-out viewer 100 and the displacement pump 500 can be opened by opening the first valve 601, and the passage between the second port 102 of the salting-out viewer 100 and the displacement pump 500 can be closed by closing the second valve 602; if the first valve 601, the second valve 602, the third valve 603, the fourth valve 604 and the fifth valve 605 are included in the test apparatus, the passage between the first port 101 of the salting-out viewer 100 and the displacement pump 500 can be opened by opening the first valve 601 and the third valve 603, and the passage between the second port 102 of the salting-out viewer 100 and the displacement pump 500 can be closed by closing the second valve 602, the fourth valve 604 or the fifth valve 605; if the sixth valve 606 is also included in the testing device, the sixth valve 606 may remain normally open throughout the experiment. Wherein the first pressure is used to simulate the initial pressure, for example, the first pressure may be 10 MPa.
S300, closing the passage between the first port 101 and the displacement pump 500, opening the passage between the second port 102 and the displacement pump 500, and injecting the simulated salt solution from the second intermediate container 400 into the salting-out observer 100 through the displacement pump 500 at the second pressure.
Wherein the second pressure is greater than the first pressure, and the second pressure is used to simulate the pressure of the formation salt solution, for example, the second pressure may be 40 MPa.
Specifically, if the test apparatus includes only the first valve 601 and the second valve 602, the passage between the first port 101 of the salting-out viewer 100 and the displacement pump 500 may be closed by closing the first valve 601, and the passage between the second port 102 of the salting-out viewer 100 and the displacement pump 500 may be opened by opening the second valve 602; if the first valve 601, the second valve 602, the third valve 603, the fourth valve 604 and the fifth valve 605 are included in the test apparatus, the passage between the first port 101 of the salting-out viewer 100 and the displacement pump 500 can be closed by closing the first valve 601 or the third valve 603, and the passage between the second port 102 of the salting-out viewer 100 and the displacement pump 500 can be opened by opening the second valve 602, the fourth valve 604 and the fifth valve 605.
S400, pressure relief is carried out on the salting-out observer 100, and salting-out inside the salting-out observer 100 is observed.
Specifically, the passage between the first port 101 and the displacement pump 500 is opened, the passage between the second port 102 and the displacement pump 500 is closed, and the displacement pump 500 is operated to reduce the pressure, so that the salting-out observer 100 is depressurized. The specific method of opening the passage between the first port 101 and the displacement pump 500 and closing the passage between the second port 102 and the displacement pump 500 can be referred to as step S200, and the corresponding effects can be referred to in the above device embodiment.
In addition, in the oil field exploitation, the fluid ore is continuously conveyed to the ground, so that the pressure of the fluid ore at the bottom of the well is gradually reduced, the situation at the bottom of the well is simulated through pressure relief, and an experimenter can observe whether the salting-out phenomenon occurs inside the salting-out observer 100 or not and the change situation of the salting-out phenomenon in the pressure relief process.
In the test method for simulating salting-out of the formation salt solution provided by the embodiment, the fluid ore is injected into the salting-out observer from the first intermediate container through the displacement pump, so that the fluid ore in the exploitation well can be simulated; injecting the simulated salt solution from the second intermediate container into the salting-out observer through a displacement pump, so that the formation salt solution in the production well can be simulated; then, the salting-out observer is decompressed, and the salting-out in the salting-out observer is observed, so that the occurrence of salting-out of a stratum salt solution in the exploitation process of the simulated exploitation well is realized, and the later-stage scientific research is facilitated.
Fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a second embodiment of the method for simulating salting out of a formation salt solution provided by the present invention, which is a further optimization supplement to the embodiment shown in fig. 4. As shown in fig. 5, in the present embodiment, in addition to the embodiment shown in fig. 4, before the step S400 of decompressing the salting-out observer 100 and observing the salting-out inside the salting-out observer 100, the method further includes:
and S500, heating the fluid ore and the simulated salt solution to a preset simulated temperature through a heater 700.
In this embodiment, when the heater 700 is used to heat the fluid ore and the simulated salt solution, the heating predetermined simulated temperature may be determined according to the simulated formation scenario. After the heating temperature is stabilized, the next step may be performed to depressurize the salting-out viewer 100.
It should be noted that there is no strict timing relationship between step S500 and steps S100-S300, and it is only necessary to execute step S400 before.
In this embodiment, in the specific implementation step S400, when the salting-out observer 100 is depressurized and the salting-out in the salting-out observer 100 is observed, the salting-out observer 100 may be depressurized step by step, and the salting-out in the salting-out observer 100 after depressurization step by step is observed respectively, so as to know the salting-out occurrence conditions under different pressures.
Specifically, for example, the pressure in the salting-out viewer 100 is reduced to 40MPa, 35MPa, 30MPa, 25MPa, 20MPa, 15MPa, 10MPa, and 5MPa in this order, and the salting-out viewing can be performed under 40MPa, 35MPa, 30MPa, 25MPa, 20MPa, 15MPa, 10MPa, and 5 MPa.
In addition, after the pressure of the salting-out observer 100 is released to a predetermined value, the salting-out in the salting-out observer 100 can be observed for a plurality of time periods to know the salting-out variation in different time periods.
According to the method for testing salting out of the simulated formation salt solution, the fluid ore and the simulated salt solution can be heated through the heater, so that a simulated salting out experiment at different high temperatures can be realized; in addition, the salting-out observer is decompressed step by step, and salting-out in the salting-out observer after decompression step by step is observed respectively, so that salting-out occurrence conditions under different pressures can be known, and scientific research is facilitated.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A test device for simulating salting out of a formation salt solution, comprising:
the system comprises a salting observer, a formation simulator, a first intermediate container, a second intermediate container, a displacement pump, a first valve and a second valve;
the top of the salting-out observer is provided with a first through hole communicated with the inside, and the bottom of the salting-out observer is provided with a second through hole communicated with the inside; the top of the formation simulator is provided with a third port communicated with the inside, and the bottom of the formation simulator is provided with a fourth port communicated with the inside; a fifth port and a sixth port which are communicated with the inside are respectively arranged at the two ends of the first intermediate container; a seventh port and an eighth port which are communicated with the inside are respectively arranged at two ends of the second intermediate container;
the first through opening is connected with the fifth through opening; the second port is connected with the third port, and the fourth port is connected with the seventh port; the sixth port and the eighth port are respectively connected with the displacement pump;
the first intermediate container for containing a fluid ore; the second intermediate container is used for accommodating simulated salt solution which is prepared according to the substance content of the formation salt solution to be detected; the displacement pump for pressurizing the first and second intermediate containers, respectively, to inject the fluid ore from the first intermediate container into the salting viewer by a first pressure and to inject the simulated salt solution from the second intermediate container into the salting viewer by a second pressure, wherein the second pressure is greater than the first pressure; the first valve is used for controlling a passage between a first port of the salting-out observer and the displacement pump; the second valve is used for controlling a passage between a second port of the salting-out observer and the displacement pump;
the test device further comprises: a heater for heating the fluid ore and the simulated salt solution; the heater is provided with a temperature detector and a temperature adjusting device, the temperature detector is used for detecting the heating temperature, and the temperature adjusting device is used for adjusting the heating temperature; the heater can heat up to 180 degrees;
wherein the first valve is located between the displacement pump and the sixth port; or, the first valve is located between the first port and the fifth port;
wherein the second valve is located between the displacement pump and the eighth port; alternatively, the second valve is located between the fourth port and the seventh port; alternatively, the second valve is located between the second port and the third port;
wherein, work as the first valve is located the displacement pump with between the sixth opening, the second valve is located the displacement pump with when between the eighth opening, first opening with be provided with the third valve between the fifth opening, the fourth opening with be provided with the fourth valve between the seventh opening, the second opening with be provided with the fifth valve between the third opening.
2. The testing device of claim 1, wherein when the first valve is positioned between the displacement pump and the sixth port, the second valve is positioned between the displacement pump and the eighth port, and a third valve is positioned between the first port and the fifth port, a fourth valve is positioned between the fourth port and the seventh port, and a fifth valve is positioned between the second port and the third port,
the main pipeline of the displacement pump is respectively connected with the first intermediate container through a first branch pipeline and connected with the second intermediate container through a second branch pipeline, the first valve is arranged on the first branch pipeline, and the second valve is arranged on the second branch pipeline; and a sixth valve is arranged on the main pipeline of the displacement pump.
3. A test method for simulating salting out of a salt solution in a formation, applied to the test device of any one of claims 1-2, comprising:
injecting fluid ore into a first intermediate container, simulating a saline solution according to the material content ratio of the stratum saline solution to be detected, and injecting the simulated saline solution into a second intermediate container;
opening a passage between a first port of a salting-out observer and a displacement pump, closing a passage between a second port of the salting-out observer and the displacement pump, and injecting fluid ore from the first intermediate container into the salting-out observer at a first pressure by the displacement pump;
closing a passage between the first port and the displacement pump, opening a passage between the second port and the displacement pump, and injecting the simulated salt solution from the second intermediate container into the salting-out observer by the displacement pump at a second pressure, the second pressure being greater than the first pressure;
decompressing the salting-out observer, and observing salting-out inside the salting-out observer;
before the depressurizing the salting-out viewer and the observing the salting-out inside the salting-out viewer, the method further comprises:
heating the fluid ore and the simulated salt solution to a preset simulated temperature through a heater; the heater is provided with a temperature detector and a temperature adjusting device, the temperature detector is used for detecting the heating temperature, and the temperature adjusting device is used for adjusting the heating temperature; the heater can heat up to 180 degrees;
wherein the first valve is located between the displacement pump and the sixth port; or, the first valve is located between the first port and the fifth port;
wherein the second valve is located between the displacement pump and the eighth port; alternatively, the second valve is located between the fourth port and the seventh port; alternatively, the second valve is located between the second port and the third port;
wherein, work as the first valve is located the displacement pump with between the sixth opening, the second valve is located the displacement pump with when between the eighth opening, first opening with be provided with the third valve between the fifth opening, the fourth opening with be provided with the fourth valve between the seventh opening, the second opening with be provided with the fifth valve between the third opening.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the depressurizing the salting-out viewer comprises:
opening a passage between the first port and the displacement pump, closing a passage between the second port and the displacement pump, and controlling the displacement pump to reduce the pressure so that the salting-out observer releases the pressure.
5. The method according to claim 3, wherein the step of decompressing the salting-out viewer and observing the salting-out inside the salting-out viewer comprises:
and step-by-step pressure relief is carried out on the salting-out observer, and salting-out in the salting-out observer after the step-by-step pressure relief is respectively observed.
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