CN108239516B - 一种高强度免底涂单组份聚氨酯风挡玻璃胶及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种高强度免底涂单组份聚氨酯风挡玻璃胶及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108239516B CN108239516B CN201810001848.4A CN201810001848A CN108239516B CN 108239516 B CN108239516 B CN 108239516B CN 201810001848 A CN201810001848 A CN 201810001848A CN 108239516 B CN108239516 B CN 108239516B
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- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- QQQSFSZALRVCSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[SiH](OCC)OCC QQQSFSZALRVCSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种高强度免底涂单组份聚氨酯风挡玻璃胶及其制备方法,玻璃胶由包括聚氨酯预聚物30~50份,增塑剂10~30份,填料10~30份,炭黑10~30份,吸水剂0.2~2份,合成偶联剂0.2~2份和催化剂0.01~1份的原料制得;聚氨酯预聚物由聚醚多元醇、增粘树脂与异氰酸酯反应制得,增粘树脂选自松香树脂及其衍生物、萜烯树脂及其衍生物、氢化石油树脂及其衍生物、酚醛树脂及其衍生物、二甲苯树脂及其衍生物、古马龙树脂及其衍生物和甲酮树脂及其衍生物中的一种或多种;合成偶联剂由异氰酸酯与硅烷类化合物反应制得;催化剂选自含锡催化剂和/或叔胺催化剂。玻璃胶免底涂粘接、具有较高粘接强度。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及单组份聚氨酯风挡玻璃胶技术领域,尤其涉及一种高强度免底涂单组份的聚氨酯风挡玻璃胶及其制备方法。
背景技术
单组份聚氨酯风挡玻璃胶是以异氰酸酯(NCO)基团封端的聚合物为主体有效成分,配以增塑剂、填料、催化剂、助剂的聚氨酯胶粘剂。特指用于汽车前后风挡玻璃、侧窗玻璃、天窗玻璃或者其他玻璃组件粘接的单组份聚氨酯胶。
专利申请号200510102933.2中公开了一种直接粘接型聚氨酯密封胶,所采用的偶联剂均为商业化的硅烷偶联剂,该类偶联剂的直接添加会影响聚氨酯风挡玻璃胶的固化强度。专利申请号200710053718.7、专利申请号CN00804626,专利申请号201180064733.6公开的聚合物均未达到免底涂的效果。
由于NCO基团对玻璃、油墨玻璃、车身油漆等基材粘接力欠佳,市场上基本通过两种方案解决对各种基材的粘接需求:1、采用基材专用的底涂剂,该方法粘接效果好,但是需要增加汽车厂的施工工序,并且底涂的溶剂挥发存在影响工人身体健康的不利影响;2、在聚氨酯胶中增加增粘剂如硅烷偶联剂可以提高对各种基材的粘接力,但硅烷偶联剂的添加会降低聚氨酯胶本身的强度,因此目前市场上的免底涂单组份聚氨酯风挡玻璃胶均属于中等强度产品,一般拉伸剪切强度在2.5~4MPa,无法满足汽车厂的技术指标要求(拉伸剪切强度在4~5MPa及以上),只能适用于售后市场;3、对于车身油漆面的粘接,由于油漆种类繁多,软硬度差别多,也需要在配方中添加特别的增粘剂才能起到免底涂的粘接效果。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明的目的在于提供一种高强度免底涂单组份聚氨酯风挡玻璃胶及其制备方法,该聚氨酯风挡玻璃胶免底涂粘接,且具有较高的粘接强度。
本发明提供了一种聚氨酯风挡玻璃胶,以重量份数计,由包括以下组分的原料制得:
聚氨酯预聚物30~50份,增塑剂10~30份,填料10~30份,炭黑10~30份,吸水剂0.2~2份,合成偶联剂0.2~2份和催化剂0.01~1份;
所述聚氨酯预聚物由聚醚多元醇、增粘树脂与第一异氰酸酯反应制得,所述增粘树脂选自松香树脂、松香树脂衍生物、萜烯树脂、萜烯树脂衍生物、氢化石油树脂、氢化石油树脂衍生物、酚醛树脂、酚醛树脂衍生物、二甲苯树脂、二甲苯树脂衍生物、古马龙树脂、古马龙树脂衍生物、甲酮树脂和甲酮树脂衍生物中的一种或多种;
所述合成偶联剂由第二异氰酸酯与硅烷类化合物反应制得;所述硅烷类化合物选自仲氨基硅烷化合物和/或巯基硅烷化合物;
所述催化剂选自含锡催化剂和/或叔胺催化剂。
优选地,所述含锡催化剂选自二月桂酸二辛基锡、二月桂酸二丁基锡、二月桂酸二甲基锡、辛酸亚锡、丁基氧化锡和辛基氧化锡中的一种或多种;
所述叔胺催化剂选自N,N-二甲基环己胺、双(2-二甲氨基乙基)醚、双吗啉二乙基醚、N,N,N',N'-四甲基亚烷基二胺、三乙胺和N,N-二甲基苄胺中的一种或多种。
优选地,所述聚醚多元醇选自聚醚二元醇和/或聚醚三元醇;
所述聚醚二元醇的分子量为1000~4000g/mol,羟值为28~112mgKOH/g;
所述聚醚三元醇的分子量为3000~6000g/mol,羟值为28~56mgKOH/g。
优选地,所述聚醚多元醇、增粘树脂与第一异氰酸酯的质量比为100:2~10:5~20。
优选地,所述仲氨基硅烷化合物选自双-(γ-三甲氧基甲硅烷基丙基)胺、N-苯基-γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、N-苯基-γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷、N-丁基-γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、N-丁基-γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷、N-乙基-3-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷和N-乙基-3-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷中的一种或多种;
所述巯基硅烷化合物选自γ-巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷和/或γ-巯丙基三乙氧基硅烷。
优选地,所述增塑剂选自烷基磺酸酯、邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯、邻苯二甲酸二异癸酯、邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯、磷酸三甲苯酯和磷酸三辛酯中的一种或多种;
所述填料选自二氧化硅、重质碳酸钙、滑石粉、粘土、有机膨润土、氢化蓖麻油和硫酸钡中的一种或多种。
优选地,所述炭黑选自气炉法炭黑、油炉法炭黑、油汽炉法炭黑、热裂法炭黑和乙炔炭黑中的一种或多种;
所述吸水剂选自烷基磺酸异氰酸酯、氧化钙和分子筛中的一种或多种。
优选地,所述第一异氰酸酯选自甲苯二异氰酸酯、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、1,4-亚苯基二异氰酸酯、多亚甲基多亚苯基多异氰酸酯、二甲苯苯二异氰酸酯、四甲基亚二甲苯基二异氰酸酯、联甲苯胺二异氰酸酯、1,5-萘二异氰酸酯、三苯基甲烷三异氰酸酯、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、三甲基六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、赖氨酸二异氰酸酯、降冰片烷二异氰酸酯、反式环己烷-1,4-二异氰酸酯、异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯、双(异氰酸酯基甲基)环己烷和二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯中的一种或多种;
所述第二异氰酸酯选自甲苯二异氰酸酯、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯三聚体、二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯、二甲苯苯二异氰酸酯和甲苯二异氰酸酯三聚体中的一种或多种。
本发明提供了一种上述技术方案所述聚氨酯风挡玻璃胶的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
将聚醚多元醇和增粘树脂混合脱水后再和第一异氰酸酯混合,反应,得到聚氨酯预聚物;
将聚氨酯预聚物、增塑剂、吸水剂、填料和炭黑在真空条件下混合均匀,真空度不低于980bar条件下加入合成偶联剂和催化剂,混合均匀,得到聚氨酯风挡玻璃胶。
优选地,所述聚醚多元醇和增粘树脂脱水的温度为110~130℃;脱水的时间为1.5~2.5h;
所述反应的温度为75~90℃;所述反应的时间为2~6h。
本发明提供了一种聚氨酯风挡玻璃胶,以重量份数计,由包括以下组分的原料制得:聚氨酯预聚物30~50份,增塑剂10~30份,填料10~30份,炭黑10~30份,吸水剂0.2~2份,合成偶联剂0.2~2份和催化剂0.01~1份;所述聚氨酯预聚物由聚醚多元醇、增粘树脂与第一异氰酸酯反应制得,所述增粘树脂选自松香树脂、松香树脂衍生物、萜烯树脂、萜烯树脂衍生物、氢化石油树脂、氢化石油树脂衍生物、酚醛树脂、酚醛树脂衍生物、二甲苯树脂、二甲苯树脂衍生物、古马龙树脂、古马龙树脂衍生物、甲酮树脂和甲酮树脂衍生物中的一种或多种;所述合成偶联剂由第二异氰酸酯与硅烷类化合物反应制得;所述硅烷类化合物选自仲氨基硅烷化合物和/或巯基硅烷化合物;所述催化剂选自含锡催化剂和/或叔胺催化剂。本发明提供的单组份聚氨酯风挡玻璃胶在特定原料制备的聚氨酯类预聚物、特定原料制备的合成偶联剂、特定种类的催化剂及其它组分的协同作用下,使其能够达到对玻璃面的免底涂粘接;且具有较高的粘接强度。实验结果表明:聚氨酯风挡玻璃胶无需使用底涂剂能够实现对玻璃的粘接;粘接时拉伸剪切强度为4.8~6.7MPa;白玻玻璃粘贴性均达到100%CF;油墨玻璃粘接性达到100%CF;车身油漆粘接性为100%CF。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了一种聚氨酯风挡玻璃胶,以重量份数计,由包括以下组分的原料制得:
聚氨酯预聚物30~50份,增塑剂10~30份,填料10~30份,炭黑10~30份,吸水剂0.2~2份,合成偶联剂0.2~2份和催化剂0.01~1份;
所述聚氨酯预聚物由聚醚多元醇、增粘树脂与第一异氰酸酯反应制得,所述增粘树脂选自松香树脂、松香树脂衍生物、萜烯树脂、萜烯树脂衍生物、氢化石油树脂、氢化石油树脂衍生物、酚醛树脂、酚醛树脂衍生物、二甲苯树脂、二甲苯树脂衍生物、古马龙树脂、古马龙树脂衍生物、甲酮树脂和甲酮树脂衍生物中的一种或多种;
所述合成偶联剂由第二异氰酸酯与硅烷类化合物反应制得;所述硅烷类化合物选自仲氨基硅烷化合物和/或巯基硅烷化合物;
所述催化剂选自含锡催化剂和/或叔胺催化剂。
本发明提供的单组份聚氨酯风挡玻璃胶在特定原料制备的聚氨酯类预聚物、特定原料制备的合成偶联剂、特定种类的催化剂及其它组分的协同作用下,使其能够达到对玻璃面的免底涂粘接;且具有较高的粘接强度。
本发明提供的聚氨酯风挡玻璃胶以重量份数计,原料包括聚氨酯预聚物30~50份。在本发明中,所述聚氨酯预聚物由聚醚多元醇、增粘树脂与第一异氰酸酯反应制得。
在本发明中,所述聚醚多元醇优选选自聚醚二元醇和/或聚醚三元醇;
所述聚醚二元醇的分子量优选为1000~4000g/mol,更优选为2000~3000g/mol,最优选为2000g/mol;羟值优选为28~112mgKOH/g,更优选为37.3~56mgKOH/g,最优选为56mgKOH/g;
所述聚醚三元醇的分子量优选为3000~6000g/mol,更优选为4500~6000g/mol;羟值优选为28~56mgKOH/g,更优选为33.6~37.3mgKOH/g。
在本发明的具体实施例中,所述聚醚多元醇为分子量5000g/mol的聚醚三元醇、分子量6000g/mol的聚醚三元醇和分子量为2000g/mol的聚醚二元醇中的一种或多种。
所述增粘树脂选自松香树脂、松香树脂衍生物、萜烯树脂、萜烯树脂衍生物、氢化石油树脂、氢化石油树脂衍生物、酚醛树脂、酚醛树脂衍生物、二甲苯树脂、二甲苯树脂衍生物、古马龙树脂、古马龙树脂衍生物、甲酮树脂和甲酮树脂衍生物中的一种或多种;更优选选自松香树脂、丙烯酸改性松香、松香酚、聚合松香、歧化松香、氢化松香、松香金属盐和松香二醇酯中的一种或多种;最优选选自松香二醇酯。
所述第一异氰酸酯优选选自芳香族多异氰酸酯、脂肪族多异氰酸酯和脂环式多异氰酸酯中的一种或多种;更优选选自甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)、1,4-亚苯基二异氰酸酯、多亚甲基多亚苯基多异氰酸酯、二甲苯苯二异氰酸酯(XDI)、四甲基亚二甲苯基二异氰酸酯(TMXDI)、联甲苯胺二异氰酸酯(TODI)、1,5-萘二异氰酸酯(NDI)、三苯基甲烷三异氰酸酯、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)、三甲基六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(TMHDI)、赖氨酸二异氰酸酯、降冰片烷二异氰酸酯(NBDI)、反式环己烷-1,4-二异氰酸酯、异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、双(异氰酸酯基甲基)环己烷(H6XDI)和二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯(H12MDI)中的一种或多种,所述甲苯二异氰酸酯优选选自2,4-甲苯二异氰酸酯(2,4-TDI)和/或2,6-甲苯二异氰酸酯(2,6-TDI),所述二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯优选选自4,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(4,4’-MDI)和/或2,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(2,4’-MDI);最优选选自4,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(4,4’-MDI)和/或2,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(2,4’-MDI);最最优选选自4,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(4,4’-MDI)。
在本发明中,所述聚醚多元醇、增粘树脂与第一异氰酸酯的质量比优选为100:2~10:5~20。
所述聚醚多元醇、增粘树脂与第一异氰酸酯优选在催化剂的存在下进行反应;为了区分风挡玻璃胶的原料采用的催化剂,将聚氨酯预聚物制备采用的催化剂命名为第一催化剂;所述第一催化剂优选选自二月桂酸二辛基锡、二月桂酸二丁基锡、二月桂酸二甲基锡、辛酸亚锡、氧化二丁基锡和氧化二辛基锡中的一种或多种,更优选选自二月桂酸二丁基锡、氧化二丁基锡和二月桂酸二辛基锡中的一种或多种。所述第一催化剂与聚醚多元醇的质量比优选为0.01~0.05:100。
本发明提供的聚氨酯风挡玻璃胶的制备原料包括增塑剂10~30份。所述增塑剂优选选自烷基磺酸酯、邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯、邻苯二甲酸二异癸酯、邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯、磷酸三甲苯酯和磷酸三辛酯中的一种或多种;更优选选自邻苯二甲酸二异癸酯和/或邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯。
本发明提供的聚氨酯风挡玻璃胶的制备原料包括填料10~30份。所述填料优选选自二氧化硅、重质碳酸钙、滑石粉、粘土、有机膨润土、氢化蓖麻油和硫酸钡中的一种或多种;更优选选自重质碳酸钙、滑石粉和粘土中的一种或多种。
本发明提供的聚氨酯风挡玻璃胶的制备原料包括炭黑10~30份。所述炭黑优选选自气炉法炭黑、油炉法炭黑、油汽炉法炭黑、热裂法炭黑和乙炔炭黑中的一种或多种,更优选选自油汽炉法炭黑。
本发明提供的聚氨酯风挡玻璃胶的制备原料包括吸水剂0.2~2份。所述吸水剂优选选自烷基磺酸异氰酸酯、氧化钙和分子筛中的一种或多种。
本发明提供的聚氨酯风挡玻璃胶的制备原料包括合成偶联剂0.2~2份。所述合成偶联剂由第二异氰酸酯与硅烷类化合物反应制得;所述硅烷类化合物选自仲氨基硅烷化合物和/或巯基硅烷化合物。在本发明中,所述第二异氰酸酯优选选自甲苯二异氰酸酯、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯三聚体、二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯、二甲苯苯二异氰酸酯和甲苯二异氰酸酯三聚体中的一种或多种,更优选选自六亚甲基二异氰酸酯三聚体和/或甲苯二异氰酸酯三聚体。
所述仲氨基硅烷化合物优选选自双-(γ-三甲氧基甲硅烷基丙基)胺、N-苯基-γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、N-苯基-γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷、N-丁基-γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、N-丁基-γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷、N-乙基-3-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷和N-乙基-3-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷中的一种或多种;
所述巯基硅烷化合物优选选自γ-巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷和/或γ-巯丙基三乙氧基硅烷。
所述第二异氰酸酯与硅烷类化合物的质量比优选为1:0.8~2.0。所述第二异氰酸酯与硅烷类化合物反应的温度优选为50~70℃;所述第二异氰酸酯与硅烷类化合物反应的时间优选为1~4h。
本发明提供的聚氨酯风挡玻璃胶的制备原料包括催化剂0.01~1份。为了区分第一催化剂,此处命名为第二催化剂;所述第二催化剂优选选自含锡催化剂和/或叔胺催化剂;所述含锡催化剂优选选自选自二月桂酸二辛基锡、二月桂酸二丁基锡、二月桂酸二甲基锡、辛酸亚锡、丁基氧化锡和辛基氧化锡中的一种或多种。所述叔胺催化剂优选选自N,N-二甲基环己胺、双(2-二甲氨基乙基)醚、双吗啉二乙基醚、N,N,N',N'-四甲基亚烷基二胺、三乙胺和N,N-二甲基苄胺中的一种或多种。
在本发明具体实施例中,所述聚氨酯风挡玻璃胶的制备原料包括:
聚氨酯预聚物30份、增塑剂30份、填料10份、炭黑30份、吸水剂0.2份、合成偶联剂1份、锡类催化剂0.01份;
或聚氨酯预聚物30份、增塑剂30份、填料10份、炭黑30份、吸水剂0.5份、合成偶联剂2份、锡类催化剂0.2份和叔胺类催化剂0.2份;
或聚氨酯预聚物30份、增塑剂30份、填料10份、炭黑30份、吸水剂1份、合成偶联剂0.2份、锡类催化剂0.2份和叔胺类催化剂0.2份;
或聚氨酯预聚物30份、增塑剂30份、填料10份、炭黑30份、吸水剂0.5份、合成偶联剂1份、锡类催化剂0.5份和叔胺类催化剂0.5份;
或聚氨酯预聚物40份、增塑剂20份、填料20份、炭黑20份、吸水剂2份、合成偶联剂1份和锡类催化剂0.01份;
或聚氨酯预聚物40份、增塑剂20份、填料20份、炭黑20份、吸水剂0.5份、合成偶联剂2份、锡类催化剂0.2份和叔胺类催化剂0.2份;
或聚氨酯预聚物40份、增塑剂20份、填料20份、炭黑20份、吸水剂1份、合成偶联剂0.2份、锡类催化剂0.2份和叔胺类催化剂0.2份;
或聚氨酯预聚物40份、增塑剂20份、填料20份、炭黑20份、吸水剂0.5份、合成偶联剂1份、锡类催化剂0.5份和叔胺类催化剂0.5份;
或聚氨酯预聚物40份、增塑剂20份、填料20份、炭黑20份、吸水剂1份、合成偶联剂2份、锡类催化剂0.5份和叔胺类催化剂0.5份;
或聚氨酯预聚物50份、增塑剂10份、填料30份、炭黑10份、吸水剂2份、合成偶联剂1份和锡类催化剂0.01份;
或聚氨酯预聚物50份、增塑剂10份、填料30份、炭黑10份、吸水剂0.5份、合成偶联剂2份、锡类催化剂0.2份和叔胺类催化剂0.2份;
或聚氨酯预聚物50份、增塑剂10份、填料30份、炭黑10份、吸水剂1份、合成偶联剂0.2份、锡类催化剂0.2份和叔胺类催化剂0.2份;
或聚氨酯预聚物50份、增塑剂10份、填料30份、炭黑10份、吸水剂0.5份、合成偶联剂1份、锡类催化剂0.5份和叔胺类催化剂0.5份;
或聚氨酯预聚物50份、增塑剂10份、填料30份、炭黑10份、吸水剂1份、合成偶联剂2份、锡类催化剂0.5份和叔胺类催化剂0.5份。
本发明提供了一种上述技术方案所述聚氨酯风挡玻璃胶的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
将聚醚多元醇和增粘树脂混合脱水后再和第一异氰酸酯混合,反应,得到聚氨酯预聚物;
将聚氨酯预聚物、增塑剂、吸水剂、填料和炭黑在真空条件下混合均匀,真空度不低于980bar条件下加入合成偶联剂和催化剂,混合均匀,得到聚氨酯风挡玻璃胶。
本发明优选将醚多元醇和增粘树脂混合脱水后再和第一异氰酸酯混合,反应,得到聚氨酯预聚物。
在本发明中,所述聚醚多元醇和增粘树脂脱水的温度优选为110~130℃;脱水的时间优选为1.5~2.5h;
聚醚多元醇和增粘树脂混合脱水后再和第一异氰酸酯混合后反应的温度优选为75~90℃;反应的时间优选为2~6h。在本发明的具体实施例中,所述反应的温度具体为75℃、90℃或85℃;时间具体为2h、4h或6h。
反应产物中-NCO含量优选为1.8~2.7%后,降温至50℃以下,得到聚氨酯预聚物。
本发明优选将增塑剂使用之前在110~130℃真空脱水2小时。所述填料和炭黑优选干燥至水分含量低于1000ppm后待用;填料和炭黑优选在120℃下干燥3~7天,达到水分含量要求。
为了进一步说明本发明,下面结合实施例对本发明提供的一种高强度免底涂单组份聚氨酯风挡玻璃胶及其制备方法进行详细地描述,但不能将它们理解为对本发明保护范围的限定。
预制实施例1
将聚醚三元醇(平均分子量5000g/mol)1000g,聚醚二元醇(平均分子量2000)500g,松香二醇酯(羟值118)30g,加热到130℃脱水2小时,后降温至50℃加入4,4’-二异氰酸酯基苯基甲烷(4,4’-MDI)262g(此时NCO/OH=1.8),二月桂酸二丁基锡0.15g,混合后升温至90度反应6h,即得到NCO%含量为2.20%的聚氨酯预聚物A1;
将聚醚三元醇(平均分子量5000)1000g,聚醚二元醇(平均分子量2000)500g,松香二醇酯(羟值56)60g,加热到130℃脱水2小时,后降温至50℃加入4,4’-二异氰酸酯基苯基甲烷(4,4’-MDI)291g(此时NCO/OH=2.0),丁基氧化锡0.45g,混合后升温至75度反应4h,即得到NCO%含量为2.64的聚氨酯预聚物A2;
将聚醚三元醇(平均分子量6000)1500g,松香二醇酯(羟值28)150g,加热到130℃脱水2 小时,后降温至50℃加入4,4’-二异氰酸酯基苯基甲烷(4,4’-MDI)227g(此时NCO/OH=2.2),二月桂酸二辛基锡0.82g,混合后升温至85度反应2h,即得到NCO%含量为2.23的聚氨酯预聚物A3;
合成偶联剂B1:
将TDI三聚体与N-苯基-γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷按照摩尔比为1:0.8在50℃下反应1h,得到合成偶联剂B1。
合成偶联剂B2:
将HDI三聚体与γ-巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷按照摩尔比为1:2.0在70℃下反应4h,得到合成偶联剂B2。
实施例1~18
将预制实施例1中的聚氨酯预聚物A1、A2、A3,脱水后的增塑剂、除水剂、干燥后的填料、炭黑按表1中所示用量加入行星搅拌机,在真空条件下混合均匀,真空度不低于980mbar,然后加入偶联剂B1、B2和催化剂,搅拌均匀,得到聚氨酯风挡玻璃胶。
其中,实施例1所用的增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸二异癸酯,填料为重质碳酸钙,炭黑为油汽炉法炭黑,吸水剂为烷基磺酸异氰酸酯,锡类催化剂为二月桂酸二丁基锡;
实施例2所用的增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸二异癸酯,填料为滑石粉,炭黑为油汽炉法炭黑,吸水剂为烷基磺酸异氰酸酯,锡类催化剂为氧化二丁基锡,胺类催化剂为双吗啉二乙基醚;
实施例3所用的增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸二异癸酯,填料为粘土,炭黑为油汽炉法炭黑,吸水剂为氧化钙,锡类催化剂为二月桂酸二辛基锡,胺类催化剂为三乙胺;
实施例4所用的增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯,填料为重质碳酸钙,炭黑为油汽炉法炭黑,吸水剂为分子筛,锡类催化剂为辛酸亚锡,胺类催化剂为N,N,N',N'-四甲基亚烷基二胺;
实施例5所用的增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯,填料为重质碳酸钙,炭黑为油汽炉法炭黑,吸水剂为烷基磺酸异氰酸酯,锡类催化剂为辛基氧化锡,胺类催化剂为N,N-二甲基环己胺;
实施例6所用的增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸二异癸酯,填料为重质碳酸钙,炭黑为油汽炉法炭黑,吸水剂为烷基磺酸异氰酸酯,锡类催化剂为二月桂酸二丁基锡;
实施例7所用的增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸二异癸酯,填料为滑石粉,炭黑为油汽炉法炭黑,吸水剂为烷基磺酸异氰酸酯,锡类催化剂为氧化二丁基锡,胺类催化剂为双吗啉二乙基醚;
实施例8所用的增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸二异癸酯,填料为粘土,炭黑为油汽炉法炭黑,吸水剂为氧化钙,锡类催化剂为二月桂酸二辛基锡,胺类催化剂为三乙胺;
实施例9所用的增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯,填料为重质碳酸钙,炭黑为油汽炉法炭黑,吸水剂为分子筛,锡类催化剂为辛酸亚锡,胺类催化剂为N,N,N',N'-四甲基亚烷基二胺;
实施例10所用的增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯,填料为重质碳酸钙,炭黑为油汽炉法炭黑,吸水剂为烷基磺酸异氰酸酯,锡类催化剂为辛基氧化锡,胺类催化剂为N,N-二甲基环己胺;
实施例11所用的增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸二异癸酯,填料为重质碳酸钙,炭黑为油汽炉法炭黑,吸水剂为烷基磺酸异氰酸酯,锡类催化剂为二月桂酸二丁基锡;
实施例12所用的增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸二异癸酯,填料为滑石粉,炭黑为油汽炉法炭黑,吸水剂为烷基磺酸异氰酸酯,锡类催化剂为氧化二丁基锡,胺类催化剂为双吗啉二乙基醚;
实施例13所用的增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸二异癸酯,填料为粘土,炭黑为油汽炉法炭黑,吸水剂为氧化钙,锡类催化剂为二月桂酸二辛基锡,胺类催化剂为三乙胺;
实施例14所用的增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯,填料为重质碳酸钙,炭黑为油汽炉法炭黑,吸水剂为分子筛,锡类催化剂为辛酸亚锡,胺类催化剂为N,N,N',N'-四甲基亚烷基二胺;
实施例15所用的增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯,填料为重质碳酸钙,炭黑为油汽炉法炭黑,吸水剂为烷基磺酸异氰酸酯,锡类催化剂为辛基氧化锡,胺类催化剂为N,N-二甲基环己胺;
本发明对实施例1~15制得的产品进行性能测试,测试结果见表1和表2,表1为本发明实施例1~8采用的原料种类、用量及产品测试结果;表2为本发明实施例9~15采用的原料种类、用量及产品测试结果。
表1本发明实施例1~8采用的原料种类、用量及产品测试结果
表2本发明实施例9~15采用的原料种类、用量及产品测试结果
表1和表2中CF均代表内聚破坏。
由以上实施例可知,本发明提供了一种聚氨酯风挡玻璃胶,以重量份数计,由包括以下组分的原料制得:聚氨酯预聚物30~50份,增塑剂10~30份,填料10~30份,炭黑10~30份,吸水剂0.2~2份,合成偶联剂0.2~2份和催化剂0.01~1份;所述聚氨酯预聚物由聚醚多元醇、增粘树脂与第一异氰酸酯反应制得,所述增粘树脂选自松香树脂、松香树脂衍生物、萜烯树脂、萜烯树脂衍生物、氢化石油树脂、氢化石油树脂衍生物、酚醛树脂、酚醛树脂衍生物、二甲苯树脂、二甲苯树脂衍生物、古马龙树脂、古马龙树脂衍生物、甲酮树脂和甲酮树脂衍生物中的一种或多种;所述合成偶联剂由第二异氰酸酯与硅烷类化合物反应制得;所述硅烷类化合物选自仲氨基硅烷化合物和/或巯基硅烷化合物;所述催化剂选自含锡催化剂和/或叔胺催化剂。本发明提供的单组份聚氨酯风挡玻璃胶在特定原料制备的聚氨酯类预聚物、特定原料制备的合成偶联剂、特定种类的催化剂及其它组分的协同作用下,使其能够达到对玻璃面的免底涂粘接;且具有较高的粘接强度。实验结果表明:聚氨酯风挡玻璃胶无需使用底涂剂能够实现对玻璃的粘接;粘接时拉伸剪切强度为4.8~6.7MPa;白玻玻璃粘贴性最高达到100%CF;油墨玻璃粘接性最高达到100%CF;车身油漆粘接性为100%CF。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (4)
1.一种聚氨酯风挡玻璃胶,以重量份数计,由包括以下组分的原料制得:
聚氨酯预聚物30~50份,增塑剂10~30份,填料10~30份,炭黑10~30份,吸水剂0.2~2份,合成偶联剂0.2~2份和催化剂0.01~1份;
所述聚氨酯预聚物由聚醚多元醇、增粘树脂与第一异氰酸酯反应制得,所述增粘树脂选自松香树脂、丙烯酸改性松香、松香酚、聚合松香、歧化松香、氢化松香、松香金属盐和松香二醇酯中的一种或多种;
所述合成偶联剂由第二异氰酸酯与硅烷类化合物反应制得;所述硅烷类化合物选自仲氨基硅烷化合物和/或巯基硅烷化合物;
所述催化剂选自含锡催化剂和/或叔胺催化剂;
所述含锡催化剂选自二月桂酸二辛基锡、二月桂酸二丁基锡、二月桂酸二甲基锡、辛酸亚锡、丁基氧化锡和辛基氧化锡中的一种或多种;
所述叔胺催化剂选自N,N-二甲基环己胺、双(2-二甲氨基乙基)醚、双吗啉二乙基醚、N,N,N',N'-四甲基亚烷基二胺、三乙胺和N,N-二甲基苄胺中的一种或多种;
所述聚醚多元醇选自聚醚二元醇和/或聚醚三元醇;
所述聚醚二元醇的分子量为1000~4000g/mol,羟值为28~112mgKOH/g;
所述聚醚三元醇的分子量为3000~6000g/mol,羟值为28~56mgKOH/g;
所述第一异氰酸酯选自甲苯二异氰酸酯、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、1,4-亚苯基二异氰酸酯、多亚甲基多亚苯基多异氰酸酯、苯二亚甲基二异氰酸酯、四甲基亚二甲苯基二异氰酸酯、联甲苯胺二异氰酸酯、1,5-萘二异氰酸酯、三苯基甲烷三异氰酸酯、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、三甲基六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、赖氨酸二异氰酸酯、降冰片烷二异氰酸酯、反式环己烷-1,4-二异氰酸酯、异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯、双(异氰酸酯基甲基)环己烷和二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯中的一种或多种;
所述第二异氰酸酯选自甲苯二异氰酸酯、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯三聚体、二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯、苯二亚甲基二异氰酸酯和甲苯二异氰酸酯三聚体中的一种或多种;
所述仲氨基硅烷化合物选自双-(γ-三甲氧基甲硅烷基丙基) 胺、N-苯基-γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、N-苯基-γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷、N-丁基-γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、N-丁基-γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷、N-乙基-3-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷和N-乙基-3-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷中的一种或多种;
所述巯基硅烷化合物选自γ-巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷和/或γ-巯丙基三乙氧基硅烷;
所述聚醚多元醇、增粘树脂与第一异氰酸酯的质量比为100:2~10:5~20;
所述炭黑选自气炉法炭黑、油炉法炭黑、油汽炉法炭黑、热裂法炭黑和乙炔炭黑中的一种或多种;
所述吸水剂选自烷基磺酸异氰酸酯、氧化钙和分子筛中的一种或多种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的聚氨酯风挡玻璃胶,其特征在于,所述增塑剂选自烷基磺酸酯、邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯、邻苯二甲酸二异癸酯、邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯、磷酸三甲苯酯和磷酸三辛酯中的一种或多种;
所述填料选自二氧化硅、重质碳酸钙、滑石粉、粘土、有机膨润土、氢化蓖麻油和硫酸钡中的一种或多种。
3.一种权利要求1~2任意一项所述聚氨酯风挡玻璃胶的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
将聚醚多元醇和增粘树脂混合脱水后再和第一异氰酸酯混合,反应,得到聚氨酯预聚物;
将聚氨酯预聚物、增塑剂、吸水剂、填料和炭黑在真空条件下混合均匀,真空度不低于980bar条件下加入合成偶联剂和催化剂,混合均匀,得到聚氨酯风挡玻璃胶。
4.根据权利要求3所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述聚醚多元醇和增粘树脂脱水的温度为110~130℃;脱水的时间为1.5~2.5h;
所述反应的温度为75~90℃;所述反应的时间为2~6h。
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