CN108238798A - 外科手术刀用制造方法 - Google Patents

外科手术刀用制造方法 Download PDF

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CN108238798A
CN108238798A CN201611204202.3A CN201611204202A CN108238798A CN 108238798 A CN108238798 A CN 108238798A CN 201611204202 A CN201611204202 A CN 201611204202A CN 108238798 A CN108238798 A CN 108238798A
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blade
knife
plug division
bar shaped
shaped handle
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朱宁峰
矫夏
郁菁菁
冯叶华
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Kunshan Branch Source Of Hong Sen Metal Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开一种外科手术刀用制造方法，包括：刀片、条形刀柄，所述刀片的一端为刀刃，另一端为插接部，此插接部上端面和下端面分别开有上凹孔和下凹孔，所述条形刀柄前端具有供插接部嵌入的插孔；所述条形刀柄的前部沿周向依次开有上螺纹孔、中螺纹孔和下螺纹孔，将超细碳化钨、碳化钛、碳化铬、二硅化钼、氮化钛、碳化钒和石墨粉投入粉碎机内进行粉碎处理，形成直径小于20微米的混合粉末；将制得的混合粉末置于真空条件中加热至850℃，加热4小时，然后加入酚醛树脂4~6份充分搅拌均匀，制得混合物后冷却。本发明制造方法获得的外科手术刀实现了立体三维定位，避免了刀体易松动、晃动的问题，且使刀片的材质组织更加紧密，增加了抗弯强度和抗崩刃性。

Description

外科手术刀用制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器械领域，尤其涉及一种外科手术刀用制造方法。
背景技术
手术刀是进行外科手术的必备工具，其安全性对于执刀医生和病患来说至关重要。以往传统手术刀通常有两种类型：一种是塑柄手术刀，另一种是钢柄手术刀。塑柄手术刀主要由一次性使用的刀片和一次性使用的塑柄组成，塑柄前部设有刀片座，刀片安装在刀片座上。钢柄手术刀主要由一次性使用的刀片和非一次性使用的钢柄组成，使用前需要将刀片安装到刀柄上，使用后将刀片从刀柄上移除；现有技术存在在使用过程中难以避免晃动、松动的问题，还可能会发生刀头在外力左右下脱落的情况，危险性极高。
发明内容
本发明提供一种外科手术刀用制造方法，此制造方法获得的外科手术刀实现了立体三维定位，避免了刀体易松动、晃动的问题，且使刀片的材质组织更加紧密，增加了抗弯强度和抗崩刃性。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案是：一种外科手术刀用制造方法，包括：刀片、条形刀柄，所述刀片的一端为刀刃，另一端为插接部，此插接部上端面和下端面分别开有上凹孔和下凹孔，所述条形刀柄前端具有供插接部嵌入的插孔；所述条形刀柄的前部沿周向依次开有上螺纹孔、中螺纹孔和下螺纹孔，一锁紧螺丝旋入中螺纹孔并压紧插接部，一上螺栓杆旋入上螺纹孔并嵌入插接部的上凹孔内，一下螺栓杆旋入下螺纹孔并嵌入插接部的下凹孔内；所述刀片的刀刃边缘与刀片长度方向夹角为70~80°，此刀刃上部具有一倒角斜面，一橡胶套套装于所述条形刀柄的中后部，此橡胶套的外表面均匀分布有若干个凸点；
所述刀片通过以下步骤获得：
步骤一、将超细碳化钨50~60份、碳化钛 8~10份、碳化铬 6~8份、二硅化钼4~8份、氮化钛7~9份、碳化钒1~2份和石墨粉3~4份投入粉碎机内进行粉碎处理，形成直径小于20微米的混合粉末；
步骤二、将步骤一制得的混合粉末置于真空条件中加热至850℃，加热4小时，然后加入酚醛树脂4~6份充分搅拌均匀，制得混合物后冷却；
步骤三、通过压力机对混合物进行成型压制形成压坯；
步骤四、将压坯放置烧结炉进行烧结形成刀片毛坯，具体步骤如下：
步骤4-1、先升温至260℃，再以每小时4~6℃的速率升温至 500℃，保温1~2小时，此阶段采用真空条件烧结；
步骤4-2、再以每小时8~12℃的速率升温至1260℃，保温1~2小时，此阶段气氛为氩气和氮气形成的混合气体，此时的烧结压力为 6Mpa；
步骤4-3、再以每小时2~4℃的速率升温至1380℃，保温1~2小时，此阶段气氛为氩气，此时的烧结压力为4Mpa；
步骤4-4、随炉冷却；
步骤五、对刀片毛坯进行精磨加工，载开锋和打磨处理形成初步刀片；
步骤六、将步骤五的初步刀片进行液氮深冷处理从而获得所述刀片。
上述技术方案中进一步改进的技术方案如下：
作为优选，所述条形刀柄的截面为圆形。
作为优选，所述刀片的刀刃边缘与刀片长度方向夹角为75°或者78°。
作为优选，若干个所述凸点由若干个大凸点和若干个小凸点组成，此大凸点和小凸点交替排列。
作为优选，所述步骤四的深冷处理的温度低于零下80℃。
由于上述技术方案运用，本发明与现有技术相比具有下列优点：
1、本发明外科手术刀用制造方法，其采用超细碳化钨50~60份、碳化钛 8~10份、碳化铬6~8份、二硅化钼4~8份、氮化钛7~9份和碳化钒1~2份进行烧结，使得手术刀的刀片拥有超高的硬度，而且开锋后的刀片十分锋利，且极高的强度不容易出现弯曲；其烧结过程三个阶段压力由真空依次切换到高压烧结、次高压烧结，并伴随特定组分气氛切换，有利于碳化物弥散析出，进而使刀片的材质组织更加紧密，增加了抗弯强度和抗崩刃性；再次，其混合粉末置于真空条件中加热至850℃，加热4小时，然后加入酚醛树脂4~6份充分搅拌均匀，有利于提高耐磨性。
2、本发明外科手术刀用制造方法，其刀片的一端为刀刃，另一端为插接部，此插接部上端面和下端面分别开有上凹孔和下凹孔，所述条形刀柄前端具有供插接部嵌入的插孔；所述条形刀柄的前部沿周向依次开有上螺纹孔、中螺纹孔和下螺纹孔，一锁紧螺丝旋入中螺纹孔并压紧插接部，一上螺栓杆旋入上螺纹孔并嵌入插接部的上凹孔内，一下螺栓杆旋入下螺纹孔并嵌入插接部的下凹孔内，拆装方便、稳定可靠，实现了立体三维定位，避免了刀体易松动、晃动的问题，具有很好的推广应用前景；其次，其橡胶套套装于条形刀柄的中后部，此橡胶套的外表面均匀分布有若干个凸点，方便握持，可以防止手术刀滑落，避免了条形刀柄表面光滑，在手术过程中很容易滑脱的缺陷，从而大大降低了医疗事故率。
3、本发明外科手术刀用制造方法，其刀片的一端为刀刃，另一端为插接部，刀片的刀刃边缘与刀片长度方向夹角为70~80，其准确程度高，能不切断肌肉纤维组织，对体内病变组织切出创伤小，出血少、无大面积创口和腔内组织与空气接触，减少感染机率，无需缝合，极大的缩短手术时间，术后疼痛轻、恢复快、疤痕细微或无疤痕；其次，其刀刃上部设计一倒角斜面起到导向作用，大大降低了刀刃上边缘因摩擦带来的阻力，从而减小了刀刃口损伤概率。
附图说明
附图1为本发明外科手术刀结构示意图；
附图2为附图1的局部示意图。
以上附图中：1、刀片；2、条形刀柄；21、上螺纹孔；22、中螺纹孔；23、下螺纹孔；3、刀刃；4、插接部；41、上凹孔；42、下凹孔；5、插孔；6、锁紧螺丝；7、上螺栓杆；8、下螺栓杆；9、倒角斜面；10、套绳；11、凸点；111、大凸点；112、小凸点。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步描述：
实施例1~4：一种外科手术刀用制造方法，包括：刀片1、条形刀柄2，所述刀片1的一端为刀刃3，另一端为插接部4，此插接部4上端面和下端面分别开有上凹孔41和下凹孔42，所述条形刀柄2前端具有供插接部4嵌入的插孔5；所述条形刀柄2的前部沿周向依次开有上螺纹孔21、中螺纹孔22和下螺纹孔23，一锁紧螺丝6旋入中螺纹孔22并压紧插接部4，一上螺栓杆7旋入上螺纹孔21并嵌入插接部4的上凹孔41内，一下螺栓杆8旋入下螺纹孔23并嵌入插接部4的下凹孔42内；所述刀片1的刀刃3边缘与刀片1长度方向夹角为70~80°，此刀刃3上部具有一倒角斜面9，一橡胶套10套装于所述条形刀柄2的中后部，此橡胶套10的外表面均匀分布有若干个凸点11。
所述刀片1通过以下步骤获得：
步骤一、将超细碳化钨50~60份、碳化钛 8~10份、碳化铬 6~8份、二硅化钼4~8份、氮化钛7~9份、碳化钒1~2份和石墨粉3~4份投入粉碎机内进行粉碎处理，形成直径小于20微米的混合粉末；具体由以下重量份组分组成，如表1所示：
表1
步骤二、将步骤一制得的混合粉末置于真空条件中加热至850℃，加热4小时，然后加入酚醛树脂5份充分搅拌均匀，制得混合物后冷却；
步骤三、通过压力机对混合物进行成型压制形成压坯；
步骤四、将压坯放置烧结炉进行烧结形成刀片毛坯，具体步骤如下：
步骤4-1、先升温至260℃，再以每小时4~6℃的速率升温至 500℃，保温1~2小时，此阶段采用真空条件烧结；
步骤4-2、再以每小时8~12℃的速率升温至1260℃，保温1~2小时，此阶段气氛为氩气和氮气形成的混合气体，此时的烧结压力为 6Mpa；
步骤4-3、再以每小时2~4℃的速率升温至1380℃，保温1~2小时，此阶段气氛为氩气，此时的烧结压力为4Mpa；
步骤4-4、随炉冷却；
步骤五、对刀片毛坯进行精磨加工，载开锋和打磨处理形成初步刀片；
步骤六、将步骤五的初步刀片进行液氮深冷处理从而获得所述刀片1。
上述条形刀柄2的截面为圆形，上述刀片1的刀刃3边缘与刀片1长度方向夹角为75°。
上述刀片1的刀刃3边缘与刀片1长度方向夹角为78°。
若干个所述凸点11由若干个大凸点111和若干个小凸点112组成，此大凸点111和小凸点112交替排列。
上述步骤六的深冷处理的温度低于零下90℃。
采用上述外科手术刀用制造方法时，使得手术刀的刀片拥有超高的硬度，而且开锋后的刀片十分锋利，且极高的强度不容易出现弯曲；其烧结过程三个阶段压力由真空依次切换到高压烧结、次高压烧结，并伴随特定组分气氛切换，有利于碳化物弥散析出，进而使刀片的材质组织更加紧密，增加了抗弯强度和抗崩刃性；其次，其拆装方便、稳定可靠，实现了立体三维定位，避免了刀体易松动、晃动的问题，具有很好的推广应用前景；再次，其方便握持，可以防止手术刀滑落，避免了条形刀柄表面光滑，在手术过程中很容易滑脱的缺陷，从而大大降低了医疗事故率；再次，其刀片的一端为刀刃，另一端为插接部，刀片的刀刃边缘与刀片长度方向夹角为70~80，其准确程度高，能不切断肌肉纤维组织，对体内病变组织切出创伤小，出血少、无大面积创口和腔内组织与空气接触，减少感染机率，无需缝合，极大的缩短手术时间，术后疼痛轻、恢复快、疤痕细微或无疤痕。
上述实施例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点，其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人士能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施，并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (5)

1.一种外科手术刀用制造方法，其特征在于：包括：刀片（1）、条形刀柄（2），所述刀片（1）的一端为刀刃（3），另一端为插接部（4），此插接部（4）上端面和下端面分别开有上凹孔（41）和下凹孔（42），所述条形刀柄（2）前端具有供插接部（4）嵌入的插孔（5）；所述条形刀柄（2）的前部沿周向依次开有上螺纹孔（21）、中螺纹孔（22）和下螺纹孔（23），一锁紧螺丝（6）旋入中螺纹孔（22）并压紧插接部（4），一上螺栓杆（7）旋入上螺纹孔（21）并嵌入插接部（4）的上凹孔（41）内，一下螺栓杆（8）旋入下螺纹孔（23）并嵌入插接部（4）的下凹孔（42）内；所述刀片（1）的刀刃（3）边缘与刀片（1）长度方向夹角为70~80°，此刀刃（3）上部具有一倒角斜面（9），一橡胶套（10）套装于所述条形刀柄（2）的中后部，此橡胶套（10）的外表面均匀分布有若干个凸点（11）；
所述刀片（1）通过以下步骤获得：
步骤一、将超细碳化钨50~60份、碳化钛 8~10份、碳化铬 6~8份、二硅化钼4~8份、氮化钛7~9份、碳化钒1~2份和石墨粉3~4份投入粉碎机内进行粉碎处理，形成直径小于20微米的混合粉末；
步骤二、将步骤一制得的混合粉末置于真空条件中加热至850℃，加热4小时，然后加入酚醛树脂4~6份充分搅拌均匀，制得混合物后冷却；
步骤三、通过压力机对混合物进行成型压制形成压坯；
步骤四、将压坯放置烧结炉进行烧结形成刀片毛坯，具体步骤如下：
步骤4-1、先升温至260℃，再以每小时4~6℃的速率升温至 500℃，保温1~2小时，此阶段采用真空条件烧结；
步骤4-2、再以每小时8~12℃的速率升温至1260℃，保温1~2小时，此阶段气氛为氩气和氮气形成的混合气体，此时的烧结压力为 6Mpa；
步骤4-3、再以每小时2~4℃的速率升温至1380℃，保温1~2小时，此阶段气氛为氩气，此时的烧结压力为4Mpa；
步骤4-4、随炉冷却；
步骤五、对刀片毛坯进行精磨加工，载开锋和打磨处理形成初步刀片；
步骤六、将步骤五的初步刀片进行液氮深冷处理从而获得所述刀片（1）。
2.根据权利要求1所述的外科手术刀用制造方法，其特征在于：所述条形刀柄（2）的截面为圆形。
3.根据权利要求1所述的外科手术刀用制造方法，其特征在于：所述刀片（1）的刀刃（3）边缘与刀片（1）长度方向夹角为75°或者78°。
4.根据权利要求1所述的外科手术刀用制造方法，其特征在于：若干个所述凸点（11）由若干个大凸点（111）和若干个小凸点（112）组成，此大凸点（111）和小凸点（112）交替排列。
5.根据权利要求1所述的外科手术刀用制造方法，其特征在于：所述步骤六的深冷处理的温度低于零下80℃。
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