CN108236487A - 用于胸外科手术刀的制备方法 - Google Patents

用于胸外科手术刀的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108236487A
CN108236487A CN201611204088.4A CN201611204088A CN108236487A CN 108236487 A CN108236487 A CN 108236487A CN 201611204088 A CN201611204088 A CN 201611204088A CN 108236487 A CN108236487 A CN 108236487A
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blade
parts
knife
conduit
carbide
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朱宁峰
矫夏
郁菁菁
冯叶华
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Kunshan Branch Source Of Hong Sen Metal Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开一种用于胸外科手术刀的制备方法，包括：刀片、条形刀柄，所述刀片的一端为刀刃，另一端为插接部，所述条形刀柄前端具有供插接部嵌入的插孔；所述刀片的刀刃边缘与刀片长度方向夹角为70~80°，且刀刃上部具有一倒角斜面；所述刀刃上开有若干个吸血孔，将超细碳化钨50~60份、钛酸锶12~20份、碳化钛 8~10份、碳化铬 6~8份、二硅化钼4~8份、氮化钛7~9份、碳化钒1~2和石墨粉3~4份投入粉碎机内进行粉碎处理，形成直径小于20微米的混合粉末。本发明使得手术刀的刀片拥有超高的硬度，而且开锋后的刀片十分锋利，且极高的强度不容易出现弯曲；且准确程度高，能不切断肌肉纤维组织，对体内病变组织切出创伤小，出血少。

Description

用于胸外科手术刀的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器械领域，尤其涉及一种用于胸外科手术刀的制备方法。
背景技术
手术刀是进行外科手术的必备工具，其安全性对于执刀医生和病患来说至关重要。以往传统手术刀通常有两种类型：一种是塑柄手术刀，另一种是钢柄手术刀。塑柄手术刀主要由一次性使用的刀片和一次性使用的塑柄组成，塑柄前部设有刀片座，刀片安装在刀片座上。钢柄手术刀主要由一次性使用的刀片和非一次性使用的钢柄组成，使用前需要将刀片安装到刀柄上，使用后将刀片从刀柄上移除；现有技术存在在使用过程中难以避免晃动、松动的问题，还可能会发生刀头在外力左右下脱落的情况，危险性极高。
发明内容
本发明提供一种用于胸外科手术刀的制备方法，此用于胸外科手术刀的制备方法使得手术刀的刀片拥有超高的硬度，而且开锋后的刀片十分锋利，且极高的强度不容易出现弯曲；且准确程度高，能不切断肌肉纤维组织，对体内病变组织切出创伤小，出血少。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案是：一种用于胸外科手术刀的制备方法，包括：刀片、条形刀柄，所述刀片的一端为刀刃，另一端为插接部，所述条形刀柄前端具有供插接部嵌入的插孔；所述刀片的刀刃边缘与刀片长度方向夹角为70~80°，且刀刃上部具有一倒角斜面；
所述刀刃上开有若干个吸血孔，此吸血孔通过分导管与集液管连通，此集液管通过到导管连接到吸液接口，所述分导管与集液管位于刀片内；
所述刀片通过以下步骤获得：
步骤一、将超细碳化钨50~60份、钛酸锶12~20份、碳化钛 8~10份、碳化铬 6~8份、二硅化钼4~8份、氮化钛7~9份、碳化钒1~2和石墨粉3~4份投入粉碎机内进行粉碎处理，形成直径小于20微米的混合粉末；
步骤二、通过压力机对混合料颗粒进行成型压制形成压坯；
步骤三、将压坯放置烧结炉进行烧结形成刀片毛坯，具体步骤如下：
步骤3-1、先升温至260℃，再以每小时4~6℃的速率升温至 500℃，保温1~2小时，此阶段采用真空条件烧结；
步骤3-2、再以每小时8~12℃的速率升温至1260℃，保温1~2小时，此阶段气氛为氩气和氮气形成的混合气体，此时的烧结压力为 6Mpa；
步骤3-3、再以每小时2~4℃的速率升温至1380℃，保温1~2小时，此阶段气氛为氩气，此时的烧结压力为4Mpa；
步骤3-4、随炉冷却；
步骤四、对刀片毛坯进行精磨加工，载开锋和打磨处理形成初步刀片；
步骤五、将步骤四的初步刀片进行液氮深冷处理从而获得所述刀片。
上述技术方案中进一步改进的技术方案如下：
作为优选，所述条形刀柄的截面为圆形。
作为优选，所述刀片的刀刃边缘与刀片长度方向夹角为75°或者78°。
作为优选，所述导管由位于刀片内的第一导管和位于条形刀柄内的第二导管贯通组成。
由于上述技术方案运用，本发明与现有技术相比具有下列优点：
1、本发明用于胸外科手术刀的制备方法，其采用超细碳化钨50~60份、碳化钛 8~10份、碳化铬 6~8份、二硅化钼4~8份、氮化钛7~9份和碳化钒1~2份进行烧结，使得手术刀的刀片拥有超高的硬度，而且开锋后的刀片十分锋利，且极高的强度不容易出现弯曲；其烧结过程三个阶段压力由真空依次切换到高压烧结、次高压烧结，并伴随特定组分气氛切换，有利于碳化物弥散析出，进而使刀片的材质组织更加紧密，增加了抗弯强度和抗崩刃性。
2、本发明用于胸外科手术刀的制备方法，其刀刃上开有若干个吸血孔，此吸血孔通过分导管与集液管连通，此集液管通过到导管连接到吸液接口，所述分导管与集液管位于刀片内，其手术时能实时吸走手术过程中切口不断溢出的血液或组织液等液体，方便手术中医生观察伤口情况，有利于提高手术的精度。
3、本发明用于胸外科手术刀的制备方法，其刀片的刀刃边缘与刀片长度方向夹角为70~80°，且刀刃上部具有一倒角斜面，准确程度高，能不切断肌肉纤维组织，对体内病变组织切出创伤小，出血少、无大面积创口和腔内组织与空气接触，减少感染机率，无需缝合，极大的缩短手术时间，术后疼痛轻、恢复快、疤痕细微或无疤痕。
附图说明
附图1为本发明胸外科手术刀结构示意图。
以上附图中：1、刀片；2、条形刀柄；3、刀刃；4、插接部；5、插孔；9、倒角斜面；10、吸血孔；11、分导管；12、集液管；13、导管；131、第一导管；132、第二导管；14、吸液接口。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步描述：
实施例1~4：一种用于胸外科手术刀的制备方法，包括：刀片1、条形刀柄2，所述刀片1的一端为刀刃3，另一端为插接部4，所述条形刀柄2前端具有供插接部4嵌入的插孔5；所述刀片1的刀刃3边缘与刀片1长度方向夹角为70~80°，且刀刃12上部具有一倒角斜面9；
所述刀刃3上开有若干个吸血孔10，此吸血孔10通过分导管11与集液管12连通，此集液管12通过到导管13连接到吸液接口14，所述分导管11与集液管12位于刀片1内；
所述刀片1通过以下步骤获得：
步骤一、将超细碳化钨50~60份、钛酸锶12~20份、碳化钛 8~10份、碳化铬 6~8份、二硅化钼4~8份、氮化钛7~9份、碳化钒1~2和石墨粉3~4份投入粉碎机内进行粉碎处理，形成直径小于20微米的混合粉末；具体由以下重量份组分组成，如表1所示：
表1
实施例1 实施例2 实施例3 实施例4
超细碳化钨50~60份 56份 50份 58份 54份
钛酸锶12~20份 16份 12份 15份 18份
碳化钛 8~10份 9份 10份 8份 8.5份
碳化铬 6~8份 8份 6.5份 6份 7份
二硅化钼4~8份 8份 6份 5份 7份
氮化钛7~9份 7份 9份 8份 8.5份
碳化钒1~2 1.5份 2份 1.8份 1.2份
石墨粉3~4份 3.2份 3份 3.8份 4份
步骤二、通过压力机对混合料颗粒进行成型压制形成压坯；
步骤三、将压坯放置烧结炉进行烧结形成刀片毛坯，具体步骤如下：
步骤3-1、先升温至300℃，再以每小时5℃的速率升温至 480℃，保温1~2小时，此阶段采用真空条件烧结；
步骤3-2、再以每小时10℃的速率升温至1250℃，保温1~2小时，此阶段气氛为氩气和氮气形成的混合气体，此时的烧结压力为 6Mpa；
步骤3-3、再以每小时3℃的速率升温至1350℃，保温1~2小时，此阶段气氛为氩气，此时的烧结压力为4Mpa；
步骤3-4、随炉冷却；
步骤四、对刀片毛坯进行精磨加工，载开锋和打磨处理形成初步刀片；
步骤五、将步骤四的初步刀片进行液氮深冷处理从而获得所述刀片1。
上述条形刀柄2的截面为圆形；上述刀片1的刀刃3边缘与刀片1长度方向夹角为78°。
上述导管13由位于刀片1内的第一导管131和位于条形刀柄2内的第二导管132贯通组成。
上述刀片1的刀刃3边缘与刀片1长度方向夹角为75°；上述导管13由位于刀片1内的第一导管131和位于条形刀柄2内的第二导管132贯通组成。
采用上述用于胸外科手术刀的制备方法时，其使得手术刀的刀片拥有超高的硬度，而且开锋后的刀片十分锋利，且极高的强度不容易出现弯曲；其烧结过程三个阶段压力由真空依次切换到高压烧结、次高压烧结，并伴随特定组分气氛切换，有利于碳化物弥散析出，进而使刀片的材质组织更加紧密，增加了抗弯强度和抗崩刃性；其次，其刀刃上开有若干个吸血孔，此吸血孔通过分导管与集液管连通，此集液管通过到导管连接到吸液接口，所述分导管与集液管位于刀片内，其手术时能实时吸走手术过程中切口不断溢出的血液或组织液等液体，方便手术中医生观察伤口情况，有利于提高手术的精度；再次，其准确程度高，能不切断肌肉纤维组织，对体内病变组织切出创伤小，出血少、无大面积创口和腔内组织与空气接触，减少感染机率，无需缝合，极大的缩短手术时间，术后疼痛轻、恢复快、疤痕细微或无疤痕。
上述实施例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点，其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人士能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施，并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (4)

1.一种用于胸外科手术刀的制备方法，其特征在于：包括：刀片（1）、条形刀柄（2），所述刀片（1）的一端为刀刃（3），另一端为插接部（4），所述条形刀柄（2）前端具有供插接部（4）嵌入的插孔（5）；所述刀片（1）的刀刃（3）边缘与刀片（1）长度方向夹角为70~80°，且刀刃（12）上部具有一倒角斜面（9）；
所述刀刃（3）上开有若干个吸血孔（10），此吸血孔（10）通过分导管（11）与集液管（12）连通，此集液管（12）通过到导管（13）连接到吸液接口（14），所述分导管（11）与集液管（12）位于刀片（1）内；
所述刀片（1）通过以下步骤获得：
步骤一、将超细碳化钨50~60份、钛酸锶12~20份、碳化钛 8~10份、碳化铬 6~8份、二硅化钼4~8份、氮化钛7~9份、碳化钒1~2和石墨粉3~4份投入粉碎机内进行粉碎处理，形成直径小于20微米的混合粉末；
步骤二、通过压力机对混合料颗粒进行成型压制形成压坯；
步骤三、将压坯放置烧结炉进行烧结形成刀片毛坯，具体步骤如下：
步骤3-1、先升温至260℃，再以每小时4~6℃的速率升温至 500℃，保温1~2小时，此阶段采用真空条件烧结；
步骤3-2、再以每小时8~12℃的速率升温至1260℃，保温1~2小时，此阶段气氛为氩气和氮气形成的混合气体，此时的烧结压力为 6Mpa；
步骤3-3、再以每小时2~4℃的速率升温至1380℃，保温1~2小时，此阶段气氛为氩气，此时的烧结压力为4Mpa；
步骤3-4、随炉冷却；
步骤四、对刀片毛坯进行精磨加工，载开锋和打磨处理形成初步刀片；
步骤五、将步骤四的初步刀片进行液氮深冷处理从而获得所述刀片（1）。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于胸外科手术刀的制备方法，其特征在于：所述条形刀柄（2）的截面为圆形。
3.根据权利要求1所述的用于胸外科手术刀的制备方法，其特征在于：所述刀片（1）的刀刃（3）边缘与刀片（1）长度方向夹角为75°或者78°。
4.根据权利要求1所述的用于胸外科手术刀的制备方法，其特征在于：所述导管（13）由位于刀片（1）内的第一导管（131）和位于条形刀柄（2）内的第二导管（132）贯通组成。
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