CN108232465B - Device and method for eliminating edge scattering - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于飞行器隐身技术领域，尤其涉及一种消除棱边散射的装置及方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of aircraft stealth, and in particular relates to a device and method for eliminating edge scattering.
背景技术Background technique
在一个散射体上存在着若干散射源，不同类型的散射源对散射体的雷达散射截面有不同的贡献。按照回波强度的大小，常见的散射源分别为镜面反射、棱边散射、行波回波、爬行波回波、尖顶绕射、表面轮廓不连续等等。棱边散射是仅次于镜面反射的强散射源。There are several scattering sources on a scatterer, and different types of scattering sources have different contributions to the radar cross section of the scatterer. According to the size of the echo intensity, the common scattering sources are specular reflection, edge scattering, traveling wave echo, creeping wave echo, apex diffraction, discontinuous surface profile and so on. Edge scattering is the second strongest source of scattering after specular reflection.
消除棱边散射具有重要的实际意义，例如，在飞机上有成百上千条棱边，如果棱边处理的不好，会严重影响飞机的隐身能力。已经有研究者对此开展了研究。例如，早在1991年，马维华等人[马维华等，非镜面散射边缘贡献及其抑制. 电子科学学刊，1991，13(4):430-434 ]就尝试着在棱边上涂覆吸波材料来缩减棱边散射，结果表明，在涂覆了一定厚度的吸波涂料以后，可以在特定频点将棱边散射的RCS缩小10dB左右，但是利用吸波涂料难以进一步缩减RCS。在棱边上加载电阻片是一种消除棱边散射的更有效的途径，例如，文献2[鲁丽娟等，基于吸波泡沫和渐变阻抗条复合加载的边缘散射抑制方法. 发明专利，申请公开号: CN103985967A ]通过吸波泡沫和渐变阻抗条复合加载的方式，在4GHz频点处将边缘散射引起的RCS降低了约15dB。但是，渐变阻抗条在其中到底起了多大的作用，具体是吸波泡沫还是渐变阻抗条对边缘散射的消除起了主导作用，文献2中并没有进行分析。文献2表明在棱边上加载渐变阻值的阻抗条可以缩减棱边散射，但是渐变阻值电阻片加工困难，而且阻值变化范围有限，这限制了它的实际应用。同时，文献2只是在4GHz这一个单一的频点实现了RCS缩减，并未实现1~18GHz宽频范围内的棱边散射缩减。Eliminating edge scattering is of great practical significance. For example, there are hundreds or thousands of edges on an aircraft. If the edges are not handled well, the stealth ability of the aircraft will be seriously affected. Researchers have already carried out research on this. For example, as early as 1991, Ma Weihua et al. [Ma Weihua et al., Non-specular scattering edge contribution and its suppression. Journal of Electronic Science, 1991, 13(4):430-434] tried to coat the edge with absorbing wave The results show that after applying a certain thickness of absorbing paint, the RCS of edge scattering can be reduced by about 10dB at a specific frequency point, but it is difficult to further reduce the RCS by using absorbing paint. Loading resistive sheets on edges is a more effective way to eliminate edge scattering. For example, Literature 2 [Lu Lijuan et al., edge scattering suppression method based on composite loading of absorbing foam and graded impedance strips. Invention patent, application Publication No.: CN103985967A] By means of composite loading of absorbing foam and gradient impedance strips, the RCS caused by edge scattering is reduced by about 15dB at the frequency point of 4GHz. However, how much role the gradient impedance strips play, specifically whether the absorbing foam or the gradient impedance strips play a leading role in eliminating edge scattering, is not analyzed in
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的在于提供一种消除棱边散射的装置及方法，旨在最大程度消除目标体的棱边散射，达到飞行器反雷达隐身的目的。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for eliminating edge scattering, which aims to eliminate the edge scattering of a target body to the greatest extent and achieve the purpose of anti-radar stealth of an aircraft.
本发明是这样实现的，一种消除棱边散射的装置，该装置包括尖劈，所述尖劈的尖端棱边上设有电阻板，该电阻板由并排的若干段电阻片顺序对接而成；在靠近尖劈的尖端方向上，各电阻片的阻值逐步减小。The invention is realized in this way, a device for eliminating edge scattering, the device includes a sharp wedge, and a resistance plate is arranged on the sharp edge of the sharp wedge, and the resistance plate is formed by sequentially butting several sections of resistance plates side by side. ; In the direction close to the tip of the wedge, the resistance of each resistor piece gradually decreases.
优选地，所述电阻片的阻值在0~10000Ω/□之间，各所述电阻片的宽度为0~100mm。Preferably, the resistance value of the resistance sheet is between 0 and 10000Ω/□, and the width of each of the resistance sheets is 0 to 100 mm.
优选地，所述尖劈的高度为300mm、宽度为200mm，尖端两斜面之间的夹角为30°；Preferably, the height of the wedge is 300mm, the width is 200mm, and the angle between the two inclined surfaces of the tip is 30°;
所述电阻板的高度为300mm，各所述电阻片的宽度为20mm。The height of the resistance plate is 300 mm, and the width of each of the resistance sheets is 20 mm.
优选地，所述电阻片包括第一电阻片、第二电阻片以及第三电阻片，所述第一电阻片、第二电阻片以及第三电阻片在靠近尖劈的尖端方向上顺序连接，且所述第一电阻片、第二电阻片以及第三电阻片的阻值分别分别为760Ω/□、183Ω/□和60Ω/□。Preferably, the resistance piece includes a first resistance piece, a second resistance piece and a third resistance piece, the first resistance piece, the second resistance piece and the third resistance piece are sequentially connected in a direction close to the tip of the wedge, The resistance values of the first resistance sheet, the second resistance sheet and the third resistance sheet are respectively 760Ω/□, 183Ω/□ and 60Ω/□.
本发明进一步公开了一种消除棱边散射的方法，该方法为通过在尖劈的尖端棱边上设置电阻板，并在1~18GHz宽频范围内减小棱边散射所引起的RCS；其中，The invention further discloses a method for eliminating edge scattering. The method is to set a resistive plate on the tip edge of the wedge, and reduce the RCS caused by the edge scattering in a wide frequency range of 1-18 GHz; wherein,
该电阻板由并排的若干段电阻片顺序对接而成；在靠近尖劈的尖端方向上，各电阻片的阻值逐步减小。The resistance plate is formed by sequentially butting several sections of resistance plates side by side; in the direction close to the tip of the wedge, the resistance value of each resistance plate gradually decreases.
优选地，所述电阻片的阻值在0~10000Ω/□之间，各所述电阻片的宽度为0~100mm。Preferably, the resistance value of the resistance sheet is between 0 and 10000Ω/□, and the width of each of the resistance sheets is 0 to 100 mm.
优选地，所述尖劈的高度为300mm、宽度为200mm，尖端两斜面之间的夹角为30°；Preferably, the height of the wedge is 300mm, the width is 200mm, and the angle between the two inclined surfaces of the tip is 30°;
所述电阻板的高度为300mm，各所述电阻片的宽度为20mm。The height of the resistance plate is 300 mm, and the width of each of the resistance sheets is 20 mm.
优选地，所述电阻片包括第一电阻片、第二电阻片以及第三电阻片，所述第一电阻片、第二电阻片以及第三电阻片在靠近尖劈的尖端方向上顺序连接，且所述第一电阻片、第二电阻片以及第三电阻片的阻值分别分别为760Ω/□、183Ω/□和60Ω/□。Preferably, the resistance piece includes a first resistance piece, a second resistance piece and a third resistance piece, the first resistance piece, the second resistance piece and the third resistance piece are sequentially connected in a direction close to the tip of the wedge, The resistance values of the first resistance sheet, the second resistance sheet and the third resistance sheet are respectively 760Ω/□, 183Ω/□ and 60Ω/□.
本发明克服现有技术的不足，提供一种消除棱边散射的装置及方法，通过在棱边上加载阻值渐变的电阻片，通过将电磁波在电阻片上激励起来的表面电流以电阻损耗的方式转变成热能，应用在目标隐身上，用于消除目标体的棱边散射，可以显著降低目标体的棱边散射引起的RCS。The invention overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art and provides a device and method for eliminating edge scattering. By loading a resistance sheet with gradual resistance value on the edge, the surface current excited by electromagnetic waves on the resistance sheet is in the form of resistance loss. It is converted into heat energy and applied to the target stealth body to eliminate the edge scattering of the target body, which can significantly reduce the RCS caused by the edge scattering of the target body.
相比于现有技术的缺点和不足，本发明具有以下有益效果：本发明能在1~18GHz范围内大幅度缩减棱边散射引起的RCS，并且结构简单，适合于实际应用。Compared with the shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention can greatly reduce the RCS caused by edge scattering in the range of 1-18 GHz, and has a simple structure and is suitable for practical applications.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明实施例中消除棱边散射的装置的结构示意图；1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for eliminating edge scattering in an embodiment of the present invention;
图2是本发明实施例中尖劈在加载电阻板前后的RCS对比图。FIG. 2 is a RCS comparison diagram of the wedge before and after loading the resistance plate in the embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.
本发明公开了一种消除棱边散射的装置，该装置包括尖劈，所述尖劈的尖端棱边上设有电阻板，该电阻板由并排的若干段电阻片顺序对接而成；在靠近尖劈的尖端方向上，各电阻片的阻值逐步减小。The invention discloses a device for eliminating edge scattering. The device comprises a sharp wedge, and a resistance plate is arranged on the sharp edge of the sharp wedge. In the direction of the tip of the wedge, the resistance of each resistor piece gradually decreases.
在本发明实施例中，所述尖劈为三角形尖劈，包括尖端、两斜面以及圆柱体尾部，两斜面同侧端相交形成该尖端棱边，且两斜面另一同侧端相切在尾部圆柱体上。对于这样的尖劈，电场方向平行于尖劈棱边的电磁波入射到尖劈上以后，尖劈的棱边散射是RCS的主要来源。In the embodiment of the present invention, the wedge is a triangular wedge, including a tip, two bevels and a cylinder tail, the same side ends of the two bevels intersect to form the edge of the tip, and the other same side of the two bevels is tangent to the cylinder at the tail body. For such a wedge, after the electromagnetic wave with the electric field direction parallel to the edge of the wedge is incident on the wedge, the edge scattering of the wedge is the main source of RCS.
在本发明实施例中，在棱边上加载电阻板，该电阻板由阻值渐变的若干电阻片顺序连接而成，各电阻片的阻值不同，电阻片的阻值在0~10000Ω/□范围内变化，并且越靠近尖劈，阻值越小，此外，各所述电阻片的宽度在0~100mm内变化，当然这种变化通常需要匹配尖劈的实际尺寸。In the embodiment of the present invention, a resistance plate is loaded on the edge, and the resistance plate is formed by sequentially connecting several resistance plates with gradually changing resistance values. The resistance value is smaller when it is closer to the wedge. In addition, the width of each resistance sheet varies within 0~100mm. Of course, this change usually needs to match the actual size of the wedge.
在本发明实施例中，更具体的，为了示意方便，如图1所示，图1是本发明实施例中消除棱边散射的装置的结构示意图。图中将电阻片分为三段，实际使用中可以是大于1的任意段。做为作为其中的一个特例，本发明设定这三段电阻片的阻值分别为60Ω/□、183Ω/□和760Ω/□，每一段电阻片的宽度均为20mm，电阻板的高度为300mm；尖劈的高度为300mm、宽度为200mm，尖端两斜面之间的夹角为30°。In the embodiment of the present invention, more specifically, for the convenience of illustration, as shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for eliminating edge scattering in an embodiment of the present invention. The resistor sheet is divided into three segments in the figure, and it can be any segment greater than 1 in actual use. As a special example, the present invention sets the resistance values of the three sections of resistance sheet to be 60Ω/□, 183Ω/□ and 760Ω/□, the width of each section of the resistance sheet is 20mm, and the height of the resistance plate is 300mm ; The height of the wedge is 300mm, the width is 200mm, and the angle between the two slopes of the tip is 30°.
对上述特例进行验证，如图2所示，图2是本发明实施例中尖劈在加载电阻板前后的RCS对比图。从图2中可以看出，在1~18GHz范围内，未加载渐变阻值电阻片的尖劈的RCS约为-15dB；加载了渐变阻值电阻片后，尖劈的RCS降低为-23dB~-43dB，RCS降低了8.6~28.4dB，平均降低了18dB。很明显，通过加载渐变阻值电阻片的方式，可以在1~18GHz宽频范围内大幅度地缩减棱边散射引起的RCS。To verify the above special case, as shown in FIG. 2 , FIG. 2 is a RCS comparison diagram of the wedge before and after loading the resistor plate in the embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from Figure 2, in the range of 1~18GHz, the RCS of the wedge without the gradient resistance chip is about -15dB; after the gradient resistance chip is loaded, the RCS of the wedge is reduced to -23dB~ -43dB, the RCS is reduced by 8.6~28.4dB, with an average reduction of 18dB. Obviously, the RCS caused by edge scattering can be greatly reduced in the wide frequency range of 1~18GHz by loading the graded resistance resistance sheet.
本发明能在1~18GHz范围内大幅度缩减棱边散射引起的RCS，并且结构简单，适合于实际应用。The invention can greatly reduce the RCS caused by edge scattering in the range of 1-18 GHz, has a simple structure, and is suitable for practical applications.
本发明进一步公开了一种消除棱边散射的方法，该方法为通过在尖劈的尖端棱边上设置电阻板，并在1~18GHz宽频范围内减小棱边散射所引起的RCS；其中，该电阻板由并排的若干段电阻片顺序对接而成；在靠近尖劈的尖端方向上，各电阻片的阻值逐步减小。The invention further discloses a method for eliminating edge scattering. The method is to set a resistive plate on the tip edge of the wedge, and reduce the RCS caused by the edge scattering in a wide frequency range of 1-18 GHz; wherein, The resistance plate is formed by sequentially butting several sections of resistance plates side by side; in the direction close to the tip of the wedge, the resistance value of each resistance plate gradually decreases.
本发明方法与本发明上述装置相对应，以本发明实施例中所述装置的详细描述，可同样用于解释本发明方法，在此不再赘述。The method of the present invention corresponds to the above-mentioned device of the present invention, and the detailed description of the device in the embodiment of the present invention can also be used to explain the method of the present invention, and details are not repeated here.
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection of the present invention. within the range.
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