CN103078185B - High-gain low-radar cross section panel antenna based on artificial electromagnetic structural material - Google Patents
High-gain low-radar cross section panel antenna based on artificial electromagnetic structural material Download PDFInfo
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- CN103078185B CN103078185B CN201310030029.XA CN201310030029A CN103078185B CN 103078185 B CN103078185 B CN 103078185B CN 201310030029 A CN201310030029 A CN 201310030029A CN 103078185 B CN103078185 B CN 103078185B
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002594 sorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001459 lithography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001039 wet etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a high-gain low-radar scattering cross section panel antenna based on an artificial electromagnetic structure material. The artificial structure material consists of a medium substrate, a periodic metal square ring structure manufactured on the front surface of the substrate and a periodic opening gap metal plane structure manufactured on the back surface of the substrate. The centers of four sides of the front metal square ring structure are loaded with concentrated resistance elements. When electromagnetic waves are incident from the front surface of the artificial structure material, the energy of the electromagnetic waves is mainly absorbed; when electromagnetic waves are incident from the back side of the artificial structure material, the energy of the electromagnetic waves is mainly reflected. The artificial structural material is placed above the microstrip patch as a coating layer, the reverse side of the artificial structural material is used as a partial reflection surface, and the artificial structural material and the metal grounding plate of the microstrip patch form an F-P resonant cavity, so that the radiation gain of the antenna is improved; the front surface of the antenna can absorb external incident waves, and the radar scattering cross section of the antenna is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high-gain, low RCS plate aerial, particularly the low RCS plate aerial of a kind of high-gain based on manual electromagnetic structure material.
Background technology
Along with constantly reducing of aircraft radars cross section, the contribution of the RCS of airborne antenna system to flight system just becomes and becomes increasingly conspicuous, and the RCS that therefore reduces antenna system has become an important factor in the stealthy system of target.Plate aerial (such as micro-band and F-P chamber antenna) has that quality is light, cost is low, be easy to the advantages such as syntype, is widely used and flies in device.Therefore, the gain of the RCS of reduction plate aerial and raising plate aerial has caused more and more scientific research personnel's concern and research.But traditional radar absorbing and radar-wave absorbing structure have also reduced gain and the directive property of antenna in reducing RCS.In recent years, much the RCS technology based on manual electromagnetic structure material reduction antenna was in the news.The scientific research personnel such as Hong-Kyu Jang utilize electromagnet bandgap structure to realize the reduction (H.-K.Jang of Antenna/RCS as radar absorbing, et al.Design and fabrication of a microstrip patch antenna with a low radar cross section in the X-band[J], Smart Mater.Struct.015007 (2011)), load after electromagnetic bandgap structure material, the RCS of microband paste has obtained good reduction at 8.5GHz in the frequency band of 12GHz, near 11GHz, the RCS of antenna reduces nearly 20 decibels.Because material shows good reflecting properties near 3.2GHz, so the directive property to antenna and gain effects are very little, but do not realize reduction in RCS band.The frequency-selective surfaces of researcher based on artificial structure's material such as Simone Genovesi have been realized the reduction (S.Genovesi of wide-angle RCS, et al.Low-Profile Array With Reduced Radar Cross Section by Using Hybrid Frequency Selective Surfaces[J], IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION, VOL.60, NO.5, MAY2012), but use after artificial structural material, the relative primary antenna of the directive property of antenna has reduced by two decibel left and right.In this patent, use manual electromagnetic structure material to be carried on microband paste; Aerial radiation gain can be improved, the RCS of antenna can be reduced again simultaneously.
In sum, in the design of existing reduction Antenna/RCS, in reduction RCS, antenna radiation performance is also had to impact; And be difficult to realize the wide band RCS of band and out-of-band reduction.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: overcome difficulties such as being difficult to realize the narrow and impact on primary antenna gain of reduction in band, reduced bandwidth in existing Antenna/RCS reduction technology; Proposed a kind of high-gain, low RCS plate aerial based on manual electromagnetic structure material, this design not only can improve the gain of primary antenna, and the RCS of the primary antenna band and out-of-band of significantly reducing.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of high-gain low radar scattering cross section plate aerial based on manual electromagnetic structure material, comprise that tow sides have periodicity artificial structure's material of different reflection characteristics, and the dielectric-slab of microband paste, metal ground plate and microband paste; Tow sides have periodicity artificial structure's material of different reflection characteristics by medium substrate, and the part reflecting surface of the sorbent surface of medium substrate top and dielectric-slab below forms; Wherein sorbent surface is by periodic metal side ring structure, and ring four paracentral lumped resistance elements in the side's of being carried in form; Part reflecting surface is made up of periodic aperture slots metal flat structure; On the one hand, when external electromagnetic wave irradiation is during at sorbent surface, this material can convert external electromagnetic wave to thermal losses, thereby has reduced the RCS of antenna; On the other hand, the parallel x axle of the E field polarization direction of microband paste radiated wave, the metal ground plate of part reflecting face and microband paste forms a F-P resonant cavity, can increase substantially the gain of antenna.
Wherein, the dielectric constant of described medium substrate is ε
r1, the thickness h of medium substrate
1span be λ
m1/ 20～λ
m1/ 5, the span of the period p of metal side's ring structure is λ
m1/ 5～3* λ
m1/ 5, the broadband w of metal side's ring structure
1span be λ
m1/ 30～λ
m1/ 10, the span of the side length b of metal side's ring structure is λ
m1/ 6～λ
m1/ 2, the span of four limit central opening width g of metal side's ring structure is λ
m1/ 60～λ
m1/ 10; Wherein λ
m1for the effective wavelength corresponding to absorption frequency range centre frequency place of the suction wave surface of described material,
λ
01centered by wavelength in vacuum corresponding to frequency place.
Wherein, the broadband, gap of aperture slots metal flat structure is w
2, w
2span be λ
m2/ 300 ~ λ
m2/ 50; The length l span of aperture slots metal flat structure is λ
m2/ 6 ~ 3* λ
m2/ 5; The span of spacing d between aperture slots metal flat structure gap is λ
m2/ 15 ~ 2* λ
m2/ 5; The length of microband paste and wide span are λ
m2/ 4 ~ λ
m2; The dielectric constant of the dielectric-slab of microband paste is ε
r2, the thickness h of the dielectric-slab of microband paste
2span be λ
m2/ 30 ~ λ
m2/ 5; The span of the thickness h 3 of metal ground connection is λ
m2/ 30 ~ λ
m2/ 4; Wherein λ
m2for the corresponding effective wavelength in operating frequency place of described antenna,
λ
02for the wavelength in vacuum corresponding to operating frequency place.
The beneficial effect that the present invention has is:
(1), the present invention is simple in structure, periodicity artificial structure's material 1 that tow sides have different reflection characteristics is planar structure, is easy to make, and utilize pcb board processing technology just can make, and this processing technology is now very ripe.
(2), the present invention is when electromagnetic wave is radiated at absorbing surface 5 outside, this material can fetter external electromagnetic wave and convert thereof into thermal losses, thereby has realized the RCS that has reduced antenna in band and out-of-band.On the other hand, because part reflecting face 7 has high reflection and certain transmission, part reflecting face 7 and metal ground connection 3 plates can form a F-P resonant cavity, can increase substantially the gain of antenna.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the cellular construction figure that the high-gain that the present invention is based on manual electromagnetic structure material, low RCS plate aerial and tow sides have periodicity artificial structure's material 1 of different reflection characteristics;
Fig. 2 is the reflectivity that the cellular construction emulation of the artificial electromagnetic structure material of the present invention obtains transmitance and suction wave surface 5 and reflecting surface 7;
Fig. 3 is the high-gain that the present invention is based on manual electromagnetic structure material, the return loss of low RCS plate aerial;
Fig. 4 is high-gain, the low RCS plate aerial that the present invention is based on manual electromagnetic structure material and the far-field pattern of the E face of antenna in the time of 11.5GHz when not covering tow sides and having periodicity artificial structure's material 1 of different reflection characteristics.
Fig. 5 is high-gain, the low RCS plate aerial that the present invention is based on manual electromagnetic structure material and the far-field pattern of the H face of antenna in the time of 11.5GHz when not covering tow sides and having periodicity artificial structure's material 1 of different reflection characteristics.
Fig. 6 is high-gain, the low RCS plate aerial that the present invention is based on manual electromagnetic structure material and the RCS of antenna and the graph of a relation of frequency when not covering tow sides and having periodicity artificial structure's material 1 of different reflection characteristics.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and the specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited in embodiment below, should comprise the full content in claims.And those skilled in the art can realize the full content claim from a following embodiment.
Fig. 1 is the cellular construction material figure of the high-gain based on manual electromagnetic structure material, low RCS plate aerial and artificial structure's material, the 1 periodicity artificial structure's material that represents the different reflection characteristics of tow sides in figure, 2 represent microband paste, 3 represent metal ground plate, 4 represent the dielectric-slab of microband paste, 5 represent reflecting surface, 6 represent medium substrate, 7 represent sorbent surface, 8 metal side's ring structures, 9 represent lumped resistance element, 10 represent aperture slots metal flat structure, 11 represent external incident wave, and 12 represent outgoing wave.Specific implementation process is as follows:
(1) utilize conventional lithography process, at a dielectric constant 3.38, length and width are 60mm × 60mm, thickness is spin coating photoresist on microwave pcb board (model Rogers4003) metal level of double-sided copper-clad of 3.25mm, baking and curing, exposure, develop, dry post bake, the steps such as wet etching metal level, produce number of cycles in the front of microwave pcb board and be metal side's ring structure of 5 × 5 four sideband openings, produce the aperture slots metal flat structure in cycle 5 × 5 at reverse side simultaneously, then a lumped resistance element of welding in four openings of metal side's ring structure, each cell configuration is the shape shown in lumped resistance and the aperture slots metal flat structure of metal side's ring structure in Fig. 1, loading.Above-mentioned microwave pcb board (model Rogers4003) is the medium substrate 6 of artificial structure's material of tow sides different reflectivity.The parameter that this example is taked is of a size of: the period p of metal side's ring structure 8 and aperture slots metal flat structure 10 is 12mm, and the side length b of metal side's ring structure 8 is 7mm, the wide w of metal side's ring structure 8
1for 0.5mm, ring structure 8 four limit central opening width g in metal side's are 1mm, and the resistance value of the lumped resistance 9 loading in metal side's ring structure 8 four limits is 110 Ω.Broadband, gap w in aperture slots metal flat structure 10
2for 0.15mm, gap length l is 8mm, and gap is 4mm along the axial cycle d of x.
(2) utilize conventional lithography process, at a dielectric constant 2.5, length and width are 60mm × 60mm, thickness be the one side of 1.524mm cover copper microwave pcb board (model Arlon AD250) front metal layer on the step such as spin coating photoresist, baking and curing, exposure, development, oven dry post bake, wet etching metal level, produce a metal square piece structure as microband paste 3 in the front center of microwave pcb board.This microwave pcb board (model ArlonAD250) is as the dielectric-slab 4 of microband paste, and the parameter of microband paste 3 is of a size of: 13.8mm × 13.8mm.
(3) be 60mm × 60mm by length and width, the metal aluminum sheet that thickness is 6mm is close to the dielectric-slab 4 of microband paste as the metal ground plate 3 of antenna.Metal ground plate 3 is 13mm apart from artificial structure's material 1 of tow sides different reflectivity.
In high-gain based on manual electromagnetic structure material of the present invention, low RCS plate aerial, there is different reflectivity artificial structure material, by Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method (FDTD) simulation result as shown in Figure 1, the unit of the ordinate in this figure is decibel, abscissa is frequency, what in figure, solid line represented is the transmitance that direction of an electric field is parallel to the line polarization wave of x axle, visible have certain transmitance near 11.5GHz, and be less than-10 decibels in the transmitance of 6-10.5GHz.Part reflecting surface has higher reflectivity at 6-12GHz, and particularly near reflectivity operating frequency 11.5GHz is all greater than-2.5 decibels, can be used for constructing high-gain F-P resonant cavity.Inhale wave surface and be less than-10 decibels at the reflectivity of 6.5-11GHz, at this frequency band, electromagnetic wave is had to good absorbent properties as seen.
High-gain, low RCS plate aerial based on manual electromagnetic structure material of the present invention, by FDTD simulation result as shown in Figure 2, the ordinate in this figure is return loss, and abscissa is frequency, near 11.5GHz, antenna return loss is less than-10 decibels, and antenna can normally be worked.
High-gain, low RCS plate aerial based on manual electromagnetic structure material of the present invention and do not cover the antenna of periodicity artificial structure's material of the different reflection characteristics of tow sides, by FDTD simulation result as shown in Figure 3, ordinate in this figure is antenna gain, abscissa is angle, and what in figure, solid line represented is the high-gain based on manual electromagnetic structure material, the far-field pattern of low RCS plate aerial E face; Dotted line is the antenna E face far-field pattern that does not cover periodicity artificial structure's material of the different reflection characteristics of tow sides.Visible, cladding material aft antenna gain has been brought up to 14 decibels from 7 decibels, and beamwidth has obtained reduction simultaneously.What in Fig. 4, solid line represented is the high-gain based on manual electromagnetic structure material, the far-field pattern of low RCS plate aerial H face; Dotted line is the antenna H face far-field pattern that does not cover periodicity artificial structure's material of the different reflection characteristics of tow sides.
High-gain, low RCS plate aerial based on manual electromagnetic structure material of the present invention and do not cover the antenna of periodicity artificial structure's material of the different reflection characteristics of tow sides, by FDTD simulation result as shown in Figure 6, ordinate in this figure is the RCS of antenna, abscissa is angle, and that in figure, solid line represents is the high-gain based on manual electromagnetic structure material, the RCS of low RCS plate aerial; Dotted line is the Antenna/RCS that does not cover periodicity artificial structure's material of the different reflection characteristics of tow sides.Visible, the RCS of cladding material aft antenna has obtained significant reduction at 6-14GHz.
Non-elaborated part of the present invention belongs to those skilled in the art's known technology.
Claims (3)
1. the high-gain low radar scattering cross section plate aerial based on manual electromagnetic structure material, it is characterized in that: comprise that tow sides have periodicity artificial structure's material (1) of different reflection characteristics, and the dielectric-slab (4) of microband paste (2), metal ground plate (3) and microband paste; Tow sides have periodicity artificial structure's material (1) of different reflection characteristics by medium substrate (6), and the part reflecting surface (7) of the sorbent surface (5) of medium substrate (6) top and medium substrate (6) below forms; Wherein sorbent surface (5) is by periodic metal side ring structure (8), and the side's of being carried in ring four paracentral lumped resistance elements (9) form; Part reflecting surface (7) is made up of periodic aperture slots metal flat structure (10); On the one hand, when external electromagnetic wave irradiation is when sorbent surface (5), this material can convert external electromagnetic wave to thermal losses, thereby has reduced the RCS (RCS) of antenna; On the other hand, the parallel x axle of E field polarization direction of microband paste (2) radiated wave, x direction of principal axis is parallel to metal ground plate (3), the metal ground plate (3) of part reflecting surface (7) and microband paste forms a F-P resonant cavity, can increase substantially the gain of antenna.
2. the high-gain low radar scattering cross section plate aerial based on manual electromagnetic structure material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the dielectric constant of described medium substrate (6) is ε
r1, the span of the thickness h 1 of medium substrate (6) is λ
m1/ 20～λ
m1/ 5, the span of the period p of metal side's ring structure (8) is λ
m1/ 5～3* λ
m1/ 5, the span of the width w1 of metal side's ring structure (8) is λ
m1/ 30～λ
m1/ 10, the span of the side length b of metal side's ring structure (8) is λ
m1/ 6～λ
m1/ 2, the span of four limit central opening width g of metal side's ring structure (8) is λ
m1/ 60～λ
m1/ 10; Wherein λ
m1for the effective wavelength corresponding to absorption frequency range centre frequency place of the sorbent surface (5) of described material,
λ
01centered by wavelength in vacuum corresponding to frequency place.
3. the high-gain low radar scattering cross section plate aerial based on manual electromagnetic structure material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the gap width of aperture slots metal flat structure (10) is w
2, w
2span be λ
m2/ 300～λ
m2/ 50; The length l span of aperture slots metal flat structure (10) is λ
m2/ 6～3* λ
m2/ 5; The span of spacing d between aperture slots metal flat structure (10) gap is λ
m2/ 15～2* λ
m2/ 5; The length of microband paste (2) and wide span are λ
m2/ 4～λ
m2; The dielectric constant of the dielectric-slab (4) of microband paste is ε
r2, the span of the thickness h 2 of the dielectric-slab (4) of microband paste is λ
m2/ 30～λ
m2/ 5; The thickness h of metal ground plate (3)
3span be λ
m2/ 30～λ
m2/ 4; Wherein λ
m2for the corresponding effective wavelength in operating frequency place of described antenna,
λ
02for the wavelength in vacuum corresponding to operating frequency place.
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| CN201310030029.XA CN103078185B (en) | 2013-01-25 | 2013-01-25 | High-gain low-radar cross section panel antenna based on artificial electromagnetic structural material |
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| CN103078185B true CN103078185B (en) | 2014-11-12 |
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| CN111987452B (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2021-06-18 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Transmission/reflection switchable and amplitude-adjustable metamaterial |
| CN112086756B (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2022-07-05 | 重庆大学 | Integrated electric/magnetic alternative wave absorbing device and antenna array multi-state mutual coupling suppression method |
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| CN114843772A (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2022-08-02 | 重庆邮电大学 | Dual-frequency dual-circular-polarization high-isolation Fabry-Perot cavity MIMO antenna and processing method thereof |
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