CN108229830A - Consider the dynamic hybrid flow operation minimization total complete time problem lower bound algorithm of study efficacy - Google Patents
Consider the dynamic hybrid flow operation minimization total complete time problem lower bound algorithm of study efficacy Download PDFInfo
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- CN108229830A CN108229830A CN201810016071.9A CN201810016071A CN108229830A CN 108229830 A CN108229830 A CN 108229830A CN 201810016071 A CN201810016071 A CN 201810016071A CN 108229830 A CN108229830 A CN 108229830A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to production scheduling field, specifically a kind of algorithm for seeking the dynamic hybrid flow operation minimization total complete time problem lower bound for considering study efficacy.Lower bound is the obtained solution of sequence that some constraints are fallen in relaxation, and algorithm sequence solves to obtain the upper bound, and the optimal solution of sequence is then between the upper bound and lower bound, therefore lower bound can solve the important means of performance as a kind of evaluation algorithms.Lower bound designed by the present invention is acquired a lower bound in each stage, is finally taken big using the method based on hybrid flowshop problem.And using averaging and interruptable mode and it is turned into unit problem solving come loose constraint condition in each stage.The present invention is solved for the dynamic continuous productive process minimization total complete time for considering the problems of study efficacy, can be as the method for the interruptable lower bound for assessment algorithm performance.
Description
Technical field
It is specifically a kind of to ask the dynamic hybrid flow operation pole for considering study efficacy the present invention relates to production scheduling field
The algorithm of smallization total complete time problem lower bound.
Background technology
In the assembly environment of real world, the passage of the component of product at any time successively reaches factory (when discharging
Between).By following identical processing route, component is assembled into final products.When a worker is anti-a specific stage
Similar task is handled again, and obtains knowledge more efficiently to perform task, and the processing time of later stage task can be obviously shortened.
This assembling process can be described as considering the dynamic Flow Shop Scheduling of study efficacy, and wherein learning effect depends on work
The Working position of part.
The problem of existing research is mostly about classical Flow Shop, but in practical factory, each processing rank
Section can't only have a same type machine.Therefore, it is necessary to consider that there is the hybrid flowshop problem of more machines in each stage, with
More tally with the actual situation.
Invention content
It is solved for the dynamic continuous productive process minimization total complete time for considering the problems of study efficacy, the object of the invention exists
In provide it is a kind of consider study efficacy dynamic hybrid flow operation minimization total complete time problem lower bound algorithm, as
The method of the interruptable lower bound of assessment algorithm performance.
The technical scheme is that:
A kind of dynamic hybrid flow operation minimization total complete time problem lower bound algorithm for considering study efficacy, seeks lower bound
It is as follows:
Step 1:First, each work is calculated according to the release time of each workpiece and in the process time in each stage
Part is as follows in the average processing time and earliest release time, calculation formula in each stage:
job_aves,j=jobs,j/Ms
And start0,j=rtimej
Step 2:Since second stage, the earliest start time in each stage is calculated, calculation formula is as follows:
Second stage:
stage2=min { job1,j}*g(1)
S-th of stage:
Step 3:It is as follows to calculate each workpiece time, calculation formula in the early start in each stage:
starts,j=max { stages,rs,j, j=1,2 ..., N, s=1,2 ..., S
Step 4:Total complete time of each stage by the sequence of unit problem is calculated by phase sequence;The workpiece first reached
First process;
If a, b workpiece reach simultaneously, smaller workpiece of preferential processing remaining process time;If the workpiece of long processing time
There is process time smaller workpiece to reach when not finishing, then when stopping the processing of the workpiece of long processing time, then processing processing
Between smaller workpiece;So repeatedly, until this stage all workpiece sequencings are completed;
Step 5:Polishing approaches the solution that sequence acquires according to the truncation for obtaining each workpiece in sequence under unit problem
In complete hybrid flowshop solution to model, the computational methods of workpiece truncation are as follows:
And tailS,j=0
Wherein, h represents workpiece j in the position in stage, and position is related with the number of machines in stage, if there are 3 machines in the stage, then
For workpiece per triplets, it is 2 that the 1st, 2,3 location of workpiece, which is the 1, the 4th, 5,6 location of workpiece, and so on;
Step 6:The lower bound in each stage is sought, calculation formula is as follows:
Step 7:It is maximized in the lower bound in each stage acquired as the final lower bound of model;
The symbolic indication being directed to is as follows:
N:The quantity of workpiece
rtimej:The initial release time of workpiece j;
rs,j:Workpiece j is in the earliest release time of stage s;
starts,j:Workpiece j is in the earliest start time of stage s;
stages:The earliest start time of stage s;
jobs,j:Workpiece j is in the process time of stage s;
job_aves,j:Workpiece j is in the average processing time of stage s;
tails,j:Workpiece j is in the truncation of stage s;
Ms:The number of machines of stage s;
completions,j:Workpiece j is in the completion date of stage s;
LBs:The lower bound of stage s;
g(n):Study efficacy function, n represent the position of workpiece, g (n)=1-0.2*n/N, n=0,1 ..., N-1.
The considerations of described study efficacy dynamic hybrid flow operation minimization total complete time problem lower bound algorithm, step
Five when solving, because with study efficacy, actual processing time of workpiece is equipped with its machining position in this stage
It closes, the more forward workpiece of Working position, study efficacy coefficient is higher.
The considerations of described study efficacy dynamic hybrid flow operation minimization total complete time problem lower bound algorithm, if
Operation 1 is processed first position, and study efficacy coefficient is 1, needs to process 5 unit interval;If place it in the 2nd position
Put processing, then since proficiency improves, study efficacy coefficient becomes 0.98, process time 5*0.98=4.9.
It advantages of the present invention and has the beneficial effect that:
1st, the method for the present invention, which is directed to, considers the problems of that the dynamic continuous productive process minimization total complete time of study efficacy solves,
Using the lower bound design method for being averaging and interrupting.It can be obtained by simulation result, lower bound is convergent, i.e., when workpiece number tends to be infinite
When big, lower bound converges on optimal solution, and unrelated with the sequence of workpiece.In the case that on a large scale, this seeks evaluation algorithms
Solving performance has great significance.
2nd, there are two benefits for the method for the present invention:1. all can be as the substitution value of optimal solution, many algorithm Solve problems
NP hardly possiblies, be difficult to acquire optimal solution, therefore a kind of lower bound computational methods can be used to replace optimal solution in polynomial time.2. to divide
Branch key-machine constructs lower bound, and a good lower bound algorithm can make branch-bound algorithm cut branch as much as possible.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is complete hybrid flowshop sequence Gantt chart.
Fig. 2 is lower bound sequence Gantt chart.
Fig. 3 is the solution flow chart of lower bound algorithm of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In specific implementation process, lower bound is the obtained solution of sequence that some constraints are fallen in relaxation, and algorithm sequence solves
The upper bound is obtained, the optimal solution of sequence is then between the upper bound and lower bound, therefore lower bound can be used as a kind of evaluation algorithms to solve performance
Important means.Lower bound designed by the present invention is asked using the method based on hybrid flowshop problem in each stage
A lower bound is obtained, is finally taken big.And averaging and interruptable mode are used in each stage and is turned into unit problem and is asked
Solution carrys out loose constraint condition.
It is as follows in the symbolic indication arrived involved in this algorithm:
rtimej:The initial release time of workpiece j;
rs,j:Workpiece j is in the earliest release time of stage s;
starts,j:Workpiece j is in the earliest start time of stage s;
stages:The earliest start time of stage s;
jobs,j:Workpiece j is in the process time of stage s;
job_aves,j:Workpiece j is in the average processing time of stage s;
tails,j:Workpiece j is in the truncation of stage s;
completions,j:Workpiece j is in the completion date of stage s;
LBs:The lower bound of stage s;
(unit of above 9 expression formulas is all a unit interval)
Ms:The number of machines of stage s, unit:It is a;
g(n):Study efficacy function, n represent the position of workpiece, g (n)=1-0.2*n/N, n=0,1 ..., N-1.
In the following, the specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail.
1st, example calculates as follows:
Table 1
Workpiece is numbered | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
rtimej(minute) | 10 | 3 | 0 | 5 | 19 | 7 | 13 |
job1,j(minute) | 8 | 10 | 4 | 4 | 9 | 4 | 3 |
job2,j(minute) | 8 | 4 | 6 | 7 | 5 | 9 | 4 |
job3,j(minute) | 8 | 7 | 10 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 1 |
As shown in Figure 1, by complete hybrid flowshop model it can be calculated that the considerations of being solved using the algorithm is learnt
The total complete time ∑ Cmax=190.286 (minute) of effect, i.e., the target function value that the algorithm acquires for 190.286 (point
Clock).
Lower bound calculating is carried out below:
As shown in figure 3, calculating the release time according to each workpiece and the process time in each stage first, calculate each
Average processing time and earliest release time of a workpiece in each stage, it is as a result as follows:
Table 2
Workpiece is numbered | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
job_ave1,j(minute) | 2.667 | 3.333 | 1.333 | 1.333 | 3 | 1.333 | 1 |
job_ave2,j(minute) | 4 | 2 | 3 | 3.5 | 2.5 | 4.5 | 2 |
job_ave3,j(minute) | 4 | 3.5 | 5 | 2 | 2.5 | 3 | 0.5 |
r2,j(minute) | 16.632 | 11.29 | 3.316 | 8.316 | 26.461 | 10.316 | 15.487 |
r3,j(minute) | 23.264 | 14.606 | 8.29 | 14.119 | 30.606 | 17.777 | 18.803 |
Calculate the earliest start time of each stage (since second stage):
stage2=3 (minutes);stage3=7 (minutes)
Calculating each workpiece, the time (g (n)=0.829) is such as in the early start in each stage (since second stage)
Under:
Table 3
Workpiece is numbered | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
start2,j(minute) | 16.632 | 11.29 | 3.316 | 8.316 | 26.461 | 10.316 | 15.487 |
start3,j(minute) | 23.264 | 14.606 | 8.29 | 14.119 | 30.606 | 17.777 | 18.803 |
As shown in Fig. 2, sorting according to unit problem, LB can be obtained by figure1=155.055 (minutes);LB2=162.606 (point
Clock);LB3=151.430 (minutes);LB=MAX { LB1, LB2, LB3}=162.606 (minute), and have GAP=(190.286-
162.606)/162.606*100=17.023%, wherein, GAP=(target function value-floor value)/floor value * 100, for weighing apparatus
One user-defined counter of quantity algorithm performance quality, GAP values are bigger, illustrate that algorithm improvement amount is bigger.
Total complete time of each stage by the sequence of unit problem is calculated by phase sequence;The workpiece first reached is first processed;
If a, b workpiece reach simultaneously, smaller workpiece of preferential processing remaining process time;If the workpiece of long processing time is not finished
There is process time smaller workpiece to reach, then stop the processing of the workpiece of long processing time, then it is smaller to process process time
Workpiece;So repeatedly, until this stage all workpiece sequencings are completed.
After the completion of workpiece sequencing, polishing acquires sequence according to the truncation for obtaining each workpiece in sequence under unit problem
Solution close to complete hybrid flowshop solution to model, the computational methods of workpiece truncation are as follows:
Wherein, h represents workpiece j in the position in stage.Position is related with the number of machines in stage, if there are 3 machines in the stage, then
For workpiece per triplets, it is 2 that the 1st, 2,3 location of workpiece, which is the 1, the 4th, 5,6 location of workpiece, and so on.
Finally, the lower bound in each stage is sought, calculation formula is as follows:
It is maximized in the lower bound in each stage acquired as the final lower bound of model.
2nd, it repeats to test
Experimental size:Number of stages S is respectively 2/5/10, and the generation section of number of machines M is [2,8];Workpiece number N is respectively
100/200/500/800/1000.
The experiment is emulated using c language, and workpiece is generated at random in the process time in each stage by function, and section is
[1,10];The initial release time generation section of each workpiece is [1,3*N].Each scale carries out 10 experiments, records GAP
Value, and be averaged.Wherein, GAP=(target function value-floor value)/floor value * 100.
Shown in the experimental data are shown in the following table:
Table 4. emulates data result
As can be seen from the data in the table, in the case where number of stages is constant, with the increase of workpiece number, GAP values are in integrally
Reveal convergent trend, that is, illustrate designed lower bound in convergent tendency.
In conclusion consider the dynamic hybrid flow operation minimization total complete time problem lower bound design side of study efficacy
Method, more can accurately evaluation algorithms solve performance.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of dynamic hybrid flow operation minimization total complete time problem lower bound algorithm for considering study efficacy, feature exist
In lower bound is asked to be as follows:
Step 1:First, each workpiece of process time calculating according to the release time of each workpiece and in each stage exists
The average processing time and earliest release time, calculation formula in each stage are as follows:
job_aves,j=jobs,j/Ms
And start0,j=rtimej
Step 2:Since second stage, the earliest start time in each stage is calculated, calculation formula is as follows:
Second stage:
stage2=min { job1,j}*g(1)
S-th of stage:
Step 3:It is as follows to calculate each workpiece time, calculation formula in the early start in each stage:
starts,j=max { stages,rs,j, j=1,2 ..., N, s=1,2 ..., S
Step 4:Total complete time of each stage by the sequence of unit problem is calculated by phase sequence;The workpiece first reached first adds
Work;If a, b workpiece reach simultaneously, smaller workpiece of preferential processing remaining process time;If the workpiece of long processing time is not done
There is process time smaller workpiece to reach when complete, then stop the processing of the workpiece of long processing time, then process process time more
Small workpiece;So repeatedly, until this stage all workpiece sequencings are completed;
Step 5:Polishing makes the solution that sequence acquires close to complete according to the truncation that each workpiece in sequence is obtained under unit problem
Whole hybrid flowshop solution to model, the computational methods of workpiece truncation are as follows:
And tailS,j=0
Wherein, h represents workpiece j in the position in stage, and position is related with the number of machines in stage, if there are 3 machines in the stage, then workpiece
Per triplets, it is 2 that the 1st, 2,3 location of workpiece, which is the 1, the 4th, 5,6 location of workpiece, and so on;
Step 6:The lower bound in each stage is sought, calculation formula is as follows:
Step 7:It is maximized in the lower bound in each stage acquired as the final lower bound of model;
The symbolic indication being directed to is as follows:
N:The quantity of workpiece
rtimej:The initial release time of workpiece j;
rs,j:Workpiece j is in the earliest release time of stage s;
starts,j:Workpiece j is in the earliest start time of stage s;
stages:The earliest start time of stage s;
jobs,j:Workpiece j is in the process time of stage s;
job_aves,j:Workpiece j is in the average processing time of stage s;
tails,j:Workpiece j is in the truncation of stage s;
Ms:The number of machines of stage s;
completions,j:Workpiece j is in the completion date of stage s;
LBs:The lower bound of stage s;
g(n):Study efficacy function, n represent the position of workpiece, g (n)=1-0.2*n/N, n=0,1 ..., N-1.
2. under the dynamic hybrid flow operation minimization total complete time problem described in accordance with the claim 1 for considering study efficacy
Boundary's algorithm, which is characterized in that step 5 is when solving because with study efficacy, actual processing time of workpiece be with
It is related in the Working position in this stage, the more forward workpiece of Working position, and study efficacy coefficient is higher.
3. under the dynamic hybrid flow operation minimization total complete time problem described in accordance with the claim 2 for considering study efficacy
Boundary's algorithm, which is characterized in that if operation 1 is processed first position, study efficacy coefficient is 1, when needing to process 5 units
Between;If place it in the 2nd position processing, then since proficiency improves, study efficacy coefficient becomes 0.98, process time
For 5*0.98=4.9.
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CN109325680A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2019-02-12 | 山东大学 | Consider the single machine batch sort method of the minimum delay total time of study efficacy |
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CN107392384A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2017-11-24 | 东北大学 | A kind of lower bound method for solving based on the dual-proxy problem with release time Flow Shop |
CN107491863A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2017-12-19 | 东北大学 | A kind of branch and bound method that initial lower bound beta pruning is used based on straight-line code mode |
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US5715165A (en) * | 1994-12-23 | 1998-02-03 | The University Of Connecticut | Method and system for scheduling using a facet ascending algorithm or a reduced complexity bundle method for solving an integer programming problem |
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CN106228265A (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2016-12-14 | 中山大学 | Based on Modified particle swarm optimization always drag phase transport project dispatching algorithm |
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