CN110738413A - Multi-constraint scheduling calculation method and device for automatic aviation part machining production line - Google Patents
Multi-constraint scheduling calculation method and device for automatic aviation part machining production line Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-constraint scheduling calculation method and a multi-constraint scheduling calculation device for aviation part machining automatic production lines, wherein the method comprises the steps of obtaining process information and order task information of parts to be machined of the automatic production lines, determining the priority of each process task in the order task information, sequencing each process task according to the priority of each process task on the premise of meeting various constraint conditions, simulating the actual operation process of the automatic production lines on the premise of meeting various constraint conditions, and obtaining scheduling calculation results, wherein the scheduling calculation results comprise the predicted starting and ending time of each process task and a task list of equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aviation production, in particular to a multi-constraint scheduling calculation method and device for an automatic production line for processing aviation parts.
Background
The scheduling of the processing production line is that groups of equipment are given, better sequences are found by setting methods to process number of workpiece tasks, the scheduling calculation problem of the production line is a -class complex combination optimization problem, and has very important academic research value and practical application value.
The production environment of the automatic aviation part processing production line has complex constraints and uncertainty of height, and great difficulty is caused to the design of a scheduling method. The generation process of the production line scheduling scheme of most of domestic aviation manufacturing enterprises has the problems of excessive dependence on the experience of production planning personnel, incomplete constraint consideration, low efficiency and the like.
In addition, real-time operation data of the automatic production line needs to be considered, and the real-time operation data can be changed according to the state of the production line. The current mainstream clock advancing method has the problem of low calculating speed, and when the number of tasks to be solved is large, the real-time requirement of calculation cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention has been made to provide methods and apparatuses for calculating multi-constraint scheduling of an automatic manufacturing line for aerospace parts machining, which overcome or at least partially solve the above problems.
The embodiments of the invention provide methods for calculating the multi-constraint scheduling of an automatic aviation part processing production line, which comprise the following steps:
acquiring process information and order task information of a part to be processed of an automatic production line;
determining the priority of each process task in the order task information;
on the premise of meeting various constraint conditions, sequencing the process tasks according to the priority of the process tasks;
on the premise of meeting various constraint conditions, simulating the actual operation process of the automatic production line, and acquiring a scheduling calculation result, wherein the scheduling calculation result comprises the predicted starting and ending time of each process task and a task list of equipment.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
and calculating the predicted ending time of the order task according to the starting ending time of each process task.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining field real-time data of an automatic production line, wherein the field real-time data comprise automatic production line resource information.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
and calculating the demand of each resource according to the task list of the equipment and the resource information of the automatic production line.
Optionally, on the premise that a plurality of constraint conditions are satisfied, sorting the process tasks according to their priorities includes:
and performing optimization calculation on a task priority calculation method, namely a scheduling rule, by adopting a genetic programming algorithm according to a set optimization target, and performing priority calculation on each process task according to the scheduling rule on the premise of meeting various constraint conditions, thereby sequencing each process task.
Optionally, on the premise that various constraint conditions are met, simulating an actual operation process of the automatic production line includes:
and on the premise of meeting various constraint conditions, simulating the actual operation process of the automatic production line by adopting an event-driven method.
Another embodiments of the present invention provide a apparatus for calculating the multi-constraint scheduling of an automatic manufacturing line for aerospace parts, the apparatus comprising:
the information acquisition unit is used for acquiring process information and order task information of the part to be processed of the automatic production line;
the priority determining unit is used for determining the priority of each process task in the order task information;
the sequencing unit is used for sequencing each process task according to the priority of each process task on the premise of meeting various constraint conditions;
and the result acquisition unit is used for simulating the actual operation process of the automatic production line on the premise of meeting various constraint conditions and acquiring the scheduling calculation result, wherein the scheduling calculation result comprises the predicted starting and ending time of each process task and the task list of the equipment.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises:
and the predicted end time calculation unit is used for calculating the predicted end time of the order task according to the start end time of each process task.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises:
the real-time data acquisition unit is used for acquiring field real-time data of the automatic production line, and the field real-time data comprises automatic production line resource information.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises:
and the demand calculation unit is used for calculating the demand of each resource according to the task list of the equipment and the resource information of the automatic production line.
Optionally, the sorting unit is specifically configured to:
and sequencing each process task according to the priority of each process task by adopting a genetic rule algorithm on the premise of meeting various constraint conditions according to the set optimization target.
Optionally, the result obtaining unit is specifically configured to:
and on the premise of meeting various constraint conditions, simulating the actual operation process of the automatic production line by adopting an event-driven method.
Another embodiments of the present invention provide electronic devices, wherein the electronic devices comprise:
a processor; and the number of the first and second groups,
a memory arranged to store computer executable instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to perform the above-described multi-constraint scheduling calculation method for an aerospace parts machining automation line.
Another embodiments of the present invention provide computer-readable storage media, wherein the computer-readable storage media stores or more programs, and the or more programs, when executed by a processor, implement the above-mentioned multi-constraint scheduling calculation method for an automatic aviation part machining line.
The invention has the advantages that the invention sets the priority of task scheduling on the basis of solving all constraint conflicts facing to the scheduling calculation requirements of the automatic production line of aviation parts, further generates process-level scheduling schemes meeting all conditions, is used as the reference basis of the actual production process, and has higher practicability, steps, the invention combines the task priority and the meta-heuristic iterative optimization algorithm for use, adopts an event-driven method to simulate the production execution process, and simultaneously ensures the calculation speed and the optimization effect.
The method fully considers the actual constraint conditions and the field operation state, can be used for carrying out real-time scheduling calculation on different production conditions, can effectively improve the utilization rate of equipment and reduce the task delay time compared with the traditional scheduling method, and has higher practicability, extensive application prospect and considerable economic benefit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a calculation method for multi-constraint scheduling of an automatic production line for aviation part processing according to embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a multi-constraint schematic diagram of scheduling calculation of an automatic aviation part processing production line according to embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an event driven method of embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the scheduling results of the production line based on Gantt chart according to embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a scheduling calculation device of an automatic aviation part processing production line according to exemplary embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to embodiments of the invention;
fig. 7 shows a structural diagram of embodiments of the computer-readable storage medium according to the invention.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in further with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The aviation manufacturing industry is typical multi-variety and small-batch discrete manufacturing industry, and the corresponding aviation part automatic production line needs to integrate resource state information of manpower, equipment, materials and the like when generating a production operation plan and also needs to consider various complex production constraints, and the generated production operation plan needs to have high reference and accuracy.
The automatic production line puts higher requirements on the machining process of aviation parts. The scheduling result not only guides the actual production of the production line, but also calculates and issues the accurate demand information of the corresponding resources such as equipment, a loading and unloading device, a tool, a clamp and the like, so as to perform accurate production preparation.
At present, the aviation part machining process is gradually changed to an automatic production mode, the production scheduling result not only plays a role in guiding production execution, but also needs to be more reasonable and accurate than the previous method, smooth operation of an automatic production line is guaranteed, and a scheduling scheme with higher rationality, accuracy and real-time performance can effectively improve the utilization rate of equipment and the rationality of resource arrangement, so that the production efficiency of the production line is improved.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a scheduling calculation method of an automatic aviation part processing production line according to embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the method according to an embodiment of the present invention specifically includes:
s11: acquiring process information and order task information of a part to be processed of an automatic production line;
the process information includes the sequence of the steps and the resource information required for the steps. The scheduling calculation is to sequence all process tasks contained in the order task information and allocate corresponding resources, and the order of the production line can be acquired from an upper management system or added manually.
The invention defines the process information of the products of the production line, mainly comprises the front-back relation of the working procedures, is which is the most important constraint to be considered in the production scheduling process, and also comprises the resource information required by the working procedures, particularly bottleneck resources.
S12: determining the priority of each process task in the order task information;
in practical application, a method of combining a scheduling rule and an intelligent optimization algorithm is adopted to solve the problem of task scheduling calculation of an automatic production line. And calculating the priority of the production tasks received in the line according to the scheduling rule, and determining the sequence of task sequencing. The higher priority tasks are ordered earlier.
S13: on the premise of meeting various constraint conditions, sequencing the process tasks according to the priority of the process tasks;
it should be noted that, analyzing all the constraint conditions is a precondition for designing the production scheduling calculation method of the production line, and the more comprehensive the constraint conditions are considered, the more the designed production scheduling calculation method can better meet the actual conditions of the production line. As shown in fig. 2, the constraints to be considered in the calculation process are mainly classified into three categories, namely resources, processes, and time.
The production environment of an actual aviation part production line has complex constraints and height uncertainty, and great difficulty is caused to the design of a scheduling method. In the calculation process, various constraints need to be fully considered, including process constraints (mainly referring to a front-to-back order relation, a process path and the like), resource constraints (mainly referring to equipment, a tool, a clamp, a blank, personnel and the like), and time constraints (mainly referring to an equipment calendar, a factory calendar and the like).
And calculating the priority of each received task according to the importance degree, the emergency degree, the customer classification and other parameters of the task. The higher the priority task, the higher the ranking.
And S14, simulating the actual operation process of the automatic production line under the condition of meeting various constraint conditions, and acquiring a scheduling calculation result, wherein the scheduling calculation result comprises the predicted starting and ending time of each process task and a task list of the equipment, and the task list of the equipment refers to the process task list to be executed in the future period of time of the equipment and comprises the time information of the equipment occupied by each task and the like.
The task list of the equipment comprises the task scheduling calculation requirements of the automatic aviation part production line, the priority of task scheduling is formulated on the basis of solving all constraint conflicts, and process scheduling schemes meeting all conditions are generated and serve as reference bases of the actual production process, so that the equipment has high practicability.
In alternative implementations of embodiments of the invention, the method further includes:
and calculating the predicted ending time of the order task according to the starting ending time of each process task.
The method further comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining field real-time data of an automatic production line, wherein the field real-time data comprise automatic production line resource information.
It can be understood that production line resource information is also required in the scheduling calculation process, and , which is used as an input of the scheduling calculation, is also an important link for embodying the practicability of the method, and mainly includes state information of bottleneck resources such as equipment.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
and calculating the demand of each resource according to the task list of the equipment and the resource information of the automatic production line.
It can be understood that the embodiment of the invention calculates the requirements of resources such as blanks, tools, clamps, trays and cutters according to the scheduling calculation result, and the requirements serve as the basis of the production preparation process. While calculating the expected end time of the order as a whole.
The main input information of the embodiment of the invention comprises process information, order task information and field real-time data of the part to be processed, and the output is a production operation plan of a process level, comprising the demand information of each resource.
On the premise of meeting various constraint conditions, sequencing the process tasks according to the priority of the process tasks, comprising the following steps:
and performing optimization calculation on the scheduling rules by adopting a genetic programming algorithm according to the set optimization target, and performing priority calculation on each process task according to the scheduling rules on the premise of meeting various constraint conditions so as to sequence each process task.
In practical application, the scheme can be optimized by improving the calculation method of the priority through the meta-heuristic algorithms such as the genetic algorithm, the genetic programming algorithm, the tabu search and the like, so that an approximately optimal solution is obtained.
The automatic production line management personnel can define scheduling optimization targets according to actual requirements, wherein the scheduling optimization targets comprise the shortest average drag time of workpiece processing, the maximum average equipment utilization rate and the like. And according to a specific optimization target, optimizing the task priority calculation method by combining a scheduling rule with a genetic programming algorithm to obtain an approximately optimal calculation method for calculating the process task priority. Wherein, the basic rule unit is shown in table 1, and the connector of the rule unit includes: +, -, +,/, max, min, etc.
TABLE 1 basic rules Unit
Table 2 shows examples of rule combinations that can be obtained by iterative computation using meta-heuristic algorithms such as genetic algorithm, genetic programming algorithm, or tabu search.
TABLE 2 example of rule combinations computed based on Meta-heuristic Algorithm
Under the prerequisite that satisfies multiple constraint condition, simulate automation line's actual operation process, include:
and on the premise of meeting various constraint conditions, simulating the actual operation process of the automatic production line by adopting an event-driven method.
It can be understood that, in the embodiment of the present invention, an event-driven method is adopted to simulate the actual operation process of an automatic production line, generate start/end simulation events for task execution and perform corresponding maintenance, and according to times of processing of the time sequence of the simulation events, complete scheduling calculation satisfying complex constraint conditions.
The clock propulsion method in the prior art has the problem of low calculation speed, and cannot meet the calculation real-time requirement when the number of tasks to be solved is large, so that automatic production line re-production scheduling calculation mechanisms based on an event-driven mode are designed, a scheduling adjustment scheme meeting the current production conditions is generated, and relevant information including predicted end time, resource demand information and the like is given in time, so that smooth operation of an automatic production line is supported.
As shown in fig. 3, the specific process of the event-driven method according to the embodiment of the present invention is as follows:
1) finding out all task sets to be executed A, B, C, D according to the task execution condition at the current time T, wherein the task set A comprises tasks A1, A2, A3 and A4, the task set B comprises tasks B1, B2 and B3, the task set C comprises tasks C1 and C2, and the task set D comprises tasks D1, D2 and D3;
2) screening a current executable task set { A2, B2 and D1} from the task set A, B, C, D according to the process pre-and post-constraint;
3) screening a task set { B2, D1} meeting resource constraints from the task set { A2, B2, D1}, sequentially generating expected start events and end events of all tasks in the task set { B2, D1} and adding the expected start events and the end events into an event queue (the events in the event queue are automatically sequenced according to the sequence of expected occurrence time);
4) simulating an actual production process, processing the earliest event in an event queue, distributing specific resources such as equipment and tools for the process tasks, updating the states of the tasks and the resources, updating data of a task set to be scheduled and the like;
5) after the event processing is completed, the process proceeds to below according to the event list, and 2 to 5 are repeated until all the scheduling calculations for all the process tasks are completed.
On the basis of solving all constraint conflicts, the invention utilizes an iterative calculation method based on meta-heuristic to establish the priority of task scheduling, sequences all the process tasks based on the priority of the process tasks, further generates process-level scheduling schemes meeting all the conditions, utilizes a genetic programming algorithm to execute series of operations, finally obtains approximate optimal solutions in an iterative optimization mode, solves information such as an equipment task list, a cutter requirement list, tool information used by a workpiece, and the predicted starting and ending time of the tasks, and uses the information as a reference basis of the actual production process, and visually displays the information in a Gantt chart mode, as shown in FIG. 4, the invention is a production line scheduling result schematic diagram based on Gantt charts, wherein the horizontal axis represents time, the vertical axis M1-M7 represents equipment, a rectangular frame represents specific process tasks, A1 and A2 … respectively represent the 1-th process task of the workpiece task A, the 2-th process …, and the like.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a scheduling calculation apparatus of an automatic aviation part processing production line according to embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, the apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an information acquisition unit 51, a priority determination unit 52, a sorting unit 53, and a result acquisition unit 54, specifically:
the information acquisition unit 51 is used for acquiring process information and order task information of parts to be processed of the automatic production line;
a priority determining unit 52, configured to determine a priority of each process task in the order task information;
a sorting unit 53, configured to sort the process tasks according to the priorities of the process tasks on the premise that multiple constraint conditions are satisfied;
and the result acquiring unit 54 is configured to simulate an actual operation process of the automation line on the premise that various constraint conditions are met, and acquire a scheduling calculation result, where the scheduling calculation result includes the predicted start and end time of each process task and a task list of the equipment.
The scheduling calculation device of the automatic aviation part processing production line, provided by the embodiment of the invention, is oriented to the scheduling calculation requirements of the automatic aviation part production line, the priority of task scheduling is formulated on the basis of solving all constraint conflicts, and process-level scheduling schemes meeting all conditions are generated and serve as reference bases of the actual production process, so that the scheduling calculation device has high practicability.
In alternative implementations of the embodiments of the invention, the apparatus further includes:
and the predicted end time calculation unit is used for calculating the predicted end time of the order task according to the start end time of each process task.
In alternative implementations of the embodiments of the invention, the apparatus further includes:
the real-time data acquisition unit is used for acquiring field real-time data of the automatic production line, and the field real-time data comprises automatic production line resource information.
In alternative implementations of the embodiments of the invention, the apparatus further includes:
and the demand calculation unit is used for calculating the demand of each resource according to the task list of the equipment and the resource information of the automatic production line.
In optional implementation manners of the embodiment of the present invention, the sorting unit 53 is specifically configured to:
and sequencing each process task according to the priority of each process task by adopting a genetic rule algorithm on the premise of meeting various constraint conditions according to the set optimization target.
The result obtaining unit 54 is specifically configured to:
and on the premise of meeting various constraint conditions, simulating the actual operation process of the automatic production line by adopting an event-driven method.
In conclusion, according to the technical scheme of the invention, based on solving all constraint conflicts, the task scheduling priority is formulated, process-level scheduling schemes meeting all conditions are generated, and the process-level scheduling schemes are used as reference bases of the actual production process and have high practicability, , the task priority and the meta-heuristic iterative optimization algorithm are combined for use, an event-driven method is adopted to simulate the production execution process, and meanwhile, the calculation speed and the optimization effect are ensured.
The method fully considers the actual constraint conditions and the field operation state, can be used for carrying out real-time scheduling calculation on different production conditions, can effectively improve the utilization rate of equipment and reduce the task delay time compared with the traditional scheduling method, and has higher practicability, extensive application prospect and considerable economic benefit.
Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
It should be noted that:
the algorithms and displays presented herein are not inherently related to any particular computer, virtual machine, or other apparatus, various general purpose devices may also be used with the teachings based thereon, the required structure for constructing such devices is readily apparent from the above description.
However, it is understood that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details, and that examples well-known methods, structures, and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure the understanding of this description.
Similarly, it should be appreciated that in the foregoing description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, various features of the invention are sometimes grouped together by in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure and aiding in the understanding of the various inventive aspects, however, the disclosed method is not intended to be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the claimed invention requires more features than are expressly recited in each claim.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that modules in the apparatus of the embodiments may be adaptively changed and arranged in or more apparatuses different from the embodiments, that modules or units or components in the embodiments may be combined into modules or units or components, and further, that they may be divided into sub-modules or sub-units or sub-components, that all features disclosed in this specification (including the accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), and all processes or units of any method or apparatus so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except at least of such features and/or processes or units are mutually exclusive, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature disclosed in this specification (including the accompanying claims, abstract and drawings) may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose.
Furthermore, those of skill in the art will appreciate that while the embodiments described herein include some features included in other embodiments, not others, combinations of features of different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the invention and form different embodiments.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that some or all of the functions of some or all of the components of an apparatus for detecting the wearing state of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention may be implemented in practice using a microprocessor or Digital Signal Processor (DSP). The present invention may also be implemented as a device or apparatus program (e.g., a computer program and a computer program product) for performing part or all of the methods described herein. such a program implementing the present invention may be stored on a computer readable medium or may be in the form of 2 or more signals 539.
For example, FIG. 6 shows a schematic block diagram of an electronic device according to embodiments of the invention, the electronic device conventionally comprising a processor 61 and a memory 62 arranged to store computer executable instructions (program code), the memory 62 may be an electronic memory such as a flash memory, an EEPROM (electrically erasable programmable read Only memory), an EPROM, a hard disk or a ROM, the memory 62 having a storage space 63 storing program code 64 for performing the steps of the method shown in FIG. 1 and in any of the embodiments, for example, the storage space 63 for the program code may comprise respective program code 64 for implementing the various steps in the above method, respectively, the program code may be read from or written to the or more computer program products , such computer program products may comprise program code carriers such as a hard disk, a Compact Disk (CD), a memory card or a floppy disk, such computer program products are typically computer readable storage media such as described in FIG. 7, the computer readable storage media may have similar storage spaces as in the electronic device 62 of FIG. 6, the arrangement of the program code may cause the execution of the program code to be performed by the electronic device when the steps described, such as the method, for example, the steps described by the electronic device, when the device may perform the steps described, such as the method.
While the foregoing is directed to embodiments of the present invention, other modifications and variations of the present invention may be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the above teachings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing detailed description is for the purpose of better explaining the present invention, and the scope of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1, kinds of aviation parts machining automation line's many restraint scheduling calculation method, its characterized in that includes:
acquiring process information and order task information of a part to be processed of an automatic production line;
determining the priority of each process task in the order task information;
on the premise of meeting various constraint conditions, sequencing the process tasks according to the priority of the process tasks;
under the early stage that various constraint conditions are met, simulating the actual operation process of an automatic production line, and obtaining a scheduling calculation result, wherein the scheduling calculation result comprises the predicted starting and ending time of each process task and a task list of equipment.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
and calculating the predicted ending time of the order task according to the starting ending time of each process task.
3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining field real-time data of an automatic production line, wherein the field real-time data comprise automatic production line resource information.
4. The method of claim 3, further comprising:
and calculating the demand of each resource according to the task list of the equipment and the resource information of the automatic production line.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the ordering the process tasks according to their priorities on the premise that a plurality of constraints are satisfied comprises:
and performing optimization calculation on the scheduling rules by adopting a genetic programming algorithm according to the set optimization target, and performing priority calculation on each process task according to the scheduling rules on the premise of meeting various constraint conditions so as to sequence each process task.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein simulating the actual operation process of the automation line on the premise that the plurality of constraints are satisfied comprises:
and on the premise of meeting various constraint conditions, simulating the actual operation process of the automatic production line by adopting an event-driven method.
7, kind of aviation parts machining automation line's many restraint arrangement of production accounting device, its characterized in that includes:
the information acquisition unit is used for acquiring process information and order task information of the part to be processed of the automatic production line;
the priority determining unit is used for determining the priority of each process task in the order task information;
the sequencing unit is used for sequencing each process task according to the priority of each process task on the premise of meeting various constraint conditions;
and the result acquisition unit is used for simulating the actual operation process of the automatic production line on the premise of meeting various constraint conditions and acquiring the scheduling calculation result, wherein the scheduling calculation result comprises the predicted starting and ending time of each process task and the task list of the equipment.
An electronic device of the type , wherein the electronic device comprises:
a processor; and the number of the first and second groups,
a memory arranged to store computer-executable instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to perform the method of any of claims 1-6.
9, computer readable storage media, wherein the computer readable storage media stores or more programs, the or more programs when executed by a processor implement the method of any of claims 1-6 to .
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