CN108226821A - The method for improving atom magnetometer detection sensitivity - Google Patents
The method for improving atom magnetometer detection sensitivity Download PDFInfo
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- CN108226821A CN108226821A CN201810137929.7A CN201810137929A CN108226821A CN 108226821 A CN108226821 A CN 108226821A CN 201810137929 A CN201810137929 A CN 201810137929A CN 108226821 A CN108226821 A CN 108226821A
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- air chamber
- atomic air
- light
- detection light
- convex reflecting
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
- G01R33/032—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux using magneto-optic devices, e.g. Faraday or Cotton-Mouton effect
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measuring Magnetic Variables (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses it is a kind of improve atom magnetometer detection sensitivity method, including（1）, the both sides of atomic air chamber place two symmetrical overlapping of axles convex reflecting mirror；（2）, detection light atomic air chamber is injected with incident angle α and forms between two convex reflecting mirrors multiple reflections, the minimum value of incident angle α is：α=sin‑1[w/ (2D)], wherein：W refers to the width of detection light, the two convex reflecting mirrors spacing parallel with atomic air chamber width direction when D refers to the incidence for the first time of detection light；（3）, detection light project atomic air chamber, measure field strength values using the magnetic field intensity method directly proportional with detecting the total length that is acted in atomic air chamber of light.The present invention increases detection light to the compression of incidence angle by convex reflecting mirror and walks number in atomic air chamber, and each twice for walking its effect back and forth and being exactly the prior art, it is exactly repeatedly multiple twice back and forth, so as to which the detection sensitivity of atom magnetometer be greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to atomic sensor fields, and in particular to a kind of method for improving atom magnetometer detection sensitivity.
Background technology
In recent years, with the development of quantum theory, atom manipulation, contemporary optics and micro-processing technology, atom accelerates
Spend the atomic sensors more and more extensive researchs and application such as meter, atom magnetometer, atom laser gyroscope.Wherein there is a kind of atomic magnetic force
Instrument be by detection light after polarized alkali metal atom air chamber its certain characteristic quantity（Such as light intensity or polarization state）Variation
To detect magnetic field size.
Below by taking method of the variation of polarization state for passing through detection light according to Faraday magnetooptical effect to detect magnetic field as an example
It is illustrated（This method is widely adopted in the technologies such as atom magnetometer, atomic spin gyro）.As shown in figure 3, a is
Atomic air chamber, the interior alkali metal atom gas contained in saturated vapor pressure of gas chamber and other required function gases, alkali metal are former
Son is in spin-polarized state（This usual target is completed by optical pumping effect, and circular polarization pump light is by atomic air chamber
Alkali metal atom absorb, the angular momentum of photon passes to alkali metal atom, so as to realize alkali metal atom outermost electron
Spin polarization）.The linearly polarized light of a certain specific frequency passes through the atomic air chamber a that width is L, due to Faraday effect, emergent light c
Polarization direction relative to the polarization direction of incident light b by rotation angle θ：
θ=kLB,
Wherein θ is rotation angle, and k is Verdet constant, and L is the width of atomic air chamber, and B is magnetic field intensity.
It can thus be concluded that：B=θ/(k L), wherein θ are the polarization direction angle rotated detection limit.
Obviously, θ is smaller, L is bigger, and the sensitivity of detection magnetic field intensity B is higher.It is certainly necessary to reduce θ as possible,
However it is always limited to reduce the factors such as line width and signal-to-noise ratio of the θ because being limited to linearly polarized light.It is another so when mono- timings of θ
The method for increasing detection of magnetic field sensitivity is exactly to increase the width L of atomic air chamber, however atomic air chamber is restricted by other factors
It is impossible infinitely to do greatly, it is even more impossible especially in Miniaturization Design, this also becomes one and seems implacable lance
Shield.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide one kind to make detection of magnetic field sensitivity in the case where not changing atomic air chamber size
The method of raising atom magnetometer detection sensitivity greatly improved.
This method for improving atom magnetometer detection sensitivity provided by the invention, includes the following steps：
（1）, the both sides of atomic air chamber place two symmetrical overlapping of axles convex reflecting mirror；
（2）, detection light injected with incident angle α and atomic air chamber and form multiple reflections between two convex reflecting mirrors, incident angle α
Minimum value is：
α=sin-1[w/(2D)]
Wherein：W refers to the width of detection light, two convex reflecting mirrors and atomic air chamber width direction phase when D refers to the incidence for the first time of detection light
Parallel spacing；
（3）, detection light project atomic air chamber, it is directly proportional with detecting the total length that is acted in atomic air chamber of light using magnetic field intensity
Method measure field strength values.
In the step（3）In, detection light projects atomic air chamber, and into polarization optical vibration direction detecting system, detection is inclined
It shakes direction rotational angle theta, obtains magnetic field intensity B：
∆B=∆θ/(k· L0)
Wherein：K is Verdet constant, L0The total length acted in atomic air chamber for detection light.
High-reflecting film is coated on the surface of the convex reflecting mirror.
The convex reflecting mirror is convex cylindrical mirror or convex spherical speculum.
To ensure the incidence of detection light and projecting space, the height of at least one convex reflecting mirror is less than atomic air chamber
Highly.
The detection light is linearly polarized light.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages：
1st, detection light is allowed to form multiple reflections in atomic air chamber in the case where not changing atomic air chamber width using speculum
Increase detection light and walk distance in atomic air chamber, according to magnetic field intensity and the total length that is acted in atomic air chamber of detection light into
The method of direct ratio can more accurately obtain field strength values, so as to improve magnetic field detection sensitivity.
2nd, the minimum incident angle α value of control detection light, makes detection light not blocked completely by the speculum of light incident side, and through another
After the speculum reflection of side, reflected light can be entirely fallen on the speculum of light incident side, it is ensured that detected the integrality of light, be ensure that
Magnetic field detection sensitivity.
3rd, it is convex surface by mirror design, above its symmetry axis, every time in the incidence angle of atomic air chamber internal reflection all
Gradually reducing, the Bottom Runby of light beam is also gradually reducing, can in same range more roundtrip, can
Realizing increases detection light in the case where not changing atomic air chamber height walks distance in atomic air chamber, so as to improve magnetic field inspection
Survey sensitivity；After light beam enters the lower section of the symmetry axis of two convex reflecting mirrors, the incidence angle of roundtrip gradually increases again
Greatly, when its eventually off atomic air chamber, it is smoothly defeated without being blocked by speculum that the angle of emergence has been more than α angles again
Go out, it is ensured that detect the integrality of light, ensure that magnetic field detection sensitivity.
4th, it can obtain the order of reflection being arbitrarily designated by adjusting the incidence angle and incoming position of detection light, be more suitable for transporting
For under specific research environment.
The present invention considerably increases detection light in atomic air chamber by convex reflecting mirror to the compression of incidence angle
Number is walked, and each twice for walking its effect back and forth and being exactly the prior art, it is exactly repeatedly multiple twice back and forth, so as to substantially
Degree improves the detection sensitivity of atom magnetometer.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the relation schematic diagram of the width of light beam of detection light and incidence angle in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structure diagram of the prior art.
The label and corresponding component name shown in figure be：
1st, atomic air chamber；2/3rd, convex reflecting mirror；4th, light is detected.
Specific embodiment
This method for improving atom magnetometer detection sensitivity of the present invention, includes the following steps：
（1）, in the both sides of atomic air chamber place the convex reflecting mirror of two symmetrical overlapping of axles, contain in atomic air chamber and steamed in saturation
The alkali metal atom gas of vapour pressure and other required function gases, alkali metal atom are in spin-polarized state, at least one
The height of convex reflecting mirror is less than the height of atomic air chamber；
（2）, detection light in the convex reflecting mirror side less than atomic air chamber height side, injected in atomic air chamber, visited with incident angle α
The light beam for surveying light is reflected across the convex reflecting mirror through opposite side after atomic air chamber, again passes through atomic air chamber, the reflection
The light convex reflecting mirror reflection through light incident side again, again passes through atomic air chamber directive opposite side convex reflecting mirror, so repeatedly,
Multiple reflections are formed between two convex reflecting mirrors, the minimum value of incident angle α is：
α=sin-1[w/ (2D)],
Wherein：W refers to the width of detection light, two convex reflecting mirrors and atomic air chamber width direction phase when D refers to the incidence for the first time of detection light
Parallel spacing；
（3）, detection light 4 project atomic air chamber 1, the total length that magnetic field intensity B is utilized to be acted in the atomic air chamber 1 with detection light 4
L0Directly proportional method measures field strength values.
In the present invention, high-reflecting film is coated on the surface of convex reflecting mirror 2 and 3, convex reflecting mirror 2 and 3 is pillar
Face speculum or convex spherical speculum；Detection light 4 is linearly polarized light, is usually made of laser light source, lens group, polarizer etc.
Light source assembly generates.
This method for improving atom magnetometer detection sensitivity of the present invention is can be seen that from Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, including as follows
Step：
（1）, the both sides of atomic air chamber 1 place two symmetrical overlapping of axles convex cylindrical mirror 2 and 3, convex reflecting mirror 2 and 3
Reflecting surface is positioned opposite；Contain alkali metal atom gas and other required function gas in saturated vapor pressure in atomic air chamber 1
Body, alkali metal atom are in spin-polarized state, and convex reflecting mirror 2 and 3 uses convex cylindrical mirror, and convex reflecting mirror 2 and 3
Height be respectively less than the height of atomic air chamber 1, make convex reflecting mirror there are detection light up and down to output and input atomic air chamber
Space；
（2）, detection light 4 in the top of 2 side of convex reflecting mirror, injected in atomic air chamber 1 with incident angle α, the light beam of detection light 4 is worn
It is reflected after crossing atomic air chamber 1 through convex reflecting mirror 3, again passes through atomic air chamber 1, the reflected light is again through convex reflecting mirror 2
Reflection, again passes through 1 directive convex reflecting mirror 3 of atomic air chamber, so repeatedly, is formed between two convex reflecting mirrors 2 and 3 multiple
Reflection；Wherein, detection light 4 for the first time incident atoms gas chamber 1 when two convex reflecting mirrors 2 and 3 it is parallel with atomic air chamber width L directions
Spacing for D, detection light 4 roundtrip between two convex reflecting mirrors 2 and 3 is propagated, if the width of detection light 4 is w, it is desirable that detection
Light 4 is not blocked completely by convex reflecting mirror 2, and after the reflection of convex reflecting mirror 3, reflected light is entirely fallen on convex reflecting mirror 2,
The minimum incident angle α for then detecting light 4 is：
α=sin-1[w/(2D)]。
（3）, detection light 4 project atomic air chamber 1, into polarization optical vibration direction detecting system, detect polarization direction corner
θ obtains magnetic field intensity B：
∆B=∆θ/(k· L0)
Wherein：K is Verdet constant, L0The total length acted in atomic air chamber for detection light.
The reflection process described in step 2 above, since speculum is convex surface, in the symmetrical of convex reflecting mirror 2 and 3
Above axis, the incidence angle per secondary reflection all reduces in gradually compression, and the Bottom Runby of light beam is also gradually reducing, and makes detection light 4
Can in the atomic air chamber 1 of similary height more roundtrip；When the light beam of detection light 4 enters two convex reflecting mirrors 2
Behind the lower section of 3 symmetry axis, the incidence angle of roundtrip gradually increases again, when detection 4 eventually off atomic air chamber 1 of light
When, the angle of emergence of detection light 4 has been more than α angles and has smoothly been exported without being blocked by speculum.
Claims (6)
- A kind of 1. method for improving atom magnetometer detection sensitivity, it is characterised in that include the following steps：（1）, the both sides of atomic air chamber place two symmetrical overlapping of axles convex reflecting mirror；（2）, detection light injected with incident angle α and atomic air chamber and form multiple reflections between two convex reflecting mirrors, incident angle α Minimum value is：α=sin-1[w/(2D)]Wherein：W refers to the width of detection light, two convex reflecting mirrors and atomic air chamber width direction phase when D refers to the incidence for the first time of detection light Parallel spacing；（3）, detection light project atomic air chamber, it is directly proportional with detecting the total length that is acted in atomic air chamber of light using magnetic field intensity Method measure field strength values.
- 2. the method according to claim 1 for improving atom magnetometer detection sensitivity, it is characterised in that：In the step （3）In, detection light projects atomic air chamber, into polarization optical vibration direction detecting system, detects polarization direction rotational angle theta, obtains magnetic Field intensity B：∆B=∆θ/(k· L0)Wherein：K is Verdet constant, L0The total length acted in atomic air chamber for detection light.
- 3. the method according to claim 1 for improving atom magnetometer detection sensitivity, it is characterised in that：On the convex surface The surface of speculum is coated with high-reflecting film.
- 4. the method according to claim 1 or 2 for improving atom magnetometer detection sensitivity, it is characterised in that：It is described convex Face speculum is convex cylindrical mirror or convex spherical speculum.
- 5. the method according to claim 1 or 2 for improving atom magnetometer detection sensitivity, it is characterised in that：At least The height of one convex reflecting mirror is less than the height of atomic air chamber.
- 6. the method according to claim 1 or 2 for improving atom magnetometer detection sensitivity, it is characterised in that：The spy Survey light is linearly polarized light.
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| CN201810137929.7A CN108226821A (en) | 2018-02-10 | 2018-02-10 | The method for improving atom magnetometer detection sensitivity |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114035129A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-02-11 | 中国科学技术大学 | Atomic gas cell with high transmittance, manufacturing method thereof and atomic magnetometer |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114035129A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-02-11 | 中国科学技术大学 | Atomic gas cell with high transmittance, manufacturing method thereof and atomic magnetometer |
| CN114035129B (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-12-30 | 中国科学技术大学 | Atomic gas cell with high transmittance, manufacturing method thereof and atomic magnetometer |
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Application publication date: 20180629 |