CN106707202A - High spatial resolution magnetic field detection device and method - Google Patents
High spatial resolution magnetic field detection device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106707202A CN106707202A CN201710017847.4A CN201710017847A CN106707202A CN 106707202 A CN106707202 A CN 106707202A CN 201710017847 A CN201710017847 A CN 201710017847A CN 106707202 A CN106707202 A CN 106707202A
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
Abstract
The invention relates to a high spatial resolution magnetic field detection device and a detection method. The detection method comprises the steps that: 1) reflective films are arranged on the bottom layer and the top layer of an atomic gas chamber; 2) a beam propagation direction of a polarized non-uniform distribution vector beam changes when the polarized non-uniform distribution vector beam passes through a beam deflection scanner, and the polarized non-uniform distribution vector beam is incident from the side surface of the atomic gas chamber to realize multiple reflection of dynamic atomic vapor pumping; 3) a probe light source emits a probe beam incident from the side surface of the atomic gas chamber, and part of probe light is transmitted out of the top layer through transmission to form a probe beam array; 4) a photoelectric detector transmits an array signal to an information processing analysis unit after the probe beam array undergoes light splitting by means of a polarizing beam splitter; 5) and the step 4) is carried out repeatedly during the pump route scanning process, and the information processing analysis unit analyzes photoelectric distribution information of spatial difference of data, thereby realizing high spatial resolution magnetic field detection. The high spatial resolution magnetic field detection device and the detection method have the advantages of simple method, high sensitivity, large amount of detection information, dynamic pumping, high spatial resolution and the like, and do not require a low-temperature refrigeration system.
Description
Technical field
It is particularly a kind of to be used for biomedicine, geologic survey, resource the present invention relates to a kind of detector for magnetic field and method
Reconnoitre, earthquake prediction, industrial circle, navigator fix, material analysis, ocean engineering, quantum sensing, in the field such as brain magnetic core magnetic
High sensitivity magnetic field is detected.
Background technology
The instrument for measuring magnetic field is referred to as magnetometer, magnetometer, gaussmeter, the physics in the magnetic field described in the International System of Units
Amount is magnetic induction intensity, and unit is tesla, and nanotesla is commonly used in geoscience（nT）It is used as units of measurement, is commonly used in engineering single
Position is then Gauss.Magnetic field detection is widely used in biomedicine, geologic survey, resource exploration, earthquake prediction, industrial circle, leads
The fields such as boat positioning, material analysis, ocean engineering, quantum sensing, brain magnetic core magnetic, with the raising that detection is required, examine to magnetic force
Survey performance requirement also urgent all the more.For example in magneticencephalogram (Magnetoencephalography, abbreviated as MEG) detection field, brain
Magnetic chart detection means be it is a kind of to human body non-invasive, "dead" Brain mapping completely as Detection Techniques, in brain science, life
Played in the fields such as medical treatment, biotechnology, health detection, disease treatment, man-machine interaction, Based Intelligent Control, behavior tissue and weighed very much
The effect wanted, the magneticencephalogram that magnetic field detection is obtained may apply to operation prelocalization, the neurosurgery of Diagnosis of Epilepsy and Epileptic focus
Diagnosis, the wound of operation consent cerebral function area positioning, ischemic cerebrovascular disease prediction and diagnosis, mental disease and mental handicape disease
The research of assessment and identification, judicial expertise and application of detecting a lie, language, vision, the sense of hearing, body-sensing induction of cerebral function etc., high afterwards
Performance magnetic field detection method has important Research Significance and extensive use value.
In first technology, there is magnetic field detection method, including commercialization general headquarters Sweden trans-corporation
The production Elekta Neuromag TRIUX model magneticencephalogram instrument of Elekta companies；Tristan company of the general headquarters in the U.S. produces
MagView model magneticencephalogram instrument.Referring to United States Patent (USP), patent name is high-reslution to first technology
Magenetoencephalography system, components and methods, Patent No. US7197352B2, specially
The sharp mandate time is on March 27th, 2007.First technology have the advantages that it is suitable, but it is not enough to there are some essence：1）Detection
Magnetic field device the principle on which is that SPUID detects magnetic field, is imitated with flux quantization and Josephson's tunnelling
It is Cleaning Principle to answer two kinds of physical phenomenons, it is necessary to cryogenic refrigerating system, is generally freezed using liquid nitrogen or liquid helium, and system architecture is multiple
It is miscellaneous；2）Detection means detection sensitivity is limited to Cleaning Principle and system constructing complexity, for the flexibility of magneticencephalogram detection
Difference；3）Device volume is big, it is impossible to realize miniaturization, and construction cost is high, detects magnetic field limited spatial resolution, and influence uses model
Enclose.
The content of the invention
Deficiency it is an object of the invention to be directed to above-mentioned technology, there is provided a kind of high spatial resolution detector for magnetic field and
Method, the device and method have method it is simple, without cryogenic refrigerating system, simple structure, be easy to implement, sensitivity is high, inspection
Measurement information amount is big, dynamic pumping, spatial resolution is high, flexibility is good, be capable of achieving miniaturization, function is easy to expand, range of application
Wide the features such as.
The technical scheme is that：A kind of high spatial resolution detector for magnetic field, including atomic gas room, polarize it is non-
It is uniformly distributed vector beam light source, light beam deflection scanner, probe source, photodetector, processing and analysis unit, the atom
The bottom and top layer of gas compartment set reflectance coating, and top layer top is provided with photodetector, photodetector connection Treatment Analysis list
Unit, atomic gas room side is externally provided with polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam light source, light beam deflection scanner, detects light
Source.
The atomic gas room uses cuboid transparent configuration, the reflectance coating that the bottom and top layer in atomic gas room are set
Polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam reflectivity to polarizing non-uniform Distribution vector beam light source outgoing is 97%；Atomic gas
The reflectance coating that the bottom of indoor survey is set is 97% to the reflectivity of probe source outgoing detection light beam, is surveyed in atomic gas room
The reflectance coating that top layer is set is to the reflectance value of probe source outgoing detection light beam between 80%-95%；In atomic gas room
The side wall of survey is provided with anti-reflection film.
Light beam deflection scanner, light beam deflection scanning are provided with the polarization non-uniform Distribution vector light source emitting light path
Device is spectrum mirror galvanometer, and the reflectivity to polarizing non-uniform Distribution vector light source outgoing beam is 99%, and probe source is gone out
The transmissivity for penetrating detection light beam is 99%.
Described polarization non-uniform Distribution vector light source is radial polarisation circular polarization recombination laser light source or azimutal polarization
Circular polarization recombination laser light source.Described photodetector is 2 D photoelectric detector, and 2 D photoelectric detector is Charged Couple
Device or complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS) electric transducer.Described atomic gas room is alkali metal atom gas compartment.
A kind of detection method of use high spatial resolution detector for magnetic field, its step is：1）Polarization non-uniform Distribution
The polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam of vector beam light source outgoing occurs by light beam deflection scanner (3) direction of beam propagation
Change, multiple reflections dynamic atom steam pumping is realized from the side incidence of atomic gas room；2）Probe source outgoing detects light beam
Incident from atomic gas room side, there are multiple reflections in bottom and top layer in atomic gas room, have part detection light transmission to go out
Detection beam array formed and transmission in top layer there is；3）The detection beam array of the top layer transmission of atomic gas room is by polarization spectro
After the light splitting of lens array, it is received by a photoelectric detector, array signal is transmitted to information process analysis unit and carried out by photodetector
Analysis；4）Light beam deflection scanner realizes polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam pumping route scanning, repeat step 3）, at information
Photoelectricity distributed intelligence of the reason analytic unit to data analysis space otherness, realizes high spatial resolution magnetic field detection.
The step 2) specific method be：Probe source outgoing detects light beam from atomic gas room side incidence, is entering
Penetrated before the side of atomic gas room, light path by the spectrum mirror galvanometer of light beam deflection scanner spectrum mirror optics
On acting surface；On spectrum mirror optical effect face, the incidence point weight of polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam and detection light beam
It is folded；There are multiple reflections in bottom and top layer of the detection light beam in atomic gas room, reflected by the top layer of atomic gas room every time
When, there is part detection light to transmit.
The step 3) specific method be：The detection beam array of the top layer transmission of atomic gas room is by polarization spectro
After the light splitting of lens array, equidistantly to set up polarization spectroscope, spacing detects light beam in atom gas to polarizing beam splitter array with room
The transmission point spacing that body top layer is transmitted is consistent, and each transmission point transmitted light beam is by corresponding a piece of polarization spectroscope point
Light, light beam is formed in each polarization spectroscope both sides of polarizing beam splitter array；All light beams after polarization spectro are by light electrical resistivity survey
Survey device to receive, array signal is transmitted to information process analysis unit and is analyzed by photodetector.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1）First technology for detection magnetic field device the principle on which is that SPUID detects magnetic field, with magnetic flux quanta
Change and two kinds of physical phenomenons of Josephson's tunneling effect are Cleaning Principle, it is necessary to cryogenic refrigerating system, generally use liquid nitrogen or liquid
Helium freezes, and system architecture is complicated.The present invention is based on atomic magnetic force Cleaning Principle, builds atomic gas room, is steamed using light and atom
Vapour phase interaction, realizes magnetic field detection, simple and the characteristics of without cryogenic refrigerating system with method in the absence of superconductive device；
2）First technology for detection device detection sensitivity is limited to Cleaning Principle and system constructing complexity, for magneticencephalogram detection
Very flexible.The present invention combines multiple return technology in polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam pumping and chamber, and pumping is swept
Method is retouched, the bottom and top layer in atomic gas room are provided with reflectance coating；Polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam light source outgoing
Polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam changes by light beam deflection scanner direction of beam propagation, from atomic gas room side
Multiple reflections dynamic atom steam pumping is realized in incidence；Detection beam array by after the light splitting of polarizing beam splitter array, photoelectricity
Array signal is transmitted to information process analysis unit by detector, the present invention have simple structure, be easy to implement, sensitivity is high, inspection
Measurement information amount is big, dynamic pumping, the features such as spatial resolution is high, flexibility is good；The features such as function is easy to expand, has a wide range of application
3）First technique device volume is big, it is impossible to realize miniaturization, and construction cost is high, detects magnetic field limited spatial resolution, shadow
Sound uses scope.The present invention detects excitation using using full light atomic magnetic force, and realizes that light beam regulates and controls using optical element, can
To make full use of micronano optical and light electric machining process, the present invention can realize miniaturization, and construction cost is low, modularization journey
Degree is high, flexibility is strong, function is easy to the features such as expanding.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of high spatial resolution detector for magnetic field of the invention.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of high spatial resolution detector for magnetic field, including atomic gas room 1, polarization non-uniform Distribution
Vector beam light source 2, light beam deflection scanner 3, probe source 4, photodetector 6, processing and analysis unit 7.Atomic gas room 1
Bottom 102 and top layer 101 reflectance coating is set, the top of top layer 101 is provided with photodetector 6, the connection treatment point of photodetector 6
Analysis unit 7, the side of atomic gas room 1 is externally provided with polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam light source 2, light beam deflection scanner 3, detection
Light source 4.
Polarization non-uniform Distribution vector light source 2 is radial polarisation circular polarization recombination laser light source or azimutal polarization circular polarization
Recombination laser light source.Photodetector 6 is 2 D photoelectric detector, and 2 D photoelectric detector is charge-coupled image sensor or complementary gold
Category oxide semiconductor electric transducer.Atomic gas room 1 is alkali metal atom gas compartment.
High spatial resolution magnetic field detection method of the invention, is that, based on atomic magnetic force Cleaning Principle, building has repeatedly
The atomic gas room of reflex behavior, plays the polarization state space nonuniformity of polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam, using inclined
Non-uniform Distribution of shaking vector beam carries out the pumping of dynamic atom steam and further expands information dimension, increases the information of space correlation
Amount, fine space distribution information is obtained using photodetector, and high spatial resolution magnetic field detection side is realized by analyzing and processing
Method.
The step that implements of the present embodiment is：
Step 1) using cuboid transparent configuration, the bottom 102 and top layer 101 surveyed in atomic gas room 1 set for atomic gas room 1
Reflectance coating is equipped with, the reflectance coating that bottom 102 and top layer 103 are set is inclined to the outgoing of polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam light source 2
Non-uniform Distribution of shaking vector beam has high reflectance, and reflectivity is 97%；It is anti-that the bottom 102 surveyed in atomic gas room 1 is set
Penetrate film has high reflectance to probe source outgoing detection light beam, and reflectivity is 97%, and the top layer 101 surveyed in atomic gas room 1 sets
The reflectance coating put is 89% to the reflectance value of probe source outgoing detection light beam；The side wall surveyed in atomic gas room 1 is provided with
Anti-reflection film, anti-reflection film is functioned both on for polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam light source 2 and 4 liang of light source emergent lights of probe source；
Atomic gas room 1 is using the rubidium atom vapor in alkali metal；
Step 2) using non-uniform Distribution vector beam is polarized as pump light, polarize the emergent light of non-uniform Distribution vector light source 2
Light beam deflection scanner 3 is provided with road, light beam deflection scanner 3 is spectrum mirror galvanometer, to polarization non-uniform Distribution arrow
The amount outgoing beam high reflection of light source 2, reflectivity is 99%, and light beam high transmittance is detected to probe source outgoing, and transmissivity is 99%；
Polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam changes by the direction of beam propagation of light beam deflection scanner 3, realizes scanning direction, light
The outgoing beam of beam steering scanner 3 is incident from the side of atomic gas room 1, and bottom 102 and top layer 101 in atomic gas room 1 are sent out
Raw multiple reflections, the atomic vapour in atomic gas room 1 carries out pumping；Polarization non-uniform Distribution vector light source 2 is using radially
Polarization circular polarization recombination laser light source；
Step 3) to detect light beam incident from the side of atomic gas room 1 for the outgoing of probe source 4, is being incident on the side of atomic gas room 1
Before face, light path is by the spectrum mirror optical effect face of the spectrum mirror galvanometer of light beam deflection scanner 2；In spectrum
On beam splitter optical acting surface, the incidence point of polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam and detection light beam is overlapped；Detection light beam is in original
There are multiple reflections in the bottom 102 and top layer 101 of sub- gas compartment 1, when being reflected by the top layer 101 of atomic gas room 1 every time, have
Part detection light is transmitted；
Step 4) atomic gas room 1 top layer 101 transmission detection beam array by polarizing beam splitter array 5 light splitting
Afterwards, equidistantly to set up polarization spectroscope, spacing occurs saturating polarizing beam splitter array 5 with room detection light beam in atomic gas top layer
The transmission point spacing penetrated is consistent, each transmission point transmitted light beam by corresponding a piece of polarization spectroscope light splitting, in polarization spectro
Each polarization spectroscope both sides of lens array 5 form light beam；All light beams after polarization spectro are received by photodetector 6, light
Array signal is transmitted to information process analysis unit 7 and is analyzed by electric explorer 6；Information process analysis unit 7 uses computer,
Photodetector 6 uses charge-coupled image sensor.
Step 5) realize that polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam pumping route is scanned by light beam deflection scanner, repeat
Row step 4), photodetector can detect the photoelectricity distributed intelligence of Spatial Difference, and information process analysis unit is to data
Analysis, realizes high spatial resolution magnetic field detection.
The present embodiment correspondence is used in brain magnetic field detection, using Rd alkali metal atom steam, is realized according to algorithms of different
High spatial resolution magneticencephalogram, in the present embodiment in one-time detection, has obtained 0.2mm spatial resolutions, and sensitivity reaches 5fT
Magneticencephalogram, reached the requirement of brain magnetic field safety detection, with method it is simple, without cryogenic refrigerating system, simple structure, be easy to
Realize, sensitivity is high, detection information amount big, dynamic pumping, spatial resolution is high, flexibility is good, be capable of achieving miniaturization, function is easy
The features such as expanding, having a wide range of application.
Above-described specific embodiment has been described in detail to technical scheme and beneficial effect, Ying Li
Solution is to the foregoing is only presently most preferred embodiment of the invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in principle model of the invention
Interior done any modification, supplement and equivalent etc. are enclosed, be should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Atom gas compartment is prepared, detects Beam Control and light field analysis, photodetector use, multidimensional information in the present invention
Analyzing and processing etc. is mature technology, and inventive point of the invention is, based on atomic magnetic force Cleaning Principle, to build with repeatedly anti-
The atomic gas room of behavior is penetrated, the polarization state space nonuniformity of polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam is played, using polarization
Non-uniform Distribution vector beam carries out the pumping of dynamic atom steam and further expands information dimension, increases the information of space correlation
Amount, fine space distribution information is obtained using photodetector, and high spatial resolution magnetic field detection is realized by analyzing and processing, is given
Go out a kind of method it is simple, without cryogenic refrigerating system, simple structure, be easy to implement, sensitivity is high, detection information amount big, dynamic
Pumping, spatial resolution is high, flexibility is good, be capable of achieving miniaturization, function is easy to the magnetic field detection side that expands, have a wide range of application
Method, substantially avoids the deficiency of first technology.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of high spatial resolution detector for magnetic field, including atomic gas room（1）, polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam light
Source（2）, light beam deflection scanner (3), probe source（4）, photodetector（6）, processing and analysis unit（7）, it is characterised in that：
The atomic gas room（1）Bottom（102）And top layer（101）Reflectance coating, top layer are set（101）Top is provided with photodetector
（6）, photodetector（6）Connection processing and analysis unit（7）, the atomic gas room（1）Side is externally provided with non-homogeneous point of polarization
Cloth vector beam light source（2）, light beam deflection scanner (3), probe source（4）.
2. high spatial resolution detector for magnetic field according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The atomic gas room
（1）Using cuboid transparent configuration, in atomic gas room（1）Bottom（102）And top layer（103）The reflectance coating of setting is to polarization
Non-uniform Distribution vector beam light source（2）The polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam reflectivity of outgoing is 97%；Atomic gas room
（1）The bottom of interior survey（102）The reflectance coating of setting is 97%, atomic gas room to the reflectivity of probe source outgoing detection light beam
（1）The top layer of interior survey（101）The reflectance coating of setting is to the reflectance value of probe source outgoing detection light beam between 80%-95%；
In atomic gas room（1）The side wall of interior survey is provided with anti-reflection film.
3. high spatial resolution detector for magnetic field according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Non-homogeneous point of the polarization
Cloth vector light source（2）Light beam deflection scanner is provided with emitting light path（3）, light beam deflection scanner（3）It is spectrum mirror
Galvanometer, to polarization non-uniform Distribution vector light source（2）The reflectivity of outgoing beam is 99%, and light beam is detected to probe source outgoing
Transmissivity be 99%.
4. high spatial resolution detector for magnetic field according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described polarization is non-homogeneous
Distributing vector light source（2）It is radial polarisation circular polarization recombination laser light source or azimutal polarization circular polarization recombination laser light source.
5. high spatial resolution detector for magnetic field according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described photodetector
（6）It is 2 D photoelectric detector, 2 D photoelectric detector is charge-coupled image sensor or complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS) fax sense
Device.
6. high spatial resolution detector for magnetic field according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described atomic gas room
（1）It is alkali metal atom gas compartment.
7. a kind of detection method of any high spatial resolution detector for magnetic field of use claim 1-6, its feature exists
In its step is：1）Polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam light source（2）The polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam of outgoing is by light
Beam steering scanner (3) direction of beam propagation changes, from atomic gas room（1）Side incidence realizes that multiple reflections dynamic is former
Sub- steam pumping；2）Probe source（4）Outgoing detects light beam from atomic gas room（1）Side is incident, in atomic gas room（1）'s
Bottom（102）And top layer（101）Generation multiple reflections, have part detection light transmission to go out top layer（101）Generation transmission forms detection
Beam array（5）；3）Atomic gas room（1）Top layer（101）The detection beam array of transmission（5）By polarizing beam splitter array
Light splitting after, by photodetector（6）Receive, photodetector（6）Array signal is transmitted to information process analysis unit（7）Enter
Row analysis；4）Light beam deflection scanner（3）Realize polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam pumping route scanning, repeat step 3）,
Information process analysis unit（7）Photoelectricity distributed intelligence to data analysis space otherness, realizes that high spatial resolution magnetic field is examined
Survey.
8. detection method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：The step 2) specific method be：Probe source
（4）Outgoing detects light beam from atomic gas room（1）Side is incident, is being incident on atomic gas room（1）Before side, light path is passed through
Light beam deflection scanner（2）Spectrum mirror galvanometer spectrum mirror optical effect face on；Make in spectrum mirror optics
With on face, the incidence point of polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam and detection light beam is overlapped；Detection light beam is in atomic gas room（1）'s
Bottom（102）There are multiple reflections with top layer (101), every time by atomic gas room（1）Top layer（101）During reflection, there is portion
Detection light is divided to transmit.
9. detection method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：The step 3) specific method be：Atomic gas
Room（1）Top layer（101）The detection beam array of transmission is by polarizing beam splitter array（5）Light splitting after, polarization spectroscope battle array
Row（5）Equidistantly to set up polarization spectroscope, spacing and room detect light beam between the transmission point that atomic gas top layer is transmitted
Away from consistent, each transmission point transmitted light beam by corresponding a piece of polarization spectroscope light splitting, in polarizing beam splitter array（5）It is every
Individual polarization spectroscope both sides form light beam；All light beams after polarization spectro are by photodetector（6）Receive, photodetector
（6）Array signal is transmitted to information process analysis unit（7）It is analyzed.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108226821A (en) * | 2018-02-10 | 2018-06-29 | 金代圣 | The method for improving atom magnetometer detection sensitivity |
| CN108957363A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-12-07 | 上海理工大学 | Weak magnetic field testing device based on fusion of multi-sensor information |
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| CN102323738A (en) * | 2011-07-20 | 2012-01-18 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | Groove type atomic gas cavity and atomic clock physical system formed by same |
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Application publication date: 20170524 Assignee: Shanghai Xianluo Technology Co.,Ltd. Assignor: University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Contract record no.: X2023310000154 Denomination of invention: High spatial resolution magnetic field detection device and method Granted publication date: 20190521 License type: Common License Record date: 20231016 |