CN106707202B - High spatial resolution detector for magnetic field and method - Google Patents
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of high spatial resolution detector for magnetic field and method, steps are as follows: 1) bottom and top layer in atomic gas room are provided with reflectance coating；2) polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam changes by light beam deflection scanner direction of beam propagation, realizes the pumping of multiple reflections dynamic atom steam from the side incidence of atomic gas room；3) probe source outgoing detection light beam has part detection light transmission to go out top layer generation transmission and forms detection beam array from the incidence of atomic gas room side；4) for detection beam array after the light splitting of polarizing beam splitter array, array signal is transmitted to information process analysis unit by photodetector；5) it pumps in route scanning process, repeats step 4, high spatial resolution magnetic field detection is realized in photoelectricity distributed intelligence of the information process analysis unit to data analysis space otherness.The present invention have the characteristics that method it is simple, without cryogenic refrigerating system, high sensitivity, detection information amount be big, dynamic pumping, spatial resolution are high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of detector for magnetic field and methods, especially a kind of to be used for biomedicine, geologic survey, resource
Reconnoitre, earthquake prediction, industrial circle, navigator fix, material analysis, ocean engineering, quantum sensing, in the fields such as brain magnetic core magnetic
Highly sensitive magnetic field detecting.
Background technique
The instrument in measurement magnetic field is referred to as magnetometer, magnetometer, gaussmeter, and the physics in magnetic field is described in the International System of Units
Amount is magnetic induction intensity, and unit is tesla, and nanotesla (nT) is commonly used in geoscience as measurement unit, is commonly used in engineering single
Position is then Gauss.Magnetic field detection is widely used in biomedicine, geologic survey, resource exploration, earthquake prediction, industrial circle, leads
Magnetic force is examined with the raising of testing requirements in the fields such as boat positioning, material analysis, ocean engineering, quantum sensing, brain magnetic core magnetic
It is also more urgent to survey performance requirement.Such as in magneticencephalogram (Magnetoencephalography, abbreviated as MEG) detection field, brain
Magnetic chart detection device is completely non-invasive, the "dead" Brain mapping of a kind of pair of human body as Detection Techniques, in brain science, life
It is played in the fields such as medical treatment, biotechnology, health detection, disease treatment, human-computer interaction, intelligent control, behavior tissue very heavy
The effect wanted, the magneticencephalogram that magnetic field detection obtains can be applied to Diagnosis of Epilepsy and the operation prelocalization of Epileptic focus, neurosurgery
Diagnosis, the wound of the positioning of operation consent cerebral function area, ischemic cerebrovascular disease prediction and diagnosis, mental disease and mental handicape disease
The research of the assessment and identification, judicial expertise and application of detecting a lie of cerebral function, language, vision, the sense of hearing, body-sensing induction etc. afterwards, it is high
Performance magnetic field detection method has important research significance and value is widely applied.
In first technology, there are magnetic field detection method, including the general headquarters that have been commercialized Sweden trans-corporation
The production Elekta Neuromag TRIUX model magneticencephalogram instrument of Elekta company；Tristan company of the general headquarters in the U.S. produces
MagView model magneticencephalogram instrument.First technology is referring to United States Patent (USP), patent name high-reslution
Magenetoencephalography system, components and methods, Patent No. US7197352B2, specially
The benefit authorization time is on March 27th, 2007.Formerly technology has the advantages that suitable, but there are some essence are insufficient: 1) detecting
Magnetic field device the principle on which is that superconducting quantum interference device detects magnetic field, is imitated with flux quantization and Josephson's tunnelling
Answering two kinds of physical phenomenons is testing principle, it is necessary to which cryogenic refrigerating system generallys use liquid nitrogen or liquid helium refrigeration, system structure are multiple
It is miscellaneous；2) detection device detection sensitivity is limited to testing principle and system building complexity, for the flexibility of magneticencephalogram detection
Difference；3) device volume is big, cannot achieve miniaturization, and construction cost is high, detects magnetic field limited spatial resolution, influences using model
It encloses.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to deficiency in view of the above technology, provide a kind of high spatial resolution detector for magnetic field and
Method, the device and method have method it is simple, without cryogenic refrigerating system, structure is simple, is easy to implement, high sensitivity, inspection
Measurement information amount is big, dynamic pumping, spatial resolution are high, flexibility is good, micromation can be achieved, function is easy to expand, application range
The features such as wide.
The technical scheme is that a kind of high spatial resolution detector for magnetic field, including atomic gas room, polarization are non-
It is uniformly distributed vector beam light source, light beam deflection scanner, probe source, photodetector, processing and analysis unit, the atom
Reflectance coating is arranged in the bottom and top layer of gas compartment, and photodetector is equipped with above top layer, and photodetector connection processing analysis is single
Member, atomic gas room side are externally provided with polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam light source, light beam deflection scanner, detect light
Source.
The atomic gas room uses cuboid transparent configuration, the reflectance coating that the bottom and top layer in atomic gas room are arranged
Polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam reflectivity to polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam light source outgoing is 97%；Atomic gas
The reflectivity that the reflectance coating of the bottom setting of indoor survey is emitted detection light beam to probe source is 97%, is surveyed in atomic gas room
The reflectance coating of top layer setting is emitted the reflectance value of detection light beam between 80%-95% to probe source；In atomic gas room
The side wall of survey is provided with anti-reflection film.
Light beam deflection scanner, light beam deflection scanning are provided on the polarization non-uniform Distribution vector light source emitting light path
Device is spectrum mirror galvanometer, and the reflectivity to polarization non-uniform Distribution vector light source outgoing beam is 99%, is gone out to probe source
The transmissivity for penetrating detection light beam is 99%.
The polarization non-uniform Distribution vector light source is radial polarisation circular polarization recombination laser light source or azimutal polarization
Circular polarization recombination laser light source.The photodetector is 2 D photoelectric detector, and 2 D photoelectric detector is Charged Couple
Device or complementary metal oxide semiconductor electric transducer.The atomic gas room is alkali metal atom gas compartment.
A kind of detection method using high spatial resolution detector for magnetic field the steps include: 1) to polarize non-uniform Distribution
The polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam of vector beam light source outgoing occurs by light beam deflection scanner (3) direction of beam propagation
Change, realizes the pumping of multiple reflections dynamic atom steam from the side incidence of atomic gas room；2) probe source outgoing detection light beam
From the incidence of atomic gas room side, bottom and top layer in atomic gas room occur multiple reflections, have part detection light transmission to go out
Top layer occurs transmission and forms detection beam array；3) the detection beam array of the top layer transmission of atomic gas room passes through polarization spectro
It after the light splitting of lens array, is received by a photoelectric detector, array signal is transmitted to information process analysis unit and carried out by photodetector
Analysis；4) light beam deflection scanner realizes that polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam pumping route scans, repetition step 3), at information
Photoelectricity distributed intelligence of the analytical unit to data analysis space otherness is managed, realizes high spatial resolution magnetic field detection.
The step 2) method particularly includes: probe source outgoing detection light beam is entering from the incidence of atomic gas room side
It penetrates before the side of atomic gas room, optical path passes through the spectrum mirror optics of the spectrum mirror galvanometer of light beam deflection scanner
On acting surface；On spectrum mirror optical effect face, polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam and the incidence point weight for detecting light beam
It is folded；It detects bottom and top layer of the light beam in atomic gas room and multiple reflections occurs, reflected every time by the top layer of atomic gas room
When, there is part detection light to transmit.
The step 3) method particularly includes: the detection beam array of the top layer transmission of atomic gas room passes through polarization spectro
After the light splitting of lens array, polarizing beam splitter array is equidistantly to set up polarization spectroscope, and spacing and room detection light beam are in atom gas
The transmission point spacing that body top layer transmits is consistent, and each transmission point transmitted light beam is by corresponding a piece of polarization spectroscope point
Light forms light beam in each polarization spectroscope two sides of polarizing beam splitter array；All light beams after polarization spectro are visited by photoelectricity
It surveys device to receive, array signal is transmitted to information process analysis unit and analyzed by photodetector.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1) formerly technology detection magnetic field device the principle on which is that superconducting quantum interference device detects magnetic field, with magnetic flux
Two kinds of physical phenomenons of quantization and Josephson's tunneling effect are testing principle, it is necessary to which cryogenic refrigerating system generallys use liquid nitrogen
Or liquid helium refrigeration, system structure are complicated.The present invention is based on atomic magnetic force testing principles, construct atomic gas room, utilize light and original
Sub- steam interaction, realizes magnetic field detection, superconductive device is not present, with simple and without cryogenic refrigerating system the spy of method
Point；
2) formerly technology detection device detection sensitivity is limited to testing principle and system building complexity, for magneticencephalogram
The flexibility of detection is poor.The present invention combines the pumping of polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam and intracavitary repeatedly return technology, and pump
Pu scan method, bottom and top layer in atomic gas room are provided with reflectance coating；Polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam light source goes out
The polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam penetrated changes by light beam deflection scanner direction of beam propagation, from atomic gas room
The pumping of multiple reflections dynamic atom steam is realized in side incidence；Beam array is detected after the light splitting of polarizing beam splitter array,
Array signal is transmitted to information process analysis unit by photodetector, and the present invention is simple with structure, is easy to implement, sensitivity
The features such as high, detection information amount is greatly, dynamic pumping, spatial resolution are high, flexibility is good；Function is easy to expand, have a wide range of application
The features such as
3) formerly technique device volume is big, cannot achieve miniaturization, and construction cost is high, and detection magnetic field spatial resolution has
Limit, influences use scope.The present invention is used using the detection excitation of full light atomic magnetic force, and realizes light beam tune using optical element
Control, can make full use of micronano optical and photoelectricity processing technology, the present invention may be implemented to be miniaturized, and construction cost is low, mould
Block degree height, strong flexibility, function are easy to the features such as expanding.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of high spatial resolution detector for magnetic field of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of high spatial resolution detector for magnetic field, including atomic gas room 1, polarization non-uniform Distribution
Vector beam light source 2, light beam deflection scanner 3, probe source 4, photodetector 6, processing and analysis unit 7.Atomic gas room 1
Bottom 102 and top layer 101 reflectance coating is set, photodetector 6, the connection processing point of photodetector 6 are equipped with above top layer 101
Unit 7 is analysed, 1 side of atomic gas room is externally provided with polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam light source 2, light beam deflection scanner 3, detection
Light source 4.
Polarizing non-uniform Distribution vector light source 2 is radial polarisation circular polarization recombination laser light source or azimutal polarization circular polarization
Recombination laser light source.Photodetector 6 is 2 D photoelectric detector, and 2 D photoelectric detector is charge-coupled device or complementary gold
Belong to oxide semiconductor electric transducer.Atomic gas room 1 is alkali metal atom gas compartment.
High spatial resolution magnetic field detection method of the invention is based on atomic magnetic force testing principle, and building has multiple
The atomic gas room of reflex behavior plays the polarization state space nonuniformity of polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam, using inclined
The non-uniform Distribution vector beam that shakes carries out the pumping of dynamic atom steam and further expands information dimension, increases the information of space correlation
Amount, obtains fine space distribution information using photodetector, is handled by analysis and realizes high spatial resolution magnetic field detection side
Method.
The specific implementation step of the present embodiment are as follows:
Step 1) atomic gas room 1 uses cuboid transparent configuration, the bottom 102 and top layer surveyed in atomic gas room 1
101 are provided with reflectance coating, and the reflectance coating that bottom 102 and top layer 103 are arranged is emitted polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam light source 2
Polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam have high reflectance, reflectivity 97%；The bottom 102 surveyed in atomic gas room 1 is arranged
Reflectance coating detection light beam is emitted to probe source there is high reflectance, reflectivity 97%, the top layer surveyed in atomic gas room 1
The reflectance value that the reflectance coating of 101 settings is emitted detection light beam to probe source is 89%；The side wall surveyed in atomic gas room 1
It is provided with anti-reflection film, anti-reflection film rises for polarization 4 liang of light source emergent lights of non-uniform Distribution vector beam light source 2 and probe source
Effect；Atomic gas room 1 is using the rubidium atom vapor in alkali metal；
Step 2), as pump light, is polarized non-uniform Distribution vector light source 2 and gone out using polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam
It penetrates in optical path and is provided with light beam deflection scanner 3, light beam deflection scanner 3 is spectrum mirror galvanometer, to non-homogeneous point of polarization
2 outgoing beam high reflection of cloth vector light source, reflectivity 99% are emitted detection light beam high transmittance to probe source, and transmissivity is
99%；Polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam changes by 3 direction of beam propagation of light beam deflection scanner, realizes that direction is swept
It retouches, 3 outgoing beam of light beam deflection scanner is from the incidence of 1 side of atomic gas room, bottom 102 and top layer in atomic gas room 1
101 occur multiple reflections, pump in atomic gas room 1 atomic vapour；Non-uniform Distribution vector light source 2 is polarized to use
Radial polarisation circular polarization recombination laser light source；
The outgoing of step 3) probe source 4 detection light beam is being incident on atomic gas room from the incidence of 1 side of atomic gas room
Before 1 side, on spectrum mirror optical effect face of the optical path by the spectrum mirror galvanometer of light beam deflection scanner 2；?
On spectrum mirror optical effect face, polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam and the incidence point overlapping for detecting light beam；Detect light beam
Multiple reflections occur for bottom 102 and top layer 101 in atomic gas room 1, reflect every time by the top layer 101 of atomic gas room 1
When, there is part detection light to transmit；
The detection beam array that the top layer 101 of step 4) atomic gas room 1 transmits divides by polarizing beam splitter array 5
After light, polarizing beam splitter array 5 is equidistantly to set up polarization spectroscope, and spacing and room detection light beam occur in atomic gas top layer
The transmission point spacing of transmission is consistent, and each transmission point transmitted light beam is divided by corresponding a piece of polarization spectroscope, in polarization point
Each polarization spectroscope two sides of light microscopic array 5 form light beam；All light beams after polarization spectro are received by photodetector 6,
Array signal is transmitted to information process analysis unit 7 and analyzed by photodetector 6；Information process analysis unit 7 is using calculating
Machine, photodetector 6 use charge-coupled device.
Step 5) by light beam deflection scanner realize polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam pump route scanning, repeat into
Row step 4), photodetector can detect the photoelectricity distributed intelligence of Spatial Difference, and information process analysis unit is to data
High spatial resolution magnetic field detection is realized in analysis.
The present embodiment is corresponding to be used in brain magnetic field detection, using Rd alkali metal atom steam, is realized according to algorithms of different
High spatial resolution magneticencephalogram in the present embodiment in one-time detection, has obtained 0.2mm spatial resolution, and sensitivity reaches 5fT
Magneticencephalogram, reached the requirement of brain magnetic field safety detection, have method it is simple, without cryogenic refrigerating system, structure is simple, is convenient for
Realization, high sensitivity, detection information amount is big, dynamic pumping, spatial resolution are high, flexibility is good, micromation can be achieved, function is easy
In expand, have a wide range of application the features such as.
Technical solution of the present invention and beneficial effect is described in detail in above-described specific embodiment, Ying Li
Solution is not intended to restrict the invention the foregoing is merely presently most preferred embodiment of the invention, all in principle model of the invention
Interior done any modification, supplementary, and equivalent replacement etc. are enclosed, should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
The preparation of atom gas compartment, detection Beam Control and light field analysis, photodetector use, multidimensional information in the present invention
Analysis processing etc. is mature technology, and inventive point of the invention is that, based on atomic magnetic force testing principle, building has repeatedly anti-
The atomic gas room of behavior is penetrated, the polarization state space nonuniformity of polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam is played, using polarization
Non-uniform Distribution vector beam carries out the pumping of dynamic atom steam and further expands information dimension, increases the information of space correlation
Amount, obtains fine space distribution information using photodetector, is handled by analysis and realizes high spatial resolution magnetic field detection, given
Out a kind of method it is simple, without cryogenic refrigerating system, structure is simple, be easy to implement, high sensitivity, detection information amount are big, dynamic
Pumping, spatial resolution is high, flexibility is good, micromation can be achieved, the magnetic field detection side that function is easy to expand, have a wide range of application
Method substantially avoids the deficiency of first technology.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of high spatial resolution magnetic field detection method, using high spatial resolution detector for magnetic field, which includes original
Sub- gas compartment (1), polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam light source (2), light beam deflection scanner (3), probe source (4), photoelectricity
Reflectance coating is arranged in detector (6), processing and analysis unit (7), the bottom (102) and top layer (101) of the atomic gas room (1),
Photodetector (6) are equipped with above top layer (101), photodetector (6) connects processing and analysis unit (7), the atomic gas
Room (1) side, which is externally provided with, polarizes non-uniform Distribution vector beam light source (2), light beam deflection scanner (3), probe source (4),
It is characterized in that, the steps include: the polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam of 1) polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam light source (2) outgoing
It changes by light beam deflection scanner (3) direction of beam propagation, realizes multiple reflections from atomic gas room (1) side incidence
The pumping of dynamic atom steam；2) probe source (4) outgoing detection light beam is from the incidence of atomic gas room (1) side, in atomic gas
Multiple reflections occur for the bottom (102) and top layer (101) of room (1), have part detection light transmission to go out top layer (101) and transmission occurs
At detection beam array (5)；3) the detection beam array (5) of top layer (101) transmission of atomic gas room (1) passes through polarization spectro
It after the light splitting of lens array, is received by photodetector (6), array signal is transmitted to information process analysis list by photodetector (6)
First (7) are analyzed；4) light beam deflection scanner (3) realizes polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam pumping route scanning, repeats
High spatial resolution is realized in step 3), photoelectricity distributed intelligence of the information process analysis unit (7) to data analysis space otherness
Magnetic field detection.
2. high spatial resolution magnetic field detection method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the atomic gas room
(1) cuboid transparent configuration is used, the reflectance coating that the bottom (102) and top layer (103) in atomic gas room (1) are arranged is to polarization
The polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam reflectivity of non-uniform Distribution vector beam light source (2) outgoing is 97%；Atomic gas room
(1) reflectivity that the reflectance coating for bottom (102) setting surveyed in is emitted detection light beam to probe source is 97%, atomic gas room
(1) in survey top layer (101) setting reflectance coating to probe source be emitted detection light beam reflectance value be 80%-95% it
Between；The side wall surveyed in atomic gas room (1) is provided with anti-reflection film.
3. high spatial resolution magnetic field detection method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: non-homogeneous point of the polarization
It is provided with light beam deflection scanner (3) on cloth vector light source (2) emitting light path, light beam deflection scanner (3) is spectrum mirror
Galvanometer, the reflectivity to polarization non-uniform Distribution vector light source (2) outgoing beam are 99%, are emitted detection light beam to probe source
Transmissivity be 99%.
4. high spatial resolution magnetic field detection method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the polarization is non-homogeneous
Distributing vector light source (2) is radial polarisation circular polarization recombination laser light source or azimutal polarization circular polarization recombination laser light source.
5. high spatial resolution magnetic field detection method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the photodetector
It (6) is 2 D photoelectric detector, 2 D photoelectric detector is charge-coupled device or complementary metal oxide semiconductor fax sense
Device.
6. high spatial resolution magnetic field detection method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the atomic gas room
It (1) is alkali metal atom gas compartment.
7. high spatial resolution magnetic field detection method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step 2) it is specific
Method are as follows: probe source (4) outgoing detection light beam is being incident on atomic gas room (1) side from the incidence of atomic gas room (1) side
Before face, on spectrum mirror optical effect face of the optical path by the spectrum mirror galvanometer of light beam deflection scanner (2)；In light
It composes on beam splitter optical acting surface, polarization non-uniform Distribution vector beam and the incidence point overlapping for detecting light beam；Detection light beam exists
Multiple reflections occur for the bottom (102) and top layer (101) of atomic gas room (1), pass through the top layer of atomic gas room (1) every time
(101) when reflecting, part detection light transmits.
8. high spatial resolution magnetic field detection method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step 3) it is specific
Method are as follows: the detection beam array of top layer (101) transmission of atomic gas room (1) passes through the light splitting of polarizing beam splitter array (5)
Afterwards, polarizing beam splitter array (5) is equidistantly to set up polarization spectroscope, and spacing and room detection light beam occur in atomic gas top layer
The transmission point spacing of transmission is consistent, and each transmission point transmitted light beam is divided by corresponding a piece of polarization spectroscope, in polarization point
Each polarization spectroscope two sides of light microscopic array (5) form light beam；All light beams after polarization spectro are connect by photodetector (6)
It receives, array signal is transmitted to information process analysis unit (7) and analyzed by photodetector (6).
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| CN108226821A (en) * | 2018-02-10 | 2018-06-29 | 金代圣 | The method for improving atom magnetometer detection sensitivity |
| CN108957363A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-12-07 | 上海理工大学 | Weak magnetic field testing device based on fusion of multi-sensor information |
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| CN102323738A (en) * | 2011-07-20 | 2012-01-18 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | Groove type atomic gas cavity and atomic clock physical system formed by same |
| CN103022888A (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2013-04-03 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Alkali metal steam laser of polarized optical pumping |
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