CN108215211B - 不同材料的摩擦钻焊头连接方法 - Google Patents

不同材料的摩擦钻焊头连接方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN108215211B
CN108215211B CN201710281511.9A CN201710281511A CN108215211B CN 108215211 B CN108215211 B CN 108215211B CN 201710281511 A CN201710281511 A CN 201710281511A CN 108215211 B CN108215211 B CN 108215211B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
drill
head
weld
lower plate
hardness
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CN201710281511.9A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN108215211A (zh
Inventor
朴训模
南东勋
张埈豪
李后聃
李京汶
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hyundai Motor Co
Original Assignee
Hyundai Motor Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hyundai Motor Co filed Critical Hyundai Motor Co
Publication of CN108215211A publication Critical patent/CN108215211A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN108215211B publication Critical patent/CN108215211B/zh
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/06—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding
    • B29C65/0672—Spin welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/74—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
    • B29C66/742—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to metals or their alloys
    • B29C66/7428—Transition metals or their alloys
    • B29C66/74283—Iron or alloys of iron, e.g. steel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
    • B23K20/123—Controlling or monitoring the welding process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
    • B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
    • B23K20/1255—Tools therefor, e.g. characterised by the shape of the probe
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/129—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding specially adapted for particular articles or workpieces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/22—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
    • B23K20/227—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded with ferrous layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/06—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding
    • B29C65/0681—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding created by a tool
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/82—Testing the joint
    • B29C65/8207—Testing the joint by mechanical methods
    • B29C65/8215—Tensile tests
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/21—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being formed by a single dot or dash or by several dots or dashes, i.e. spot joining or spot welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8126—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81264—Mechanical properties, e.g. hardness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81427—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth
    • B29C66/81429—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth comprising a single tooth
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81431—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single cavity, e.g. a groove
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/924—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/9261—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the displacement of the joining tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/93—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the speed
    • B29C66/934—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the speed by controlling or regulating the speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/93—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the speed
    • B29C66/939—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the speed characterised by specific speed values or ranges
    • B29C66/9392—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the speed characterised by specific speed values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. speed diagrams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/95—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94
    • B29C66/959—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 characterised by specific values or ranges of said specific variables
    • B29C66/9592—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 characterised by specific values or ranges of said specific variables in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. X-Y diagrams
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B5/00—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
    • F16B5/08—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of welds or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/006—Vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
    • B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/16—Composite materials, e.g. fibre reinforced
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B29C66/7212—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the composition of the fibres
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2261/00—Machining or cutting being involved

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了不同材料的摩擦钻焊头连接方法。具体地，本发明涉及以优良的连接强度使包含聚合物复合材料与高拉力钢的不同材料连接的方法，更特别地，涉及在其中设计并调节摩擦钻焊头连接中的各种变量以改进不同材料之间的连接载荷的方法。

Description

不同材料的摩擦钻焊头连接方法
技术领域
本发明涉及以优良的连接强度使不同材料例如聚合物复合材料与高拉力钢连接的方法。更特别地，本发明涉及在其中设计并调节摩擦钻焊头连接(friction bitjoining)中的各种变量以改进不同材料之间的连接载荷的方法。
背景技术
在汽车工业中，为改进燃料效率并解决环境问题，已通过使用轻量型金属(例如铝合金)以及塑料来促进车身重量的减少。基于本目的，现在正考虑一种连接方法，其可替代通常应用于装配车身的点焊。
连接不同材料的传统方法包括机械连接方法，例如使用自冲铆接(SPR)的方法、使用摩擦热的摩擦搅拌焊接(FSW)方法等。
在SPR方法中，通过液压或气压将铆钉压入待连接的目标物(例如金属板)中而未在待连接的目标物中形成孔，并且使该铆钉塑性变形，从而连接目标物。近来，SPR方法常常用在汽车工业中。但是，由于现在将具有高强度和低伸长率的超高拉力钢用作车身，所以要使用SPR方法使超高拉力钢与聚合物复合材料充分地连接会很困难或是不可能的。
在FSW方法中，通过将压力施加至铆钉的同时使其旋转，所述铆钉穿过由轻量型材料形成的上板，然后因由旋转摩擦引起的摩擦热而使所述铆钉焊接至由钢材料形成的下板。但是，FSW方法并未表现出充足的连接力，因此当使金属与聚合物复合材料连接时该方法并不适用，而为了解决这种问题，在将粘合剂应用在上板与下板之间时，摩擦会因粘合剂而无法有效地发生，因此焊接强度会下降。
因此，现在需要的是开发以充足的连接强度使超高拉力钢与聚合物复合材料连接的方法，所述超高拉力钢具有高强度和低伸长率。
公开于该发明背景部分的信息仅仅旨在增加对本发明的总体背景的理解，而不应当被视为承认或以任何形式暗示该信息构成已为本领域技术人员所公知的现有技术。
发明内容
本发明的各个方面旨在提供以优良的连接强度使超高拉力钢与聚合物复合材料连接的方法，其中所述超高拉力钢具有高强度和低伸长率，所述聚合物复合材料为轻量型并包含碳纤维增强塑料。
本发明的另一方面旨在提供设计为改进连接强度的使不同材料连接的方法。
在一方面，本发明旨在提供不同材料的摩擦钻焊头连接方法，其中使用包括头部和柄部的钻焊头来使由聚合物复合材料形成的上板与由高拉力钢板或超高拉力钢板形成的下板连接，所述钻焊头由具有HRC 25至HRC 30的硬度的高拉力钢形成，通过调节轴旋转速度、钻焊头的硬度、钻焊头钻入深度以及钻焊头钻入速度而将上板与下板之间的搭接剪切强度设计为4kN至6.5kN。
在示例性实施方案中，钻焊头可由包含0.35重量％至0.45重量％的碳的高拉力钢形成，更特别地由AISI 4140钢形成。
在另一示例性实施方案中，聚合物复合材料可为碳纤维增强塑料(CFRP)或玻璃纤维增强塑料(GFRP)。
仍在另一示例性实施方案中，当下板由具有590MPa的拉伸强度的高拉力钢板形成时，可在以下条件下使上板与下板连接：
轴旋转速度为2500RPM至3000RPM，
钻焊头硬度为HRC 13至HRC 18，
钻焊头钻入深度为0.15英寸至0.18英寸，以及
钻焊头钻入速度为4ipm(英寸/分钟)至5ipm。
还在另一示例性实施方案中，钻焊头的硬度可通过以下来调节：在800℃至900℃的温度下对钻焊头进行热处理，然后以10℃/hr至15℃/hr的冷却速度使钻焊头冷却至650℃至700℃的温度。
仍然还在另一示例性实施方案中，当下板由具有980MPa的拉伸强度的超高拉力钢板形成时，可在以下条件下使上板与下板连接：
轴旋转速度为2000RPM至2200RPM，
钻焊头钻入深度为0.15英寸至0.18英寸，以及
钻焊头钻入速度为6ipm至7ipm。
在进一步的示例性实施方案中，当下板由具有1180MPa的拉伸强度的超高拉力钢板形成时，可在以下条件下使上板与下板连接：
轴旋转速度为2500RPM至3000RPM，
钻焊头硬度为HRC 41至HRC 45，
钻焊头钻入深度为0.15英寸至0.18英寸，以及
钻焊头钻入速度为4ipm至5ipm。
在另一进一步的示例性实施方案中，钻焊头的硬度可通过以下来调节：在800℃至900℃的温度下对钻焊头进行热处理，对钻焊头进行淬火，然后在250℃至300℃的温度下使钻焊头回火10分钟至1小时。
本发明的各个方面与示例性实施方案在下文进行讨论。
本发明的方法和装置具有其它的特征和优点，这些特征和优点从并入本文中的附图和随后的具体实施方式将是显而易见的，或者将在并入本文中的附图和随后的具体实施方式中进行更详细的陈述，这些附图和具体实施方式共同用于解释本发明的某些原理。
附图说明
图1中的(a)、(b)和(c)连续地示出摩擦钻焊头连接方法的工艺图；
图2示出实施例1与比较例1中不同材料的连接结构的搭接剪切强度的测定结果图；
图3示出实施例2中不同材料的连接结构的搭接剪切强度的测定结果图；
图4示出实施例3、实施例4与比较例2中不同材料的连接结构的搭接剪切强度的测定结果图。
应当了解，附图并不必须是按比例绘制的，其示出了某种程度上简化表示的说明本发明基本原理的各个特征。在此所公开的本发明的特定设计特征，包括例如特定的尺寸、定向、定位和形状，将部分地由特定目的的应用和使用环境所确定。
在这些附图中，在贯穿附图的多幅图形中，附图标记指代本发明的相同或等同的部分。
具体实施方式
现在将具体参考本发明的各个实施方案，在附图中和以下的描述中示出了这些实施方案的示例。虽然本发明与示例性实施方案相结合进行描述，但是应当了解，本说明书并非旨在将本发明限制为这些示例性实施方案。相反，本发明旨在不但覆盖这些示例性实施方案，而且覆盖可以被包括在由所附权利要求所限定的本发明的精神和范围之内的各种替换、修改、等同形式以及其它实施方案。
在本发明的以下描述中，对并入本文中的已知功能和配置的详细描述将在其会使得本发明的主题名称很不清楚时被省略。在以下实施方案的描述中，术语“包含”和“包括”将理解为说明其它元件或元素的存在，除非另有说明，该术语并不排除相应元件或元素的存在。
本发明涉及使用充当连接构件的钻焊头来使由聚合物复合材料形成的上板与由高拉力钢板或超高拉力钢板形成的下板连接的方法。更具体地，本发明涉及通过摩擦钻焊头连接方法使上板与下板连接的方法。
图1中的(a)、(b)和(c)连续地示出摩擦钻焊头连接方法的工艺图。参考图1中的(a)、(b)和(c)，在上板10与下板20的表面相互接触的情况下通过工具40使包括头部31和柄部32的钻焊头30旋转并受压，从而刺穿上板10。随后，在钻焊头30接触下板20的情况下通过工具40使钻焊头30连续不断地旋转并受压，从而在钻焊头30与下板20之间产生摩擦热。在这里，通过摩擦热使钻焊头30及其周边熔化(A)，然后，当停止通过工具40使钻焊头30旋转和受压时，在固态结合下使钻焊头30结合至其周边(B)。通过这样的工艺，使上板10与下板20连接。
根据本发明，为了通过摩擦钻焊头连接方法使由聚合物复合材料形成的上板10与由高拉力钢板或超高拉力钢板形成的下板20连接，应有效地控制钻焊头30与下板20之间的摩擦热。这基于的原因在于聚合物复合材料和钢板具有不同的物理性质即热扩散率和热导率。当摩擦热的量不足时，固态结合的状态很差而且连接力下降。当摩擦热的量过多时，由聚合物复合材料形成的上板会被热损坏，或者钻焊头的硬度会下降并由此在钻焊头与下板之间不会发生摩擦。
在本发明中，为了通过摩擦钻焊头连接方法使聚合物复合材料与高拉力钢板或超高拉力钢板连接，要调节并设计各种变量。在下文中，将对此进行详细描述。
钻焊头30可由具有HRC 25至HRC 30的硬度(洛氏硬度)的高拉力钢形成，由包含35重量％至45重量％的碳的高拉力钢形成，更特别地由AISI 4140钢形成。这种AISI 4140钢为以下的低合金钢，所述低合金钢具有0.42重量％的碳(C)、0.84重量％的锰(Mn)以及0.25重量％的硅(Si)，并包含作为增强剂的铬(Cr)、钼(Mo)等。
钻焊头30可包括：头部31，其接触工具40并接受来自工具40的旋转压力；以及柄部32，其从头部31伸出，如在图1中示例性示出。钻焊头30可具有其它不同的形状，如在图1中所示的钻焊头30为了操作方便性以及批量生产性而具有简单的形状。
上板10可由聚合物复合材料形成。更具体地，上板10可由碳纤维增强塑料(CFRP)或玻璃纤维增强塑料(GFRP)形成。
如在图1中示例性示出，钻焊头30穿过上板10。随着钻焊头30刺穿上板10，上板10会破裂并由此会出现包括毛边的碎片。这种碎片会降低上板10的表面质量并由此需要立即将其去除。可连续地随着摩擦钻焊头连接工艺或不连续地从摩擦钻焊头连接工艺中去除碎片。为了确保优良的表面品质，可连续地随着摩擦钻焊头连接工艺去除碎片，而尽管碎片的去除并不限制于特定的方法，可考虑其中单独的真空排气结构形成于用以固定上板和下板的夹具或夹板上并由此吸入碎片的方法。
在根据本发明实施方案的连接方法中，当下板20由具有590MPa的拉伸强度的高拉力钢板形成时，在以下条件下使上板10与下板20连接：
轴旋转速度为2500RPM至3000RPM，
钻焊头硬度为HRC 13至HRC 18，
钻焊头钻入深度为0.15英寸至0.18英寸，
钻焊头钻入速度为4ipm(英寸/分钟)至5ipm。
轴旋转速度意指工具40围绕工具40和钻焊头30的轴的旋转速度。
钻焊头钻入深度意指在钻焊头30穿过上板10并接触下板20之后，在通过由工具40所施加的压力使钻焊头30连续不断地旋转时钻焊头30刺入下板20的深度。
钻焊头钻入速度意指通过工具40使钻焊头30插入上板10和下板20的速度。
当满足上述条件时，可以以优良的连接强度使由不同材料形成的上板10和下板20连接。更具体地，当适当地调节钻焊头30的轴旋转速度和硬度时，在钻焊头30与由高拉力钢板形成的下板20之间可产生充足的摩擦热，从而直至完成连接可使连接部位牢牢地形成而不使钻焊头30软化或不使上板10和下板20受损。此外，当适当地调节钻焊头钻入深度和钻入速度时，钻焊头30可刺穿上板10而不使钻焊头30的形状变形和长度改变。
钻焊头30的硬度为用以在钻焊头30与下板20之间产生摩擦的重要因素，并且其可通过对钻焊头30进行特定的处理而被调节为与下板20的硬度相近。
根据本发明，钻焊头30由具有HRC 25至HRC 30的硬度的高拉力钢形成，而根据其中将具有590MPa的拉伸强度的高拉力钢板(HRC11.0至HRC 15.7)用作下板20的本发明的该实施方案，钻焊头30的硬度高于下板20的硬度。因此，当不对钻焊头30的硬度进行调节时，钻焊头30可在产生充足的摩擦热之前就刺入下板20。
在本发明中，通过将钻焊头30的硬度调节为与下板20的硬度相近，在钻焊头30与下板20之间的摩擦热可最大化地增加，而且在该情况中，也对轴旋转速度等进行调节从而使得钻焊头30或上板10或下板20分别不受损，并由此最大化地改进聚合物复合材料与不同材料的高拉力钢之间的连接强度。
根据本发明的该实施方案，为了调节钻焊头30的硬度，在800℃至900℃的温度下对钻焊头30进行热处理，然后以10℃/hr至15℃/hr的冷却速度使钻焊头30调节至650℃至700℃的温度。换言之，通过上述的方法使钻焊头30软化至具有HRC 13至HRC 18的硬度。
在根据本发明另一实施方案的连接方法中，当下板20由具有980MPa的拉伸强度的超高拉力钢板形成时，在以下条件下使上板10与下板20连接：
轴旋转速度为2000RPM至2200RPM，
钻焊头钻入深度为0.15英寸至0.18英寸，
钻焊头钻入速度为6ipm至7ipm。
轴旋转速度、钻焊头钻入深度以及钻焊头钻入速度具有基本上与上述本发明的在先实施方案中相同的含义，因此将省略它们的详细描述。
根据本发明的该实施方案，将具有980MPa的拉伸强度的超高拉力钢板用作下板20，并且下板20的硬度(HRC 30)与钻焊头30的硬度相近。因此，根据本发明的该实施方案，即使当对钻焊头30不进行特定的处理时，在钻焊头30与下板20之间也产生充足的摩擦热。
在仍根据本发明的另一实施方案的连接方法中，当下板20由具有1180MPa的拉伸强度的超高拉力钢板形成时，在以下条件下使上板10与下板20连接：
轴旋转速度为2500RPM至3000RPM，
钻焊头硬度为HRC 41至HRC 45，
钻焊头钻入深度为0.15英寸至0.18英寸，
钻焊头钻入速度为4ipm至5ipm。
如上所述，钻焊头30由具有HRC 25至HRC 30的硬度的高拉力钢形成，而根据其中将具有1180MPa的拉伸强度的超高拉力钢板(HRC 42)用作下板20的本发明的该实施方案，钻焊头30的硬度低于下板20的硬度。因此，当不对钻焊头30的硬度进行调节时，钻焊头30的形状不变形，因此，即使在产生充足的摩擦热时，连接形状也不统一，而且连接强度的改进会不显著。
因此，根据本发明的该实施方案，为了调节钻焊头30的硬度，在800℃至900℃的温度下对钻焊头30进行热处理之后，对钻焊头30进行淬火，然后在250℃至300℃的温度下对钻焊头30进行回火10分钟至1小时。换言之，通过上述的方法使钻焊头30硬化至具有HRC 41至HRC 45的硬度。
因此，根据本发明，当使用钻焊头30来使由聚合物复合材料形成的上板10与由高拉力钢板或超高拉力钢板形成的下板20连接时，对钻焊头30的材料、轴旋转速度、钻焊头硬度、钻焊头钻入深度以及钻焊头钻入速度进行调节从而可以以4kN至6.5kN的充足连接强度使上板10与下板20连接。
在下文中，通过实施例将更详细地描述本发明。但是，这些实施例用来示例性地描述本发明而本发明的范围并不受限于此。
实施例1和比较例1
在以下所描述的条件下通过图1中所示的方法使不同的材料连接。
将具有2.0mm的厚度的碳纤维增强塑料(TB Carbon公司的CPF3327/M.012或Skyflex公司的K51)板用作上板，而将具有1.2mm的厚度和590MPa的拉伸强度的高拉力钢板用作下板。
制备然后使用由AIAS 4140钢形成并包括头部和柄部的钻焊头。在815℃的温度下，在火炉中对钻焊头进行热处理，然后以11℃/hr的冷却速度对钻焊头进行空气冷却至665℃的温度。生成的钻焊头30具有HRC 18的硬度。
将钻焊头钻入深度设为0.17英寸，钻焊头钻入速度设为4ipm，并且通过从1500RPM至4000RPM改变轴旋转速度而数次使用钻焊头来使上板与下板连接，从而在聚合物复合材料与高拉力钢板之间产生不同材料连接结构。这些条件设定为实施例1。
为与实施例1进行比较，在与实施例1中相同的条件下使用不对其硬度进行调节的钻焊头来使上板与下板连接，这些条件设定为比较例1。
测定根据实施例1和比较例1所产生的不同材料连接结构的搭接剪切强度，并由此来评价其连接强度。更具体地，以0.4mm/min的变形速度使用(MTS公司的)液压拉伸测定仪来测定不同材料连接结构的搭接剪切强度。获得的结果在图2中示出。
参考图2，可理解的是其中对钻焊头的硬度进行调节的实施例1中的不同材料连接结构具有显著高于比较例1中不同材料连接结构的搭接剪切强度，而且特别地，实施例1中的不同材料连接结构在2500RPM至3000RPM的轴旋转速度下具有4.8kN至5.0kN的最大搭接剪切强度。
实施例2
在以下所描述的条件下通过图1中所示的方法使不同的材料连接。
将具有2.0mm的厚度的碳纤维增强塑料(TB Carbon公司的CPF3327/M.012)板用作上板，而将具有1.2mm的厚度和980MPa的拉伸强度的超高拉力钢板用作下板。
使用与在实施例1中所使用的钻焊头相同的钻焊头。该钻焊头具有HRC 30的硬度。
将钻焊头钻入深度设为0.17英寸，钻焊头钻入速度设为6.75ipm，并且通过从1500RPM至2500RPM改变轴旋转速度而数次使用钻焊头来使上板与下板连接，从而在聚合物复合材料与高拉力钢板之间产生不同材料连接结构。这些条件设定为实施例2。
测定根据实施例2所产生的不同材料连接结构的搭接剪切强度，并由此来评价其连接强度。获得的结果在图3中示出。参考图3，可理解的是当轴旋转速度小于2000RPM时，摩擦热不足而由此使搭接剪切强度急剧下降；而当轴旋转速度超过2200RPM时，摩擦热的量过多而由此使上板受损或使钻焊头软化并断裂，从而使搭接剪切强度也急剧下降。此外，可理解的是当钻焊头的硬度、钻焊头钻入深度和钻焊头钻入速度满足上述条件且轴旋转速度为2000RPM至2200RPM时，测得多达约6.5kN的最大搭接剪切强度。
实施例3、实施例4以及比较例2
在以下所描述的条件下通过图1中所示的方法使不同的材料连接。
将具有2.0mm的厚度的碳纤维增强塑料(TB Carbon公司的CPF3327/M.012)板用作上板，而将具有1.2mm的厚度和1180MPa的拉伸强度的超高拉力钢板用作下板。
使用与在实施例1中所使用的钻焊头相同的钻焊头。在850℃的温度下对钻焊头进行热处理之后，对钻焊头进行油淬火，然后在260℃的温度下对钻焊头进行回火0.5小时。生成的钻焊头具有HRC 41至HRC45的硬度。
将钻焊头钻入深度设为0.17英寸，钻焊头钻入速度设为4ipm，并且通过从2200RPM至4000RPM改变轴旋转速度而数次使用钻焊头来使上板与下板连接，从而在聚合物复合材料与高拉力钢板之间产生不同材料连接结构。这些条件设定为实施例3。此外，除了将钻焊头钻入速度设为5ipm且轴旋转速度从2500RPM至3500RPM变化外，通过与实施例3相同的方法而数次使用钻焊头来使上板与下板连接，从而在聚合物复合材料与高拉力钢板之间产生不同材料连接结构。这些条件设定为实施例4。
为与实施例3和实施例4进行比较，在与实施例4中相同的条件下使用不对其硬度进行调节的钻焊头来使上板与下板连接，这些条件设定为比较例2。
测定根据实施例3、实施例4和比较例2所产生的不同材料连接结构的搭接剪切强度，并由此来评价其连接强度。获得的结果在图4中示出。
参考图4，可理解的是根据其中对钻焊头的硬度进行调节的实施3和实施例4所产生的不同材料连接结构具有高于根据比较例2所产生的不同材料连接结构的搭接剪切强度，而且实施例4中的不同材料连接结构在2500RPM至3000RPM的轴旋转速度下具有约4.2kN的最大搭接剪切强度。
尽管实施例1至实施例4将具有590MPa的拉伸强度的高拉力钢板或具有980MPa或1180MPa的拉伸强度的超高拉力钢板用作下板，但本发明并不限制于此，而且当适当地设计并调节轴旋转速度、钻焊头的硬度、钻焊头钻入深度以及钻焊头钻入速度时，其它的高拉力钢板或超高拉力钢板也可用作下板，从而以优良的连接强度使上板与下板连接。
从以上描述中显而易见的是，根据本发明的不同材料的摩擦钻焊头连接方法可具有如下的效果。
当使超高拉力钢与聚合物复合材料连接时，可适当地设计轴旋转速度、钻焊头的硬度等，并由此可以以优良的连接强度使不同的材料连接，而不损坏连接部位且无表面缺陷。
因此，根据本发明的不同材料的摩擦钻焊头连接方法可提供具有极大改进的能量吸收能力的不同材料连接结构，还能够提供轻量型效率和耐久性。
此外，通过应用根据本发明的设计方法和设计因素，即使在使用任何的高拉力钢或任何的超高拉力钢时，都可以以优良的连接强度使高拉力钢或超高拉力钢与轻量型的聚合物复合材料连接。
为了方便解释和精确限定所附权利要求，术语“上部”、“下部”，“内部的”、“外部的”、“上”、“下”、“向上”、“向下”、“前面”、“后面”、“背部”、“在里面”、“在外面”、“向内”、“向外”、“内部”、“外部”、“向前”和“向后”是用于参考图中显示的这些特征的位置来描述示例性实施方案的特征。
已呈现的前述对本发明的具体示例性实施方案的描述是为了例证和说明的目的。这些描述并非旨在穷尽本发明，或者将本发明限定为所公开的精确形式，并且很显然，根据上述教导，可以进行很多修改和变型。对示例性实施方案进行选择和描述是为了解释本发明的某些原理及其实际应用，从而使得本领域的其他技术人员能够实现并利用本发明的各种示例性实施方案以及它们的各种替换和修改。本发明的范围意在由所附的权利要求书及其等同形式所限定。

Claims (4)

1.一种不同材料的摩擦钻焊头连接方法，其中
使用包括头部和柄部的钻焊头来使由聚合物复合材料形成的上板与由钢板形成的下板连接；
所述钻焊头由具有HRC 25至HRC 30的硬度的钢形成，其中所述钻焊头的硬度通过以下方式调节为HRC 13至HRC 18：在800℃至900℃的温度下对所述钻焊头进行热处理，然后以10℃/hr至15℃/hr的冷却速度使所述钻焊头冷却至650℃至700℃的温度；以及
通过调节轴旋转速度、所述钻焊头的硬度、钻焊头钻入深度以及钻焊头钻入速度而将上板与下板之间的搭接剪切强度设计为4kN至6.5kN，
其中，当所述下板由具有590MPa的拉伸强度的钢板形成时，在以下条件下使上板与下板连接：轴旋转速度为2500RPM至3000RPM，钻焊头钻入深度为0.15英寸至0.18英寸，以及钻焊头钻入速度为4英寸/分钟至5英寸/分钟。
2.根据权利要求1所述的不同材料的摩擦钻焊头连接方法，其中所述钻焊头由包含0.35重量％至0.45重量％的碳的钢形成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的不同材料的摩擦钻焊头连接方法，其中所述钻焊头由AISI4140钢形成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的不同材料的摩擦钻焊头连接方法，其中所述聚合物复合材料为碳纤维增强塑料或玻璃纤维增强塑料。
CN201710281511.9A 2016-12-22 2017-04-26 不同材料的摩擦钻焊头连接方法 Expired - Fee Related CN108215211B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1020160177092A KR20180073348A (ko) 2016-12-22 2016-12-22 이종재질의 마찰 비트 접합 방법
KR10-2016-0177092 2016-12-22

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN108215211A CN108215211A (zh) 2018-06-29
CN108215211B true CN108215211B (zh) 2021-11-12

Family

ID=62509883

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201710281511.9A Expired - Fee Related CN108215211B (zh) 2016-12-22 2017-04-26 不同材料的摩擦钻焊头连接方法

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20180178316A1 (zh)
KR (1) KR20180073348A (zh)
CN (1) CN108215211B (zh)
DE (1) DE102017109215A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016205924A1 (de) * 2016-04-08 2017-10-12 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Hybridverbindung sowie Vorrichtung dazu

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104203480A (zh) * 2012-03-02 2014-12-10 麦加斯特尔科技有限责任公司 材料的摩擦钻头接合
CN104972648A (zh) * 2014-04-03 2015-10-14 宝马股份公司 用于接合构件的方法和设备

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6247633B1 (en) * 1999-03-02 2001-06-19 Ford Global Technologies, Inc. Fabricating low distortion lap weld construction
DE102009002912A1 (de) * 2008-12-03 2010-06-10 Brose Fahrzeugteile Gmbh & Co. Kommanditgesellschaft, Coburg Fahrzeugsitz mit einer Mehrzahl von Struktur-oder Halteteilen sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen von Struktur-oder Halteteilen eines solchen Fahrzeugsitzes
US10384296B2 (en) * 2014-12-15 2019-08-20 Arconic Inc. Resistance welding fastener, apparatus and methods for joining similar and dissimilar materials
CN105463451B (zh) * 2015-11-30 2017-12-12 西安建筑科技大学 一种提高搅拌摩擦焊用搅拌头耐磨耐高温性能的方法
CN105945419B (zh) * 2016-06-24 2017-12-26 哈尔滨万洲焊接技术有限公司 摩擦形变触发自蔓延辅助铝/钢搅拌摩擦搭接方法

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104203480A (zh) * 2012-03-02 2014-12-10 麦加斯特尔科技有限责任公司 材料的摩擦钻头接合
CN104972648A (zh) * 2014-04-03 2015-10-14 宝马股份公司 用于接合构件的方法和设备

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Optimization of the friction-stir-welding process and tool parameters to attain a maximum tensile strength of AA7075-T-6 aluminium alloy;S Rajakumar等;《ENGINEERING MANUFACTURE》;20100801;第224卷(第B8期);1175-1191 *
Study of mechanical joint strength of aluminum alloy 7075-T6 and dual phase steel 980 welded byfriction bit joining and weld-bonding under corrosion medium;Yong chae Lim, et al;《MATERIALS & DESIGN》;20150315;第69卷;37-43 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20180178316A1 (en) 2018-06-28
DE102017109215A1 (de) 2018-06-28
CN108215211A (zh) 2018-06-29
KR20180073348A (ko) 2018-07-02

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Haghshenas et al. Joining of automotive sheet materials by friction-based welding methods: A review
Peng et al. Recent development of improved clinching process
KR101488118B1 (ko) 마찰교반용접 동안에 하중을 최소화하기 위해 고회전 속도를 사용한 시스템
US8234770B2 (en) Method and apparatus for joining metals using self-piercing rivets with preheating
Mallick Joining for lightweight vehicles
EP2689882B1 (en) An apparatus and process for joining homogeneous and heterogeneous materials with customized interface properties
Zhang et al. Study on failure mechanism of mechanical clinching in aluminium sheet materials
JP6102806B2 (ja) 異種部材の接合方法
JP6315017B2 (ja) 金属部材と樹脂部材との接合方法
Miles et al. Spot welding of aluminum and cast iron by friction bit joining
KR102098217B1 (ko) 구조용 강의 마찰 교반 접합 방법 및 장치
US20060024145A1 (en) Friction stir rivet and method of joining therewith
KR20180077492A (ko) 레이저 국부 연화 열처리를 통한 초고장력강과 비강철소재의 접합방법
CN104384698A (zh) 一种多物理场辅助异种金属材料电阻焊方法
CN108215211B (zh) 不同材料的摩擦钻焊头连接方法
KR102096919B1 (ko) 구조용 강의 마찰 교반 접합 방법 및 장치
US11946504B2 (en) Assemblies, riveted assemblies, methods for affixing substrates, and methods for mixing materials to form a metallurgical bond
Yang et al. Microstructure and mechanical properties of dissimilar pinless friction stir spot welded 2A12 aluminum alloy and TC4 titanium alloy joints
Zhang et al. Lap joint properties of FSBRed dissimilar metals AZ31 Mg alloy and DP600 high-strength steel with various parameters
US11602904B2 (en) Method for joining a metal component and a polymer component, and structure comprising said components
Hao et al. Recent development of improved clinching process
Legdin Joining of metal and fiber composites
JP6319341B2 (ja) 金属部材と樹脂部材との接合方法およびその方法で使用される金属部材と樹脂部材とからなる接合部材セット
Shirley Toward a Production Ready FBJ Process for Joining Dissimilar Combinations of GADP 1180 Steel and AA 7085-T76
Amir et al. A new design for friction stir spot joining of Al alloys and carbon fibre reinforced composites

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20211112

CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee