CN108214307A - A kind of crushing amount preferred design method that thick controlled distribution is cut based on abrasive grain - Google Patents
A kind of crushing amount preferred design method that thick controlled distribution is cut based on abrasive grain Download PDFInfo
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- CN108214307A CN108214307A CN201810046401.9A CN201810046401A CN108214307A CN 108214307 A CN108214307 A CN 108214307A CN 201810046401 A CN201810046401 A CN 201810046401A CN 108214307 A CN108214307 A CN 108214307A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B53/00—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces
- B24B53/06—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces of profiled abrasive wheels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of crushing amount preferred design methods that thick controlled distribution is cut based on abrasive grain, include the following steps：(1) setting wheel face abrasive grain parameter is provided, gives grinding dosage, setting target abrasive grain according to processing result cuts thick distribution；(2) wheel face abrasive grain parameter is cut thick distribution with grinding dosage progress abrasive grain after virtual finishing to calculate, calculates abrasive grain and cut thick distribution；(3) it the abrasive grain that step (2) calculates is cut into the target abrasive grain that thick distribution set with step (1) cuts thickness and is distributed and be compared, if the two difference is too big, adjust virtual trim amount, step (2), (3) cycle are carried out again, thick distribution is cut until abrasive grain that step (3) calculates to cut with the abrasive grain set in step (1) after thick distributional difference meets established standards, stops calculating.Grinding wheel is modified using preferred trim amount, grinding wheel combines given grinding dosage and is processed after finishing, effective can reach expected processing purpose.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to grinding fields, and in particular to a kind of crushing amount that thick controlled distribution is cut based on abrasive grain is preferably set
Meter method.
Background technology
Grinding is the main manufacturing process of part high dimensional accuracy, great surface quality, is the weight of advanced manufacturing technology
Want component part.The control of grinding process and the Accurate Prediction of processing result are most important to efficient precise grinding processing technology.
Grinding is numerous abrasive grains realizes micro-cutting respectively under bonding agent holding, and then from the processing for macroscopically removing workpiece material
Mode.In other words, grinding is the removal of material macroscopic aspect on tool, is really that every abrasive grain is cut on microcosmic
Cut completion.Therefore, each abrasive grain cutting thickness value is always the crucial controlled quentity controlled variable of grinding process and grinding result.Due to manufacture
Problem, wheel face height of grain is irregular, and seriously affect each abrasive grain cuts thick and then influence processing quality.Crushing
It is to grind the excessively high part of abrasive grain on grinding wheel so as to obtain height of protrusion than more consistent wheel face by dressing tool.It is aobvious
So, crushing is most important to grinding process, and how to select the biggest problem that rational trim amount is crushing.
How trim amount is selected, and industry mostly by measuring wheel face abrasive grain contour, then carries out trim amount, then
It measures again, so repeatedly, until meeting the requirements.This method obviously takes time and effort, is inefficient, is of high cost, and cannot meet and add
Work result demand, finishing is inadequate sometimes, modifies again sometimes excessive.Therefore, how to be considered based on processing result, design crushing
Amount has become the main points of industry active demand.And to realize this main points, it needs to find grinding wheel abrasive grain parameter and processing result
Bridge.
In research process is ground, industry mainly uses single abrasive grain maximum undeformed chip thickness to be ground for bridge
Process Design.But existing single abrasive grain maximum undeformed chip thickness be based on wheel face on all abrasive grains be uniformly distributed and
The consistent perfect condition of size, form, height of protrusion is assumed.In other words, the cutting output of every abrasive grain on grinding wheel is assumed that
It is uniform, it has been an ideal grinding wheel, so also just It is not necessary to finishing.So this bridge clearly cannot be used for repairing
Whole amount design.
Described in summary, it cannot meet industry need from the high property angle design crushing amount of wheel face abrasive grain merely
It asks.More rational crushing amount design is found, counter push away can be especially carried out from processing result and is designed and can be truly
Reflect the trim amount design method of the interference cutting depth situation of abrasive grain and workpiece, it is clear that particularly urgent.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to solve not being difficult to carry out crushing amount design hardly possible by constraint of processing result at present
Topic proposes a kind of crushing amount preferred design method that thick controlled distribution is cut based on abrasive grain.
Technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of crushing amount preferred design method that thick controlled distribution is cut based on abrasive grain, is included the following steps：
(1) target abrasive grain is set according to processing result and cuts thick distribution, provided setting wheel face abrasive grain parameter, give grinding
Dosage sets target abrasive grain according to processing result and cuts thick distribution, gives trim amount initial value；
(2) structure digitlization grinding wheel carries out grinding wheel and virtually modifies, then by the wheel face abrasive grain parameter after virtual finishing
Abrasive grain is carried out with grinding dosage and cuts thick distribution calculating, and it is penetraction depth to calculate every abrasive grain of wheel face with interference, obtains abrasive grain
Cut thick distribution；
(3) it the abrasive grain that step (2) calculates is cut into thick distribution cuts thick be distributed with setting abrasive grain in step (1) and be compared, if
The two difference exceeds established standards value, adjusts trim amount, carries out step (2), (3) step cycle again, until step (2) calculates
Abrasive grain cut thick distribution and cut thick distributional difference less than established standards value with setting abrasive grain in step (1), stop calculating, step (2)
It is preferred design trim amount that the trim amount of last time adjustment, which is,；
(4) step (1) grinding wheel is modified using preferred trim amount, is ground after finishing with step (1) grinding dosage
It cuts, can efficiently obtain the processing result of step (1).
In an embodiment of the present invention, the processing result include grinding efficiency, workpiece surface roughness, grinding force,
At least one of grinding temperature, grinding workpiece sub-surface damage degree.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the abrasive grain cuts every abrasive grain incision of wheel face when thick distribution is grinding
Workpiece depth.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the grinding dosage includes grinding speed, grinding depth and feed speed.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the abrasive grain parameter include location parameter of the abrasive grain on grinding wheel, height parameter,
Abrasive Particle Size.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the established standards described in step (3) are must to overlap feelings for weighing two curves
Condition, including standard deviation, similarity, error, average value, registration one or more, value size is true according to actual requirement
It is fixed.
In an embodiment of the present invention, it is characterised in that the abrasive grain described in step (2) cut thick distribution calculate include following A,
B, C, D, E calculating process：
A, structure digitlization grinding wheel：The abrasive grain parameter of wheel face is expressed as a matrix { Gjk}p×q, p × q refers to square
Battle array is p row q column matrix, i.e., grinding wheel cylindrical has the distribution of p row q row abrasive grain, element GjkRepresent the jth row kth row mill of abrasive surface
Grain, 0≤i≤p, 0≤k≤q, Gjk={ Xjk,Zjk,dgjk,hjk}；XjkRepresent abrasive grain GjkIn the position coordinates of grinding tool circumferencial direction,
ZjkRepresent abrasive grain GjkIn the position coordinates of grinding tool axial direction, dgjkRepresent Abrasive Particle Size, hjkRepresent the height of protrusion of abrasive grain；It will
The wheel face abrasive grain parameter that user gives imports matrix { Gjk}p×q；
B, grinding wheel is virtually modified：In matrix { Gjk}p×qIn, height of protrusion maximum value hmax is found out, then subtracts hmax
It is Grain protruding height maximum value hdrmax, i.e. hdrmax=hmax-dr after modifying to go the value obtained by trim amount dr；Finally,
It will be in matrix { Gjk}p×qMiddle abrasive grain GjkHeight of protrusion value hjkIt is handled compared with carrying out size with hdrmax, if hjk<Hdrmax, then
Not to hjkIt changes, if hjk>=hdrmax, then by hjkValue replace with hdrmax；Change i, k values, to matrix { Gjk}p×q
In the height of protrusion values of all abrasive grains handled；
C, abrasive grain profile trajectory calculation：Coordinate system XYZ is fixed on work top, translation direction of the X-direction for workpiece, Z
Direction is consistent with axial direction (grinding tool width) direction of grinding tool, and Y-direction is identical with work top normal direction, and coordinate origin is placed on work
Make platform central position conjunction；For flat surface grinding, grinding tool is with speed vsRotation, and with speed vwOpposite piece moves；T moment is ground
Grain GjkMovement Locus Equation of the centre of sphere in XYZ coordinate system be：
zc(t)=Zjk (c)
In formula, xc(t)、yc(t)、zc(t) it is abrasive grain GjkThe coordinate of centre of sphere t moment in XYZ coordinate system, Zjk、dgjk、hjk
Abrasive grain G is represented respectivelyjkCoordinate, Abrasive Particle Size and Grain protruding height are put in grinding tool axial direction direction position；, x0、y0It is grinding tool center
Coordinate in XYZ coordinate system, θ=2lg/ds, lgIt is initial position of the abrasive grain along grinding tool circumferencial direction, lg=Xjk, dsIt is that grinding tool is straight
Diameter, ap、vw、vsGrinding parameter, i.e. grinding dosage, wherein apIt is grinding depth, vwIt is feed-speed, vsIt is abrasive grinding wheel
Linear velocity, t are process times；
It is further coupled by abrasive grain shape with abrasive grain centre of sphere movement locus, obtains any one abrasive grain G on wheel facejk
The equation of motion of upper any point (xg, yg, zg)：
(xg-xc(t))2+(yg-yc(t))2+(zg-zc(t))2=(dgjk)2 (d)
D, workpiece is discrete：Workpiece is cut into n spacing for Δ x and perpendicular to the section in workpiece translational motion direction, section
Between separation delta x be multiplied by n represent workpiece length；Each section cuts into the vertical line that m stripe pitch is Δ z again, and line segment exists
The length in y- directions represents the height of workpiece, and the separation delta z between line segment is multiplied by the width that m represents workpiece；In this way, workpiece just from
Dissipate into the vertical line segment of n × m items；After discretization, workpiece can be represented with a two-dimensional array W, store the height of each vertical line
Value, position of each line segment in array represent that u represents the position of X-direction with subscript u, v, and v represents the position of Z-direction, 0 ＜ u
＜ n, 0 ＜ v ＜ m；The coordinate x of v root vertical lines on u sectionsuvAnd zuvIt is expressed as：
xuv=u* Δ x (e)
zuv=v* Δ z (g)
E, abrasive grain is cut thick distribution and is calculated：Abrasive grain GjkIt can pass through following step with the interference depth of u-th of section v root vertical line
Suddenly it obtains：
1. abrasive grain G is read from grinding tool numerical modeljkAbrasive Particle SizeProud exposure hjk, abrasive grain axial position sit
Mark Zjk(zc) and circumferential initial position co-ordinates Xjk；
2. to equation (a), x is enabledc(t)=xuv, the numerical solution of t is acquired by Newton iteration method, equation (b) is substituted into, can obtain
yc(t)；
3. xc(t)、yc(t)、zc(t) equation (d) is substituted into, and is solved with equation (e), (f)；If equation is without solution, explanation
Abrasive grain GjkThere is no intersection point with vertical line v；Otherwise, it solves equation and acquiresAnd the elemental height value with being stored in workpiece array WIt compares, ifIllustrate abrasive grain GjkIt in the top of vertical line v, is not in contact with vertical line v, otherwise, acquires mill
Grain GjkCut height, that is, cutting-in depth of vertical line vSimultaneously willIt is stored in interim array WtIn, and
WithIt replacesAfter be stored in array W；
4. converting j and k values, above 1. 2. 3. step is repeated, you can acquire wheel face abrasive grain abrasive grain matrix { Gjk}p×qIn
The interference depth of all abrasive grains and all vertical lines on plane u, and correspondence is stored in matrixObtain abrasive grain
Thickness of cutting is distributed.
In an embodiment of the present invention, it gives wheel face abrasive grain parameter to generate by distribution function, have
Body is Abrasive Particle Size dgjkIt is distributed to obtain by Abrasive Particle Size；Abrasive grain is in the nominal position coordinate of wheel face Rand Z for value range in the random of (0,1), α is grinding wheel
Upper abrasive grain Distribution of A Sequence and the angle of grinding wheel axial direction；The offset Z of abrasive grain Z-direction is represented using distribution functiondevAnd X-axis side
To offset Xdev, then GjkIn the actual position coordinate Z of wheel facejkA kind of=the mill that thick distribution constraint is cut based on abrasive grain
Cut dosage design method+Zdev, Xjk=Δ Xj+Zjk/tan(α)+Xdev。
In an embodiment of the present invention, the distribution function includes Weibull function, Rayleigh Distribution Function, partial velocities
At least one of function, exponential function, polynomial function, normal distyribution function.
Advantage of the present invention
(1) thick distribution is cut using abrasive grain and cuts workpiece depth to weigh abrasive grain cutting on Grinding Process wheel face,
Than it is existing using it is preferable assume after cut thick value (so-called single abrasive grain maximum thickness of cutting) with an abrasive grain than more accurately, conjunction
It manages, effectively.
(2) abrasive grain cuts thick distributed problem solving procedure and carries out ideal to parameters such as grinding wheel Abrasive Particle Size, position distributions
Change etc. it is assumed that required abrasive grain cut thick distribution more can be close to actual processing process.
(4) by controlling the actual processing amount (i.e. abrasive grain cuts thick distribution) of wheel face abrasive grain, more than existing but from sand
Abrasive grain parameter considers more rationally more accurately, more advanced on wheel.
(3) thick distribution is cut, and then with this preferred crushing amount, then by constraint setting target abrasive grain of processing result with this
It is preferred that trim amount carry out crushing, and then carry out grinding, can quickly and effectively reach expected processing result, avoid because
For the plenty of time that adjustment trim process consumes, labour, material resources and financial resources etc. really realize intelligence manufacture.
Description of the drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 cuts thick distribution map for abrasive grain.Wherein distribution 1 cuts thick distribution for target abrasive grain；What distribution 2 was obtained for calculating process
One abrasive grain cuts thick distribution；Distribution 3 is final calculation result.
Fig. 2 is grinding wheel position coordinates schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the Grain protruding height distribution map of not trimmed grinding wheel；
Fig. 4 is Grain protruding height distribution maps of the Fig. 4 by virtual finishing grinding wheel；
Fig. 5 is the interference schematic diagram (being parallel to X/Y plane) of abrasive grain and workpiece.
Fig. 6 interferes schematic diagram (being parallel to X/Y plane) for the discrete signal of workpiece and its with abrasive grain；
Fig. 7 is that the machined surface quality before and after optimization design compares (a) using the processing table surface for being not optimised grinding dosage
(b) using the finished surface that grinding dosage is ground after optimization.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment one：
In the present embodiment, grinding dosage optimization design is carried out as target using the machined surface quality obtained.Has workpiece
For No. 45 steel, it is contemplated that processing result surface roughness Ra is less than 0.4um, and user is existing to give wheel face abrasive grain parameter, granularity,
Position and height of protrusion are normal distribution, and parameter is：Grain size N (550,0.25), position N (0.1,0.4) height of protrusion are N
(67,0.15) it is grinding speed v to give machining dosages=45m/s, feed speed vw=20m/min, grinding depth apFor 10um；
It is 50um that trim amount, which is tentatively estimated,
Specific optimization design flow：
(1) target abrasive grain is set according to processing result and cuts thick distribution, as shown in the distribution 1 of Fig. 1；Given grinding wheel abrasive grain parameter
Using user's set-point, i.e., user is existing gives wheel face abrasive grain parameter, and granularity, position and height of protrusion are normal state point
Cloth, parameter are：Grain size N (550,0.25), position N (0.1,0.4) height of protrusion are N (67,0.15)；Grinding dosage (grinding
Speed vs=45m/s, feed speed vw=20m/min, grinding depth apFor 10um), trim amount initial value is 50um.
(2) structure digitlization grinding wheel carries out grinding wheel and virtually modifies, then by the wheel face abrasive grain parameter after virtual finishing
Abrasive grain is carried out with grinding dosage and cuts thick distribution calculating, and it is penetraction depth to calculate every abrasive grain of wheel face with interference, obtains abrasive grain
Cut thick distribution；Specifically include following A, B, C, D, E calculating process：
A, structure digitlization grinding wheel：The abrasive grain of abrasive surface is expressed as a matrix { Gjk}p×q, p × q refers to that matrix is
P row q column matrix, i.e. grinding wheel cylindrical have the distribution of p row q row abrasive grain, element GjkThe jth row kth row abrasive grain of expression abrasive surface, 0
≤ i≤p, 0≤k≤q, Gjk={ Xjk,Zjk,dgjk,hjk}；XjkRepresent abrasive grain GjkIn the position coordinates of grinding tool circumferencial direction, Zjk
Represent abrasive grain GjkIn the position coordinates of grinding tool axial direction, dgjkRepresent Abrasive Particle Size, hjkRepresent the height of protrusion of abrasive grain；
Gjk}p×qIn the distribution function generation that is given using user of wheel face abrasive grain parameter the present embodiment：Specifically
For Abrasive Particle Size dgjkIt is distributed to obtain by Abrasive Particle Size；Abrasive grain is in the nominal position coordinate of wheel face Rand Z are value range in the random of (0,1), and α is on grinding wheel
Abrasive grain Distribution of A Sequence and the angle of grinding wheel axial direction；The offset Z of abrasive grain Z-direction is represented using distribution functiondevAnd X-direction
Offset Xdev, then GjkIn the actual position coordinate Z of wheel facejkA kind of=the grinding that thick distribution constraint is cut based on abrasive grain
Dosage design method+Zdev, Xjk=Δ Xj+Zjk/tan(α)+Xdev, see Fig. 2, the abrasive grain G that will be calculatedjkParameter is stored in matrix
{Gjk}p×q；It so repeats, calculates to obtain abrasive grain parameter, obtain the corresponding abrasive grain parameter matrix { G of given grinding wheeljk}p×q。
B, grinding wheel is virtually modified：In matrix { Gjk}p×qIn, find out height of protrusion maximum value hmax, in the present embodiment not
Then hmax is subtracted trim amount dr by the Grain protruding height distribution of trimmed grinding wheel such as Fig. 3 master, hmax=597um
Value obtained by (during the first calculating, with finishing initial value 75um) is Grain protruding height maximum value hdrmax after modifying, i.e.,
Hdrmax=hmax-dr=597-50=547um；It finally, will be in matrix { Gjk}p×qMiddle abrasive grain GjkHeight of protrusion value hjkWith
Hdrmax carries out size and compares processing, if hjk<Hdrmax, then not to hjkIt changes, if hjk>=hdrmax, then by hjk's
Value replaces with hdrmax；Change i, k values, to matrix { Gjk}p×qIn the height of protrusion values of all abrasive grains handled.
B, the abrasive grain profile locus of points calculates：Coordinate system XYZ is fixed on work top, and X-direction is the translation direction of workpiece,
Z-direction is consistent with axial direction (grinding tool width) direction of grinding tool, and Y-direction is identical with work top normal direction, and coordinate origin is placed on
It closes work top center；For flat surface grinding, grinding tool is with speed vsRotation, and with speed vwOpposite piece moves；Such as Fig. 5,
T moment abrasive grain GjkMovement Locus Equation of the centre of sphere in XYZ coordinate system be：
zc(t)=Zjk (c)
In formula, xc(t)、yc(t)、zc(t) it is abrasive grain GjkThe coordinate of centre of sphere t moment in XYZ coordinate system, Zjk、dgjk、hjk
Abrasive grain G is represented respectivelyjkCoordinate, Abrasive Particle Size and Grain protruding height are put in grinding tool axial direction direction position；, x0、y0It is grinding tool center
Coordinate in XYZ coordinate system, θ=2lg/ds, lgIt is initial position of the abrasive grain along grinding tool circumferencial direction, lg=Xjk, dsIt is that grinding tool is straight
Diameter, ap、vw、vsGrinding parameter, i.e. grinding dosage, wherein apIt is grinding depth, vwIt is feed-speed, vsIt is abrasive grinding wheel
Linear velocity, t are process times.
It is further coupled by abrasive grain shape with abrasive grain centre of sphere movement locus, obtains any one abrasive grain G on wheel facejk
The equation of motion of upper any point (xg, yg, zg)：
(xg-xc(t))2+(yg-yc(t))2+(zg-zc(t))2=(dgjk)2 (d)
C, workpiece is discrete：Such as Fig. 6, workpiece is cut into n spacing for Δ x and perpendicular to section in workpiece translational motion direction
Face, the separation delta x between section are multiplied by the length that n represents workpiece；Each section cuts into the vertical line that m stripe pitch is Δ z again,
Length of the line segment in y- directions represents the height of workpiece, and the separation delta z between line segment is multiplied by the width that m represents workpiece；In this way, work
Part is just separated into the vertical line segment of n × m items；After discretization, workpiece can be represented with a two-dimensional array W, store each vertical line
Height value, position of each line segment in array with subscript u, v represent, u represent X-direction position, v represent Z-direction position
It puts, 0 ＜ u ＜ n, 0 ＜ v ＜ m；The coordinate x of v root vertical lines on u sectionsuvAnd zuvIt is expressed as：
xuv=u* Δ x (e)
zuv=v* Δ z (g)
D, abrasive grain is cut thick distribution and is calculated：Abrasive grain GjkIt can pass through following step with the interference depth of u-th of section v root vertical line
Suddenly it obtains：
1. abrasive grain G is read from grinding tool numerical modeljkAbrasive Particle SizeProud exposure hjk, abrasive grain axial position sit
Mark Zjk(zc) and circumferential initial position co-ordinates Xjk；
2. to equation (a), x is enabledc(t)=xuv, the numerical solution of t is acquired by Newton iteration method, equation (b) is substituted into, can obtain
yc(t)；
3. xc(t)、yc(t)、zc(t) equation (d) is substituted into, and is solved with equation (e), (f)；If equation is without solution, explanation
Abrasive grain GjkThere is no intersection point with vertical line v；Otherwise, it solves equation and acquiresAnd the elemental height with being stored in workpiece array W
ValueIt compares, ifIllustrate abrasive grain GjkIt in the top of vertical line v, is not in contact with vertical line v, otherwise, asks
Obtain abrasive grain GjkCut height, that is, cutting-in depth of vertical line vSimultaneously willIt is stored in interim array Wt
In, it is used in combinationIt replacesAfter be stored in array W；
4. converting j and k values, above 1. 2. 3. step is repeated, you can acquire wheel face abrasive grain { Φ {=} Gjk j×kMiddle institute
There is the interference depth of abrasive grain and all vertical lines on plane u, and there are matrixes for correspondenceObtain abrasive grain cutting
Thickness distribution, and then obtain the distribution 2 on abrasive grain cutting thickness distribution Fig. 1.
(3) abrasive grain that step (2) calculates is cut the target abrasive grain that thick distribution set with step (1) and cuts thickness and be distributed and compared
Compared with, if the two difference is too big, change wheel face abrasive grain parameter, again carry out step (2), (3) cycle, until (2) step
When the target abrasive grain that the abrasive grain of calculating cuts thick distribution and (1) setting cuts the mean value error of thick distributional difference and is less than 5%, institute in Fig. 1
The distribution 3 shown stops calculating, and trim amount is preferred result at this time, and the preferential trim amount of the present embodiment is 73um, and corresponding abrasive grain goes out
Sword height distribution map is as shown in Figure 4.
(4) using preferred grinding dosage (73um) grinding wheel is modified, using diamond roller to grinding wheel cylindrical into
Row finishing.By the grinding wheel after finishing with grinding speed vs=45m/s, feed speed vw=20m/min, grinding depth apFor 10um
No. 45 steel are ground, obtain grinding surface roughness value as 0.37-0.43um, the roughness 0.4um phases with expected processing
It is less than 10% than unilateral error, effect is very good.Dressing efficiency high 5 times or more of finishing more exploratory than tradition.Before Fig. 7 is finishing
The difference of post-processing surface measurement, it is clear that grinding workpiece surface quality improves much after finishing.
The above, only present pre-ferred embodiments, therefore the range implemented of the present invention cannot be limited according to this, i.e., according to
The equivalent changes and modifications that the scope of the claims of the present invention and description are made all should still belong in the range of the present invention covers.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of crushing amount preferred design method that thick controlled distribution is cut based on abrasive grain, is included the following steps：
(1) target abrasive grain is set according to processing result and cuts thick distribution, provide setting wheel face abrasive grain parameter, given grinding and use
Amount sets target abrasive grain according to processing result and cuts thick distribution, gives trim amount initial value；
(2) structure digitlization grinding wheel carries out grinding wheel and virtually modifies, then by the wheel face abrasive grain parameter and mill after virtual finishing
It cuts dosage progress abrasive grain and cuts thick distribution calculating, it is penetraction depth to calculate every abrasive grain of wheel face and interference, obtains abrasive grain and cuts thickness
Distribution；
(3) it the abrasive grain that step (2) calculates is cut into thick distribution cuts thick be distributed with setting abrasive grain in step (1) and be compared, if the two
Difference exceeds established standards value, adjusts trim amount, carries out step (2), (3) step cycle again, until the mill that step (2) calculates
Grain cuts thick distribution and cuts thick distributional difference less than established standards value with setting abrasive grain in step (1), stops calculating, step (2) is last
It is preferred design trim amount that the trim amount once adjusted, which is,；
(4) step (1) grinding wheel is modified using preferred trim amount.
2. a kind of crushing amount preferred design method that thick controlled distribution is cut based on abrasive grain as described in claim 1, special
Sign is：The processing result includes grinding efficiency, workpiece surface roughness, grinding force, grinding temperature, grinding workpiece Asia table
At least one of surface damage degree.
3. a kind of crushing amount preferred design method that thick controlled distribution is cut based on abrasive grain as described in claim 1, special
Sign is：The abrasive grain cuts every abrasive grain incision workpiece depth of wheel face when thick distribution is grinding.
4. a kind of crushing amount preferred design method that thick controlled distribution is cut based on abrasive grain as described in claim 1, special
Sign is：The grinding dosage includes grinding speed, grinding depth and feed speed.
5. a kind of crushing amount preferred design method that thick controlled distribution is cut based on abrasive grain as described in claim 1, special
Sign is：The abrasive grain parameter includes abrasive grain location parameter, height parameter, Abrasive Particle Size on grinding wheel.
6. such as a kind of crushing amount preferred design that thick controlled distribution is cut based on abrasive grain described in any one of claim 1 to 5
Method, it is characterised in that：Established standards described in step (3) are that must overlap situation for weighing two curves, including standard deviation
Difference, similarity, error, average value, registration one or more, value size determines according to actual requirement.
7. such as a kind of crushing amount preferred design that thick controlled distribution is cut based on abrasive grain described in any one of claim 1 to 5
Method：It is characterized in that the abrasive grain described in step (2), which is cut thick distribution and calculated, includes following A, B, C, D, E calculating process：
A, structure digitlization grinding wheel：The abrasive grain parameter of wheel face is expressed as a matrix { Gjk}p×q, p × q refer to matrix be p
Row q column matrix, i.e. grinding wheel cylindrical have the distribution of p row q row abrasive grain, element GjkThe jth row kth row abrasive grain of expression abrasive surface, 0≤
I≤p, 0≤k≤q, Gjk={ Xjk,Zjk,dgjk,hjk}；XjkRepresent abrasive grain GjkIn the position coordinates of grinding tool circumferencial direction, ZjkTable
Show abrasive grain GjkIn the position coordinates of grinding tool axial direction, dgjkRepresent Abrasive Particle Size, hjkRepresent the height of protrusion of abrasive grain；By user
Given wheel face abrasive grain parameter imports matrix { Gjk}p×q；
B, grinding wheel is virtually modified：In matrix { Gjk}p×qIn, height of protrusion maximum value hmax is found out, hmax is then subtracted into finishing
It is Grain protruding height maximum value hdrmax, i.e. hdrmax=hmax-dr after modifying to measure the value obtained by dr；It finally, will be in square
Battle array { Gjk}p×qMiddle abrasive grain GjkHeight of protrusion value hjkIt is handled compared with carrying out size with hdrmax, if hjk<Hdrmax, then not to hjk
It changes, if hjk>=hdrmax, then by hjkValue replace with hdrmax；Change i, k values, to matrix { Gjk}p×qIn own
The height of protrusion value of abrasive grain is handled；
C, abrasive grain profile trajectory calculation：Coordinate system XYZ is fixed on work top, translation direction of the X-direction for workpiece, Z-direction
Consistent with axial direction (grinding tool width) direction of grinding tool, Y-direction is identical with work top normal direction, and coordinate origin is placed on workbench
It closes face center；For flat surface grinding, grinding tool is with speed vsRotation, and with speed vwOpposite piece moves；T moment abrasive grain Gjk
Movement Locus Equation of the centre of sphere in XYZ coordinate system be：
zc(t)=Zjk (c)
In formula, xc(t)、yc(t)、zc(t) it is abrasive grain GjkThe coordinate of centre of sphere t moment in XYZ coordinate system, Zjk、dgjk、hjkRespectively
Represent abrasive grain GjkCoordinate, Abrasive Particle Size and Grain protruding height are put in grinding tool axial direction direction position；, x0、y0It is that grinding tool center XYZ is sat
Coordinate in mark system, θ=2lg/ds, lgIt is initial position of the abrasive grain along grinding tool circumferencial direction, lg=Xjk, dsIt is grinding tool diameter, ap、
vw、vsGrinding parameter, i.e. grinding dosage, wherein apIt is grinding depth, vwIt is feed-speed, vsIt is abrasive grinding wheel linear speed
Degree, t is process time；
It is further coupled by abrasive grain shape with abrasive grain centre of sphere movement locus, obtains any one abrasive grain G on wheel facejkTake up an official post
The equation of motion of meaning a bit (xg, yg, zg)：
(xg-xc(t))2+(yg-yc(t))2+(zg-zc(t))2=(dgjk)2 (d)
D, workpiece is discrete：Workpiece is cut into n spacing for Δ x and between the section in workpiece translational motion direction, section
Separation delta x be multiplied by n represent workpiece length；Each section cuts into the vertical line that m stripe pitch is Δ z again, and line segment is in y- side
To length represent the height of workpiece, the separation delta z between line segment is multiplied by the width that m represents workpiece；In this way, workpiece is just separated into
The vertical line segment of n × m items；After discretization, workpiece can be represented with a two-dimensional array W, store the height value of each vertical line, often
Position of one line segment in array represent with subscript u, v, and u represents the position of X-direction, and v represents the position of Z-direction, 0 ＜ u ＜ n, 0
＜ v ＜ m；The coordinate x of v root vertical lines on u sectionsuvAnd zuvIt is expressed as：
xuv=u* Δ x (e)
zuv=v* Δ z (g)
E, abrasive grain is cut thick distribution and is calculated：Abrasive grain GjkIt can be obtained with the interference depth of u-th of section v root vertical line by following steps
It arrives：
1. abrasive grain G is read from grinding tool numerical modeljkAbrasive Particle Size dg jk, proud exposure hjk, abrasive grain axial position coordinate Zjk
(zc) and circumferential initial position co-ordinates Xjk；
2. to equation (a), x is enabledc(t)=xuv, the numerical solution of t is acquired by Newton iteration method, equation (b) is substituted into, y can be obtainedc(t)；
3. xc(t)、yc(t)、zc(t) equation (d) is substituted into, and is solved with equation (e), (f)；If equation illustrates abrasive grain without solution
GjkThere is no intersection point with vertical line v；Otherwise, it solves equation and acquiresAnd the elemental height value with being stored in workpiece array WPhase
Compare, ifIllustrate abrasive grain GjkIt in the top of vertical line v, is not in contact with vertical line v, otherwise, acquires abrasive grain Gjk
Cut height, that is, cutting-in depth of vertical line vSimultaneously willIt is stored in interim array WtIn, it is used in combinationIt replaces
It changesAfter be stored in array W；
4. converting j and k values, above 1. 2. 3. step is repeated, you can acquire wheel face abrasive grain abrasive grain matrix { Gjk}p×qIn own
The interference depth of abrasive grain and all vertical lines on plane u, and correspondence is stored in matrix { hmaxG jk}p×qTo get thick to abrasive grain cutting
Degree distribution.
8. a kind of crushing amount preferred design method that thick controlled distribution is cut based on abrasive grain as claimed in claim 7, special
Sign is that given wheel face abrasive grain parameter is generated by distribution function, specially Abrasive Particle Size dgjkIt is distributed by Abrasive Particle Size
It arrives；Abrasive grain is in the nominal position coordinate Z of wheel facenom jk=w x Rand Z, Xnom jk=Δ Xj+zjk/ tan (α), Rand
Z is value range in the random of (0,1), and α is abrasive grain Distribution of A Sequence and the angle of grinding wheel axial direction on grinding wheel；Using distribution function come table
Show the offset Z of abrasive grain Z-directiondevAnd the offset X of X-directiondev, then GjkIn the actual position coordinate of wheel face
ZjkA kind of=grinding dosage design method+the Z that thick distribution constraint is cut based on abrasive graindev, Xjk=Δ Xj+Zjk/tan(α)+Xdev。
9. a kind of crushing amount preferred design method that thick controlled distribution is cut based on abrasive grain as claimed in claim 8, special
Sign is that the distribution function includes Weibull function, Rayleigh Distribution Function, partial velocities function, exponential function, multinomial
At least one of function, normal distyribution function.
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