CN108214042A - Quick change flexible fixture and application method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of machine tool processing, and in particular relates to a quick-change flexible clamp and its use method, a quick-change flexible clamp and a base and a plurality of clamp bodies arranged on the base; A thin cylinder, a collet cover arranged on the upper end of the base, a pull rod cover arranged in the collet cover, and an elastic collet matched with the pull rod cover; the elastic collet and the pull rod cover are of split design and Use the limit screw and the collet sleeve for circumferential positioning respectively; the flattened part of the elastic collet is matched with the card groove provided on the inner circumference of the pull rod sleeve to limit the fast and accurate loading of the elastic collet into the pull rod sleeve to complete the fast replace. Each elastic collet part and the pull rod sleeve part of the present invention are detachable designs, and when changing workpieces of different sizes, only the elastic collets of corresponding sizes need to be replaced. The action of the chuck body is driven by the cylinder to drive the piston to move up and down, which can realize quick chuck change and is easy to operate.

Description

Quick-change flexible fixture and its usage

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of machine tool processing, and in particular relates to a quick-change flexible clamp and a using method.

Background technique

In the vertical machining center, for the milling process of shaft parts with similar structure and different sizes, the main clamping method currently used is pneumatic three-jaw chuck with elastic chuck. Every time parts of different sizes are changed, the collet must be replaced, and in order to ensure the processing accuracy, the collet must be adjusted and processed, which is time-consuming and laborious, and the production efficiency is low.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provide a quick-change flexible clamp and its usage method.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A quick-change flexible clamp, comprising a base and a plurality of clamp bodies arranged on the base;

The clamp body includes a thin air cylinder arranged at the lower end of the base, a collet sleeve arranged at the upper end of the base, a pull rod sleeve arranged in the collet sleeve, and an elastic chuck matched with the pull rod sleeve ; The collet and the pull rod cover are split design and use the limit screw and the collet cover for circumferential positioning respectively; The card slot is matched to limit that the elastic collet can be quickly and accurately loaded into the pull rod sleeve to complete the quick replacement; the thin cylinder is threaded with the pull rod sleeve through the hollow piston; the thin cylinder drives the pull rod sleeve to move up and down .

The tapered hole formed inside the collet cover and the elastic collet form a taper fit to ensure accuracy; the elastic collet moves up and down along the tapered hole to complete the elastic collet tightness.

The collet keyway is longitudinally arranged on the elastic collet; the limit screw includes a first limit screw and a second limit screw; the first limit screw prevents the elastic collet through the collet keyway. Rotation of the chuck in the circumferential direction.

A lock washer is arranged between the first limit screw and the keyway of the collet.

The tie rod sleeve is longitudinally provided with a tie rod sleeve keyway; the second limit screw prevents the pull rod sleeve from rotating in the circumferential direction through the tie rod sleeve keyway.

A tension spring is arranged between the second limit screw and the keyway of the pull rod sleeve.

The clamp body is provided with air holes through which compressed air is blown to remove chips and liquid.

There are 2 or 4 clamp bodies.

The present invention also includes a method for using the quick-change flexible clamp, which adopts the following steps: when replacing the clamp, directly install the elastic clamp into the clamp seat and push it into the pull rod sleeve, and rotate 60 degree, and then tighten the limit screw to complete the replacement of the collet.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

The invention is a quick-change flexible fixture designed for shaft parts with similar structure and different sizes on the vertical machining center. The fixture can have two or four clamp bodies, and can clamp two or four workpieces at the same time, and Each elastic collet part and tie rod sleeve part are designed to be separable. When changing workpieces of different sizes, it is only necessary to replace the elastic collet of the corresponding size. It can realize quick chuck change, convenient operation, guaranteed machining accuracy and high machining efficiency. The action of the chuck body is driven by the cylinder to drive the piston to move up and down. The slot of the pull rod sleeve matches the flattened part of the elastic chuck for quick change. At the same time, the matching of the elastic chuck and the taper hole of the chuck seat ensures accuracy. Circumferential limit is performed on the elastic collet and the pull rod sleeve. In addition, in order to make the chips and coolant out of the chuck body smoothly, air holes are specially set in the chuck body to blow air through compressed air to remove chips and liquid.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the quick-change flexible clamp of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the quick-change flexible clamp of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the quick-change flexible clamp of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

Figures 1-3 show a quick-change flexible clamp, including a base 10 and a plurality of clamp bodies arranged on the base; the number of clamp bodies is 2 or 4. The clamp body includes a thin cylinder 11 arranged at the lower end of the base, a collet sleeve 5 arranged at the upper end of the base, a pull rod sleeve 8 arranged in the collet sleeve, and a rod sleeve matched with the pull rod sleeve. The collet 1; the collet and the pull rod cover are split design and use the limit screw and the collet cover for circumferential positioning; the flattened part 111 of the collet and the pull rod cover The card slots arranged on the inner circumference are matched to limit the fast and accurate installation of the elastic collet into the pull rod sleeve to complete the quick replacement. The thin air cylinder is threadedly connected with the pull rod sleeve through a hollow piston. The thin cylinder drives the pull rod sleeve to move up and down. The taper hole formed inside the collet sleeve and the collet collet form a taper fit to ensure precision; the hollow piston moves up and down to drive the collet to move up and down along the taper hole to complete the elastic collet tightness.

The elastic collet is longitudinally provided with a collet keyway; the first limit screw 3 prevents the circumferential rotation of the elastic collet through the collet keyway. A lock washer 2 is arranged between the first limit screw and the keyway of the collet.

The pull rod sleeve is longitudinally provided with a pull rod sleeve keyway; the second limit screw 7 prevents the pull rod sleeve from rotating in the circumferential direction through the pull rod sleeve keyway. A tension spring 6 is arranged between the second limit screw and the keyway of the pull rod sleeve.

The clamp body is provided with air holes 12 through which compressed air is blown to remove chips and liquid.

When replacing the collet, put the elastic collet directly into the collet seat and push it into the pull rod sleeve, rotate it 60 degrees, and then lock the limit screw to complete the collet replacement.

The working principle of the present invention is: the base body 10 is installed on the working table of the vertical machining center, the thin cylinder is installed on the lower part of the base body 10 with four second hexagon socket head screws 9, and the chuck seat 4 is installed with six first hexagon socket head angle screws 4 Installed on the base body 10, the pull rod sleeve 8 installed inside the chuck seat is fixed in the circumferential position by the second limit screw 7 and the tension spring 6, and the pull rod sleeve and the hollow piston are connected by threads. Quick replacement is possible. The flexible collet 1 and the pull rod sleeve 8 adopt a split design. The collet can be quickly replaced without adjustment. The circumferential slot of the pull rod sleeve matches the flattened part of the elastic collet to limit the fast and accurate installation of the collet into the pull rod. sleeve; the elastic collet moves up and down along the tapered hole to complete the tightness of the clamping piece. The taper hole of the collet and the collet sleeve adopts the design of taper fit, which can ensure the positioning accuracy and repeatability. The elastic collet and the pull rod sleeve ensure the positional relationship on the circumference through the card slot and the second limit screw. When replacing the elastic collet, put the elastic collet directly into the tapered hole of the collet seat and push it into the pull rod sleeve, and rotate it 60 degrees. Then lock the limit screw to complete. When clamping the workpiece, the hollow piston of the thin cylinder drives the pull rod sleeve to move up and down to realize the clamping and loosening action of the collet.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications can also be made. It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A quick-change flexible clamp, characterized in that it includes a base and a plurality of clamp bodies arranged on the base; The clamp body includes a thin air cylinder arranged at the lower end of the base, a collet sleeve arranged at the upper end of the base, a pull rod sleeve arranged in the collet sleeve, and an elastic chuck matched with the pull rod sleeve ; The collet and the pull rod cover are split design and use the limit screw and the collet cover for circumferential positioning respectively; The card slot is matched to limit that the elastic collet can be quickly and accurately loaded into the pull rod sleeve to complete the quick replacement; the thin cylinder is threaded with the pull rod sleeve through the hollow piston; the thin cylinder drives the pull rod sleeve to move up and down . 2. The quick-change flexible clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that, the tapered hole formed inside the collet sleeve and the collet collet form a taper fit to ensure accuracy; the collet collet along the The tapered hole moves up and down to complete the elastic chuck. 3. The quick-change flexible clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that, the collet keyway is longitudinally arranged on the collet; the limit screw includes a first limit screw and a second limit screw ; The first limit screw prevents the circumferential rotation of the elastic collet through the keyway of the collet. 4. The quick-change flexible clamp according to claim 3, wherein a lock washer is arranged between the first stop screw and the keyway of the chuck. 5. The quick-change flexible clamp according to claim 3, characterized in that, the tie rod sleeve is longitudinally provided with a tie rod sleeve keyway; the second limit screw prevents the circumference of the tie rod sleeve from direction of rotation. 6 . The quick-change flexible clamp according to claim 5 , wherein a tension spring is arranged between the second limit screw and the keyway of the pull rod sleeve. 7. The quick-change flexible clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that, the clamp body is provided with air holes to blow air through compressed air to remove chips and liquid. 8. The quick-change flexible clamp according to claim 1, wherein there are two or four clamp bodies. 9. A method for using the quick-change flexible clamp according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that the following steps are adopted: when replacing the chuck, the elastic chuck is directly loaded into the chuck seat and Push in the pull rod sleeve, rotate it 60 degrees, and then lock the limit screw to complete the replacement of the collet.