CN108213304A - A kind of fist formula biomimetic features heavy-duty forging die tool and its manufacturing method - Google Patents
A kind of fist formula biomimetic features heavy-duty forging die tool and its manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108213304A CN108213304A CN201810063775.1A CN201810063775A CN108213304A CN 108213304 A CN108213304 A CN 108213304A CN 201810063775 A CN201810063775 A CN 201810063775A CN 108213304 A CN108213304 A CN 108213304A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/02—Dies or mountings therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/24—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass dies
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/17—Mechanical parametric or variational design
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of fist formula biomimetic features heavy-duty forging die tool and its manufacturing methods, transition zone, strengthening layer and skin layer are sequentially formed on die matrix, collectively as bone layer to play a structural support effect, skin layer has wear-resistant, anti-deformation as the mold cavity surface layer contacted with forging and under the conditions of high temperature heavy load for transition zone and strengthening layer；Under room temperature, die matrix, transition zone and strengthening layer intensity hardness are incremented by successively, and skin layer intensity hardness is less than strengthening layer, in hot forging operating mode（650 DEG C or more）Lower skin layer intensity hardness is without being decreased obviously.The skin layer is cobalt-based or nickel base superalloy wlding.The problems such as this mold effectively reduces the surface layer crackle that high surface hardness brings, is difficult to machine, while performance of the big swage die under high temperature heavy load operating mode is effectively improved again, there is good high-temperature wearable damage, resistance to deformation effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to heavy-duty forging die tools, and in particular to a kind of fist formula biomimetic features heavy-duty forging die tool and its more materials
Expect increasing material manufacturing method, belong to technical field of mold.
Background technology
With the rapid development in the national strategy demands such as China's aerospace, nuclear power, petrochemical industry field, to enlargement, entirety
Change, the demand of the high-performance key member of precise treatment increasingly increases.The dose necessary achievement of China's machinery industry, it is the biggest in the world
Stamp forging hydraulic press（800MN drop presses）It comes into being.Since the press comes into operation, in the large-scale crucial structure in state key field
Irreplaceable role is played during the forging and molding of part, forging material mainly includes aluminium alloy, high temperature alloy, titanium alloy
Deng.It is big that its ultra-large type forging mold used is not only faced with weight（Single set weight is up to 50~100 tons）, manufacture it is of high cost
（Single set cost is up to 400 ~ 5,000,000 yuan）, the problems such as manufacturing cycle is long, and the super large swage die conventionally manufactured by
It is long in the forging and stamping work step duration（The min of part difficult-to-deformation material forging forming time >=2）, the mold under high temperature heavy load operating mode
The problems such as face checking, severe plastic deformation, wear out failure occurs, the service life is extremely low.
To solve the problems, such as that large-scale forging die manufacture is of high cost, this team is " a kind of based on cast steel substrate it is proposed that entitled
The method of preparing forging mould by double-layer metal resurfacing welding "（Patent No. ZL 200910104604X）Application for a patent for invention.This application profit
By the use of cast steel as forging die matrix, waveform matrix surface is formed, and by carrying out double-layer metal resurfacing welding on base layer, then be tempered
Destressing, mold are finally machining.Practical application shows that this method is applied to aluminum alloy forge piece forging die and can reduce manufacture
More than cost 15-30% improves 3 times of die life or more.Die life extremely low asks during to solve difficult-to-deformation material forming
Topic, based on above-mentioned patent application, this team has also been proposed a kind of entitled " preparation of sandwich of layers forging die and forging die sandwich of layers built-up welding
Method "（Patent No. ZL 2015101716564）Application for a patent for invention.The sandwich of layers manufactures new method, allows under high pressure
Larger flexible deformation occurs for " sandwich of layers ", by the rapid diffusive attenuation of concentration peak stress below mold cavity, and with approximate equal
Even distributed stress（Originally it was wedge-shaped distribution）It is transmitted on cast steel substrate layer, so as to lower the maximum stress suffered by cast steel substrate,
Cast steel substrate is safer in pressure-bearing.This method is effectively protected cast steel substrate, avoids peak stress and directly results in casting
Steel matrix produces fracture the problem of failure.In actual use, it successfully forges qualified aircraft and hangs the forging of tail frame titanium alloy
Part, cast steel substrate do not find any deformation and crackle, stand intact.
However occur the problem of new again, according to the increased thinking of hardness gradient, forging die case hardness can reach HRC50 with
On, high rigidity does not only result in machining difficulty, also easily causes surface layer crackle.Simultaneously as difficult-to-deformation material forming temperature is more
It is high, the forging and stamping work step duration is longer etc., and reasons, original mold surface hardness are substantially reduced about after 1-2 parts are forged and pressed
More than HRC10 degree, continue to be also easy to produce larger plastic deformation during use.
Invention content
For deficiencies of the prior art, i.e., the forging die for increasing thinking manufacture always according to each layer hardness gradient exists
High temperature and pressure layer is yielding and cracks and there are processing difficulties, and it is an object of the invention to propose a kind of fist formula
Biomimetic features heavy-duty forging die has and its manufacturing method, this mold effectively reduce surface layer crackle, the difficulty that high surface hardness is brought
In the machining the problems such as, while performance of the big swage die under high temperature heavy load operating mode is effectively improved again, there is good height
Temperature is wear-resistant, resistance to deformation effect.
The technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way：
A kind of fist formula biomimetic features heavy-duty forging die tool, including die matrix, be sequentially formed on die matrix transition zone,
Strengthening layer and skin layer, transition zone and strengthening layer collectively as bone layer with rise a structural support effect, skin layer as with forging
The mold cavity surface layer of contact simultaneously has wear-resistant, anti-deformation under the conditions of high temperature heavy load；Under room temperature, die matrix, mistake
It crosses layer and strengthening layer intensity hardness is incremented by successively, skin layer intensity hardness is less than strengthening layer, the skin layer intensity in the case where being hot-forged operating mode
Hardness is without being decreased obviously.Also, skin layer material is after multiple process cycles are undergone, room temperature test hardness often also on
It rises.
The die matrix hardness is 27.4HRC；Transition zone hardness is about HRC 35；Strengthening layer hardness HRC 50 with
On；Skin layer hardness is HRC 30-35.
The transition region thickness is 20-50 mm；Reinforcing layer thickness is 20-35 mm；Skin layer thickness is 10-15 mm.
The die matrix is shaped using casting die steel cast；Transition zone and strengthening layer are Cr-Mo-Ni-W-V systems
Multiple elements design reinforced iron-base material.The skin layer is specially cobalt-based or nickel base superalloy wlding.
The manufacturing method of above-mentioned fist formula biomimetic features heavy-duty forging die tool, includes the following steps：
1）The specific forging processed as needed designs whole homogeneous mold, then carries out numerical simulation using software, obtains whole
Temperature field, stress field and load distribution of the body homogeneous mold under operating mode；
2）The distribution of die matrix, transition zone, strengthening layer and skin layer is determined respectively；
2.1）Determine the distribution of die matrix：Using the performance parameter of die matrix material to be employed under working condition as base
Plinth after defined safety coefficient, fits equivalent life curve, and then obtain whole homogeneous mould by the failure critical point of each section
Have failed areas, be die matrix below the region；
2.2）Determine the distribution of transition zone：By buffer layer material to be employed in the performance parameter under working condition based on, knot
After safety coefficient as defined in conjunction, equivalent life curve is fitted by the failure critical point of each section, and then obtains whole homogeneous mold and loses
Region is imitated, step 2.1 is arrived below the region）Region between determining die matrix is transition zone；
2.3）Determine the distribution of strengthening layer：By reinforcing layer material to be employed in the performance parameter under working condition based on, knot
After safety coefficient as defined in conjunction, equivalent life curve is fitted by the failure critical point of each section, and then obtains whole homogeneous mold and loses
Region is imitated, step 2.2 is arrived below the region）Region between determining transition zone is strengthening layer；
2.4）Determine the distribution of skin layer：According to strengthening layer to the thickness between mold cavity surface layer in conjunction with more than appropriate processing
Amount determines the distribution of skin layer；
3）According to step 2）Determining die matrix distribution, mold base is poured into a mould out using the die matrix material predefined
Body；Wherein, mold matrix surface is to reserving built-up welding surplus 50-100mm under working condition between Die cavity profile line, after being used for
Continuous built-up welding transition zone, strengthening layer and skin layer；The die matrix is poured into a mould to be formed using 3 materials of casting die steel JXZG；It is described
The mechanical property of JXZG 3 is：Yield strength σ s=656MPa, tension degree σ b=850Mpa, hardness=27.4HRC after heat treatment prolong
Stretch rate δ=16.2%, shrinking percentage Ψ=25.7%, ballistic work AKv=30.6J.
4）In step 3）It pours on the die matrix being poured in, along reserved built-up welding region, by the material built-up welding predefined
Cross layer；Wherein, transition layer surface is strengthened to built-up welding surplus 30-50mm is reserved between Die cavity profile line for follow-up built-up welding
Layer and skin layer；Transition zone is approached with die matrix component, and buffer layer material intensity hardness is balanced with plasticity and toughness, realizes mold
The smooth transition of matrix and strengthening layer material component and mechanical performance, the connection effectively promoted during more material increasing material manufacturings are strong
Degree.
5）In step 4）On the die matrix of the good transition zone of built-up welding, along reserved built-up welding region, by the material predefined
Built-up welding strengthening layer；Wherein, strengthen layer surface to built-up welding surplus 10-15mm is reserved between Die cavity profile line, for follow-up heap
Weld skin layer；This layer of wlding requires to reach more than 50 HRC, with transition zone by metallurgical binding, forms biomimetic features forging die
" bone " effectively supports overall structure not to be plastically deformed under fully loaded transportation condition.
6）In step 5）On the die matrix of the good strengthening layer of built-up welding, by the material built-up welding skin layer predefined, skin
Layer is welded to 3-5 mm on Die cavity profile line；Hardness is relatively low under the skin layer material room temperature（About HRC 30-35）, but 650
DEG C or so under operating mode intensity hardness without being decreased obviously.Actual skin layer is cobalt-based or nickel base superalloy wlding, in working condition
Down by carbide reinforced and solution strengthening, there is high-temperature wearable, resistance to deformation characteristic.The skin layer material：δ elongation percentage >=
26.6%, ψ shrinking percentage >=30.5%；Compressive strength >=550MPa at 650 DEG C of high temperature；With strengthening layer bond strength >=750MPa, shape
Into good metallurgical binding.
7）By step 6）Obtained mold repeats retarded cooling process after double tempering, then by the mould after second of slow cooling
Tool is placed in air, is air-cooled to room temperature.Wherein, temperature is 530 ~ 570 DEG C, and slow cooling temperature is to 160 ~ 180 DEG C；In order to anti-
The only generation of one-step temper embrittlement employs high tempering, i.e. temperature control is at 530 DEG C ~ 570 DEG C；In order to prevent
The generation of class II temper brittleness employs double tempering retarded cooling process；After second of slow cooling, mold is placed, sky is carried out in air
It is cooled to room temperature.
8）To step 7）Mold after air-cooled is machined, and mold portions size is made to reach design requirement, finally
Obtain the biomimetic features heavy-duty forging die tool.
As an optimization, the step 3）In, need to pour the steel casting die matrix to be welded that outpours carry out 920 DEG C of quenchings and
The processing of 650 DEG C of tempering, and oil cooling is to room temperature.It in this way, remaining as-cast structure can be eliminated, and can make tissue that will not overheat, avoid
Annealed structure is obtained, its comprehensive mechanical performance is made to meet product requirement.
As an optimization, step 4）、5）With 6）Before built-up welding, welding mould need to be treated and carry out surface cleaning processing, three times heap
The oxide skin and welding slag of overlay surface are removed after the completion of weldering.Wherein described surface cleaning processing, which refers to, removes sand, oxide skin, oil
Dirt, iron rust, burr and casting flaw.The casting flaws such as carbon arc air gouging removal shrinkage cavity, cracking can be specifically used, then with wind sand
It takes turns rifle and removes sand, oxide skin, greasy dirt, iron rust, burr etc., cleaning mold surface.
As an optimization, in the step 4）、5）With 6）In, in weld deposit process tapping mold by phased manner enables its vibration,
Vibration frequency is 20~40 beats/min；Can reach in this way extends deposited metal, prevents hydrogen embrittlement, and position crystal grain, circle are strengthened in refinement
Stress concentration is reduced at sliding rib angle, improves dimensional accuracy stability, eliminates the fine crack and slag defect on built-up welding surface layer, inhibits
The purpose that crackle occurs.
As advanced optimizing, step 4）、5）With 6）CO need to be passed through during built-up welding2It is protected with the mixed gas of Ar, institute
The volume ratio for stating gas is：Ar80%~90%, CO210%~20%.It takes and is passed through CO2With the mixed gas of Ar, molten bath can be protected
And molten drop, by they and air exclusion, the defects of preventing weld seam from generating stomata.
As the optimization further walked, step 4）、5）With 6）Cast steel substrate need to be preheated to 450~500 DEG C before built-up welding, built-up welding
Mold temperature need to be maintained at 300 DEG C or more in journey.In actual job, continuous built-up welding operation is generally required, therefore practical preheating is primary
With regard to much of that.In this way, mold can keep certain temperature in built-up welding, make to reduce the influence of temperature difference between deposited metal and base material,
Avoid many disadvantages brought from heat affected area.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that：
The present invention is by more material gradient increasing material manufacturings and forms metallurgical binding, final to obtain fist formula biomimetic features forging die.It adopts
With the obtained big swage die of the present invention, intensity hardness in original increasing material manufacturing mold process " low-in-height-higher " distribution is broken through
Mentality of designing, under room temperature intensity hardness be distributed as " it is low-in-it is high-in ", effectively reduce the surface check that high surface hardness is brought
Line, the problems such as being difficult to machine, but under operating mode hot conditions（650 DEG C or more）, skin layer material by carbide reinforced and
Solution strengthening makes mould strength hardness be distributed as " low-in-high-higher ", effectively improves big swage die under high temperature heavy load operating mode
Performance.After multiple process cycles are undergone, hardness is even risen skin layer material.Form the transition zone of bone layer
Be Cr-Mo-Ni-W-V systems multiple elements design reinforced iron-base material with strengthening layer, postwelding tissue mainly by canescence retained austenite,
Black gray expandable lath martensite and the compositions such as tiny hard phase WC are dispersed therein, play good structural support effect.This
The effect of invention apery body fist structure, i.e. bone layer and skin layer is similar to the bone and skin of human body fist, so being fist
Hair style biomimetic features.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1-fist of the present invention formula biomimetic features forging die specific embodiment structure diagram.
Specific embodiment
Fist formula biomimetic features heavy-duty forging die tool of the present invention, the bone layer including die matrix, structural support effect
And have wear-resistant, anti-deformation skin layer under the conditions of high temperature heavy load.By more material gradient increasing material manufacturings and form smelting
Gold combines, final to obtain biomimetic features forging die.The present invention design philosophy be by background technology part mention " one kind based on casting
The method of the preparing forging mould by double-layer metal resurfacing welding of steel matrix "（Patent No. ZL 200910104604X）The forging die of preparation（Mold
Cavity surface hardness reaches HRC50）As " bone " of " fist ", good structural support effect can be played.And then pass through electricity
It is relatively low that arc fuse increases intensity hardness under one layer of room temperature of material（HRC30-35 or so）Material（Such as cobalt-based or nickel base superalloy softwood
Material）As the skin layer of " fist ", layer material intensity hardness at 650 DEG C or so does not significantly lower, and can play good
High-temperature wearable damage, resistance to deformation effect.Inventive die structure is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Referring to Fig. 1, as can be seen that inventive die includes die matrix A from figure, sequentially formed on die matrix A
There are transition zone B, strengthening layer C and a skin layer D, transition zone B and strengthening layer C are collectively as bone layer to play a structural support effect, skin
Skin layers D has wear-resistant, anti-deformation as the mold cavity surface layer contacted with forging and under the conditions of high temperature heavy load；Room temperature
Under, die matrix A, transition zone B and strengthening layer C intensity hardness are incremented by successively, and skin layer D intensity hardness is less than strengthening layer C, in heat
Under forger condition（Temperature is at 650 DEG C or more）Skin layer D intensity hardness ultimately forms intensity hardness under room temperature and is distributed without being decreased obviously
For " low-in-high-in ", and intensity hardness is distributed as the layout of " low-in-high-higher " under operating mode hot conditions.
The design feature of mold and the requirement of each layer are described from Integral Thought above.Below to the specific hardness of each layer
Intensity requirement, thickness requirement and practical the selection of material are described further.
Specific hardness explanation, the die matrix hardness are 27.4HRC；Transition zone hardness is about HRC35, strengthening layer hardness
In more than 50 HRC；Skin layer hardness is HRC 30-35.
Specific thickness explanation, the transition region thickness are 20-50 mm；Reinforcing layer thickness is 20-35 mm；Skin layer thickness
For 10-15 mm.
Specific selection explanation, die matrix are shaped using casting die steel cast；And transition zone and strengthening layer are then
Cr-Mo-Ni-W-V systems multiple elements design reinforced iron-base material.The skin layer be cobalt-based or nickel base superalloy wlding, the skin
It is relatively low that layer meets intensity hardness under room temperature, but under 650 DEG C or so operating modes intensity hardness without the requirement being decreased obviously.
It continues with and preparation method of the present invention is described in detail with reference to mould structure shown in FIG. 1, because the present invention is right
The place that the prior art makes creative contribution is the mentality of designing of the method for the present invention rather than is forging die shape and type
Selection, therefore a kind of forging die of concrete structure is based only in present embodiment, this method is described in detail, but this
For each step in inventive method for the forging die of different shape and type, it is suitable to be regarded as.
Above-mentioned biomimetic features heavy-duty forging die has more material increasing material manufacturing methods, and step is as follows：
1）Based on specific forging, whole homogeneous mold is designed, numerical simulation is carried out using Deform-3D platforms, is obtained
Temperature field, stress field and load distribution of the whole homogeneous mold under operating mode.
2）With G35CrNiMo（The model JXZG 3 after G35CrNiMo improvement can also be used）Property under working condition
Based on energy parameter, after consulting handbook selection safety coefficient=1.4, equivalent life curve is fitted by the failure critical point of each section, into
And obtain novel cast die steel failed areas, the region using at mold cavity surface as bone layer and skin layer.By above-mentioned side
Method confirms that (first layer uses CD124 or CD248 to bone layer, can also use the model JXGD 09 after improvement successively；Second
Layer can also use the model JXQH 20 after improvement using CD650 or CD650E) and skin layer（JXCo 22）It is distributed model
It encloses, realizes that the structure division of big swage die and functional layer material are preferred.
3）According to step 2）Structural model pours into a mould out die matrix using 3 materials of novel cast die steel JXZG.Using
Common pouring technology, mold cavity position are in half-circle-arc shape, reserve allowance；The cast steel substrate outpoured is poured to quench at 920 DEG C
It fights after 650 DEG C of tempers, oil cooling to room temperature, to improve its mechanical property.Wherein, novel casting mold under working condition
Steel failed areas reserves built-up welding surplus 80mm with upper bit.The mechanical property of the JXZG 3 is：Yield strength σ s=656MPa,
Tension degree σ b=850Mpa, hardness=27.4HRC after heat treatment, elongation percentage δ=16.2%, shrinking percentage Ψ=25.7%, ballistic work AKv=
30.6J。
4）In step 3）It pours on the cast steel substrate to be welded being poured in, along reserved built-up welding region, built-up welding and novel cast die steel
The close JXGD 09 of component is used as bone layer first layer（That is transition zone）, it is welded to about 35mm under Die cavity profile line.Transition zone
Strength of materials hardness is balanced with plasticity and toughness, realizes cast steel substrate and the bone layer second layer（That is strengthening layer）20 materials of JXQH are realized
The smooth transition of component and mechanical performance effectively promotes the bonding strength during more material increasing material manufacturings；
5）In step 4）It welds on the cast steel substrate of transition zone, along preset shape, built-up welding intensity and the higher bone layer of hardness
Two layers of 20 wlding materials of JXQH, and continue to be welded to about 12mm under Die cavity profile line.This layer of wlding hardness requirement is in HRC 50
More than（Practical is HRC 52 or so）, with bone layer first layer by metallurgical binding, the bone of biomimetic features forging die is formed, effectively
Support overall structure is not plastically deformed under fully loaded transportation condition.
6）In step 5）On the mold for welding bone layer, built-up welding high-temperature wearable, resistance to deformation skin layer cobalt base superalloy
Wlding JXCo 22 is welded to about 5 mm on cavity contour line.22 materials of skin layer JXCo：δ elongation percentage=27.6%, ψ is shunk
Rate=36.1%；Compressive strength=605MPa at 650 DEG C of high temperature；With bone layer bond strength=988MPa, formed well with bone layer
Metallurgical binding.
Four layer materials of the invention are not limited to above-mentioned concrete model, in the case where meeting room temperature intensity hardness be distributed as " it is low-in-
It is high-in ", and under operating mode hot conditions intensity hardness be distributed as to select under the principle of " low-in-high-higher " it is existing all
Suitable material type or improvement type.
7）Mold after built-up welding three times is repeated into retarded cooling process after double tempering, it then will be after second of slow cooling
Mold place in air, carry out being air-cooled to room temperature.Wherein, temperature is 550 DEG C, and slow cooling temperature is to 180 DEG C.
8）To step 7）Mold after air-cooled is machined, and makes mold portions size in place, is finally obtained bionical
Structure large-scale forging die.This is because slow cooling, to after less than 180 DEG C, tissue and performance are basicly stable, can be cooled to room in air
Temperature.
In the specific implementation, in above-mentioned steps 4）Built-up welding before, need to cast steel substrate to be welded carry out built-up welding strengthen before locate
Reason, including：
A. die surface cleaning treatment removes sand, oxide skin, greasy dirt, iron rust, burr and casting flaw；
B. whole preheated mold is to 450 DEG C；
C. the mold cavity for treating built-up welding is exposed thermal insulation material coating mould；Process temperature >=300 DEG C.
In step 4), 5) and in weld deposit process 6), need：
A. automatic CO is used2, Ar mixed gas（Protective gas volume ratio：Ar80%, CO220%）Protect bead-welding technology.
B. more material increasing material manufacturing process point multilayers carry out.After built-up welding last layer alloy material, overlay surface is removed
Oxide skin and welding slag.
In entire welding process, if mold temperature is less than 300 DEG C, it is necessary to which shove charge preheats again；During being welded, side weld ddge
It is firmly tapped with hammer.
Because the place that the present invention makes the prior art creative contribution is most importantly that biomimetic features design
Itself of method and manufacturing step, therefore in a specific embodiment, many data or numerical value are the optimal values announced, and there is no just
Each specific numberical range is enumerated different numerical value and is illustrated.As long as should be regarded as these numerical value belongs to theory of the present invention
Numberical range described in bright book, it will be able to implement the present invention simultaneously realizes goal of the invention, be only merely implementation result may some not
Together.
The present invention changes the big swage die increasing material manufacturing thinking that traditional hardness gradient rises, and increases the imitative fist skin of one layer of material
The skin-material of skin function, the problems such as reducing the surface layer crackle since high surface hardness is brought, be difficult to machine, forging die skin
Good mechanical performance can effectively extend large-scale Service Life of Forging Die under floor height temperature.
It is last it should be noted that the above embodiment of the present invention is only example to illustrate the invention, and simultaneously
Non- is the restriction to embodiments of the present invention.Although applicant is described in detail the present invention with reference to preferred embodiment,
For those of ordinary skill in the art, other various forms of variations can also be made on the basis of the above description
And variation.Here all embodiments can not be exhaustive.It is every belong to that technical scheme of the present invention amplifies out it is aobvious
And the variation or variation being clear to are still in the row of protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of fist formula biomimetic features heavy-duty forging die tool, including die matrix, it is characterised in that：On die matrix successively
It is formed with transition zone, strengthening layer and skin layer, transition zone and strengthening layer are collectively as bone layer to play a structural support effect, skin
Layer has wear-resistant, anti-deformation as the mold cavity surface layer contacted with forging and under the conditions of high temperature heavy load；Under room temperature,
Die matrix, transition zone and strengthening layer intensity hardness are incremented by successively, and skin layer intensity hardness is less than strengthening layer, in the case where being hot-forged operating mode
Skin layer intensity hardness is without being decreased obviously.
2. fist formula biomimetic features heavy-duty forging die tool according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The die matrix is hard
It spends for HRC 27.4；Transition zone hardness is about HRC 35；Strengthening layer hardness is in more than 50 HRC；Skin layer hardness is HRC 30-
35。
3. fist formula biomimetic features heavy-duty forging die tool according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The transition region thickness
For 20-50 mm；Reinforcing layer thickness is 20-35 mm；Skin layer thickness is 10-15 mm.
4. fist formula biomimetic features heavy-duty forging die tool according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The die matrix is adopted
It is shaped with casting die steel cast；Transition zone and strengthening layer are Cr-Mo-Ni-W-V systems multiple elements design reinforced iron-base material.
5. fist formula biomimetic features heavy-duty forging die tool according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The skin layer is cobalt
Base or nickel base superalloy wlding.
6. the manufacturing method of fist formula biomimetic features heavy-duty forging die tool described in claim 1, which is characterized in that including as follows
Step：
1）The specific forging shaped as needed designs whole homogeneous mold, then carries out numerical simulation using software, obtains whole
Temperature field, stress field and load distribution of the body homogeneous mold under operating mode；
2）The distribution of die matrix, transition zone, strengthening layer and skin layer is determined respectively；
2.1）Determine the distribution of die matrix：Using the performance parameter of die matrix cast steel material to be employed under working condition as
Basis after defined safety coefficient, fits equivalent life curve, and then obtain whole homogeneous by the failure critical point of each section
Mould invalidation region is die matrix below the region；
2.2）Determine the distribution of transition zone：By buffer layer material to be employed in the performance parameter under working condition based on, knot
After safety coefficient as defined in conjunction, equivalent life curve is fitted by the failure critical point of each section, and then obtains whole homogeneous mold and loses
Region is imitated, step 2.1 is arrived below the region）Region between determining die matrix is transition zone；
2.3）Determine the distribution of strengthening layer：By reinforcing layer material to be employed in the performance parameter under working condition based on, knot
After safety coefficient as defined in conjunction, equivalent life curve is fitted by the failure critical point of each section, and then obtains whole homogeneous mold and loses
Region is imitated, step 2.2 is arrived below the region）Region between determining transition zone is strengthening layer；
2.4）Determine the distribution of skin layer：According to strengthening layer to the thickness between mold cavity surface layer in conjunction with more than appropriate processing
Amount determines the distribution of skin layer；
3）According to step 2）Determining die matrix distribution, mold base is poured into a mould out using the die matrix material predefined
Body；Wherein, mold matrix surface is to reserving built-up welding surplus 50-100mm under working condition between Die cavity profile line, after being used for
Continuous built-up welding transition zone, strengthening layer and skin layer；
4）In step 3）It pours on the die matrix being poured in, along reserved built-up welding region, by the material built-up welding transition zone predefined；
Wherein, transition layer surface is to built-up welding surplus 30-50mm is reserved between Die cavity profile line, for follow-up built-up welding strengthening layer and skin
Skin layers；
5）In step 4）On the die matrix of the good transition zone of built-up welding, along reserved built-up welding region, by the material built-up welding predefined
Strengthening layer；Wherein, strengthen layer surface to built-up welding surplus 10-15mm is reserved between Die cavity profile line, for follow-up built-up welding skin
Skin layers；
6）In step 5）On the die matrix of the good strengthening layer of built-up welding, by the material built-up welding skin layer predefined, skin layer weldering
3-5 mm on to Die cavity profile line；
7）By step 6）Obtained mold repeats retarded cooling process after double tempering, then puts the mold after second of slow cooling
It puts in air, is air-cooled to room temperature；
8）To step 7）Mold after air-cooled is machined, and mold portions size is made to reach design requirement, is finally obtained
The biomimetic features heavy-duty forging die tool.
7. the manufacturing method of fist formula biomimetic features heavy-duty forging die tool according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：It is described
Die matrix is poured into a mould to be formed using 3 materials of casting die steel JXZG；The mechanical property of the JXZG 3 is：Yield strength σ s=
656MPa, tension degree σ b=850Mpa, hardness=27.4HRC after heat treatment, elongation percentage δ=16.2%, shrinking percentage Ψ=25.7%, impact
Work(AKv=30.6J.
8. the manufacturing method of fist formula biomimetic features heavy-duty forging die tool according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：It is described
Skin layer material is cobalt-based or nickel base superalloy wlding：δ elongation percentage >=26.6%, ψ shrinking percentage >=30.5%；It is compressed at 650 DEG C
Intensity >=550MPa；With strengthening layer metallurgical binding, bond strength >=750MPa.
9. the manufacturing method of fist formula biomimetic features heavy-duty forging die tool according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：Step
4）、5）With 6）Before built-up welding, die matrix need to be preheated to 450~500 DEG C, die matrix temperature need to be maintained in weld deposit process
300 DEG C or more.
10. the manufacturing method of fist formula biomimetic features heavy-duty forging die tool according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：Step
Rapid 4）、5）With 6）During built-up welding, it is both needed to logical CO2It is protected with the mixed gas of Ar, the volume ratio of the mixed gas is：
Ar80%~90%, CO210%~20%.
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| CN110899707A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-03-24 | 武汉理工大学 | Powder shape-following volume material increase method for remanufacturing hot forging die and application thereof |
| CN112207526A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-01-12 | 江苏亨睿碳纤维科技有限公司 | Composite material autoclave forming die and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN108213304B (en) | 2020-01-10 |
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