CN108212822A - A kind of quick male and female silkworm chrysalis sorting unit and method - Google Patents
A kind of quick male and female silkworm chrysalis sorting unit and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108212822A CN108212822A CN201711297270.3A CN201711297270A CN108212822A CN 108212822 A CN108212822 A CN 108212822A CN 201711297270 A CN201711297270 A CN 201711297270A CN 108212822 A CN108212822 A CN 108212822A
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- silkworm chrysalis
- female
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
- B07C5/342—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
- B07C5/363—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air
- B07C5/365—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air using a single separation means
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of quick male and female silkworm chrysalis sorting units, including sequentially connected injection units, detection unit and separation unit, wherein, the injection units include sequentially connected charging belt and vibrating disk, the detection belt that the detection unit includes with vibrating disk is connected, light source, fibre-optical probe, photoswitch, spectrometer, computer and the PLC unit being set to above the detection belt；The separation unit is according to the male and female of the obtained silkworm chrysalis of detection unit as a result, being blown into the collecting box specified when silkworm chrysalis reaches designated position.By apparatus of the present invention, it can realize the quick identification of male and female silkworm chrysalis, largely save human cost, while change the predicament of labor shortage.
Description
Technical field
This application involves a kind of automatic identifications based on near-infrared spectrum analysis and the device more particularly to one kind of sorting
Using the device and method of Short-wave near-infrared spectroscopy identification silkworm male and female silkworm chrysalis, for male and female silkworm chrysalis automatic sorting.
Background technology
China is the source state of world's sericulture industry and propagates state, while be also the largest silk producing country and exported country.Silkworm
Mulberry industry includes multiple links such as silkworm egg cultivation, planting mulberry and breeding silkworm.
Sericulture industry is greatly developed, inseparable with stabilization and the sustainable development of silkworm egg industry.At present, China's silkworm and mulberry are given birth to
Silkworm egg used is all first-filial generation in production, is by the strain parent with different biological character and economic characters characteristic
Between mating obtain, there is the heterosis, hybrid vigor of a variety of characters, therefore the accurate of silkworm chrysalis male and female sort, ensure that hybridization is thoroughly
Important technology requirement in silkworm egg production, hybridizes the important indicator that thorough rate is silkworm egg quality restriction.At present, seed station
The shape and external genital organs feature for observing by the naked eye male and female silkworm chrysalis are sorted, and this method needs masterful technique experience
It accumulates, take time and effort.Silkworm egg production has very strong seasonality, and a large amount of experienced operator is needed to carry out sorting operation in a short time.With
The problem of China's process of industrialization accelerates and astogeny is on the rise, and silkworm chrysalis sorting worker increasingly lacks, and recruitment is short day
Become prominent, increasing risk is caused to silkworm egg production quality guarantee.Fully research finds that the difference of male and female silkworm chrysalis is special
Parameter is levied, develops sorting machine, realizes that fast and efficiently the sorting of silkworm chrysalis male and female is the only way solved the problems, such as, for silkworm and mulberry
The sustainable development of industry is of great significance.The core of sorting is to differentiate, it is therefore desirable to establish efficient silkworm chrysalis male and female mirror
Other method.
Near-infrared spectral analysis technology has many advantages, such as that test speed is fast, lossless and green non-pollution, at agricultural production (food)
Product, medicine and other fields are widely used.There is scholar's development relevant research of silk cocoon male and female, Yan Hui, Li Yupin etc. to utilize so far to go
The near infrared spectrum of pupa cocoon shell differentiates the male and female of silkworm chrysalis, and accuracy has reached more than 94%.For static lower 3 product of the research such as sweet smell
The near infrared spectrum identification method of kind silk cocoon male and female, the accuracy for building prediction model have reached 92%.
Current research is all static, differentiates that speed is slow.Differentiate speed to improve, the present invention provides dynamic online inspection
Device and method is surveyed, reaches and identifies and sort purpose at a high speed.
Invention content
Goal of the invention：In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of dynamic high speed acquisition silkworm chrysalis
The device and method of near infrared spectrum establish the recognition methods based on silkworm chrysalis near infrared spectrum, are finally reached the sorting of male and female silkworm chrysalis
Purpose.
Technical solution：To achieve the above object, the present invention proposes a kind of quick male and female silkworm chrysalis sorting unit, including according to
Injection units, detection unit and the separation unit of secondary connection, wherein,
The injection units include sequentially connected charging belt and vibrating disk；
The detection unit include with detection belt that vibrating disk is connected, be set to the light source detected above belt,
Photoswitch, fibre-optical probe, spectrometer, computer and PLC unit, the inner face of the detection belt is in dentation, by stepper motor with tooth
It takes turns the kind of drive and drives rotation, detect and wedge-shaped impression is provided with outside belt, detection belt is horizontal；The optical fiber
Probe be connected with spectrometer, the photoswitch is connected successively with PLC unit, computer and spectrometer, when in photoswitch light by silkworm chrysalis
During blocking, photoswitch sends out signal to PLC unit, and PLC unit reads the step length data of stepper motor, and is stored in PLC unit
Register in, while record silkworm chrysalis number, PLC unit to computer serial line interface send instruct, instruct for silkworm chrysalis number, electricity
Brain reads silkworm chrysalis by serial ports and numbers, and trigger spectrometer collection spectroscopic data, and the spectroscopic data of acquisition is sentenced according to computation model
Break and male and female result；
The separation unit is according to the male and female of the obtained silkworm chrysalis of detection unit as a result, when silkworm chrysalis reaches designated position
It is blown into the collecting box specified.
Preferably, the spectrometer is Short-wave near-infrared spectroscopy instrument.
The upper width 0.4-0.7cm of the groove, lower width 0-0.3cm, deep 0.2-0.4cm.The design of the groove causes silkworm chrysalis
The transmission on a moving belt that can stablize.
The fibre-optical probe is located at 1.3-1.8cm above detection belt.
The transmission speed of the belt is 5~25cm/s, it is preferable that belt transport speed is 10~20cm/s.
The separation unit includes the first air nozzle, the second air nozzle, the first Electron door control air valve, the second Electron door control
Air valve, female silkworm chrysalis collector unit, male silkworm chrysalis collector unit and collection device, first air nozzle and the second air nozzle difference
It is set to the top of detection belt and after fibre-optical probe, the first Electron door control air valve and the second Electron door control air valve
The jet of the first air nozzle of control and the second air nozzle is controlled by PLC unit and is respectively used to, the PLC unit reads stepping
Stepping data in motor, and calculate according to register stepping data, the displacement distance of silkworm chrysalis is calculated, and according to spectrum point
The male and female judgement result of analysis is respectively collected silkworm chrysalis, if specifically, the judgement of target silkworm chrysalis is the result is that be unable to prejudgementing character
Not, when the displacement distance of the silkworm chrysalis reaches the first air nozzle, the first Electron door control air valve is opened, sprays the first air nozzle
The silkworm chrysalis that not can determine that is blown into collection device by gas；If the decision is that male, then reaching the second air nozzle in silkworm chrysalis is,
The second Electron door control air valve is opened, makes the second air nozzle jet that male silkworm chrysalis is blown into male silkworm chrysalis collector unit；If it is determined that knot
Fruit is female, then the silkworm chrysalis will enter female silkworm chrysalis collector unit from the rearmost end of belt.
Distance of first air nozzle apart from fibre-optical probe is 25~20cm, and the second air nozzle is apart from fibre-optical probe
Distance is 25~40cm.
Present invention further proposes the method that quick male and female silkworm chrysalis sorting is carried out using above device, including walking as follows
Suddenly：
(1) silkworm chrysalis that male and female mix is input to vibrating disk by charging belt, silkworm chrysalis is input to silkworm chrysalis by vibrating disk
Detection belt；
(2) silkworm chrysalis moves ahead with belt, and when light is blocked by silkworm chrysalis in light path switch, PLC setting 1~i of silkworm chrysalis number are simultaneously stored up
Register is stored to, wherein, i is the number of register, the use of i register cycle, it is preferable that using 32 registers, simultaneously
Also the step-length of stepper motor at this time is stored into corresponding register, and silkworm chrysalis number is sent to the serial ports of computer, computer is read
The data encoding in serial ports is got, analyze silkworm chrysalis number and adopts spectrum instruction, and start spectrometer collection spectrum；
(3) spectroscopic data of acquisition according to computation model judges male and female as a result, computer sends out instruction to PLC unit, refers to
The result coding for including silkworm chrysalis number and judgement is enabled, the PLC unit reads the stepping data in stepper motor, and calculates root
According to register stepping record value, the displacement distance of silkworm chrysalis is calculated, is encoded according to the result of judgement, specified collect is reached in silkworm chrysalis
During position, silkworm chrysalis is blown into corresponding collector unit
Specifically, the displacement distance of silkworm chrysalis is calculated by the following method：The displacement distance of silkworm chrysalis is by the following method
It is calculated：When light is blocked by silkworm chrysalis in light path switch, accumulation step diameter number B1 in stepper motor is read, when transmission belt position
It moves L constantly, stops stepper motor, read and number of steps B2 is accumulated in stepper motor, calculate every step displacement distance of stepper motor
LB1, wherein, L is 25~35cm：
When silkworm chrysalis moves in feed belt, PLC reads the accumulation step number B in stepper motor at interval of 3msreal, root
According to BrealWith the number Bi of silkworm chrysalis in PLC registers, wherein, i be silkworm chrysalis number, the value is corresponding with the number of PLC registers,
The practical displacement distance Li (i=1,2,3 ..., 32) that silkworm chrysalis is corresponded to when silkworm chrysalis blocks photoswitch is calculated, formula is：
Li=LB1 × (Breal-Bi)。
Wherein, the computation model described in step (3) obtains by the following method：
(1) the fresh silk cocoon of silkworm general types original seed is chosen, cocoon is cut and takes silkworm chrysalis, each kind takes female, male silkworm chrysalis respectively
No less than 30, male and female gender acquires spectrum respectively, once a day, until silkworm chrysalis moth, wherein, spectrometer adopts spectral limit
813-1075nm, spectrum integral time 8-50ms, spectral scan number 3-20 times,；
(2) female pupa is set as 2, male pupa is set as 1；
(3) spectrum is pre-processed, method is standard normal variable transformation, multiplicative scatter correction；
(4) using deflected secondary air established model, cross validation is carried out by way of randomized block, is tested using intersection
Demonstrate,prove root-mean-square error minimum when because of subnumber, usually because subnumber is up to 7, deposit model；By male and female silkworm chrysalis cross validation results point
Not carry out normal distribution fitting, according to probability distribution curve, it is general to obtain value M90, female silkworm chrysalis that male silkworm chrysalis probability distribution is 90%
Rate is distributed as 10% value F10, and judgement of the result of calculation less than M90 is hero, and the judgement more than F10 is female, is between
It not can determine that.
Advantageous effect：Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
(1) it gives silkworm chrysalis by photoswitch to number, by stepper motor step information, grasps all spectra collections in real time
The displacement distance of silkworm chrysalis afterwards.This method is better with the method that light switch identification silkworm chrysalis arrives than in blow gun mouth, will not be due to
One blow gun fails silkworm chrysalis to be blown away or blown away two once in a while, and silkworm chrysalis dislocation is caused to lead to the serious error of follow-up separation；
(2) blow gun uses more aperture blowing, stablizes than single aperture blowing, and silkworm chrysalis caused by single aperture blowing will not occur rotates, and influences other
The location status of silkworm chrysalis or the phenomenon that do not blow off；
(3) using groove type belt, there is transmission and the double action stablized, realize reliable transmission and detection；Using
The method of reflectance spectrum, it is more easy to detect than transmission-type；Spectra collection speed is fast, using 3 averaged spectrums as original spectrum
In the case of, the spectra collection signal that PLC is obtained from computer sends object command to completion spectra collection, calculating, to PLC, it is only necessary to
32ms；
(4) due to the price of long wavelength near infrared spectrometry instrument height, system cost can be caused to rise, directly limit popularization and
Using the present invention carries out spectrum analysis using Short-wave near-infrared spectroscopy, and spectrometer price used is very low, has before promoting well
Scape；
(5) by the present apparatus, it can realize the quick identification of male and female silkworm chrysalis, largely save human cost, change simultaneously
Become the predicament of labor shortage.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional view for detecting belt；
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of sorting unit of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structure diagram of detection unit of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the structure diagram of separation unit of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the atlas of near infrared spectra of silkworm cyanines pine A kind original seed silkworm chrysalises；
Fig. 6 is the multiple kind silkworm chrysalis atlas of near infrared spectra of silkworm；
Fig. 7 is through the pretreated atlas of near infrared spectra of SNV methods；
Fig. 8 is the probability distribution graph of male silkworm chrysalis cross validation results；
Fig. 9 is the probability distribution graph of female silkworm chrysalis cross validation results.
Specific embodiment
The present invention proposes a kind of device of dynamic high speed acquisition silkworm chrysalis near infrared spectrum, including sequentially connected loading
Unit, detection unit and separation unit.
Wherein, as shown in figures 1-4, injection units include sequentially connected charging belt and vibrating disk, wherein, detection is single
Member include with detection belt 7 that vibrating disk is connected, be set to and detect light source 4 above belt (including two light bulbs, Mei Geguang
Light source cover 5 is provided with outside source), fibre-optical probe 6, photoswitch 8, spectrometer, computer and PLC unit, the inner face for detecting belt is in tooth
Shape is driven with gear transmission mode by stepper motor and rotated, and the transmission speed of belt is 5~25cm/s, detects the outside of belt
Wedge-shaped impression (such as Fig. 1), the upper width 0.4-0.7cm of groove, lower width 0-0.3cm, deep 0.2-0.4cm are provided with, detection belt is in
Horizontality.Fibre-optical probe is connected with spectrometer, and fibre-optical probe is located at 1.3-1.8cm above detection belt, the fibre-optical probe
Distance detection belt 15~20cm of the initial segment end, photoswitch successively with PLC unit, computer and Short-wave near-infrared spectroscopy instrument phase
Even, when light is blocked by silkworm chrysalis in photoswitch, photoswitch 8 sends out signal to PLC unit, and PLC unit reads the step of stepper motor
Long data, and be stored in the register of PLC unit, while record silkworm chrysalis number, PLC unit is sent to computer serial line interface
Instruction is instructed and is numbered for silkworm chrysalis, and computer reads silkworm chrysalis by serial ports and numbers, and trigger spectrometer collection spectroscopic data, acquisition
Spectroscopic data judges male and female result according to computation model.
Separation unit is according to the male and female of the obtained silkworm chrysalis of detection unit as a result, being blown into when silkworm chrysalis reaches designated position
The collecting box specified, specifically, separation unit include the first air nozzle 9, the second air nozzle 2, the first Electron door control air valve, the
Two Electron door control air valves, female silkworm chrysalis collector unit, male silkworm chrysalis collector unit and collection device, the first air nozzle and 9 second jets
Mouth 10 be respectively arranged at detection belt top and after fibre-optical probe, wherein, the first air nozzle apart from fibre-optical probe away from
From for 25~20cm, distance of second air nozzle apart from fibre-optical probe is 25~40cm the first Electron door control air valves and the second electricity
Cervical orifice of uterus air control valve is controlled by PLC unit and is respectively used to the jet of the first air nozzle of control and the second air nozzle, and PLC unit is read
It takes the stepping data in stepper motor, and calculates according to register stepping data, calculate the displacement distance of silkworm chrysalis, and according to
The male and female judgement result of spectrum analysis is respectively collected silkworm chrysalis, if specifically, the judgement of target silkworm chrysalis is the result is that cannot
Sex estimation when the displacement distance of the silkworm chrysalis reaches the first air nozzle, opens the first Electron door control air valve, makes the first spray
The silkworm chrysalis that not can determine that is blown into collection device by gas nozzle jet；If the decision is that it is male, then reach the second jet in silkworm chrysalis
Mouth is to open the second Electron door control air valve, make the second air nozzle jet that male silkworm chrysalis is blown into male silkworm chrysalis collector unit；If
Judge that result is female, then the silkworm chrysalis will enter female silkworm chrysalis collector unit from the rearmost end of belt.
Spectral model method for building up：
(1) the silkworm original seed of breeding is chosen, fresh silkworm chrysalis is cut out, takes silkworm chrysalis, is carefully differentiated, isolated by naked eyes
Male and female silkworm chrysalis, each 30-100；
(2) silkworm chrysalis is put into loading hopper, silkworm chrysalis enters vibrating disk by discharge port 1, and silkworm chrysalis is with the discharge port of vibrating disc
Into in the groove above to thong.The transmission of belt is driven by stepper motor, and fastest is 20cm/s.
(3) when silkworm chrysalis enters detection zone, blocks photoswitch, PLC setting silkworm chrysalis numbers (1-32) are stored into register,
Totally 32 registers recycle, while the step-length of stepper motor at this time also are stored into corresponding register.It and will number
The serial ports of computer is sent to, computer reads the data encoding in string, analyzes silkworm chrysalis number and adopts spectrum instruction, and start light
Spectrometer acquires spectrum, and spectrometer adopts spectral limit 813-1075nm, spectrum integral time 8-50ms, spectral scan number 3-20 times,
Spectrum is stored, wherein, the displacement distance of silkworm chrysalis is calculated by the following method：When light is blocked by silkworm chrysalis in light path switch,
Read stepper motor in accumulation step diameter number B1, when transmission belt displacement L constantly, stop stepper motor, read stepper motor in tire out
Product number of steps B2 calculates every step displacement distance LB1 of stepper motor, wherein, L is 25~35cm：
(4) when silkworm chrysalis moves in feed belt, PLC reads the accumulation step number in stepper motor at interval of 3ms
Breal, according to BrealWith the number Bi of silkworm chrysalis in PLC registers, wherein, i is the number of silkworm chrysalis, of the value and PLC registers
Number corresponds to, and calculates the practical displacement distance Li (i=1,2,3 ..., 32) that silkworm chrysalis is corresponded to when silkworm chrysalis blocks photoswitch, formula
For：
Li=LB1 × (Breal-Bi)。
(5) female pupa is set as 2, male is set as 1.Spectrum is pre-processed, method becomes for standard normal variable
It changes, multiplicative scatter correction.Using offset minimum binary (PLS) Method Modeling type.Cross validation is carried out by way of randomized block,
During using RMSECV minimums because of subnumber, usually because subnumber is up to 7, deposit model.Male and female silkworm chrysalis cross validation results are distinguished
Normal distribution fitting is carried out, according to probability distribution curve, it is 90% value M90, female silkworm chrysalis probability to obtain male silkworm chrysalis probability distribution
The value F10 of distribution 10%.Judgement of the result of calculation less than M90 is hero, and the judgement more than F10 is female, and being between cannot
Sex estimation.And external data verification is carried out with another batch of silkworm chrysalis, result of calculation consistency is good, simultaneously preservation model is determined, by mould
Type loads on spectral analysis software.
(6) process of automatic sorting is calculated when the spectrum of spectrometer collection to silkworm chrysalis according to the method that model provides
Numerical result is obtained, if less than M90, is then encoded to " 35 ", if greater than F10 values, then " 53 " are encoded to, if in
Between, then " 45 " are encoded to, PLC is sent to together with the silkworm chrysalis number coding received.PLC receives the instruction that computer transmits,
Silkworm chrysalis difference is resolved to as a result, and being stored in the register of corresponding silkworm chrysalis number；
(7) PLC reads the stepping data in stepper motor per 3ms, and calculates according to register step value, calculates silkworm
The displacement distance of pupa, when reaching blow gun position, according to spectrum analysis as a result, starting the switch of air valve.If it cannot sentence
It is qualitative other, just open air valve 1, if it is decided that be male, then open air valve 2, be determined as the rearmost end entrance of the slave belt of female
Sort bag.After starting air valve, PLC removes the data in the register of corresponding silkworm chrysalis number.
(8) by these steps, the high speed sorting of silkworm chrysalis male and female can be realized.
The present invention is further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Embodiment 1
Build spectra collection part.Using fiber spectrometer, wave-length coverage 815-1075nm, 1240 wavelength variables.It adopts
Spectra collection software is developed with C# language, realizes spectra collection.Acquire dark current, open light source, using polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) blank as
With reference to spectrum.
Silkworm cyanines pine A kind original seed silkworm chrysalises are taken, female 96,100 male, acquisition spectrum is primary daily, is until changing moth
Only.Belt velocity of rotation 5cm/s.Using fiber spectrometer (MAYA types, U.S. Oceanoptics), wave-length coverage 815-
1075nm, 1240 wavelength variables.Spectrometer time of integration 15ms is set, spectral scan number is 6,
On the basis of OminiDriver 2.12, spectra collection software is developed using C# language, realizes spectra collection.
Dark current is acquired, opens light source, using polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) blank as reference spectrum, acquires the near infrared spectrum (such as Fig. 5) of silkworm chrysalis,
As seen from the figure, spectral quality is preferable, can be used for spectrum modeling and spectrum calculates.
Embodiment 2
The original seed silkworm chrysalis of multiple cultivated silkworm breed varieties is taken, including 1 local varieties (making greatly), 3 production Bed linens kind original seeds
(cyanines pine A, Soviet Union, tiger) and 2 hybridization original seeds (wild B* cyanines pine A, Soviet Union * towns), each kind 100, half male and half female.
Spectral wavelength ranges 813-1075nm, 1250 wavelength variables.Spectra collection software is developed using C# language, it is real
Existing spectra collection.
Dark current is acquired, opens light source, using polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) blank as with reference to spectrum.Belt velocity of rotation 20cm/s.It adopts
With fiber spectrometer (MAYA types, U.S. Oceanoptics), wave-length coverage 813-1075nm, 1250 wavelength variables.Setting
Spectrometer time of integration 8ms, spectral scan number are 3, and acquisition spectrum is primary daily, until changing moth.Gained spectrum 5962
It is a, as shown in Figure 6.
Embodiment 3
Pupa female in embodiment 2 is set as 2, male is set as 1.Spectrum is pre-processed, method becomes for standard normal
Change of variable, the spectrum after transformation are as shown in Figure 7.
Using PLS Method Modelings, cross validation is carried out by way of randomized block, factor during using RMSECV minimums
Number 6, preservation model.Male and female silkworm chrysalis cross validation results are subjected to normal distribution fitting respectively, as shown in Figure 8, Figure 9.
According to probability distribution curve, obtain the value M90 that male silkworm chrysalis probability distribution is 90% be 1.445,1 probability of female silkworm chrysalis
The value F10 of distribution 10% is 1.620.Judgement of the result of calculation less than 1.445 for hero, judgement more than 1.620 be it is female, between
Centre is that not can determine that.
Regression coefficient, M90 and F10 in preprocess method, model is loaded into spectral analysis software.
Embodiment 4
Using the Silkworm race in embodiment 2, totally 1000 silkworm chrysalises, wherein half male and half female, the model in Application Example 3
The spectral detection of silkworm chrysalis and sorting sub-elect female pupa 462, male pupa 442, it is impossible to which identification is 96, and detection accuracy reaches
98.2%, within the error rate 5% required in silkworm egg production.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of quick male and female silkworm chrysalis sorting unit, which is characterized in that including sequentially connected injection units, detection unit and divide
Menu member, wherein,
The injection units include sequentially connected charging belt and vibrating disk；
The detection unit include with detection belt that vibrating disk is connected, be set to the light source detected above belt, light is opened
Pass, fibre-optical probe, spectrometer, computer and PLC unit, the inner face of the detection belt are passed in dentation by stepper motor with gear
Flowing mode drives rotation, detects and wedge-shaped impression is provided with outside belt, and detection belt is horizontal；The fibre-optical probe with
Spectrometer is connected, and the photoswitch is connected successively with PLC unit, computer and spectrometer, when light is blocked by silkworm chrysalis in photoswitch,
Photoswitch sends out signal to PLC unit, and PLC unit reads the step length data of stepper motor, and is stored in the register of PLC unit
In, while silkworm chrysalis number is recorded, PLC unit sends to computer serial line interface and instructs, and instructs and is numbered for silkworm chrysalis, and computer passes through serial ports
Silkworm chrysalis number is read, and triggers spectrometer collection spectroscopic data, the spectroscopic data of acquisition judges male and female knot according to computation model
Fruit；
The separation unit is according to the male and female of the obtained silkworm chrysalis of detection unit as a result, being blown into finger when silkworm chrysalis reaches designated position
Fixed collecting box.
2. quick male and female silkworm chrysalis sorting unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the spectrometer is closely red for shortwave
External spectrum carries out spectrometer.
3. quick male and female silkworm chrysalis sorting unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the upper width 0.4- of the groove
0.7cm, lower width 0-0.3cm, deep 0.2-0.4cm.
4. quick male and female silkworm chrysalis sorting unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the fibre-optical probe is located at detection
1.3-1.8cm above belt, 15~20cm of the initial segment end of the fibre-optical probe distance detection belt.
5. quick male and female silkworm chrysalis sorting unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the transmission speed of the belt is
5~25cm/s.
6. quick male and female silkworm chrysalis sorting unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the separation unit includes first
Air nozzle, the second air nozzle, the first Electron door control air valve, the second Electron door control air valve, female silkworm chrysalis collector unit, male silkworm chrysalis are collected
Unit and collection device, first air nozzle and the second air nozzle are respectively arranged at the top of detection belt and in fibre-optical probes
Later, the first Electron door control air valve and the second Electron door control air valve are controlled by PLC unit and are respectively used to the first spray of control
The jet of gas nozzle and the second air nozzle, the PLC unit reads the stepping data in stepper motor, and calculates and walked according to register
Into data, the displacement distance of silkworm chrysalis is calculated, and judge that result is respectively collected silkworm chrysalis according to the male and female of spectrum analysis, had
Body, if the judgement of target silkworm chrysalis is the result is that be unable to Sex estimation, when the displacement distance of the silkworm chrysalis reaches the first air nozzle
When, the first Electron door control air valve is opened, makes the first air nozzle jet that the silkworm chrysalis that not can determine that is blown into collection device；If it is determined that
The result is that male, then it is to open the second Electron door control air valve, make the second air nozzle jet will be male to reach the second air nozzle in silkworm chrysalis
Property silkworm chrysalis is blown into male silkworm chrysalis collector unit；If it is determined that result is female, then the silkworm chrysalis will enter female silkworm from the rearmost end of belt
Pupa collector unit.
7. quick male and female silkworm chrysalis sorting unit according to claim 6, which is characterized in that first air nozzle is apart from light
The distance of fibre probe is 25~20cm, and distance of second air nozzle apart from fibre-optical probe is 25~40cm.
A kind of 8. method that quick male and female silkworm chrysalis sorting is carried out using claim 1 described device, which is characterized in that including as follows
Step：
(1) silkworm chrysalis that male and female mix is input to vibrating disk by charging belt, silkworm chrysalis is input to the inspection of silkworm chrysalis by vibrating disk
Survey belt；
(2) silkworm chrysalis moves ahead with belt, and when light is blocked by silkworm chrysalis in light path switch, PLC setting 1~i of silkworm chrysalis number are simultaneously stored into
Register, wherein, i is the number of register, and i register cycle uses, while also stores the step-length of stepper motor at this time
To corresponding register, and silkworm chrysalis is numbered to the serial ports for being sent to computer, computer reads the data encoding in serial ports, analyzes
Spectrum instruction is numbered and adopted to silkworm chrysalis, and starts spectrometer collection spectrum；
(3) spectroscopic data of acquisition judges male and female as a result, computer sends out instruction, instruction packet to PLC unit according to computation model
The result coding of silkworm chrysalis number and judgement is included, the PLC unit reads the stepping data in stepper motor, and calculates according to deposit
Device stepping record value calculates the displacement distance of silkworm chrysalis, is encoded according to the result of judgement, when silkworm chrysalis reaches specified collection position,
Silkworm chrysalis is blown into corresponding collector unit.
9. according to the method described in claim 8, it is characterized in that, the displacement distance of silkworm chrysalis is calculated by the following method：
When light is blocked by silkworm chrysalis in light path switch, read stepper motor in accumulation step diameter number B1, when transmission belt displacement L constantly, stop
Stepper motor is halted, reads and number of steps B2 is accumulated in stepper motor, calculates every step displacement distance LB1 of stepper motor, wherein, L
For 25~35cm：
When silkworm chrysalis moves in feed belt, PLC reads the accumulation step number B in stepper motor at interval of 2-4msreal, according to
BrealWith the number Bi of silkworm chrysalis in PLC registers, wherein, i be silkworm chrysalis number, the value is corresponding with the number of PLC registers, count
The practical displacement distance Li (i=1,2,3 ..., 32) that silkworm chrysalis is corresponded to when silkworm chrysalis blocks photoswitch is calculated, formula is：
Li=LB1 × (Breal-Bi)。
10. according to the method described in claim 9, it is characterized in that, the computation model described in step (3) obtains by the following method
It arrives：
(1) the fresh silk cocoon of silkworm general types original seed is chosen, cocoon is cut and takes silkworm chrysalis, each kind takes female, male silkworm chrysalis many respectively
In 30, male and female gender acquires spectrum respectively, once a day, until silkworm chrysalis moth, wherein, spectrometer adopts spectral limit 813-
1075nm, spectrum integral time 8-50ms, spectral scan number 3-20 times,；
(2) female pupa is set as 2, male pupa is set as 1；
(3) spectrum is pre-processed, method is standard normal variable transformation, multiplicative scatter correction；
(4) using deflected secondary air established model, cross validation is carried out by way of randomized block, it is square using cross validation
During root error minimum because of subnumber, usually because subnumber is up to 7, deposit model；Male and female silkworm chrysalis cross validation results are carried out respectively
Normal distribution is fitted, and according to probability distribution curve, it is 90% value M90, female silkworm chrysalis probability distribution to obtain male silkworm chrysalis probability distribution
For 10% value F10, judgement of the result of calculation less than M90 is hero, and the judgement more than F10 is female, is that cannot sentence between
It is fixed.
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