CN108211892A - 粘性液体搅拌器 - Google Patents

粘性液体搅拌器 Download PDF

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CN108211892A
CN108211892A CN201711309647.2A CN201711309647A CN108211892A CN 108211892 A CN108211892 A CN 108211892A CN 201711309647 A CN201711309647 A CN 201711309647A CN 108211892 A CN108211892 A CN 108211892A
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J.H.N.波斯特
M.J.巴克
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Fast and Fluid Management BV
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    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/80—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis
    • B01F27/90—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with paddles or arms 
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    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
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    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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    • B01F27/0726—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft characterised by the disposition of the stirrers with respect to the rotating axis having stirring elements connected to the stirrer shaft each by a single radial rod, other than open frameworks
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    • B01F27/0727—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft characterised by the disposition of the stirrers with respect to the rotating axis having stirring elements connected to the stirrer shaft each by two or more radial rods, e.g. the shaft being interrupted between the rods, or of crankshaft type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
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    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/80—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis
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    • B01F27/906—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with paddles or arms  with fixed axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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    • B01F2101/00—Mixing characterised by the nature of the mixed materials or by the application field
    • B01F2101/30—Mixing paints or paint ingredients, e.g. pigments, dyes, colours, lacquers or enamel
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于粘性液体、特别是涂料用着色剂的容器(1)，所述容器(1)包括具有可旋转轴(3)和连接至轴(3)的多个桨叶(4)的搅拌器(2)。桨叶(4)和/或桨叶(4)与轴(4)之间的连接(5)中的至少一个是柔性的。

Description

粘性液体搅拌器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于粘性液体、特别是涂料用着色剂(colorant for paint)的容器，其包括具有延伸穿过容器中心的可旋转轴(例如，单个或复合的轴)以及连接到轴上的多个桨叶的搅拌器。
背景技术
悬浮在液体中的颗粒的布朗运动不足以克服重力，并且这样的颗粒倾向于从液体中沉淀出来并聚集。涂料行业已为此问题奋斗了一百多年。为使用着色剂分配器成功施加有色着色剂，必须对悬浮液进行搅动(通常为搅拌)。
EP 2 198 950涉及一种用于分配多种流体的装置(在该公开的附图中用数字1表示)，其包括支撑件(诸如转台(2)或线性台)，安装在支撑件(2)上用于容纳流体的多个容器(4)，连接到各个容器(4)的泵(3)，用于顺序操作泵(3)的公共致动器(31)，可旋转地安装在容器(4)内部并从其延伸的搅拌元件，以及用于转动搅拌元件的驱动机构(21)。
WO 2008/110606涉及一种罐组件，其包括具有连接到底部的圆柱形外壁的环形外壳(21)，所述底部又连接到用作立管的圆柱形内壁。底部包括连接到泵的出口(29)。中空搅拌轴(21)在内立管上滑动并包括用于搅拌或“搅动”流体的多个向外延伸的叶片(32)。
EP 1 908 510涉及一种用于混合流体(特别是涂料和清漆)的装置。该公开的附图示出了包含搅拌元件的储罐。GB 1,004,721、EP 298 806和KR 10-2016-0077346也公开了搅拌装置。
搅拌器以许多形式和形状使用。为实现充分均化，通常通过将旋转速度提升至高达3000rpm(每分钟转数)来产生湍流。在涉及粘度相对高的液体的应用中，搅拌器通常相对缓慢地旋转，例如，转速在5至200rpm的范围内。这样的搅拌器对液体施加低剪切力。例如，着色剂系统的销售点通常配备有以20至40rpm的速度运转的搅拌器。
着色剂通常是具有复杂结构以便减少长期存储(即，在耗尽和重新填充之前，着色剂经常在多容器分配器中的容器中存储较长时间，例如，数月)时的颜料沉降的粘性液体。此外，为满足现行法规的要求，现有着色剂含有较低量的添加剂，诸如稳定剂。
因此，着色剂对因老化和施加的剪切力所致的降解更敏感。
这通常导致液体的粘度增加到20-100Pa.s或更高的非常高的值。发现搅拌这样的高粘度液体会导致搅拌器和/或驱动搅拌器的机构过载。另外，发现极端剪切力会加速着色剂的降解。
本发明的目的是提供一种用于在容器中均化粘性液体(特别是涂料用着色剂)的改进的搅拌器。
发明内容
为此，根据本发明的搅拌器的特征在于，桨叶和/或桨叶与轴之间的连接中的至少一个、优选至少一些或全部是柔性的(flexible)。
在一个实施方式中，桨叶和/或桨叶与轴之间的连接中的至少一个、优选至少一些或全部被构造为弹性弯曲和/或扭转至少20度，优选至少30度。
在一个改进方案中，桨叶中的至少一个、优选至少一些或全部与轴之间的连接具有小于1.5Nm/rad的扭转刚度，优选0.1至1Nm/rad的扭转刚度，例如平均超过1/8π弧度。
在另一个实施方式中，搅拌器被构造为使得以40rpm在粘度为40Pa·s的液体中旋转的搅拌器所耗费的功率(在实践中为驱动搅拌器的电动马达所耗费的功率)，与以40rpm在粘度为10Pa.s的液体中旋转的(相同)搅拌器所耗费的功率相比，高出不到100％，优选不到50％，优选不到40％。当然，这个实验应该在其它条件不变下进行，即在其它条件相同的条件下进行。可在内径比搅拌器有效外径大1cm的(圆形)圆柱形容器(留下0.5cm的圆周方向间隙)中实现可靠的比较。
采用本发明，随着液体粘度的增加，桨叶的弯曲和/或扭转将显著增加。结果，搅拌器上的负荷和搅拌器施加在粘性液体上的负荷不再会随着粘性液体粘度的增加而成比例地增加，而是显著较少地增加，结果，搅拌器或驱动搅拌器的机构的故障风险降低和/或施加在着色剂上的剪切力降低，从而延长液体(诸如着色剂)的“容器寿命”。
在一个实施方式中，桨叶中的至少一些、优选全部相对于轴倾斜30至60度，所述轴在操作期间通常垂直放置。
为改善容器内的循环，在一个实施方式中，桨叶中的至少一些、优选全部通过臂(特别是杆)连接到轴。因此，桨叶产生向上或向下的液体位移(取决于桨叶的取向和旋转的方向)，且液体沿相反方向(分别为向下或向上)循环。在一个实施方式中，臂在轴的轴线方向上的厚度为轴的轴线方向上的高度的30％或更少，优选20％或更少。
在另一个实施方式中，臂不对称地连接到桨叶，例如，连接到桨叶的下半部分或上半部分。不对称连接有利于实现足够的杠杆，从而使桨叶弯曲。
在可有效用于桨叶相对于轴为刚性的搅拌器中的一个实施方式中，轴和桨叶之间的连接(例如臂)中的至少一个、优选一些或全部相对于垂直于轴(中心线)的平面倾斜延伸，优选在10至60度的范围内，更优选在15至50度的范围内。
当臂倾斜延伸时，减少甚至阻止空气在液体表面处混入液体，和/或臂上的液体更快地流回液体主体。
在一个实施方式中，搅拌器由合成材料制成，优选热塑性聚合物，例如POM、聚酰胺、聚酯或聚烯烃(例如聚乙烯或聚丙烯)。
在另一个实施方式中，搅拌器包括一系列桨叶或多个桨叶组，其中组中的每个桨叶位于轴的相同或基本相同的轴线位置处，但具有不同半径——沿轴的长度布置并且优选地使得桨叶的上边缘在轴线方向上看与直接位于其上的桨叶或桨叶组的下边缘重叠。
为向上推动或刮除沉积物，在一个实施方式中，最下面的桨叶或桨叶组延伸至容器的底部，优选留下小于5、优选小于3mm的间隙。
在另一个实施方式中，容器具有圆形的横截面，是长条形的(oblong)，具有小于100厘米的高度，具有小于45厘米的直径，和/或至少当其包含液体时垂直延伸。
本发明还涉及一种用于粘性液体、特别是涂料用着色剂的搅拌器，其具有延伸通过容器中心的可旋转轴(例如单个轴)以及连接到轴的多个桨叶。桨叶和/或桨叶与轴之间的连接的至少一个、优选至少一些或全部是柔性的。
在一个实施方式中，桨叶和/或桨叶与轴之间的连接中的至少一个、优选至少一些或全部被构造为弹性弯曲和/或扭转至少20度，优选地至少30度。
在另一个实施方式中，桨叶中的至少一个、优选至少一些或全部与轴之间的连接具有小于1.5Nm/rad的扭转刚度，优选0.1至1.0Nm/rad的扭转刚度。
在其它实施方式中，搅拌器具有上面所讨论的特征中的一个或多个。
本发明还涉及一种用于分配多种液体、特别是涂料用着色剂的装置，其包括多个如上所述的容器。
在本发明的框架内，术语“液体”被定义为包含液相并因此包括悬浮液和乳液的任何可流动材料。着色剂通常含有悬浮在(不稳定的)液体粘合剂/溶剂溶液中的高密度颜料或颗粒。
附图说明
将参考附图进一步解释所公开的容器和搅拌器，其中示意性地示出了本发明的当前优选实施方式。可能已经省略了对于理解本发明不必要的细节。
图1是根据本发明的包括搅拌器的容器的透视图。
图2是图1所示搅拌器的正视图。
图3是图1所示搅拌器的俯视图。
具体实施方式
图1示出了用于存储液体的容器1的实例，所述液体诸如涂料用着色剂，还有染发剂、洗发剂、粉底等。其可用于包括多个(例如，十二个、十六个或二十个)这样的容器的装置中，用于分配多种配方和制剂，并且例如位于例如装饰性涂料的零售商处。
容器1配有或联结到计量泵和阀(未示出)。在例如欧洲专利申请EP 800 858、EP 1492 970、EP 1 688 652和EP 2 198 950中公开了关于合适的分配装置和用于驱动各种部件的流程的进一步的信息。
如图所示，本发明的容器1具有圆形横截面并且包括具有延伸穿过容器中心的可旋转轴3的搅拌器2。多个桨叶4经由相对薄的臂5连接到轴3，所述臂5以例如30度的倾斜并且以朝下的方向从轴延伸到每个桨叶的下边缘附近。臂5在轴和桨叶4之间提供了相当大的距离，并且使桨叶保持一定的角度，例如45度。在这个实例中，轴、臂和桨叶形成一个整体，并通过注塑热塑性聚合物(即聚甲醛(POM))制造。形状和材料的组合产生了0.6nm/rad的桨叶扭转刚度。桨叶允许弹性扭转45度的角度。
在俯视图中，桨叶的最外边缘是弯曲的，其半径比容器的内半径小0.5厘米。最下面的桨叶延伸到容器的底部，留出1mm的间隙。
在以如下条件进行的搅拌周期中：根据容器中的液体以及环境条件(诸如温度)，每天进行例如一次或多次，每周期持续3至20分钟的时间，并且搅拌器的旋转速度为20至40rpm，桨叶产生向上或向下的液体位移(取决于桨叶的方向和旋转的方向)，并且液体在轴和桨叶之间沿相反方向(分别为向下或向上)循环。最初，桨叶只会轻微弯曲，但当液体老化并且液体粘度升高时，桨叶会弯曲得更多，在极端情况下最终会变成几乎水平的位置。因此，搅拌器的效率随着粘度升高而降低，结果，搅拌器或驱动搅拌器的机构的故障风险降低和/或施加在着色剂上的剪切力减小，延长着色剂的“容器生命”。
当然，本发明不限于上述公开的实施方式，并且在权利要求的范围内可以多种方式变化。

Claims (15)

1.用于粘性液体、特别是涂料用着色剂的容器(1)，其包括具有可旋转轴(3)和连接到轴(3)的多个桨叶(4)的搅拌器(2)，其特征在于：桨叶(4)和/或桨叶(4)与轴(4)之间的连接(5)中的至少一个是柔性的。
2.根据权利要求1所述的容器(1)，其中桨叶(4)和/或桨叶(4)与轴(3)之间的连接(5)中的至少一个被构造为弹性弯曲和/扭转至少20度，优选至少30度。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的容器(1)，其中桨叶(4)中的至少一个与轴(3)之间的连接(5)具有小于1.5Nm/rad的扭转刚度，优选0.1至1.0Nm/rad的扭转刚度。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的容器(1)，其中以40rpm在粘度为40Pa·s的液体中旋转的搅拌器(2)所耗费的功率，与以40rpm在粘度为10Pa·s的液体中旋转的搅拌器(2)所耗费的功率相比，高出不到100％，优选不到50％，优选不到40％。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的容器(1)，其中桨叶(4)中的至少一些相对于轴(3)倾斜30至60度。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的容器(1)，其中桨叶(4)中的至少一些通过臂(5)连接到轴(3)。
7.根据权利要求6所述的容器(1)，其中臂(5)不对称地连接到桨叶(4)。
8.根据权利要求6或7或权利要求1的前序部分所述的容器(1)，其中轴(3)与桨叶(4)之间的连接(5)中的至少一个、优选一些或全部相对于垂直于轴(3)的平面倾斜延伸，优选在10至60度的范围内，更优选在15至50度的范围内。
9.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的容器(1)，其中搅拌器(2)由合成材料制成，优选热塑性聚合物。
10.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的容器(1)，包括沿着轴(3)的长度布置的一系列叶片(4)或叶片(4)组。
11.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的容器(1)，其中最下面的桨叶(4)或最下面的多个桨叶(4)延伸至容器(1)的底部。
12.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的容器(1)，其中容器(1)具有圆形横截面，为长条形的，具有小于100厘米的高度，具有小于45厘米的直径，和/或至少当其包含液体时垂直延伸。
13.用于粘性液体、特别是涂料用着色剂的搅拌器(2)，具有中心轴(3)和连接到轴(3)的多个桨叶(4)，其特征在于：桨叶(4)和/或桨叶(5)与轴(3)之间的连接(5)中的至少一个是柔性的。
14.根据权利要求13所述的搅拌器(2)，其中桨叶(4)和/或桨叶(4)与轴(3)之间的连接(5)中的至少一个被构造为弹性弯曲和/或扭转至少20度，优选至少30度。
15.根据权利要求13或14所述的搅拌器(2)，其中桨叶(4)中的至少一个与轴(3)之间的连接(5)具有小于1.5Nm/rad的扭转刚度，优选0.1至1.0Nm/rad的扭转刚度。
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