CN108202672B

CN108202672B - Ladder for passing persons over height differences for motor vehicles and/or trailers

Info

Publication number: CN108202672B
Application number: CN201711349334.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: A.布赖特林; D.平切夫斯基
Original assignee: Volkswagen AG
Current assignee: Volkswagen AG
Priority date: 2016-12-16
Filing date: 2017-12-15
Publication date: 2022-03-22
Anticipated expiration: 2037-12-15
Also published as: DE102016225256A1; CN108202672A

Abstract

A ladder (10) for passing persons over height differences for motor vehicles standing on the ground and/or for trailers standing on the ground, with at least one ladder face (11) which is arranged at least one carrier element (20,21), wherein the ladder (10) has at least one guide element (23,24) for guiding the at least one carrier element (20,21), and the at least one carrier element (20,21) and the at least one guide element (23,24) are arranged movably to and fro relative to one another and can be locked relative to one another in a plurality of positions.

Description

Ladder for passing persons over height differences for motor vehicles and/or trailers

Technical Field

The invention relates to a ladder (Tritt) for passing persons over a height difference for motor vehicles standing on the ground and/or for trailers standing on the ground, having at least one ladder surface which is arranged on at least one carrier element.

Background

Document WO 1991/14585 a1 describes a step ladder system (Trittstufensystem) which can be brought together and has two carrier elements between which a step ladder surface is arranged. The step ladder system is arranged on a pivotable lift gate (landbordwind) of a motor vehicle. The ladder step system can be flipped over each other when in use and folded together when not in use.

Document DE 202015105315U 1 refers to a ladder (Leiter) which can be accommodated in a lift gate of a motor vehicle. For use, the ladder can be pulled out of the lift gate and swung towards the ground. When not in use, the ladder is swung away from the ground and pushed into the lift gate again.

DE 102014200990 a1 discloses a ladder system which can also be pushed into the lift door of a motor vehicle when not in use and can be pushed out of the lift door and pivoted towards the ground when in use. The step ladder system that has been pushed into the lift gate has a step ladder (Trittstufe) that, in the pushed-in state, ends flush with the edge of the lift gate and is thus integrated into the lift gate in a barely perceptible manner.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention has the task of improving a ladder of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that at least one ladder face can be positioned at a variable distance above the ground.

The invention solves the stated object by means of a ladder for passing persons through a height difference for motor vehicles standing on the ground and/or for trailers standing on the ground, having at least one ladder face which is arranged on at least one carrier element, wherein the ladder has at least one guide element for guiding the at least one carrier element, and wherein the at least one carrier element and the at least one guide element are arranged so as to be movable to and fro relative to one another and can be locked relative to one another in a plurality of positions. The ladders can thus be pushed apart and together as required and locked in a determined position above the ground. Pushing away from each other and together may be done stepwise or steplessly. Thus, at least one tread, which may also be configured as a ladder rung (Trittsprosse), may be positioned at a variable spacing above the ground, so that the tread is used at a plurality of selectable spacings above the ground for crossing height differences. This is advantageous, for example, when persons of different heights want to use the ladder in order to arrive at a defined level of the motor vehicle or trailer from the ground. The ladder can then be adjusted to its different ergonomic requirements. Since at least one tread, which can also be designed as a rung of the ladder, can be positioned at a variable distance above the ground (Erdboden), the ladders can be pushed apart from one another to such an extent that they correspond to accident precautionary regulations (ufallverhutungsvorschrift). When not in use, the ladder can be pushed together in a space-saving manner. The at least one carrier element can be designed in the form of a rod.

The at least one carrier element and/or the at least one guide element can have a slotted guide or a slide, so that the at least one carrier element and the at least one guide element can be moved relative to one another. The slotted guide can be configured slot-like and the slide can be configured pin-like, wherein the pin-like slide engages into the slotted guide and can be moved back and forth therein. The end of the slotted guide can at the same time form a stop which limits the displacement movement.

In an alternative embodiment, the at least one carrier element and the at least one guide element are components of a pneumatic spring (Gasfeder). The at least one guide element is then preferably designed as a cylinder, in which the carrier element, which is also designed as a cylinder or as a piston, can be moved back and forth.

At least one guide element can be pivotably arranged on a mounting frame that can be fastened to a motor vehicle or a trailer. For this purpose, at least one guide element can be articulated at the assembly frame with a bearing pin.

If at least one tread is arranged pivotably at least one carrier element, the tread can then be opened for use at a distance selected in each case above the ground and closed in a space-saving manner when not in use.

In order to limit the pivoting movement when the at least one tread is folded open, a cross-member forming a stop for the at least one tread can be arranged at the end of the carrier element.

The tread can be pivotably arranged on the at least one carrier element by means of a pivot pin, wherein the pivot pin engages in a hole and/or a spherical cap (Kalotte) which can be arranged in the assembly frame. In this way it is ensured that the folded-open tread reliably maintains a spacing above the ground in this position in use.

In order to be able to lock the at least one tread surface when not in use, locking elements can be arranged at the at least one guide element and at the at least one tread surface. In a simple yet effective construction, a bearing pin can be engaged in an opening and/or a spherical crown provided in at least one tread, with which at least one guide element is articulated at the assembly frame.

In order to be able to arrange the ladder in a space-saving manner, the assembly frame can be arranged in a recess provided in the motor vehicle or the trailer.

The ladder can be attachable. The ladder can thus be used in novel vehicles and trailers as well as in already existing vehicles and trailers. In a preferred embodiment, the assembly frame can have an L-shaped contour. Such an L-shaped profile is suitable for installation for retrofitting not only in novel vehicles and trailers but also in already existing vehicles and trailers.

The step can be arranged particularly space-saving on the inside of the outwardly pivotable lift gate. However, it is also possible to mount the ladder at the outside of the motor vehicle or trailer. The ladder can be advantageously used, for example, in a flatbed vehicle (Pritschenfahrzeug), a motor home (Wohnmobil), a horse trailer (Pverdean ä nger) or a trailer for the agricultural sector.

Drawings

Embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail subsequently with reference to the figures.

In detail:

figure 1 shows a top view of the ladder pushed together towards the top with the ladder faces closed;

fig. 2 shows a perspective view of the ladder of fig. 1 in a state pushed away from each other towards a ladder face with the ladder faces flipped open;

FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view along line A-A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view along line B-B of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5a shows a perspective view of the steps in the pushed-together state fitted into the lift gate, directed towards the step face with the steps closed;

figure 5b shows a perspective view towards the pushed-together ladder of figure 5a with the ladder faces flipped open;

figure 5c shows a perspective view of the ladder of figure 5a pushed apart from each other, towards the ladder with the ladder faces flipped open;

FIG. 6 shows a sectional view through a first arrangement variant of the lift door and the assembly frame;

fig. 7 shows a sectional view through a second variant of the arrangement of the lift door and the assembly frame.

List of reference numerals

10 step ladder

11 step ladder surface

20 carrier element

21 carrier element

22 swinging pin

23 guide element

24 guide element

25 chute type guide part

26 chute type guide part

27 sliding block

28 slide block

29 support pin

30 wall parts

31 spacer sleeve

32 spherical crown-shaped piece

40 space sleeve

41 spacer sleeve

42 open pore

50 lifting type vehicle door

51 handle cavity

60 recess

61 wall part

62 wall part

200 assembly frame

201 cross beam.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 and 2 show a ladder 10 for passing persons over a height difference for a motor vehicle not shown in greater detail here and/or for a trailer also not shown here. The ladder 10 is provided with a tread 11 on which a person can step in order to overcome the difference in height. The tread 11 is pivotably mounted on the

carrier elements

20 and 21 by means of pivot pins 22 (see also fig. 4). The swinging pin 22 penetrates the

posts

20 and 21 and thus extends over the entire width of the tread 11. A spacer sleeve 40 is arranged between the carrier element 21 and the tread surface 11 and a spacer sleeve 41 is arranged between the carrier element 21 and the fixing frame 200. The

spacer sleeves

40 and 41 ensure substantially play-free centering of the

carrier elements

20 and 21 with the tread 11.

The

carrier elements

20 and 21 are arranged in the

guide elements

23 and 24 so as to be movable back and forth. The

carrier elements

20 and 21 can thereby be pushed into and out of the

guide elements

23 and 24. In this way the ladders 10 can be pushed away from each other and together.

The

guide elements

23 and 24 are provided with slot-like slotted guides 25 and 26 into which pin-

like sliders

27 and 28 engage and can thus be moved back and forth in the slotted guides 25 and 26. The ends of the slotted guides 25 and 26 form stops with which the movement paths of the

sliders

27 and 28 are limited.

The

guide elements

23 and 24 are pivotably articulated to the mounting frame 200 by means of a bearing pin 29 (see also fig. 3). The mounting frame is fixed at a wall 30 of the motor vehicle or trailer (see fig. 3). The wall 30 may be, for example, a swingable lift type door 50 (see fig. 5a to 5 c). A spacer sleeve 31 is fitted between the guide element 23 and the fitting frame 200 in order to avoid, at least to a large extent, a gap between the guide element 23 and the fitting frame 200.

At the lower ends of the

carrier elements

20 and 21, a cross member 201 is arranged, which is fastened to the

carrier elements

20 and 21 by means of pivot pins 22. The cross bar 201 forms a stop for the tread 11, which stop limits the pivoting movement of the tread 11 when it is folded open.

When the ladder 10 is not in use, the ladder surfaces 11 are closed and the ladder 10 is pushed together (see fig. 1 and 5 a). In order to be able to reliably maintain this position, the bearing pin 29 engages into a spherical crown 32 in the tread 11 (see fig. 3), whereby the tread 11 is locked in the closed position. The tread 11 has a handle recess 51 into which a person can insert at least one finger, for example, in order to turn the tread 11 outwards.

When the tread 11 has been folded open (see fig. 5b), then this tread is present in the first position of use at a first distance above the ground, not shown, so that a person can step onto the tread 11 with his feet in order to overcome the difference in height. In the first position of use, tread 11 rests on assembly frame 200, so that tread 11 is locked at this first distance above the ground. The opening 42 is located in the assembly frame 200, into which the pivot pin 22 engages. By means of this engagement, the folded-open tread 11 can be additionally locked in use, so that the

guide elements

23 and 24, which are mounted pivotably in the assembly frame 200, cannot be pivoted outwardly in an undesirable manner.

By pulling the tread 11 in fig. 5b to the right out of the fitting frame 200, the locking of the tread 11 in the fitting frame 200 is released and the ladders 10 are pushed away from each other. The tread 11 then occupies the second position of use at a second spacing above the ground (see fig. 5 c). If it is desired to start from the situation shown in fig. 5c and to return the ladder 10 back into the situation according to fig. 5a when not in use, the ladder 10 is first pushed together so that it assumes the situation corresponding to fig. 5 b. Finally, the tread 11 is closed and a space-saving state according to fig. 5a is obtained for the case of non-use.

The assembly frame 200 has an L-shaped profile. The mounting frame can thus be mounted in a recess 60 of the wall 61 (see fig. 6) or externally on the wall 62 (see fig. 7). In the case of the novel motor vehicle and trailer, the variant shown in fig. 6 is generally preferred. The variant shown in fig. 7 is particularly well suited when the ladder 10 is to be fitted with a frame 200 in an already standing motor vehicle or trailer.

Claims

1. A ladder (10) for passing persons over a height difference for motor vehicles standing on the ground and/or for trailers standing on the ground,

with at least one tread surface (11) arranged at least one carrier element (20,21),

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the ladder (10) has at least one guide element (23,24) for guiding the at least one carrier element (20,21),

wherein the at least one carrier element (20,21) and the at least one guide element (23,24) are movably arranged to and fro relative to one another and can be locked relative to one another in a plurality of positions,

so that the at least one tread (11) can be used to overcome height differences at a selectable plurality of distances above the ground,

wherein the at least one guide element (23,24) is pivotably arranged on a mounting frame (200) that can be fixed on the motor vehicle or on the trailer and is arranged in a recess (60) provided in the motor vehicle or in the trailer.

2. Ladder (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one carrier element (20,21) and/or the at least one guiding element (23,24) has a slotted guide (25,26) or a slider (27, 28).

3. Ladder (10) according to any one of the preceding claims 1-2, characterized in that the at least one ladder face (11) is swingably arranged at the at least one carrier element (20, 21).

4. Ladder (10) according to any one of the preceding claims 1-2, characterized in that the at least one ladder face (11) is swingably arranged at the at least one carrier element (20,21) with a swing pin (22) and in that an aperture and/or a spherical crown (42) for engagement of the swing pin (22) is provided in the fitting frame (200).

5. Ladder (10) according to any one of the preceding claims 1-2, characterized in that the at least one ladder face (11) is swingably arranged at the at least one carrier element (20,21) with a swing pin (22) and in that an aperture and/or a spherical crown (42) for engagement of the swing pin (22) is provided in the fitting frame (200).

6. Ladder (10) according to any of the preceding claims 1-2, characterized in that at the ends of the carrier elements (20,21) a cross beam (201) is arranged forming a stop for the at least one ladder face (11).

7. Ladder (10) according to any one of the preceding claims 1-2, characterized in that locking elements are placed at the at least one guide element (23,24) and at the at least one tread (11) in order to lock the at least one tread (11) when not in use.

8. Ladder (10) according to any of the preceding claims 1-2, characterized in that it is placed at the inner side of an outwardly swingable lift gate (50).

9. Ladder (10) according to any of the preceding claims 1-2, characterized in that the ladder is retro-fittable.