CN108202593B - Plug-in single-motor hybrid electric vehicle transmission - Google Patents
Plug-in single-motor hybrid electric vehicle transmission Download PDFInfo
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- CN108202593B CN108202593B CN201611173665.8A CN201611173665A CN108202593B CN 108202593 B CN108202593 B CN 108202593B CN 201611173665 A CN201611173665 A CN 201611173665A CN 108202593 B CN108202593 B CN 108202593B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
- B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
- B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/04—Smoothing ratio shift
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H2061/0015—Transmission control for optimising fuel consumptions
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a plug-in single-motor hybrid electric vehicle transmission, which comprises a flywheel shock absorber, an engine connecting clutch, a planetary gear set, a gear ring in the planetary gear set, a planet carrier, a sun gear and a planet row control clutch, wherein the flywheel shock absorber is connected with the engine; the motor is integrated with a starting function, a driving function and a power generation function, a motor shaft connected with the motor and a sun gear, a brake for controlling the gear ring to be fixed and rotated, a mechanical speed changing system for controlling gear change of a transmission, an input shaft connected with a planet carrier and the mechanical speed changing system, an output shaft connected with the mechanical speed changing system and a main speed reducer, a battery system and a power distribution and electronic control system are also included. The method is characterized in that: the structure of a single motor system, a power synthesis system and a mechanical speed change system is adopted, the engine and the motor work in the most economical speed range, stepless speed regulation is matched with the polar gear shift of the machinery during acceleration, the acceleration power is not interrupted, and the gear shift efficiency and the gear shift smoothness are extremely high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of automobile transmissions, and particularly relates to a hybrid power transmission of a new energy automobile.
Background
The transmission is the most important transmission part on an automobile power transmission system, the performance of the transmission directly determines the performance of the automobile, the transmission efficiency of the automobile, the fuel economy of the automobile and the gear shifting smoothness and comfort of the automobile. In the transmission structure with polar transmission, the multi-wheel axle structure of the Chinese patent ZL201520304746.1 is the structure with the least gears in the same gear, and the gear transmission efficiency of the 9-gear structure is higher than that of the 9-gear transmission with the front-mounted Mobil under the same gear processing precision, and the position of the gears and the formed transmission path are similar to a matrix due to the unique structural arrangement. In addition, according to the related policy of the country, the development direction of the future automobile will be mainly hybrid electric automobile and pure electric automobile, but the hybrid electric automobile will be the main direction of the development of the future automobile due to the problem of power battery. The plug-in hybrid electric vehicle is a hybrid electric vehicle in which an engine and a transmission which can drive the vehicle and provide energy for charging a power battery are added to a pure electric vehicle system. The hybrid electric vehicle is characterized by having the functions of motor driving, engine driving, hybrid driving and the like, so that a power system can be flexibly regulated and controlled according to the actual running condition requirement of the whole vehicle, and the engine can work in a section with the best comprehensive performance, thereby reducing the oil consumption and the tail gas emission of the vehicle. Therefore, transmission technology performance on hybrid vehicles is particularly important, and currently, more advanced and representative hybrid vehicle transmission technologies mainly include i-MMD in honda and ECVT in honda. The fuel consumption of the hybrid electric vehicle can be reduced by 20-30% compared with that of a common internal combustion engine vehicle. The domestic hybrid technology has a great gap compared with the domestic hybrid technology.
Although the technical inventions of the hybrid power transmission at home and abroad are many at present, the inventions also obtain obvious technical progress and economic effects, but the structure of the hybrid power transmission has the defects that the No. 2 motor needs to generate electricity to offset the electric power loss of the No. one motor for idle work when the ECVT of Toyota is in a cruising working condition; for example, in the i-MMD system of Honda, the engine is suitable for direct driving only during high-speed cruising, and other working conditions are that the engine is driven to generate electricity, so that the loss of mechanical energy to electric energy, the loss of battery charging, the loss of battery discharging and the loss of electric energy to mechanical energy are caused. And the ECVT of Toyota and the i-MMD of Honda both adopt fixed transmission ratios, and only the large speed regulation range of the motor is used for carrying out stepless transmission, so that the speed regulation range is limited, and meanwhile, the motor is difficult to ensure to work in the highest efficiency interval, thus having influence on the dynamic property and economy of the whole vehicle.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem, the invention provides a plug-in single-motor hybrid electric vehicle transmission, which is characterized in that: the structure of a single motor system, a power synthesis system and a mechanical speed change system is adopted, the engine and the motor work in the most economical speed range, stepless speed regulation is matched with the polar gear shift of the machinery during acceleration, the acceleration power is not interrupted, and the gear shift efficiency and the gear shift smoothness are extremely high. Due to the characteristics, the invention greatly reduces the oil consumption and the exhaust emission, is energy-saving and environment-friendly, and has extremely high economic and social benefits.
A plug-in type single-motor hybrid electric vehicle transmission comprises a flywheel shock absorber arranged between the transmission and an engine, an engine connecting clutch for controlling the engine to be connected with the transmission, a planetary gear set for synthesizing or decomposing output power flows of the engine and a motor, a gear ring in the planetary gear set, a planet carrier and a sun gear, and a planet row control clutch arranged between the gear ring and the planet carrier for controlling relative movement or fixing between the gear ring, the planet carrier and the sun gear; the motor is integrated with a starting function, a driving function and a power generation function, a motor shaft connected with the motor and a sun gear, a brake for controlling the gear ring to be fixed and rotated, a mechanical speed changing system for controlling gear change of a transmission, an input shaft connected with a planet carrier and the mechanical speed changing system, an output shaft connected with the mechanical speed changing system and a main speed reducer, a battery system and a power distribution and electronic control system are also included.
The invention relates to a plug-in type single-motor hybrid electric vehicle transmission, which is characterized in that:
the output end of the engine is connected with a gear ring in the planetary gear set through a flywheel damper and an engine connecting clutch; the motor integrating the starting function, the driving function and the power generation function is arranged at the rear end of the transmission and is connected with the sun gear in the planetary gear set through the motor shaft; the mechanical speed change system is connected with a planet carrier in the planetary gear set through an input shaft; the input shaft is a hollow shaft which is concentric with the motor shaft and is sleeved outside the motor shaft, and the input shaft and the motor shaft are respectively fixed on the transmission shell through rolling bearings; the engine connecting clutch arranged between the flywheel damper and the gear ring can control the power connection and disconnection between the engine and the speed changer; a planet row control clutch which controls the relative movement or fixation between the gear ring, the planet carrier and the sun gear is arranged between the gear ring and the planet carrier, and can control the gear ring, the planet carrier and the sun gear to be fixed into a whole or to run relatively; a brake is arranged between the gear ring and the transmission shell and can control the fixation and rotation of the gear ring; the mechanical speed-changing system is a speed-changing unit which enlarges the torque on the input shaft to 5-0.5 times and then transmits the torque to the output shaft, and can be a single output shaft or double output shaft AT structure, an AMT structure and a DCT structure with 2 to 6 gears, or a CVT structure with stepless speed change, preferably a 6-gear MAT (matrix hydraulic control automatic speed change) structure.
The plug-in type single-motor hybrid electric vehicle transmission is further characterized in that:
the plug-in type single-motor hybrid electric vehicle transmission is of a single-motor structure integrating a starting function, a driving function and a power generation function, and the vehicle has the functions of pure electric driving, engine driving, hybrid power driving, power generation when the vehicle is stationary, power generation when the vehicle runs, energy recovery and the like by controlling an engine, a motor and a mechanical speed change system; through the power synthesis effect of the planetary rows, the power from the engine can be transmitted to the gear ring through the flywheel shock absorber and the engine connecting clutch, the power from the motor is transmitted to the sun gear through the motor shaft, the two power flows are transmitted to the input shaft from the planet carrier after being synthesized through the planetary rows, and the power is transmitted to the output shaft through the mechanical speed change system for hybrid power output, so that the forward superposition of the output power of the engine and the output power of the motor is realized. When the automobile power battery needs energy charging of an engine, if the automobile is charged when the automobile is stationary, the control system fixes the planet carrier through the fixation of the output end, power from the engine drives the motor to generate electricity through the flywheel shock absorber, the engine connecting clutch, the gear ring, the planet carrier sun gear and the motor shaft to charge the automobile power battery, if the automobile is charged when running, the control system can control the rotating speed of the generator, and the control system controls the relative movement among the gear ring, the planet carrier and the sun gear or the fixed planet row control clutch to be combined, after the power from the engine is transmitted to the gear ring through the flywheel shock absorber and the engine connecting clutch, one part of the power is output through the planet carrier, the input shaft, the mechanical speed change system and the output shaft according to the requirement, and the other part of the power is driven by the sun gear and the motor shaft to generate electricity to charge the automobile power battery.
The plug-in type single-motor hybrid electric vehicle transmission is further characterized in that:
the invention relates to a gear shifting logic of a plug-in type single-motor hybrid electric vehicle transmission, which is characterized in that an existing gear-by-gear acceleration and gear-by-gear shift or gear-by-gear acceleration and gear-jump shift method is not adopted, but the gear shifting logic is adopted to directly and steplessly accelerate to a target vehicle speed, then the gear shifting logic is switched to a corresponding gear, an engine drives a gear ring at the maximum torque rotating speed (a motion mode) or the most economical rotating speed (an economic mode) through a vehicle control system, a motor drives a sun gear at a corresponding torque, the rotating speed of the motor is regulated to 0 from a corresponding reverse rotating speed to a corresponding positive rotating speed under the control of the control system, and then the two power flows are subjected to planetary gear synthesis, the superposed power is transmitted to an input shaft, a mechanical speed changing system and an output shaft by a planet carrier, the rotating speed of the planet carrier is accelerated to the corresponding rotating speed, the vehicle speed is realized within a speed interval of 0-120 km/h, stepless acceleration is carried out according to the requirement, and the vehicle has extremely high power performance and economic performance after the vehicle is switched to the corresponding gear position; the control system is used for controlling the gear change of the transmission, so that the engine and the motor of the automobile can work in the most economical and most efficient working range, the fuel efficiency and the endurance mileage of pure electric driving can be greatly improved, and the overall performance of the plug-in hybrid electric vehicle is improved. The problems of gear shifting power interruption and gear shifting impact are perfectly solved, and gear shifting smoothness is greatly improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a third embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and detailed description.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a plug-in single-motor hybrid vehicle transmission according to the present invention, wherein the first embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a 6-gear MAT automatic transmission structure scheme is adopted in a mechanical transmission system BSQ in the first embodiment of the plug-in single-motor hybrid vehicle transmission according to the present invention, as shown in the drawing, the plug-in single-motor hybrid vehicle transmission according to the present invention includes a flywheel damper J disposed between the transmission and the engine, an engine connection clutch K1 for controlling the connection of the engine and the transmission, a planetary gear set for adjusting the power flows of the engine and the motor, and a ring gear 1, a planet carrier 2, a sun gear 3 in the planetary gear set, a planetary gear control clutch K2 disposed between the ring gear 1 and the planet carrier 2 for controlling the relative movement or fixation between the ring gear 1, the planet carrier 2 and the sun gear 3, a motor D integrating a start function, a drive function and a power generation function, a motor shaft S1 for connecting the motor D and the sun gear 3, a brake ring gear 1 for controlling the fixation and rotation, a mechanical transmission gear BSQ for controlling the gear change of the gear, a mechanical transmission input and output shaft S and a mechanical transmission system S and a main power distribution system S, and a mechanical transmission system S2. The method is characterized in that: 1. the output end of the engine is connected with a gear ring 1 in the planetary gear set through a flywheel damper J and an engine connecting clutch K1; the motor D integrating the starting function, the driving function and the power generation function is arranged at the rear end of the transmission and is connected with the sun gear 3 in the planetary gear set through the motor shaft S1; the mechanical transmission BSQ is connected to the carrier 2 of the planetary gear set by the input shaft S2; the input shaft S2 is a hollow shaft which is concentric with the motor shaft S1 and is sleeved outside the motor shaft S1, and the input shaft S2 and the motor shaft S are respectively fixed on the transmission shell through rolling bearings; the engine connecting clutch K1 arranged between the flywheel damper J and the gear ring 1 can control the power connection and disconnection between the engine and the transmission; a planet row control clutch K2 for controlling the relative movement or fixing among the gear ring 1, the planet carrier and the sun gear is arranged between the gear ring 1 and the planet carrier 2, and can control the gear ring 1, the planet carrier 2 and the sun gear 3 to be fixed into a whole or to run relatively; a brake K1 is arranged between the gear ring 1 and the transmission housing, which can control the fixation and rotation of the gear ring 1; the mechanical transmission system BSQ is a transmission unit that expands the torque on the input shaft S2 to 5-0.5 times and then transmits the torque to the output shaft, and may be an AT structure, an AMT structure, a DCT structure, or a CVT structure with continuously variable transmission, in which a 6-gear MAT matrix type hydraulic control automatic transmission structure is adopted. 2. The plug-in type single-motor hybrid electric vehicle transmission is of a single-motor structure integrating a starting function, a driving function and a power generation function, and the vehicle is provided with the functions of pure electric motor driving, engine driving, hybrid power driving, power generation when the vehicle is stationary, power generation when the vehicle is running, energy recovery and the like through controlling an engine, a motor D and a mechanical speed change system BSQ; through the power synthesis effect of the planetary rows, the power from the engine can be transmitted to the gear ring 1 through the flywheel damper J and the engine connecting clutch K1, the power from the motor D is transmitted to the sun gear 3 through the motor shaft S1, the two power flows are transmitted to the input shaft S2 from the planet carrier 2 after being synthesized through the planetary rows, and the power is transmitted to the output shaft S through the mechanical speed change system BSQ for hybrid power output, so that the forward superposition of the output power of the engine and the output power of the motor is realized. When the automobile power battery needs energy charging of an engine, if the automobile is charged when stationary, the control system fixes the planet carrier 2 through the fixation of the output end, and power from the engine drives the motor D to generate electricity to charge the automobile power battery through the flywheel damper J, the engine connecting clutch K1, the gear ring 1, the planet carrier 2, the sun gear 3 and the motor shaft S1. If the automobile is charged during running, the rotating speed of the generator can be controlled through the control system, the planetary row control clutch K2 for controlling the relative movement or fixing among the gear ring 1, the planet carrier 2 and the sun gear 3 is combined, and after power from the engine is transmitted to the gear ring 1 through the flywheel damper J and the engine connecting clutch K1, one part of the power is output through the planet carrier 2, the input shaft S2, the mechanical speed changing system BSQ and the output shaft S as required, and the other part of the power is driven by the motor D through the sun gear 3 and the motor shaft S1 to generate power for charging the automobile power battery. 3. The gear shifting logic of the plug-in type single-motor hybrid electric vehicle transmission does not adopt the existing gear-by-gear acceleration gear-by-gear shifting or gear-by-gear acceleration gear-by-gear shifting method, but adopts the method of directly and steplessly accelerating to a target vehicle speed and then shifting to a corresponding gear, the vehicle control system can enable the engine to realize stepless acceleration of 0-100 km/h at the maximum torque rotating speed, so that the vehicle has extremely high power performance, and the control system can control the gear shift of the transmission to enable the engine and the motor of the vehicle to work in the most economical and most efficient working range, so that the fuel efficiency and the endurance mileage of pure electric drive can be greatly improved, and the integral performance of the plug-in type hybrid electric vehicle is improved. The problems of gear shifting power interruption and gear shifting impact are perfectly solved, and gear shifting smoothness is greatly improved.
The first input shaft clutch K3, the first intermediate shaft clutch K4 and the first output shaft clutch K5 in the mechanical speed changing system BSQ in the first embodiment of the plug-in single-motor hybrid electric vehicle transmission are all wet test hydraulic clutches preferentially, can be other types of clutches, and the second input shaft clutch K6 and the second intermediate shaft clutch K7 are one-way clutches with locking functions preferentially, and can be other types of clutches. The power transmission paths for each gear of the 6-gear MAT structure in the mechanical transmission BSQ are as follows:
a first gear: the input shaft second clutch K6 is combined with the intermediate shaft second clutch K7, other clutches are disconnected, and power is transmitted to the output shaft S from the input shaft, the input shaft second clutch K6, the input shaft second gear 5, the multi-wheel shaft second gear 7, the multi-wheel shaft DL, the multi-wheel shaft third gear 8, the intermediate shaft third gear 10, the intermediate shaft second clutch K7, the intermediate shaft Z, the intermediate shaft first gear 11 and the output shaft second gear 12.
Second gear: the first clutch K3 of the input shaft is combined with the second clutch K7 of the intermediate shaft, other clutches are disconnected, and power is transmitted to the output shaft S from the input shaft, the first clutch K3 of the input shaft, the first gear 4 of the input shaft, the first gear 6 of the multi-wheel shaft, the DL of the multi-wheel shaft, the third gear 8 of the multi-wheel shaft, the third gear 10 of the intermediate shaft, the second clutch K7 of the intermediate shaft, the intermediate shaft Z, the first gear 11 of the intermediate shaft and the second gear 12 of the output shaft.
Three gears: the input shaft second clutch K6 is combined with the intermediate shaft first clutch K4, other clutches are disconnected, and power is transmitted to the output shaft S from the input shaft, the input shaft second clutch K6, the input shaft second gear 5, the multi-wheel shaft second gear 7, the multi-wheel shaft DL, the multi-wheel shaft first gear 6, the intermediate shaft second gear 9, the intermediate shaft first clutch K4, the intermediate shaft Z, the intermediate shaft first gear 11 and the output shaft second gear 12.
Fourth gear: the input shaft first clutch K3 is combined with the intermediate shaft first clutch K4, other clutches are disconnected, and power is transmitted to the output shaft S by the input shaft, the input shaft first clutch K3, the input shaft first gear 4, the multi-wheel shaft first gear 6, the intermediate shaft second gear 9, the intermediate shaft first clutch K4, the intermediate shaft Z, the intermediate shaft first gear 11 and the output shaft second gear 12.
Five gears: the second clutch K6 of the input shaft is combined with the first clutch K5 of the output shaft, other clutches are disconnected, and power is transmitted to the output shaft S from the input shaft, the second clutch K6 of the input shaft, the second gear 5 of the input shaft, the second gear 7 of the multi-wheel shaft, the multi-wheel shaft DL, the first clutch K5 of the output shaft.
Six gears: the first clutch K3 of the input shaft is combined with the first clutch K5 of the output shaft, other clutches are disconnected, and power is transmitted to the output shaft S from the input shaft, the first clutch K3 of the input shaft, the first gear 4 of the input shaft, the first gear 6 of the multi-wheel shaft, the first gear DL of the multi-wheel shaft, the first clutch K5 of the output shaft.
The implementation control and power transmission paths of the functions of pure electric motor drive, engine drive, hybrid power drive, power generation when the automobile is stationary, power generation when the automobile is running, energy recovery and the like in the first embodiment of the plug-in single-motor hybrid electric vehicle transmission are as follows:
1. driving condition of pure motor: the driving working conditions of the pure motor are divided into a motion (mountain) mode and an economy (flat) mode, when the motion (mountain) mode is started (the vehicle speed is 0-30 km/h in the starting acceleration stage of the automobile), the brake B1 is combined, corresponding clutches in a first gear transmission path in the mechanical speed change system BSQ are combined, other clutches are disconnected, the motor D works, and as the brake B1 fixes the gear ring 1, the power is transmitted to the automobile driving wheel output through a differential mechanism by corresponding devices on a first gear power transmission path in the motor D, a motor shaft S1, a sun gear 3, a planet carrier 2, an input shaft S2, a mechanical speed change system BSQ, an output shaft S, a main speed reducer driving gear 13, a main speed reducer driven gear 14, so that the low-speed running or acceleration driving of the motor is realized. When the automobile continues to accelerate (the speed of the automobile is 30-115 km/h), the planetary gear control clutch K2 is combined, the brake B1 is separated, other power is unchanged, and the power is transmitted to the automobile driving wheel through the differential mechanism to realize the speed-up driving of the motor in medium speed gear by the motor D, the motor input shaft S, the sun gear 3, the planet carrier 2, the input shaft S1, corresponding devices on a first-gear power transmission path in the mechanical speed changing system BSQ, the output shaft S, the main speed reducer driving gear 13, the main speed reducer driven gear 14; when the automobile accelerates to the target speed, the control system adjusts the gear in the mechanical speed changing system BSQ from a first gear to a gear corresponding to the highest efficiency of the motor according to the driving parameters, and adjusts the rotating speed of the motor D to a corresponding rotating speed at the same time, so that the motor is driven at the highest efficiency rotating speed.
When the economy (flat ground) mode is started (the vehicle speed is 0-115 km/h in the starting acceleration stage of the automobile), the planetary gear control clutch K2 is combined, the corresponding clutch in a first gear transmission path in the mechanical speed changing system BSQ is combined, other clutches are disconnected, the motor D works, power is transmitted to the automobile driving wheel output through a differential mechanism by the corresponding device on a first gear power transmission path in the mechanical speed changing system BSQ, namely, the motor D, the motor shaft S1, the sun gear 3, the planet carrier 2, the input shaft S2, the output shaft S, the main speed reducer driving gear 13, the main speed reducer driven gear 14 and the motor D, so that the speed of the motor is accelerated; when the automobile accelerates to the target speed, the control system adjusts the gear in the mechanical speed changing system BSQ from a first gear to a gear corresponding to the highest efficiency of the motor according to the driving parameters, and adjusts the rotating speed of the motor D to a corresponding rotating speed at the same time, so that the motor is driven at the highest efficiency rotating speed.
2. Engine starting conditions: the engine of hybrid power starts the operating mode and has two kinds, and one kind is the stationary time of car and starts, and during this operating mode, engine coupling clutch K1, the corresponding clutch in the first gear transmission route in mechanical transmission system BSQ combines, and car braking system work, and other clutches are all disconnected, and under car braking system effect this moment, the planet carrier is fixed, and motor D reverse start drives sun gear 3 reverse rotation and makes the ring gear forward rotation through planet wheel and planet carrier 2, drives the engine forward start through engine coupling clutch K1 torsional vibration damper J.
The other starting working condition of the hybrid power engine is that the engine is started when the motor D is required to generate electricity or the vehicle speed enters a section suitable for the engine to work under the working condition that the motor D drives the automobile to run, and in the working condition, the engine can be started under the condition that the running of the automobile is not influenced by the torque of the motor D as long as the engine is combined with the connecting clutch K1 when the motor D works at any gear except the low gear of the motor.
3. Engine driving conditions: the first type of engine driving working conditions are that the automobile is driven at rest, the second type of engine driving working conditions are that the automobile is driven by a motor D to enter an engine economic working region and then is changed into engine driving, the first type of engine driving working conditions are that the automobile is driven by a motor D to enter an engine economic working region, the first type of engine driving working conditions are divided into a moving (mountain) mode and an economic (flat) mode, the engine is started under the static starting working conditions and then works at the maximum torque rotating speed, a braking system is separated, the motor D is converted into forward accelerating rotation from reverse decelerating rotation under the corresponding torque, the power from the engine is transmitted to a planet carrier 2 through a torsional damper J-an engine connecting clutch K1-a gear ring 1, the power from the motor D is also transmitted to the planet carrier through a motor shaft S1-a sun gear 3, and the two types of power are overlapped on the planet carrier 2 and then transmitted to an automobile driving wheel through an input shaft S2-a mechanical speed change system BSQ-an output shaft S-a main reducer driving gear 13-a main reducer driven gear 14-a differential; the automobile is continuously accelerated within the speed range of 0-100 km/h, after the automobile is accelerated to a certain speed, the automobile is not accelerated any more, after a certain time, the control system switches the gear of the mechanical speed changing system BSQ to the gear corresponding to the most economical rotating speed of the engine according to parameters such as the running speed, running resistance and the like of the automobile, meanwhile, the motor D is controlled to adjust the rotating speed and the torque, the torque of the engine is properly reduced, the gear shifting power is not interrupted, no bump and no impact are caused, and the automobile engine drives the automobile to run in the most economical rotating speed range with the corresponding torque after gear shifting.
When the engine is driven in the first economic (flat) mode, the engine operates at an economic speed after being started in a stationary starting condition, otherwise the engine is operated in the same mode as in the sport (mountain).
The second working condition of engine driving is that the motor D drives the automobile to enter an engine economic working interval and then to change the automobile into an engine driving working condition, the working condition is that the motor drives the automobile to accelerate to more than 40km/h, then the engine is started, the engine is driven by the engine to accelerate or uniformly drive, the motor D drives the automobile to accelerate to a certain speed by a medium speed gear, the engine connecting clutch K1 is combined, the torque of the motor D is increased, the engine is started under the condition that the running of the automobile is not influenced, then the stepless acceleration or uniform speed running is carried out according to the driving intention of a driver, the power is firstly transmitted to the sun wheel 3 by the motor D-motor shaft S1, at the moment, the planetary gear control clutch K2 fixes the ring gear of the sun wheel 3 into a whole because the automobile is driven by the medium speed gear of the motor, the sun gear 3 directly drives the planet carrier 2 to synchronously rotate, power is transmitted to the driving wheels of the automobile through a sun gear 3, the planet carrier 2, an input shaft S2, a mechanical speed change system BSQ, an output shaft S, a main speed reducer driving gear 13, a main speed reducer driven gear 14 and a differential mechanism, when the power needs to be converted into engine driving, the engine is connected with a clutch K1 and combined, meanwhile, the output torque of a motor D is adjusted to control the output torque and the rotating speed of the engine so as to ensure the smoothness of power switching, when the torque of the engine meets the driving torque requirement, the motor does not output power any more, at the moment, the power of the engine passes through a torsional vibration damper J, the engine is connected with a clutch K1, a gear ring 1, the planet carrier 2, the input shaft S2, the mechanical speed change system BSQ, the output shaft S, the main speed reducer driving gear 13, the main speed reducer driven gear 14 and the differential mechanism, and the engine is driven.
4. Hybrid driving conditions: when the automobile is driven by the engine, or the automobile is driven by the motor on an ascending slope or during rapid acceleration, the motor D can be involved at any time to drive the automobile with the engine by hybrid power, when the automobile is shifted under the working condition of the engine, the control system is used for controlling the rotating speed of the motor D to be consistent with the engine, then the planetary gear control clutch K2 is separated, the output rotating speed and the output torque of the motor D are regulated, stepless speed change of the hybrid power is realized, the rotating speeds of the engine and the motor D are different, work is done, and the sum of the power of the engine and the motor D is the output power. When the motor D driving automobile is in a uniform driving working condition and needs to be driven in a mixed mode, the motor D is only required to be changed into a power output state by the control system to output torque, the rotation speed of the motor is the same as that of the motor D in the process, work is simultaneously performed, the sum of the power of the motor D and the power of the motor D is the output power, and when the motor D driving automobile is in a uniform driving working condition and needs to be driven in a mixed mode, the torque of the motor D is correspondingly improved by the control system, and meanwhile, the clutch K1 is combined with the starting engine to be driven together to drive in a mixed mode.
5. Power generation working conditions: the plug-in hybrid electric vehicle is characterized in that the electric vehicle can be charged by an external charging facility when the electric quantity of a battery is insufficient, and the electric vehicle can drive a generator to generate electricity at any time by an engine when the external charging facility is not available. The power generation working conditions are two, namely the power generation working conditions are that the automobile generates power when the automobile is stationary, namely, after the engine is started when the automobile is stationary, the working condition of the motor D is immediately changed into the power generation working condition from the working condition of the starting motor, at the moment, the planet carrier is fixed by the braking system, the engine drives the gear ring 1 to rotate, and the sun wheel 3 drives the motor D to reversely rotate through the planet wheel to generate power; the other power generation working condition is that the automobile generates power in running, under the working condition of driving the engine, except for gear shifting, the control system can adjust the motor D into a power generation state at any time in any gear running, so that the engine drives the motor D to generate power while driving the automobile to run.
6. And (3) recovering braking energy: when the automobile is required to be braked and decelerated, the engine connecting clutch K1 is disconnected, the output system is only connected with the motor D, and meanwhile, the control system enables the motor D to enter a power generation state, so that decelerated energy is changed into electric energy and stored into an automobile battery, and the energy recovery function is realized.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a plug-in single-motor hybrid vehicle transmission according to the present invention, in which the position of a planetary row control clutch K2 is set between a ring gear 1 and a sun gear 3 on the basis of the first embodiment, and other similar to the first embodiment, since the planetary row control clutch K2 is set between the ring gear 1 and a carrier 2, or between the ring gear 1 and the sun gear 3, or between the carrier 2 and the sun gear 3, the second embodiment can perform the function of controlling the relative fixation or rotation between the ring gear 1, the carrier 2, and the sun gear 3, and thus the control and performance of the second embodiment are the same as the first embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of the plug-in single-motor hybrid vehicle transmission according to the present invention, which is different from the first embodiment in that a structural scheme of a dual-output-shaft AMT mechanical transmission system is adopted in the third embodiment, as shown in the drawing, a first output shaft SC1 and a second output shaft SC2 are rotatably disposed on a transmission housing through needle bearings, and an AMT structure with parallel shafts is disposed inside a mechanical transmission system BSQ, otherwise the same as the first embodiment. Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a fourth embodiment of the transmission for a plug-in single-motor hybrid vehicle according to the present invention, which differs from the first embodiment in that a mechanical transmission system of a rotary shaft AT is used in the fourth embodiment, and as shown, the mechanical transmission system BSQ has an AT structure of a rotary shaft inside, otherwise the same as the first embodiment. Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a fifth embodiment of a plug-in single-motor hybrid vehicle transmission according to the present invention, which differs from the first embodiment in that a structural scheme of a CVT continuously variable mechanical transmission system is adopted in the fifth embodiment, and as shown, the CVT structure of continuously variable transmission is arranged inside a mechanical transmission system BSQ, otherwise the same as the first embodiment.
The hybrid transmission scheme of the type of internal construction of many mechanical transmission systems BSQ for many gears can also be made in accordance with the principles of the present invention, and is not intended to be limiting.
The above embodiments and examples of variations are merely for illustrating the present invention, and not for limiting the invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and variations, modifications, additions or substitutions within the spirit and scope of the invention will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art.
Claims (7)
1. A plug-in type single-motor hybrid electric vehicle transmission comprises a flywheel shock absorber arranged between the transmission and an engine, an engine connecting clutch for controlling the engine to be connected with the transmission, a planetary gear set for synthesizing or decomposing output power flows of the engine and a motor, a gear ring, a planet carrier and a sun gear in the planetary gear set, and a planet row control clutch arranged between the gear ring and the planet carrier; the motor integrates a starting function, a driving function and a power generation function, a motor shaft connected with the motor and a sun gear, a brake for controlling the fixing and rotation of a gear ring, a mechanical speed changing system for changing gears of a transmission, an input shaft connected with a planet carrier and the mechanical speed changing system, an output shaft connected with the mechanical speed changing system and a main speed reducer, a battery system and a power distribution and electronic control system are also included; the plug-in type single-motor hybrid electric vehicle transmission is characterized in that: the output end of the engine is connected with a gear ring in the planetary gear set through a flywheel damper and an engine connecting clutch; the motor integrating the starting function, the driving function and the power generation function is arranged at the rear end of the transmission and is connected with the sun gear in the planetary gear set through the motor shaft; the mechanical speed change system is connected with a planet carrier in the planetary gear set through an input shaft; the input shaft is a hollow shaft which is concentric with the motor shaft and is sleeved outside the motor shaft, and the input shaft and the motor shaft are respectively fixed on the transmission shell through rolling bearings; the engine connecting clutch arranged between the flywheel damper and the gear ring can control the power connection and disconnection between the engine and the speed changer; a planet row control clutch is arranged between the gear ring and the planet carrier; a brake is arranged between the gear ring and the transmission shell, and the brake can control the fixation and rotation of the gear ring; the mechanical speed change system is a 6-gear MAT and comprises an input shaft, an input shaft first clutch, an input shaft second clutch, an input shaft first gear and an input shaft second gear; a multi-wheel axle, a multi-wheel axle first gear, a multi-wheel axle second gear, a multi-wheel axle third gear; a countershaft, a countershaft first clutch, a countershaft second clutch, a countershaft first gear, a countershaft second gear and a countershaft third gear; the device comprises an output shaft, an output shaft first gear, an output shaft second gear, a main reducer driven gear and an output shaft first clutch; the input shaft first gear is rotatably arranged on the input shaft, the input shaft first clutch arranged on the input shaft controls the fixation or rotation between the input shaft first gear and the input shaft, the input shaft second gear is rotatably arranged on the input shaft, and the input shaft second clutch arranged on the input shaft controls the fixation or rotation between the input shaft second gear and the input shaft; the multi-wheel axle is a hollow axle, the hollow sleeve is rotatably arranged on the output shaft, the multi-wheel axle is controlled to be fixed or rotated with the output shaft through a first clutch of the output shaft arranged on the output shaft, a first gear of the multi-wheel axle is fixedly arranged on the multi-wheel axle, a first gear of the multi-wheel axle is meshed with a first gear of the input shaft, a second gear of the multi-wheel axle is fixedly arranged on the multi-wheel axle, a second gear of the multi-wheel axle is meshed with a second gear of the input shaft, and a third gear of the multi-wheel axle is fixedly arranged on the multi-wheel axle; the intermediate shaft is arranged in parallel with the input shaft, the intermediate shaft first gear is fixedly arranged on the intermediate shaft, the intermediate shaft second gear is rotatably arranged on the intermediate shaft, the intermediate shaft second gear is controlled to be fixed or rotated with the intermediate shaft through an intermediate shaft first clutch arranged on the intermediate shaft, the intermediate shaft second gear is also meshed with the multi-wheel shaft first gear, the intermediate shaft third gear is rotatably arranged on the intermediate shaft, the intermediate shaft third gear is controlled to be fixed or rotated with the intermediate shaft through an intermediate shaft second clutch arranged on the intermediate shaft, and the intermediate shaft third gear is also meshed with the multi-wheel shaft third gear; the output shaft is parallel to the input shaft, the first gear of the output shaft is fixedly arranged on the output shaft, the first gear of the output shaft is a driving gear of the main speed reducer and meshed with a driven gear of the main speed reducer, and the second gear of the output shaft is fixedly arranged on the output shaft and meshed with the first gear of the intermediate shaft.
2. The plug-in single motor hybrid vehicle transmission of claim 1, wherein: when the plug-in single-motor hybrid electric vehicle transmission is in a first gear, the second clutch of the input shaft is combined with the second clutch of the intermediate shaft, other clutches are disconnected, and power is transmitted to the output shaft from the input shaft, the second clutch of the input shaft, the second gear of the multi-wheel axle, the third gear of the intermediate shaft, the second clutch of the intermediate shaft, the first gear of the intermediate shaft and the second gear of the output shaft.
3. The plug-in single motor hybrid vehicle transmission of claim 1, wherein: when the plug-in single-motor hybrid electric vehicle transmission is in second gear, the first clutch of the input shaft is combined with the second clutch of the intermediate shaft, other clutches are disconnected, and power is transmitted to the output shaft from the input shaft, the first clutch of the input shaft, the first gear of the multi-wheel axle, the third gear of the intermediate shaft, the second clutch of the intermediate shaft, the first gear of the intermediate shaft and the second gear of the output shaft.
4. The plug-in single motor hybrid vehicle transmission of claim 1, wherein: when the plug-in single-motor hybrid electric vehicle transmission is in three gears, the second clutch of the input shaft is combined with the first clutch of the intermediate shaft, other clutches are disconnected, and power is transmitted to the output shaft from the input shaft, the second clutch of the input shaft, the second gear of the multi-wheel axle, the first gear of the multi-wheel axle, the second gear of the intermediate shaft, the first clutch of the intermediate shaft, the first gear of the intermediate shaft and the second gear of the output shaft.
5. The plug-in single motor hybrid vehicle transmission of claim 1, wherein: when the plug-in single-motor hybrid electric vehicle transmission is in four gears, the first clutch of the input shaft is combined with the first clutch of the intermediate shaft, other clutches are disconnected, and power is transmitted to the output shaft from the input shaft, the first clutch of the input shaft, the first gear of the multi-wheel axle, the second gear of the intermediate shaft, the first clutch of the intermediate shaft, the first gear of the intermediate shaft and the second gear of the output shaft.
6. The plug-in single motor hybrid vehicle transmission of claim 1, wherein: when the plug-in single-motor hybrid electric vehicle transmission is in five gears, the second clutch of the input shaft is combined with the first clutch of the output shaft, other clutches are disconnected, and power is transmitted to the output shaft from the input shaft to the second clutch of the input shaft to the second gear of the multi-wheel axle to the first clutch of the output shaft.
7. The plug-in single motor hybrid vehicle transmission of claim 1, wherein: when the plug-in single-motor hybrid electric vehicle transmission is in six gears, the first clutch of the input shaft is combined with the first clutch of the output shaft, other clutches are disconnected, and power is transmitted to the output shaft from the input shaft to the first clutch of the input shaft to the first gear of the multi-wheel axle to the first clutch of the output shaft.
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| CN201611173665.8A CN108202593B (en) | 2016-12-19 | 2016-12-19 | Plug-in single-motor hybrid electric vehicle transmission |
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| CN201611173665.8A CN108202593B (en) | 2016-12-19 | 2016-12-19 | Plug-in single-motor hybrid electric vehicle transmission |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109017267B (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2023-08-18 | 吉林省晟林汽车传动科技有限公司 | Hybrid electric vehicle transmission |
| KR102588934B1 (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2023-10-16 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Powertrain for vehicle |
| CN111038245B (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2022-08-16 | 上汽通用汽车有限公司 | Hybrid continuously variable transmission system and vehicle |
| CN109236959A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-01-18 | 哈尔滨东安汽车发动机制造有限公司 | The mixed dynamic transmission power output system of one kind |
| CN110065379A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-07-30 | 汉腾汽车有限公司 | A kind of passenger car single motor deep hybrid power system |
| US11421585B2 (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2022-08-23 | Caterpillar Inc. | Variable speed drive for an accessory drive in a hybrid power system |
| CN110303862B (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2024-03-12 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | Stepless speed change transmission system with serial double-motor planetary power split |
| CN111102084B (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2023-10-27 | 襄阳康捷飞龙机械制造有限公司 | Engine and mechanical equipment and application |
| CN110722975A (en) * | 2019-10-12 | 2020-01-24 | 芜湖万里扬变速器有限公司 | Hybrid power transmission |
| CN112824180B (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2022-04-05 | 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 | Torque control method and controller of hybrid power driving device |
| CN111059243B (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2023-10-27 | 浙江吉利汽车研究院有限公司 | Hybrid power transmission and vehicle |
| CN111945803A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2020-11-17 | 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 | Shovel loader |
| CN113525063B (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2022-06-21 | 东风柳州汽车有限公司 | Hybrid drive device, automobile, control method, control device, and storage medium |
| CN113685527B (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2024-01-26 | 芜湖万里扬变速器有限公司 | Longitudinally-arranged stepless speed changer |
| CN114228473A (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-03-25 | 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 | Hybrid four-gear transmission, hybrid driving system and hybrid vehicle |
| CN114562559B (en) * | 2022-03-23 | 2024-04-26 | 广汽埃安新能源汽车有限公司 | Neutral gear control method and device of two-gear motor, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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