CN107323245B - 4DHT hybrid electric vehicle transmission - Google Patents
4DHT hybrid electric vehicle transmission Download PDFInfo
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- CN107323245B CN107323245B CN201710699043.7A CN201710699043A CN107323245B CN 107323245 B CN107323245 B CN 107323245B CN 201710699043 A CN201710699043 A CN 201710699043A CN 107323245 B CN107323245 B CN 107323245B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
- B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
- B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
- B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
- F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
- F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
- F16H3/085—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts with more than one output shaft
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
- F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
- F16H3/72—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
- F16H57/021—Shaft support structures, e.g. partition walls, bearing eyes, casing walls or covers with bearings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
- F16H57/023—Mounting or installation of gears or shafts in the gearboxes, e.g. methods or means for assembly
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
- F16H2057/02034—Gearboxes combined or connected with electric machines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
- F16H2057/02039—Gearboxes for particular applications
- F16H2057/02043—Gearboxes for particular applications for vehicle transmissions
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
- Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
Abstract
The 4DHT hybrid electric vehicle transmission comprises a flywheel shock absorber, an engine, a clutch, a planetary gear set responsible for power synthesis, a gear ring, a planet carrier and a sun gear in the planetary gear set, a planet row control clutch which is arranged between the gear ring and the planet carrier and controls the relative movement or fixing between the gear ring, the planet carrier and the sun gear, and a motor which integrates a starting function, a driving function and a power generation function; the motor comprises a motor shaft connected with a motor and a sun gear, a brake for controlling the fixation and rotation of a gear ring, an input shaft, a first output shaft clutch, a second output shaft clutch, a one-way clutch, a locking clutch, a differential and a motor integrating starting, driving and power generation functions. By controlling the engine, the motor and each torque control element, the automobile has the functions of pure electric driving, engine driving, hybrid power driving, power generation when the automobile is stationary, power generation when the automobile is running, energy recovery and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of automobile transmissions, and particularly relates to a hybrid power transmission of a new energy automobile.
Background
The transmission is the most important transmission part on an automobile power transmission system, the performance of the transmission directly determines the performance of the automobile, the transmission efficiency of the automobile, the fuel economy of the automobile and the gear shifting smoothness and comfort of the automobile. According to the related national policies, the development direction of future automobiles will be mainly hybrid electric automobiles and pure electric automobiles, but due to the problem of power batteries, hybrid electric automobiles will be the main direction of automobile development in the future. The current technology of the hybrid vehicle transmission, which is more advanced and representative, mainly comprises i-MMD and Toyota E-CVT of Honda. The fuel consumption of the hybrid electric vehicle can be reduced by 20-30% compared with that of a common internal combustion engine vehicle. The domestic hybrid technology has a great gap compared with the domestic hybrid technology.
Although the technical inventions of the hybrid power transmission at home and abroad are many at present, the inventions also obtain obvious technical progress and economic effects, but the structure of the hybrid power transmission still has the defects that the No. 2 motor needs to generate electricity to offset the electric power loss of the No. one motor for idle work when the ECVT of Toyota is in a cruising working condition; for example, in the i-MMD system of Honda, the engine is suitable for direct driving only during high-speed cruising, and other working conditions are that the engine is driven to generate electricity, so that the loss of mechanical energy to electric energy, the loss of battery charging, the loss of battery discharging and the loss of electric energy to mechanical energy are caused. And the ECVT of Toyota and the i-MMD of Honda both adopt fixed transmission ratios, and only the large speed regulation range of the motor is used for carrying out stepless transmission, so that the speed regulation range is limited, and meanwhile, the motor is difficult to ensure to work in the highest efficiency interval, thus having influence on the dynamic property and economy of the whole vehicle.
To solve the problem, the technical staff of our company invents a new 4DHT hybrid transmission structure.
Disclosure of Invention
A4 DHT hybrid electric vehicle transmission comprises a flywheel shock absorber arranged between the transmission and an engine, an engine connecting clutch for controlling the engine to be connected with the transmission, a planetary gear set for synthesizing or decomposing output power flows of the engine and a motor, a gear ring in the planetary gear set, a planet carrier and a sun gear, and a planet row control clutch arranged between the gear ring and the planet carrier for controlling relative movement or fixing between the gear ring and the planet carrier and between the planet carrier and the sun gear; the motor integrates a starting function, a driving function and a power generation function; a motor shaft connecting the motor and the sun gear; and a brake for controlling the fixation and rotation of the ring gear; the input shaft, and an input shaft first gear, an input shaft second gear and an input shaft third gear which are fixedly arranged on the input shaft; the device comprises a first output shaft, a first driving gear of a main speed reducer, a spline hub sleeve shaft, a first gear, a second gear, a claw clutch and a first clutch, wherein the first driving gear of the main speed reducer is fixedly arranged on the first output shaft; the second output shaft and a main speed reducer second driving gear fixedly arranged on the second output shaft, a second output shaft first gear and a second output shaft second gear rotatably arranged on the second output shaft through needle bearings, a third clutch for controlling the fixation or rotation between the second output shaft first gear and the second output shaft, and a one-way clutch and a locking clutch for controlling the fixation or rotation between the second output shaft second gear and the second output shaft; also included are driven gears of the final drive, a differential, and a battery system and a power distribution and electronic control system and a transmission control system. The 4DHT hybrid electric vehicle transmission is characterized in that: the output end of the engine is connected with a gear ring in the planetary gear set through a flywheel damper and an engine connecting clutch; the motor integrating the starting function, the driving function and the power generation function is arranged at the rear end of the transmission and is connected with the sun gear in the planetary gear set through the motor shaft; the first output shaft or the second output shaft is connected with a planet carrier in the planetary gear set through an input shaft; the input shaft is a hollow shaft which is concentric with the motor shaft and is sleeved outside the motor shaft, and the input shaft and the motor shaft are respectively fixed on the transmission shell through rolling bearings; the engine connecting clutch arranged between the flywheel damper and the gear ring can control the power connection and disconnection between the engine and the speed changer; a planet row control clutch which controls the relative movement or fixation between the gear ring, the planet carrier and the sun gear is arranged between the gear ring and the planet carrier, and can control the gear ring, the planet carrier and the sun gear to be fixed into a whole or to run relatively; a brake is arranged between the gear ring and the transmission shell and can control the fixation and rotation of the gear ring; the first gear of the input shaft is meshed with the first gear of the first output shaft and is meshed with the first gear of the second output shaft, the second gear of the input shaft is meshed with the second gear of the second output shaft, and the third gear of the input shaft is meshed with the second gear of the first output shaft. The 4DHT hybrid electric vehicle transmission is further characterized in that: the transmission of the 4DHT hybrid electric vehicle is of a single motor structure integrating a starting function, a driving function and a power generation function, and the vehicle is provided with the functions of pure electric driving, engine driving, hybrid electric driving, power generation when the vehicle is stationary, power generation when the vehicle runs, energy recovery and the like through controlling an engine, a motor and each torque control element.
The 4DHT hybrid electric vehicle transmission is further characterized in that:
the gear shifting logic of the transmission of the DHT hybrid electric vehicle does not adopt the existing gear-by-gear acceleration gear-by-gear shifting or gear-by-gear acceleration gear-jump shifting method, but adopts the method of directly and steplessly accelerating to a target vehicle speed, and then shifting to a corresponding gear, and through an automobile control system, an engine drives a gear ring at the maximum torque rotating speed (a motion mode) or the most economic rotating speed (an economic mode), a motor drives a sun gear to drive two power flows through the planetary gear row by corresponding torque, the superimposed power is transmitted to an input shaft, a first output shaft or a second output shaft and the output shaft by a planet carrier to carry out power output, the rotating speed of the planet carrier is accelerated to the corresponding rotating speed from 0, the stepless acceleration is carried out in a speed interval of 0-120 km/h according to the requirement, and after the vehicle is accelerated to the target vehicle speed, the gear is shifted to the corresponding gear, so that the automobile has extremely high power performance and economic performance; the control system is used for controlling the gear change of the transmission, so that the engine and the motor of the automobile can work in the most economical and most efficient working range, the fuel efficiency and the endurance mileage of pure electric driving can be greatly improved, and the overall performance of the plug-in hybrid electric vehicle is improved. The problems of gear shifting power interruption and gear shifting impact are perfectly solved, and gear shifting smoothness is greatly improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first gear power transmission path during engine driving conditions of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a two-speed power transmission path during engine driving conditions of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a three-speed power transmission path during engine driving conditions of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a four-speed power transmission path during engine driving conditions of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a reverse power transmission path during engine driving conditions of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a first gear power transmission path during motor drive conditions of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a two-speed power transmission path during motor drive conditions of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a three-gear power transmission path in the motor driving condition of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention further with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a transmission for a 4DHT hybrid vehicle according to the present invention, which includes a flywheel damper J provided between the transmission and an engine, an engine connection clutch K0 controlling the connection of the engine to the transmission, a planetary gear set X adjusting power flows of the engine and the motor, and a ring gear X1, a carrier X2, and a sun gear X3 in the planetary gear set X; a planet row control clutch K2 arranged between the gear ring X1 and the planet carrier X2 and used for controlling the relative movement or fixing among the gear ring X1, the planet carrier X2 and the sun gear X3; the motor D integrates a starting function, a driving function and a power generation function; a motor shaft S0 connecting the motor and the sun gear; and a brake B1 that controls the fixation and rotation of the ring gear X1; an input shaft S, and an input shaft first gear 1, an input shaft second gear 2 and an input shaft third gear 3 which are fixedly arranged on the input shaft S; a first output shaft S1, a main reducer first driving gear 10 fixedly arranged on the first output shaft S1, a spline hub sleeve shaft S3 rotatably arranged on the first output shaft S1 through a needle bearing, a first gear 11 rotatably arranged on the first output shaft on the spline hub sleeve shaft S3 and a second gear 12 on the first output shaft through a needle bearing, and a claw clutch Z1 for controlling the fixation or rotation between the first gear 11 on the first output shaft and the second gear 12 on the first output shaft and the spline hub sleeve shaft S3; a first output shaft clutch K1 for controlling the fixation or rotation between the spline hub sleeve shaft S3 and the first output shaft S1; a second output shaft S2, a final drive second drive gear 20 fixedly provided on the second output shaft S2, a second output shaft first gear 21 and a second output shaft second gear 22 rotatably provided on the second output shaft S2 through needle bearings, and a second output shaft clutch K3 controlling fixation or rotation between the second output shaft first gear 21 and the second output shaft S2; a one-way clutch C and a lockup clutch Z2 for controlling the fixation or rotation between the second output shaft second gear 22 and the second output shaft S2; the device also comprises a driven gear and a differential mechanism of the main speed reducer. The transmission of the 4DHT hybrid electric vehicle is of a single motor structure integrating a starting function, a driving function and a power generation function, and the vehicle is provided with the functions of pure electric motor driving, engine driving, hybrid electric driving, power generation when the vehicle is stationary, power generation when the vehicle is running, energy recovery and the like through controlling an engine, a motor D, a clutch and a brake; through the power synthesis effect of the planetary rows, the power from the engine can be transmitted to the gear ring X1 through the flywheel damper J and the engine connecting clutch K0, the power from the motor D is transmitted to the sun gear X3 through the motor shaft S0, the two power flows are transmitted to the input shaft S through the planetary rows after being synthesized through the planetary rows, and the power is transmitted to the wheels through the first output shaft S1 or the second output shaft S2 for hybrid power output, so that the forward superposition of the output power of the engine and the output power of the motor is realized. When the automobile power battery needs energy charging of an engine, if the automobile is charged when stationary, the control system fixes the planet carrier X2 through the fixation of the output end, and power from the engine drives the motor D to generate electricity to charge the automobile power battery through the flywheel damper J, the engine connecting clutch K0, the gear ring X1, the planet row control clutch K2, the planet carrier X2, the sun gear X3 and the motor shaft S0. If the automobile is charged during running, the planetary control clutch K2 for controlling the relative movement or fixing between the gear ring X1, the planet carrier X2 and the sun gear X3 is combined, the power from the engine is transmitted to the gear ring X1 and the planet carrier X2 of the planetary control clutch K2 through the flywheel shock absorber J and the engine connecting clutch K0, one part of the power is output through the input shaft S, the first output shaft S1 or the second output shaft S2 as required, and the other part of the power is driven by the motor D through the sun gear 3 and the motor shaft S0 to generate power so as to charge the automobile power battery. The gear shifting logic of the transmission of the 4DHT hybrid electric vehicle does not adopt the existing gear-by-gear acceleration gear-by-gear shifting or gear-by-gear acceleration gear-by-gear shifting method, but adopts the method of directly and steplessly accelerating to the target vehicle speed and then shifting to the corresponding gear, the stepless acceleration of the vehicle speed from 0km/h to 100km/h can be realized when the engine is at the maximum torque rotating speed through the vehicle control system, the vehicle has extremely high power performance, the engine and the motor of the vehicle can work in the most economical and most efficient working range by controlling the gear change of the transmission through the control system, the fuel efficiency and the endurance mileage of pure electric drive can be greatly improved, and the integral performance of the plug-in hybrid electric vehicle is improved. The problems of gear shifting power interruption and gear shifting impact are perfectly solved, and gear shifting smoothness is greatly improved.
The power transmission paths of each gear of the transmission of the 4DHT hybrid electric vehicle are as follows:
first gear when the engine is driven: referring to fig. 2, the engine connecting clutch K0 and the planetary gear train control clutch K2 are engaged, the lock-up clutch Z2 is engaged, and the other clutches are disengaged, at this time, the one-way clutch C is also operated due to the structural characteristics, and the power from the engine is transmitted to the vehicle driving wheels through the flywheel damper J, the engine connecting clutch K0, the ring gear x1, the planetary gear train control clutch K2, the carrier x2, the input shaft S, the input shaft second gear 2, the second output shaft second gear 22, the one-way clutch C, the second output shaft S2, the final drive second drive gear 20, the final drive driven gear 30, and the differential. The locking clutch Z2 is combined to ensure that the power reversely transmitted to the generator by the wheels is not interrupted by the disconnection of the one-way clutch C when the automobile needs to be braked.
Second gear when the engine is driven: referring to fig. 3, the engine connection clutch K0, the planetary gear train control clutch K2 and the first output shaft clutch K1 are combined, the dog clutch Z1 is combined with the first output shaft second gear 12, the other clutches are disconnected, and power from the engine is transmitted to the vehicle driving wheels through the flywheel damper J, the engine connection clutch K0, the ring gear X1, the planetary gear train control clutch K2, the planet carrier X2, the input shaft S, the input shaft third gear 3, the first output shaft second gear 12, the dog clutch Z1, the spline hub sleeve shaft S3, the first output shaft clutch K1, the first output shaft S1, the main reducer first driving gear 10, the main reducer driven gear 30, and the differential.
Three gears when the engine is driven: referring to fig. 4, the engine connection clutch K0, the planetary gear train control clutch K2 and the second output shaft clutch K3 are engaged, the other clutches are disengaged, and power from the engine is transmitted to the vehicle drive wheels through the flywheel damper j→the engine connection clutch k0→the ring gear X1→the planetary gear train control clutch k2→the carrier x2→the input shaft s→the input shaft first gear 1→the second output shaft first gear 21→the second output shaft clutch k3→the second output shaft s2→the second output shaft final drive gear 20→the final drive driven gear 30→the differential.
Four gear when the engine is driven: referring to fig. 5, the engine connection clutch K0, the planetary gear train control clutch K2 and the first output shaft clutch K1 are combined, the dog clutch Z1 is combined with the first output shaft first gear 11, the other clutches are disconnected, and power from the engine is transmitted to the vehicle driving wheels through the flywheel damper J, the engine connection clutch K0, the ring gear X1, the planetary gear train control clutch K2, the planet carrier X2, the input shaft S, the input shaft first gear 1, the first output shaft first gear 11, the dog clutch Z1, the spline hub sleeve shaft S3, the first output shaft clutch K1, the first output shaft S1, the main reducer first driving gear 10, the main reducer driven gear 30, and the differential.
Reverse gear: referring to fig. 6, the planetary row control clutch K2 is engaged, the lock-up clutch Z2 is engaged, and the other clutches are disengaged, at this time, since the planetary row is locked up as a whole, power from the motor is transmitted to the vehicle drive wheels through the motor shaft s0→the sun gear x3→ (ring gear x1→the planetary row control clutch k2→the carrier x2→the input shaft s→the input shaft second gear 2→the second output shaft second gear 22→the lock-up clutch z2→the second output shaft s2→the second output shaft final drive gear 20→the final drive driven gear 30→the differential.
First gear when the motor is driven: referring to fig. 7, the brake B1 is engaged, the lock-up clutch Z2 is engaged, and the other clutches are disengaged, at this time, the one-way clutch C is also operated due to the structural characteristics, and the power from the motor D is transmitted to the vehicle drive wheels through the motor shaft s0→the sun gear x3→the carrier x2→the input shaft s→the input shaft second gear 2→the second output shaft second gear 22→the one-way clutch c→the second output shaft s2→the second output shaft final drive gear 20→the final drive driven gear 30→the differential. The locking clutch Z2 is combined to ensure that the power reversely transmitted to the generator by the wheels is not interrupted by the disconnection of the one-way clutch C when the automobile needs to be braked.
Motor drive time two gear: referring to fig. 8, the planetary row control clutch K2 is engaged, the lock-up clutch Z2 is engaged, and the other clutches are disengaged, at this time, the one-way clutch C is also operated due to the structural characteristics, the planetary row is locked up as one body, and the power from the motor D is transmitted to the vehicle drive wheels through the motor shaft s0→the sun gear x3→ (the ring gear x1→the planetary row control clutch k2→the carrier x2→the input shaft s→the input shaft second gear 2→the second output shaft second gear 22→the one-way clutch c→the second output shaft s2→the final drive second drive gear 20→the final drive driven gear 30→the differential. The locking clutch Z2 is combined to ensure that the power reversely transmitted to the generator by the wheels is not interrupted by the disconnection of the one-way clutch C when the automobile needs to be braked.
Three gears when the motor is driven: referring to fig. 9, the planetary row control clutch K2 is engaged, the first output shaft clutch K1 is engaged, the dog clutch Z1 is engaged with the first output shaft second gear 12, and the other clutches are disengaged, at this time, since the planetary row is locked into one body, power from the motor D is transmitted to the vehicle drive wheels through the motor shaft s0→the sun gear x3→ (ring gear x1→the planetary row control clutch k2→the carrier x2→the input shaft s→the input shaft third gear 3→the first output shaft second gear 12→the dog clutch z1→the spline hub sleeve shaft s3→the first output shaft clutch k1→the first output shaft s1→the final drive first drive gear 10→the final drive driven gear 30→the differential.
The realization control and power transmission paths of the functions of pure electric drive, engine drive, hybrid power drive, power generation when the automobile is stationary, power generation when the automobile is running, energy recovery and the like in the transmission of the 4DHT hybrid electric automobile are as follows:
1. driving condition of pure motor: the driving working condition of the pure motor is divided into a motion (mountain) mode and an economy (flat) mode, when the motion (mountain) mode is started (the vehicle speed in the starting acceleration stage of the automobile is 0-30 km/h), the pure motor is firstly driven by one gear under the driving working condition of the motor, and when the automobile reaches a certain speed, the control system is switched to a corresponding gear according to driving data.
When the economy (flat ground) mode is started (the speed of the automobile is 0-115 km/h in the starting acceleration stage), the automobile is driven by a second gear under the driving working condition of the motor, and when the automobile reaches a certain speed, the control system cuts the gear according to the driving data.
2. Engine starting conditions: the engine starting working conditions are two, namely, the engine is started when the automobile is stationary, during the working conditions, the engine connecting clutch K0 is combined with the claw clutch Z2, the automobile braking system works, other clutches are all disconnected, at the moment, the planet carrier is fixed under the action of the automobile braking system, the motor D is reversely started to drive the sun wheel 3 to reversely rotate, the planetary gear and the planet carrier 2 enable the gear ring to positively rotate, and the engine is driven to positively start by the torsional vibration damper J of the engine connecting clutch K1.
The other starting working condition of the engine is that the engine is started when the motor D is required to generate electricity or the vehicle speed enters a section suitable for the engine to work under the working condition that the motor D drives the automobile to run, and the engine can be started under the condition that the running of the automobile is not influenced by the combination of the engine connecting clutch K1 as long as the torque of the motor D is increased when the motor D works in any gear except the low-speed gear of the motor under the working condition.
3. Engine driving conditions: the first type is that the automobile is stationary and starts to drive, the second type is that the motor D drives the automobile to enter an engine economic working area and then is changed into engine driving, when the first type is that the control system controls the automobile to drive with a first gear under the engine driving working condition, and when the automobile reaches a certain speed, the control system is switched to a corresponding gear according to driving data. In the second mode, after the motor D drives the automobile to accelerate to a certain speed at a medium speed, the torque of the motor D is increased, meanwhile, the engine connecting clutch K1 is combined, the engine is started under the condition that the running of the automobile is not affected, and then the motor is driven to accelerate or run at a constant speed according to the driving intention of a driver.
4. Hybrid driving conditions: when the engine drives the automobile to shift or to go up a slope and the motor is required to drive at the same time during rapid acceleration, the motor D can be involved at any time to drive the automobile with the engine together in a hybrid mode, when the automobile shifts under the working condition of the engine, the planetary gear control clutch K2 is firstly separated, the output rotating speed and the output torque of the motor D are simultaneously adjusted, stepless speed change of the hybrid power is realized, the rotating speeds of the engine and the motor D are different in the process, but do work, and the sum of the power of the engine and the motor D is the output power. When the engine drives the automobile to run at a constant speed and the mixed driving is needed, the control system only needs to change the motor D into a power output state to output torque, the rotation speed of the engine is the same as that of the motor D, work is simultaneously performed, and the sum of the power of the engine and the power of the motor D is the output power. When the motor D drives the automobile to drive at a constant speed and the working condition needs to be mixed, the control system only needs to correspondingly improve the torque of the motor and simultaneously drive the clutch K1 in combination with the starting engine to drive the automobile.
5. Power generation working conditions: the plug-in hybrid electric vehicle is characterized in that the electric vehicle can be charged by an external charging facility when the electric quantity of a battery is insufficient, and the electric vehicle can drive a generator to generate electricity at any time by an engine when the external charging facility is not available. The power generation working conditions are two, namely the power generation working conditions are that the automobile generates power when the automobile is stationary, namely, after the engine is started when the automobile is stationary, the working condition of the motor D is immediately changed into the power generation working condition from the starting motor working condition, at the moment, the planet carrier is fixed by the braking system, the engine drives the gear ring X1 to rotate, and the sun gear X3 drives the motor D to reversely rotate through the planet wheel to generate power; the other power generation working condition is that the automobile generates power in running, under the working condition of driving the engine, except for gear shifting, the control system can adjust the motor D into a power generation state at any time in any gear running, so that the engine drives the motor D to generate power while driving the automobile to run.
6. And (3) recovering braking energy: when the automobile is required to be braked and decelerated, the engine connecting clutch K0 is disconnected, the output system is only connected with the motor D, and meanwhile, the control system enables the motor D to enter a power generation state, so that decelerated energy is changed into electric energy and stored into an automobile battery, and the energy recovery function is realized.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention, not for limiting the present invention, and many hybrid transmission schemes of many gears can be made according to the structural principles of the present invention, and those skilled in the art should also make changes, modifications, additions or substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A 4DHT hybrid vehicle transmission, characterized by: the planetary gear set is used for combining or decomposing output power flows of the engine and the motor, and a gear ring, a planet carrier and a sun gear in the planetary gear set are arranged between the gear ring and the planet carrier to control relative movement or fixing of the gear ring, the planet carrier and the sun gear; the motor integrates a starting function, a driving function and a power generation function; a motor shaft connecting the motor and the sun gear; and a brake for controlling the fixation and rotation of the ring gear; the input shaft, and an input shaft first gear, an input shaft second gear and an input shaft third gear which are fixedly arranged on the input shaft; the device comprises a first output shaft, a first driving gear of a main speed reducer, a spline hub sleeve shaft, a first gear, a second gear, a claw clutch and a first clutch, wherein the first driving gear of the main speed reducer is fixedly arranged on the first output shaft; the second output shaft and a main speed reducer second driving gear fixedly arranged on the second output shaft, a second output shaft first gear and a second output shaft second gear rotatably arranged on the second output shaft through needle bearings, a third clutch for controlling the fixation or rotation between the second output shaft first gear and the second output shaft, and a one-way clutch and a locking clutch for controlling the fixation or rotation between the second output shaft second gear and the second output shaft; the device also comprises a driven gear of the main speed reducer, a differential, a battery system, a power distribution and electronic control system and a transmission control system;
the 4DHT hybrid electric vehicle transmission is of a single motor structure integrating a starting function, a driving function and a power generation function, and the vehicle is enabled to have the functions of pure electric driving, engine driving, hybrid electric driving, power generation when the vehicle is stationary, power generation when the vehicle runs and energy recovery through control of an engine, a motor and each torque control element.
2. The 4DHT hybrid vehicle transmission according to claim 1, wherein: the 4DHT hybrid electric vehicle transmission is internally provided with a planetary gear set which is responsible for synthesizing or decomposing power flows output by an engine and a motor, a gear ring, a planet carrier and a sun gear in the planetary gear set, and a planet row control clutch which is arranged between the gear ring and the planet carrier and is used for controlling relative movement or fixing between the gear ring and the planet carrier and the sun gear.
3. The 4DHT hybrid vehicle transmission according to claim 1, wherein: the output end of the engine is connected with a gear ring in the planetary gear set through a flywheel damper and an engine connecting clutch, the motor is connected with a sun gear in the planetary gear set, the input shaft is connected with a planet carrier in the planetary gear set, and a brake is arranged between the gear ring and the transmission shell.
4. The 4DHT hybrid vehicle transmission according to claim 1, wherein: the motor integrating the starting function, the driving function and the power generation function is arranged at the rear end of the speed changer, and a motor shaft is arranged between the motor and the sun gear; the input shaft of the speed changer and the motor shaft are concentrically sleeved outside the motor shaft, and an input shaft first gear, an input shaft second gear and an input shaft third gear are fixedly arranged on the input shaft.
5. The 4DHT hybrid vehicle transmission according to claim 1, wherein: the 4DHT hybrid electric vehicle transmission is provided with a first output shaft, a first driving gear of a main speed reducer, a spline hub sleeve shaft, a first gear and a second gear, wherein the first driving gear of the main speed reducer is fixedly arranged on the first output shaft, the spline hub sleeve shaft is rotatably arranged on the first output shaft through a needle bearing, the first gear and the second gear are rotatably arranged on the first output shaft on the spline hub sleeve shaft through the needle bearing, the claw clutch is used for controlling the first gear on the first output shaft or the second gear on the first output shaft to be fixed or rotated with the spline hub sleeve shaft, and the first clutch is used for controlling the spline hub sleeve shaft to be fixed or rotated with the first output shaft; the first gear on the first output shaft is meshed with the first gear of the input shaft, and the second gear on the first output shaft is meshed with the third gear of the input shaft.
6. The 4DHT hybrid vehicle transmission according to claim 1, wherein: the 4DHT hybrid electric vehicle transmission is provided with a second output shaft, a main reducer second driving gear fixedly arranged on the second output shaft, a second output shaft first gear and a second output shaft second gear rotatably arranged on the second output shaft through needle bearings, a third clutch for controlling the fixing or rotation between the second output shaft first gear and the second output shaft, and a one-way clutch and a locking clutch for controlling the fixing or rotation between the second output shaft second gear and the second output shaft; the second output shaft first gear is meshed with the input shaft first gear, and the second output shaft second gear is meshed with the input shaft second gear.
7. The 4DHT hybrid vehicle transmission according to claim 1, wherein: in the 4DHT hybrid electric vehicle transmission, a planet row control clutch which is arranged between a gear ring and a planet carrier and controls relative movement or fixing between the gear ring and a sun gear is arranged between the gear ring and the sun gear or between the planet carrier and the sun gear.
8. The 4DHT hybrid vehicle transmission according to claim 1 or claim 6, wherein: the locking clutch arranged on the second output shaft and used for controlling the second gear of the output shaft to be fixed or rotated with the output shaft in the 4DHT hybrid electric vehicle transmission is a claw clutch or a controllable one-way clutch.
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| CN110549836A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2019-12-10 | 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 | Hybrid power drive system |
| CN109017267B (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2023-08-18 | 吉林省晟林汽车传动科技有限公司 | Hybrid electric vehicle transmission |
| CN109203974A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2019-01-15 | 孙亚威 | A kind of hybrid power buncher |
| CN109334429B (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2023-09-12 | 吉林省晟林汽车传动科技有限公司 | Special speed changer for hybrid electric vehicle |
| CN109340361A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-02-15 | 吉林省晟林汽车传动科技有限公司 | L formula gear shifting structure |
| CN109334428B (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2023-09-12 | 吉林省晟林汽车传动科技有限公司 | Transmission special for hybrid electric vehicle |
| EP3670963A1 (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2020-06-24 | Ningbo Geely Automobile Research & Development Co. Ltd. | A transmission for a vehicle |
| CN112824180B (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2022-04-05 | 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 | Torque control method and controller of hybrid power driving device |
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