CN108195939A - Monofilament degree of orientation measuring device and measuring method based on cross zero detecting method - Google Patents
Monofilament degree of orientation measuring device and measuring method based on cross zero detecting method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of monofilament degree of orientation measuring devices and measuring method based on cross zero detecting method, measuring device is made of voice signal transmission device and electric signal process unit, voice signal transmission device includes counterweight, ultrasonic sensor, conductive metal, geometrical clamp, ultrasonic sensor stent, scale pedestal, sample fixing bracket, electric signal process unit includes power supply, power supply changeover device, level of drive generator, level of drive processor, signal processor, signal picker, data processor, display；Measuring method measures the monofilament degree of orientation using cross zero detecting method, avoids signal reflex uncertainty caused by measurement in conventional method, improves the accuracy and stability of measurement；The measurement of the degree of orientation to any Filamentous high molecular polymer can be achieved in the present invention, using the measuring method of non-demolition formula, realizes the non-destructive testing of the monofilament degree of orientation, reduces sample consumption, reduces measurement cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to measure control field, and in particular to a kind of monofilament degree of orientation measuring device based on cross zero detecting method
And measuring method.
Background technology
Monofilament is to be widely used in production of chemical fibre with the smaller one filament of number obtained by single hole spinning head
In production and living.The degree of orientation refers to that high molecular material is acted in processing and manufacturing by external force, and macromolecular chain can be along active force
Direction carries out ordered arrangement to a certain degree, and the neat degree of arrangement is referred to as the degree of orientation.The high molecular material degree of orientation is different, table
Reveal that each side such as intensity, hardness surface properties come are different, therefore to the measurement of the degree of orientation with regard to necessary.
Measuring macromolecular orientation degree at present mainly has optical birefringence method, infrared dichroism method, X-ray diffraction method, sound
Fast method.The wherein main Application Optics principle of Birefringence Method, but transparent high molecular material can only be measured, application range is small.It is infrared
Dichroism method is applied to the high molecular material of non-crystalline type and crystal type, but needs to carry out sample slicing treatment, damage during detection
Bad sample, making are more troublesome, and the detection cycle time is long.X-ray diffraction method measurement result may be only used for comparing, and do qualitative
It measures, and required expensive equipment, is not suitable for commercial Application.Sound velocity method is commonly used in the high material of the degree of orientation, such as film,
Silk etc..Have the advantages that realize that non-destructive testing, penetration power are strong.The method principle is simple, easy for installation, relatively low using instrument cost,
But what is reflected is the average value of the material degree of orientation.
Invention content
The present invention is of the existing technology to overcome the problems, such as, provides a kind of monofilament degree of orientation based on cross zero detecting method and surveys
Measure device and measuring method.
The monofilament degree of orientation measuring device based on cross zero detecting method, specific technical solution are as follows：
Monofilament degree of orientation measuring device based on cross zero detecting method, by voice signal transmission device and electric signal process unit
Composition, which is characterized in that the structure of voice signal transmission device includes that one horizontally disposed, axial zone is graduated rod-shaped
Scale pedestal, scale pedestal both ends are installed with vertical rod-shaped sample fixing bracket, each sample fixing bracket top
There are one geometrical clamp, there are two vertical ultrasonic sensor stents between two sample fixing brackets at both ends, and two super
Sonic sensor stent is movably arranged on scale pedestal, and two ultrasonic sensor stents can be along the axis of scale pedestal
To slip, the structure of two ultrasonic sensor stents is identical, is the rod-shaped scaffold that top carries ultrasonic sensor, each
Ultrasonic sensor is uprightly fixed on ultrasonic sensor stent, when measurement monofilament sample to be measured directly and ultrasonic wave biography
Sensor surfaces keep contact, and the both ends of monofilament sample tie down the sample for being fixed on both ends after two identical counterweights of weight through geometrical clamp
On product fixing bracket, wherein being fixed with the ultrasonic sensor stent of the transmitting terminal ultrasonic sensor of sending function as transmission
Ultrasonic sensor stent is held, another is fixed with the ultrasonic sensor stent of the receiving terminal ultrasonic sensor of receive capabilities
As receiving terminal ultrasonic sensor stent；
Electric signal process unit includes power supply, power supply changeover device, signal processor, signal picker, data processor, shows
Show device, level of drive generator and level of drive processor；Transmitting terminal ultrasonic wave on transmitting terminal ultrasonic sensor stent passes
Sensor is connect with level of drive processor, at the receiving terminal ultrasonic sensor on receiving terminal ultrasonic sensor stent and signal
Device connection is managed, signal processor is connect by signal picker and data processor with display, signal processor, signal acquisition
Device, data processor, display, level of drive generator, level of drive processor are connected respectively by power supply changeover device and power supply
It connects.
Further technical solution includes：
The geometrical clamp on sample fixing bracket top is made of the thin pad of two noise reductions and a metal clip, and the thin pad of two noise reductions is logical
It crosses metal clip with sample fixing bracket top to be connected, monofilament sample is clamped to by metal clip between two thin pads of noise reduction.
Ultrasonic sensor stent is by vertical rod-shaped stent, the movable pedestal positioned at frame bottom and silencing pad structure
Into installing silencing pad between the bottom of stent and movable pedestal upper surface.
Ultrasonic sensor is pasted together using ultrasonic sensor glue and ultrasonic sensor cantilever tip.
The monofilament degree of orientation measuring method based on cross zero detecting method, is as follows：
Step 1: it is taken by after the identical counterweight of weight on monofilament sample both ends bolt to be measured, then by monofilament sample to be measured
On transmitting terminal ultrasonic sensor and on receiving terminal ultrasonic sensor, finally with the metal on the sample fixing bracket at both ends
Folder and the thin pad of noise reduction fix monofilament sample, and monofilament sample to be measured is made to keep nature straight configuration, opens Electric signal processing dress
The power supply put；
Step 2: transmitting terminal ultrasonic sensor stent is fixed, receiving terminal ultrasonic sensor stent is moved to position
It puts at 1, position 1 is selected in transmitting terminal ultrasonic sensor stent and the sample apart from transmitting terminal ultrasonic sensor stent farther out
Between fixing bracket, level of drive generator generation pulsewidth is made to be 12us, the pulse that amplitude is 3.3V, at the level of drive
The pulse that pulsewidth is 12us, the pulse that amplitude is 5V and pulsewidth are 12us, amplitude is -5V is generated, then respectively will after managing device
The two pulses that level of drive processor generates are exported to transmitting terminal ultrasonic sensor, transmitting terminal ultrasonic sensor
Generation vibration signal is propagated in monofilament sample after receiving pulse；Vibration signal is propagated through monofilament sample, by receiving terminal ultrasound
Wave sensor, which receives and vibration signal is converted to electric signal, is input to signal processor, the telecommunications that signal processor will receive
Number be filtered and amplify, treated electric signal is denoted as electric signal A, electric signal A through signal picker using 500ns between sampling
It is input to after T is acquired in data processor and is stored as array s [N], N is array length, is denoted as signal group 1；
Step 3: the data to collected signal group 1 carry out zero passage detection：
Since signal starts to have some interference, and the amplitude of signal wave crest is both greater than 2V, the amplitude of trough is both less than
1V, so filter out the interference searched in signal wave crest, trough first, i.e., if signal amplitude is more than 2V or less than 1V,
Directly give up to fall, be not used in and carry out next comparison；First look for first wave crest, s [n] represent in array s [N] n-th+
1 element, n=1,2,3,4 ... ... N-1；
It is started a query at from n=1 up to detecting first wave crest, if s [n] is not less than the value at left and right sides of it, i.e. s
[n] >=s [n-1] and s [n] >=s [n+1], then the corresponding values of n+1 are first wave crest corresponding time point, find first
After a wave crest corresponding time point, inquired backward since m=n+1, if s [m] bigger than the amplitude 1.5V of zero, and s [m+
1] if smaller than the amplitude 1.5V of zero, i.e. s [m]>1.5V and s [m+1]<1.5V, just with m, s [m], m+1, s [m+1] structure
Binary linear function, if the slope of binary linear function is k1, k1=s [m+1]-s [m]；If the intercept of binary linear function is
b1, b1=(m+2) * s [m]-(m+1) * s [m+1]；If corresponding signal acquisition sequence number at the zero of 1 zero-crossing examination of signal group
For a1, then a1=(1.5-b1)/k1；Thus corresponding signal at the zero of 1 zero-crossing examination of signal group can be calculated to adopt
Collect sequence number a1；
Step 4: receiving terminal ultrasonic sensor stent is moved at position 2, position 2 is selected in position 1 and apart from hair
Between the sample fixing bracket of sending end ultrasonic sensor stent farther out, level of drive generator is made to generate pulsewidth as 12us, width
Be worth the pulse for 3.3V, into level of drive processor after generate pulsewidth be 12us, the pulse that amplitude is 5V and pulsewidth are
12us, amplitude are the pulse of -5V, then export the two pulses that level of drive processor generates to transmitting terminal surpass respectively
On sonic sensor, generation vibration signal is propagated in monofilament sample after transmitting terminal ultrasonic sensor receives pulse；Vibration
Signal is propagated through monofilament sample, is received by receiving terminal ultrasonic sensor and vibration signal is converted to electric signal and be input to signal
The electric signal received is filtered and amplified by processor, signal processor, and treated, and electric signal is denoted as electric signal B, electricity
Signal B is input in data processor after signal picker is acquired using 500ns as sampling interval T and is stored as array p
[J], J are array length, are denoted as signal group 2；
Step 5: the data to collected signal group 2 carry out zero passage detection：
Since signal starts to have some interference, and the amplitude of signal wave crest is both greater than 2V, the amplitude of trough is both less than
1V, so filter out the interference searched in signal wave crest, trough first, i.e., if signal amplitude is more than 2V or less than 1V,
Directly give up to fall, be not used in and carry out next comparison；First look for first wave crest, p [j] represent jth in array p [J]+
1 element, j=1,2,3,4 ... ... J-1；
It is started a query at from j=1 up to detecting first wave crest, if p [j] is not less than the value at left and right sides of it, i.e. p
[j] >=p [j-1] and p [j] >=p [j+1], then the corresponding values of j+1 are first wave crest corresponding time point, find first
After a wave crest corresponding time point, inquired backward since q=j+1, if p [q] bigger than the amplitude 1.5V of zero, and p [q+
1] if smaller than the amplitude 1.5V of zero, i.e. p [q]>1.5V and p [q+1]<1.5V, just with q, p [q], q+1, p [q+1] structure
Binary linear function, if the slope of binary linear function is k2, k2=p [q+1]-p [q]；If the intercept of binary linear function is
b2, b2=(q+2) * p [q]-(q+1) * p [q+1]；If corresponding signal acquisition sequence number at the zero of 2 zero-crossing examination of signal group
For a2, then a2=(1.5-b2)/k2；Thus corresponding signal at the zero of 2 zero-crossing examination of signal group can be calculated to adopt
Collect sequence number a2；
Step 6: propagate to the delay time △ of position 2 from position 1 in monofilament sample by formula (1) calculating ultrasonic wave
T, T is signal picker sampling interval 500ns in formula；
Remember the data of monofilament sample collected signal group 1 at the position 1 are carried out it is at the zero of zero-crossing examination and right
The data of monofilament sample collected signal group 2 at the position 2 carry out the signal acquisition sequence between the zero of zero-crossing examination
Row number difference is a, a=a2-a1；
△ t=a*T (1)
Acoustic speed of propagation C of the vibration signal in monofilament sample is calculated according to formula (2)x, in formula s be position 1 with position 2 away from
From distance s can be obtained directly by position 1 and scale of the position 2 on scale pedestal：
Step 7: the degree of orientation F of monofilament sample to be measured is calculated according to formula (3)：
C in formulauAcoustic velocity value when being monofilament sample No yield point, the C of same materialuIt is fixed constant；
It is shown Step 8: the degree of orientation F being calculated in step 7 is input to display by data processor.
The present invention is in order to avoid reflection signal of the sound wave in monofilament and pending signal waveform using cross zero detecting method
The influence caused by measurement result is overlapped, there is delay using propagation of the sound wave in monofilament, it can be only to signal waveform
In forward signal handled (i.e. not by the signal of reflections affect).Since signal picker can only be acquired more than or equal to 0V
Signal, therefore signal integral raising 1.5V before acquisition, so zero here is not real 0, but amplitude
For the corresponding points of 1.5V.Specific processing method is to look for 2 points at left and right sides of the zero after first wave crest, then uses again
This 2 points fitting binary linear functions, corresponding time point at zero can be acquired by finally bringing the amplitude at zero into function.
Influence of the reflection to measurement result of sound wave is avoided, the stability of measurement is improved, reduces error.
Compared with prior art the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1. the present invention is based on sound velocity methods to measure the monofilament degree of orientation, since sound velocity method measurement degree of orientation principle is simple, operation side
Just, it is highly practical, therefore can be widely applied in industrial production and laboratory research.
2. voice signal transmission device is as shown in Figure 1, transmitting terminal ultrasonic sensor stent and receiving terminal supersonic sensing
Silencing pad and monofilament sample and the thin pad of noise reduction of both ends geometrical clamp contact position between the pedestal and stent of device stent use
Quieter material can absorb vibration signal, to ensure that vibration signal is only capable of propagating from monofilament sample, so as to effectively improve
The measurement accuracy of the monofilament degree of orientation.
3. this method sampling interval is set as 500ns, measurement accuracy is higher, reduce measurement error, and reduce measurement into
This.
4. the present invention measures the monofilament degree of orientation using cross zero detecting method, avoid signal reflex in conventional method and measurement is made
Into uncertainty, improve the accuracy and stability of measurement.
5. the present invention uses ultrasonic sensor, compared with traditional sonic sensor, it is not easy to be interfered by external sound,
The accuracy of measurement is improved, reduces error.
6. the measuring method of non-demolition formula realizes the non-destructive testing of the monofilament degree of orientation, avoid and monofilament sample is broken
Bad property measures, and reduces sample consumption, reduces measurement cost.
7. the method for the present invention is suitable for measuring the degree of orientation of any Filamentous high molecular polymer.
Description of the drawings
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is that the voice signal in the monofilament degree of orientation measuring device of the present invention based on cross zero detecting method propagates dress
Put structure diagram；
Fig. 2 is that the voice signal in the monofilament degree of orientation measuring device of the present invention based on cross zero detecting method propagates dress
The structure diagram of geometrical clamp in putting；
Fig. 3 is that the voice signal in the monofilament degree of orientation measuring device of the present invention based on cross zero detecting method propagates dress
The structure diagram of ultrasonic sensor stent in putting；
Fig. 4 is the electric signal process unit in the monofilament degree of orientation measuring device of the present invention based on cross zero detecting method
Structure diagram；
Fig. 5 is the monofilament degree of orientation measuring method flow chart of the present invention based on zero crossing detection；
In figure：1. counterweight, 2. transmitting terminal ultrasonic sensors, 3. monofilament samples, 4. receiving terminal ultrasonic sensors, 5. is solid
Clamp, 6. ultrasonic sensor stents, 7. scale pedestals, 8. sample fixing brackets, the thin pad of 9. noise reductions, 10. metal clips, 11.
Frame, 12. movable pedestals, 13. silencing pads.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is explained in detail with a specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
Embodiment：
Monofilament degree of orientation measuring device based on cross zero detecting method, by voice signal transmission device and electric signal process unit
Composition, the structure of voice signal transmission device include a horizontally disposed, graduated rod-shaped scale pedestal 7 of axial zone,
Meter full scale is 0-1m, and 7 both ends of scale pedestal are installed with vertical rod-shaped sample fixing bracket 8, and each sample is fixed
There are one geometrical clamp 5, geometrical clamp 5 is made of the thin pad 9 of two noise reductions and a metal clip 10 on stent 8 top.Two of both ends
There are two vertical ultrasonic sensor stent 6, two ultrasonic sensor stents 6 activity peaces between sample fixing bracket 8
On scale pedestal 7, and two ultrasonic sensor stents 6 can sliding axially along scale pedestal 7, two ultrasonic waves pass
The structure of sensor bracket 6 is identical, is the rod-shaped scaffold that top carries ultrasonic sensor, ultrasonic sensor stent 6 is by erecting
Straight rod-shaped stent 11, the movable pedestal 12 positioned at 11 bottom of stent and silencing pad 13 is formed, the bottom of stent 11 with can
Mobile base is equipped with silencing pad 13 between 12 upper surface, wherein select sound-absorbing sponge as the thin pad 9 of noise reduction in geometrical clamp 5 and
The material of silencing pad 13 in ultrasonic sensor stent 6.During measurement monofilament sample 3 to be measured directly with ultrasonic sensor table
Face keeps contact, and the both ends of monofilament sample 3 tie down the sample for being fixed on both ends after two identical counterweights of weight 1 through metal clip 10
On fixing bracket 8, one of them ultrasonic sensor stent 6 equipped with transmitting terminal ultrasonic sensor 2 is as transmitting terminal ultrasound
Wave sensor stent, then another ultrasonic sensor stent 6 equipped with receiving terminal ultrasonic sensor 4 is as receiving terminal ultrasound
The sample fixing bracket 8 at both ends is fixed on scale pedestal at 10cm and 90cm by wave sensor stent, and transmitting terminal ultrasonic wave passes
Sensor bracket is fixed at 30cm, and receiving terminal ultrasonic sensor stent is fixed at 50cm.
Electric signal process unit includes power supply, power supply changeover device, signal processor, signal picker, data processor, shows
Showing device, level of drive generator and level of drive processor, transmitting terminal ultrasonic sensor 2 is connect with level of drive processor,
Receiving terminal ultrasonic sensor 4 is connect with signal processor, and signal processor is by signal picker and data processor with showing
Show that device connects, signal processor, signal picker, data processor, display, level of drive generator, level of drive processing
Device is connect respectively by power supply changeover device with power supply.Each section circuit is integrated into a circuit board in electric signal process unit,
12V is selected as supply voltage；Select core controllers of the STM32f103VET6 as electric signal process unit；It selects
LM1117 and LM2576 is as power supply changeover device chip；74HC04 chips are selected as pumping signal processor and NJM082D cores
Piece is as signal processor.
Monofilament degree of orientation measuring method based on cross zero detecting method is as follows：
Step 1: by after the identical counterweight 1 of weight on 3 both ends bolt of monofilament sample to be measured, then by monofilament sample 3 to be measured
It rides on transmitting terminal ultrasonic sensor 2 and on receiving terminal ultrasonic sensor 4, with disappearing on the sample fixing bracket 8 at both ends
The thin pad 8 of sound fixes monofilament, and monofilament sample 3 to be measured is made to keep nature straight configuration, opens the power supply of electric signal process unit,
12V is selected to make system in running order as supply voltage.
Step 2: transmitting terminal ultrasonic sensor stent is fixed at the 30cm scales of scale pedestal 7, receiving terminal is surpassed
Sonic sensor stent is moved at the 50cm scales of scale pedestal 7 (position 1), and level of drive generator is made to generate pulsewidth and is
12us, amplitude be 3.3V pulse, into level of drive processor after generate pulsewidth be 12us, the pulse that amplitude is 5V and
Pulsewidth is 12us, amplitude is the pulse of -5V, then respectively exports the two pulses to transmitting terminal ultrasonic sensor 2,
Generation vibration signal is propagated in monofilament sample 3 after transmitting terminal ultrasonic sensor 2 receives pulse；Vibration signal is through monofilament sample
Product 3 are propagated, and are received by receiving terminal ultrasonic sensor 4 and vibration signal is converted to electric signal, be input to signal processor, letter
The electric signal received is filtered and amplified by number processor, and treated, and electric signal is denoted as electric signal A, and electric signal A is through letter
Number collector is input in data processor after being acquired using 500ns as sampling interval T and is stored as array s [N], and N is number
Group length；To ensure measurement accuracy in practical measurement, usual N is no less than 1000.
Step 3: the data to collected signal group 1 carry out zero passage detection：
Since signal starts to have some interference, and the amplitude of signal wave crest is both greater than 2V, the amplitude of trough is both less than
1V, so filter out the interference searched in signal wave crest, trough first, i.e., if signal amplitude is more than 2V or less than 1V,
Directly give up to fall, be not used in and carry out next comparison；First look for first wave crest, s [n] represent in array s [N] n-th+
1 element, n=1,2,3,4 ... ... N-1；
It is started a query at from n=1 up to detecting first wave crest, if s [n] is not less than the value at left and right sides of it, i.e. s
[n] >=s [n-1] and s [n] >=s [n+1], then the corresponding values of n+1 are first wave crest corresponding time point, find first
After a wave crest corresponding time point, inquired backward since m=n+1, if s [m] bigger than the amplitude 1.5V of zero, and s [m+
1] if smaller than the amplitude 1.5V of zero, i.e. s [m]>1.5V and s [m+1]<1.5V, just with m, s [m], m+1, s [m+1] structure
Binary linear function, if the slope of binary linear function is k1, k1=s [m+1]-s [m]；If the intercept of binary linear function is
b1, b1=(m+2) * s [m]-(m+1) * s [m+1]；If corresponding signal acquisition sequence number at the zero of 1 zero-crossing examination of signal group
For a1, then a1=(1.5-b1)/k1；Thus corresponding signal at the zero of 1 zero-crossing examination of signal group can be calculated to adopt
Collect sequence number a1；
Step 4: receiving terminal ultrasonic sensor stent is moved at the 80cm scales of scale pedestal 7 (position 2), make
Level of drive generator generate pulsewidth be 12us, the pulse that amplitude is 3.3V, into level of drive processor after generate pulsewidth
For 12us, amplitude be 5V pulse and pulsewidth is 12us, amplitude is -5V pulse, then respectively by level of drive processor
The two pulses generated are exported to transmitting terminal ultrasonic sensor 2, after transmitting terminal ultrasonic sensor 2 receives pulse
Vibration signal is generated to propagate in monofilament sample 3；Vibration signal is propagated through monofilament sample 3, is connect by receiving terminal ultrasonic sensor 4
It receives and vibration signal is converted into electric signal and be input to signal processor, the electric signal received is filtered by signal processor
And amplification, treated, and electric signal is denoted as electric signal B, and electric signal B is adopted through signal picker by sampling interval T of 500ns
It is input to after collection in data processor and is stored as array p [J], J is array length, is denoted as signal group 2；
Step 5: the data to collected signal group 2 carry out zero passage detection：
Since signal starts to have some interference, and the amplitude of signal wave crest is both greater than 2V, the amplitude of trough is both less than
1V, so filter out the interference searched in signal wave crest, trough first, i.e., if signal amplitude is more than 2V or less than 1V,
Directly give up to fall, be not used in and carry out next comparison；First look for first wave crest, p [j] represent jth in array p [J]+
1 element, j=1,2,3,4 ... ... J-1；
It is started a query at from j=1 up to detecting first wave crest, if p [j] is not less than the value at left and right sides of it, i.e. p
[j] >=p [j-1] and p [j] >=p [j+1], then the corresponding values of j+1 are first wave crest corresponding time point, find first
After a wave crest corresponding time point, inquired backward since q=j+1, if p [q] bigger than the amplitude 1.5V of zero, and p [q+
1] if smaller than the amplitude 1.5V of zero, i.e. p [q]>1.5V and p [q+1]<1.5V, just with q, p [q], q+1, p [q+1] structure
Binary linear function, if the slope of binary linear function is k2, k2=p [q+1]-p [q]；If the intercept of binary linear function is
b2, b2=(q+2) * p [q]-(q+1) * p [q+1]；If corresponding signal acquisition sequence number at the zero of 2 zero-crossing examination of signal group
For a2, then a2=(1.5-b2)/k2；Thus corresponding signal at the zero of 2 zero-crossing examination of signal group can be calculated to adopt
Collect sequence number a2。
Step 6: propagate to the delay time △ of position 2 from position 1 in monofilament sample 3 by formula (1) calculating ultrasonic wave
T, T is signal picker sampling interval 500ns in formula；
Remember the data of the collected signal group 1 at the position 1 of monofilament sample 3 are carried out it is at the zero of zero-crossing examination and right
The data of the collected signal group 2 at the position 2 of monofilament sample 3 carry out the signal acquisition sequence between the zero of zero-crossing examination
Row number difference is a, a=a2-a1；
△ t=a*T (1)
Acoustic speed of propagation C of the vibration signal in monofilament sample 3 is calculated according to formula (2)x, s is position 1 and position 2 in formula
Distance, distance s can be obtained directly by position 1 and scale of the position 2 on scale pedestal 7：
Step 7: the degree of orientation F of monofilament sample 3 to be measured is calculated according to formula (3)：
C in formulauAcoustic velocity value when being monofilament 3 No yield point of sample, the C of same materialuIt is fixed constant；
It is shown Step 8: the degree of orientation F being calculated in step 7 is input to display by data processor.
Claims (5)
1. the monofilament degree of orientation measuring device based on cross zero detecting method, by voice signal transmission device and electric signal process unit group
Into, which is characterized in that the structure of voice signal transmission device includes a horizontally disposed, axial zone graduated rod-shaped quarter
Pedestal (7) is spent, scale pedestal (7) both ends are installed with vertical rod-shaped sample fixing bracket (8), and each sample fixes branch
Frame (8) top is there are one geometrical clamp (5), and there are two vertical ultrasonic sensors between two sample fixing brackets at both ends
Stent (6), two ultrasonic sensor stents (6) are movably arranged on scale pedestal, and two ultrasonic sensor stents
(6) can sliding axially along scale pedestal (7), the structure of two ultrasonic sensor stents (6) is identical, is that top carries
The rod-shaped scaffold of ultrasonic sensor, each ultrasonic sensor are uprightly fixed on ultrasonic sensor stent (6), are measured
When monofilament sample (3) to be measured directly and ultrasonic sensor surface keeps contacting, the both ends of monofilament sample (3) tie down two weights
It measures identical counterweight (1) to be fixed on the sample fixing bracket (8) at both ends by geometrical clamp (5), wherein being fixed with sending function
Transmitting terminal ultrasonic sensor (2) ultrasonic sensor stent (6) as transmitting terminal ultrasonic sensor stent, another
The ultrasonic sensor stent (6) for being fixed with the receiving terminal ultrasonic sensor (4) of receive capabilities is passed as receiving terminal ultrasonic wave
Sensor bracket；
Electric signal process unit includes power supply, power supply changeover device, signal processor, signal picker, data processor, display
Device, level of drive generator and level of drive processor；Transmitting terminal supersonic sensing on transmitting terminal ultrasonic sensor stent
Device (2) is connect with level of drive processor, the receiving terminal ultrasonic sensor (2) on receiving terminal ultrasonic sensor stent and letter
The connection of number processor, signal processor are connect by signal picker and data processor with display, signal processor, signal
Collector, data processor, display, level of drive generator, level of drive processor pass through power supply changeover device and electricity respectively
Source connects.
2. the monofilament degree of orientation measuring device according to claim 1 based on cross zero detecting method, which is characterized in that sample is solid
The geometrical clamp (5) on fixed rack (8) top is made of the thin pad (9) of two noise reductions and a metal clip (10), the thin pad (9) of two noise reductions
It is connected by metal clip (10) with sample fixing bracket (8) top, monofilament sample (3) is clamped to two by metal clip (10)
Between a thin pad (9) of noise reduction.
3. the monofilament degree of orientation measuring device according to claim 1 based on cross zero detecting method, which is characterized in that ultrasonic wave
Sensor stand (6) is by vertical rod-shaped stent (11), movable pedestal (12) and silencing pad positioned at stent (11) bottom
(13) it forms, silencing pad (13) is installed between the bottom of stent (11) and movable pedestal (12) upper surface.
4. the monofilament degree of orientation measuring device according to claim 1 based on cross zero detecting method, which is characterized in that described
Ultrasonic sensor is pasted together using ultrasonic sensor glue and the top of ultrasonic sensor stent (6).
5. the monofilament degree of orientation measuring method based on cross zero detecting method, which is characterized in that be as follows：
Step 1: by after the identical counterweight (1) of weight on monofilament sample (3) both ends bolt to be measured, then by monofilament sample to be measured
(3) it rides on transmitting terminal ultrasonic sensor (2) and on receiving terminal ultrasonic sensor (4), is finally fixed with the sample at both ends
The thin pad (9) of metal clip (10) and noise reduction on stent (8) is fixed by monofilament sample (3), and monofilament sample (3) to be measured is made to keep certainly
Right straight configuration opens the power supply of electric signal process unit；
Step 2: transmitting terminal ultrasonic sensor stent is fixed, receiving terminal ultrasonic sensor stent is moved to position 1
Place, position 1 is selected in transmitting terminal ultrasonic sensor stent with consolidating apart from the sample of transmitting terminal ultrasonic sensor stent farther out
Between fixed rack (8), level of drive generator generation pulsewidth is made to be 12us, the pulse that amplitude is 3.3V, into the level of drive
Generate that pulsewidth is 12us, the pulse that amplitude is 5V and pulsewidth are 12us, amplitude is the pulse of -5V, then are distinguished after processor
The two pulses that level of drive processor generates are exported to transmitting terminal ultrasonic sensor (2), transmitting terminal ultrasonic wave
Sensor (2) generates vibration signal propagation in monofilament sample (3) after receiving pulse；Vibration signal is passed through monofilament sample (3)
It broadcasts, is received by receiving terminal ultrasonic sensor (4) and vibration signal is converted into electric signal and be input to signal processor, at signal
The electric signal received is filtered and amplified by reason device, and treated, and electric signal is denoted as electric signal A, and electric signal A is adopted through signal
Storage is input in data processor after being acquired using 500ns as sampling interval T and is stored as array s [N], and N is long for array
Degree, is denoted as signal group 1；
Step 3: the data to collected signal group 1 carry out zero passage detection：
Since signal starts to have some interference, and the amplitude of signal wave crest is both greater than 2V, the amplitude of trough is both less than 1V, institute
To filter out the interference searched in signal wave crest, trough first, i.e., if signal amplitude is more than 2V or less than 1V, directly give up
It discards, is not used in and carries out next comparison；First wave crest is first looked for, s [n] represents (n+1)th member in array s [N]
Element, n=1,2,3,4 ... ... N-1；
It is started a query at from n=1 up to detecting first wave crest, if s [n] is not less than the value at left and right sides of it, i.e. s [n] >=s
[n-1] and s [n] >=s [n+1], then the corresponding values of n+1 are first wave crest corresponding time point, find first wave crest
After corresponding time point, inquired backward since m=n+1, if s [m] bigger than the amplitude 1.5V of zero, and s [m+1] is than zero
Point amplitude 1.5V it is small if, i.e. s [m]>1.5V and s [m+1]<1.5V, just with m, s [m], m+1, s [m+1] structure binary one
Secondary function, if the slope of binary linear function is k1, k1=s [m+1]-s [m]；If the intercept of binary linear function is b1, b1=
(m+2)*s[m]-(m+1)*s[m+1]；If corresponding signal acquisition Serial No. a at the zero of 1 zero-crossing examination of signal group1,
So a1=(1.5-b1)/k1；Thus corresponding signal acquisition sequence at the zero of 1 zero-crossing examination of signal group can be calculated
Row number a1；
Step 4: receiving terminal ultrasonic sensor stent is moved at position 2, position 2 is selected in position 1 and apart from transmitting terminal
Between the sample fixing bracket (8) of ultrasonic sensor stent farther out, level of drive generator is made to generate pulsewidth as 12us, amplitude
For the pulse of 3.3V, into level of drive processor after generate that pulsewidth is 12us, the pulse that amplitude is 5V and pulsewidth are
12us, amplitude are the pulse of -5V, then export the two pulses that level of drive processor generates to transmitting terminal surpass respectively
On sonic sensor (2), transmitting terminal ultrasonic sensor (2) generates vibration signal in monofilament sample (3) after receiving pulse
It propagates；Vibration signal is propagated through monofilament sample (3), is received by receiving terminal ultrasonic sensor (4) and is converted to vibration signal
Electric signal is input to signal processor, and the electric signal received is filtered and amplified by signal processor, telecommunications that treated
Number electric signal B is denoted as, electric signal B is input to data processor after signal picker is acquired using 500ns as sampling interval T
In and be stored as array p [J], J is array length, is denoted as signal group 2；
Step 5: the data to collected signal group 2 carry out zero passage detection：
Since signal starts to have some interference, and the amplitude of signal wave crest is both greater than 2V, the amplitude of trough is both less than 1V, institute
To filter out the interference searched in signal wave crest, trough first, i.e., if signal amplitude is more than 2V or less than 1V, directly give up
It discards, is not used in and carries out next comparison；First wave crest is first looked for, p [j] represents+1 member of jth in array p [J]
Element, j=1,2,3,4 ... ... J-1；
It is started a query at from j=1 up to detecting first wave crest, if p [j] is not less than the value at left and right sides of it, i.e. p [j] >=p
[j-1] and p [j] >=p [j+1], then the corresponding values of j+1 are first wave crest corresponding time point, find first wave crest
After corresponding time point, inquired backward since q=j+1, if p [q] bigger than the amplitude 1.5V of zero, and p [q+1] is than zero
Point amplitude 1.5V it is small if, i.e. p [q]>1.5V and p [q+1]<1.5V, just with q, p [q], q+1, p [q+1] structure binary one
Secondary function, if the slope of binary linear function is k2, k2=p [q+1]-p [q]；If the intercept of binary linear function is b2, b2=
(q+2)*p[q]-(q+1)*p[q+1]；If corresponding signal acquisition Serial No. a at the zero of 2 zero-crossing examination of signal group2,
So a2=(1.5-b2)/k2；Thus corresponding signal acquisition sequence at the zero of 2 zero-crossing examination of signal group can be calculated
Row number a2；
Step 6: propagate to the delay time △ t of position 2 from position 1 in monofilament sample (3) by formula (1) calculating ultrasonic wave,
T is signal picker sampling interval 500ns in formula；
Remember that the data of collected signal group 1 are carried out at the zero of zero-crossing examination and to list at position 1 to monofilament sample (3)
The data of silk sample (3) collected signal group 2 at the position 2 carry out the signal acquisition sequence between the zero of zero-crossing examination
Row number difference is a, a=a2-a1；
△ t=a*T (1)
Acoustic speed of propagation C of the vibration signal in monofilament sample (3) is calculated according to formula (2)x, in formula s be position 1 with position 2 away from
From distance s can be obtained directly by position 1 and scale of the position 2 on scale pedestal (7)：
Step 7: the degree of orientation F of monofilament sample (3) to be measured is calculated according to formula (3)：
C in formulauAcoustic velocity value when being monofilament sample (3) No yield point, the C of same materialuIt is fixed constant；
It is shown Step 8: the degree of orientation F being calculated in step 7 is input to display by data processor.
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