CN108195355B - River health evaluation method and evaluation device - Google Patents
River health evaluation method and evaluation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN108195355B CN108195355B CN201711218866.XA CN201711218866A CN108195355B CN 108195355 B CN108195355 B CN 108195355B CN 201711218866 A CN201711218866 A CN 201711218866A CN 108195355 B CN108195355 B CN 108195355B
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Abstract
The application provides a river health evaluation method and a river health evaluation device, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring hydrological parameters of a river to be evaluated in a set time period, wherein the hydrological parameters comprise the flow, the water temperature, the precipitation and the air temperature of the river to be evaluated; fitting the flow and the precipitation in the first time period to obtain a first fitting coefficient; fitting the flow and the precipitation in the second time period to obtain a second fitting coefficient; fitting the water temperature and the air temperature in the first time period to obtain a third fitting coefficient; fitting the water temperature and the air temperature in the second time period to obtain a fourth fitting coefficient; determining the flow variation coefficient of the river to be evaluated in a set time period according to the first fitting coefficient and the second fitting coefficient; determining the water temperature variation coefficient of the river to be evaluated in a set time period according to the third fitting coefficient and the fourth fitting coefficient; and evaluating the health level of the river to be evaluated according to the flow variation coefficient and the water temperature variation coefficient. The method and the device can evaluate the health grade of the dam-free river.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of water area monitoring, in particular to a river health evaluation method and device.
Background
Natural rivers often have complex functions and play an important role in human society and natural environment. Meanwhile, the development and utilization of rivers by human beings also affect the exertion of various efficacies of the rivers, and particularly, the ecological functions of the rivers are often ignored in the process of developing and utilizing the rivers. As a tool, the river health evaluation is gradually applied to the evaluation and management process of rivers, and an important basis is provided for river protection.
Most of the existing river evaluation is comprehensive evaluation, namely parameters of different aspects such as hydrology, water quality, habitat, ecosystem and the like are brought into an evaluation system, and measurement and analysis are carried out. Among them, the evaluation of the hydrological parameters is an important aspect. The existing evaluation method mainly aims at analyzing the flow and hydrological measurement sequence of the river, calculating parameters such as river pressure index, ecological flow guarantee degree, water temperature variation degree and the like, and establishing a standard on the basis to evaluate and grade a single river or the whole river basin. The evaluation method only utilizes parameters such as the flow, the water level, the water temperature and the like of the river, and is extremely suitable for damming rivers with the function of regulating the water flow for human activities. On the contrary, for the non-dam river, the river hydrological parameters are mainly changed from the change of meteorological conditions such as the falling water and the air temperature in the river basin, and the human activities are secondary factors, so the method is not suitable for reflecting the influence caused by the human activities in the non-dam river.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for evaluating river health, which can evaluate the health level of a non-dam river.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a river health evaluation method, including:
acquiring hydrological parameters of a river to be evaluated in a set time period, wherein the hydrological parameters comprise the flow, the water temperature, the precipitation and the air temperature of the river to be evaluated, and the set time period comprises a first time period and a second time period;
fitting the flow and the precipitation of the first time period according to a first set relation between the flow and the precipitation of the set time period to obtain a first fitting coefficient; fitting the flow and the precipitation in the second time period to obtain a second fitting coefficient;
fitting the water temperature and the air temperature in the first time period according to a second set relation between the water temperature and the air temperature in the set time period to obtain a third fitting coefficient; fitting the water temperature and the air temperature in the second time period to obtain a fourth fitting coefficient;
determining the flow variation coefficient of the river to be evaluated in the set time period according to the first fitting coefficient, the second fitting coefficient and the daily average flow of the river to be evaluated;
determining the water temperature variation coefficient of the river to be evaluated in the set time period according to the third fitting coefficient, the fourth fitting coefficient and the daily average water temperature of the river to be evaluated;
and evaluating the health grade of the river to be evaluated according to the flow variation coefficient and the water temperature variation coefficient.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the fitting is performed on the flow rate and the precipitation in the first time period according to a first set relationship between the flow rate and the precipitation in the set time period, so as to obtain a first fitting coefficient; fitting the flow and the precipitation in the second time period to obtain a second fitting coefficient, which comprises:
performing linear fitting on the precipitation and the flow in the first time period to obtain a first fitting coefficient;
and performing linear fitting on the precipitation and the flow in the second time period to obtain a second fitting coefficient.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the fitting is performed on the water temperature and the air temperature in the first time period according to a second set relationship between the water temperature and the air temperature in the set time period, so as to obtain a third fitting coefficient; fitting the water temperature and the air temperature in the second time period to obtain a fourth fitting coefficient, wherein the fitting coefficient comprises the following steps:
performing linear fitting on the water temperature and the air temperature in the first time period to obtain a third fitting coefficient;
and performing linear fitting on the water temperature and the air temperature in the second time period to obtain the fourth fitting coefficient.
With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the acquiring hydrological parameters of a river to be evaluated in a set time period is acquired according to years, and the performing linear fitting on the precipitation and the flow in the first time period to obtain the first fitting coefficient includes:
the flow rate is linear with precipitation over the first time period: delta Qi＝arQ,i+brQ,i·ri(ii) a Wherein, is Δ QiIs the flow rate of the first time period, riIs the precipitation of the first period of time, arQ,iAnd brQ,iIs the first fitting coefficient, arQ,iA reference flow, br, representing said first time periodQ,iA flow precipitation correlation coefficient representing the first time period;
ar is obtained according to the following formulaQ,iAnd brQ,i：
performing linear fitting on the precipitation amount and the flow rate in the second time period to obtain a second fitting coefficient, including:
the flow rate and precipitation in the second time period are in a linear relation: delta Qi'＝aeQ,i+beQ,i·ri'; wherein, is Δ Qi' flow rate of the second period of time, ri' is the precipitation for the second period of time; aeQ,iAnd beQ,iAs the second fitting coefficient, aeQ,iIs a reference flow rate of the second time period, beQ,iThe flow precipitation correlation coefficient of the second time period is;
ae is obtained according to the following formulaQ,iAnd beQ,i：
With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the acquiring hydrological parameters of a river to be evaluated in a set time period is acquired according to months, and performing linear fitting on the precipitation amount and the flow rate in the first time period to obtain the first fitting coefficient, where the acquiring the hydrological parameters includes:
the flow rate is linear with the precipitation amount in the j year of the first time period: delta Qi,j＝arQ,i,j+brQ,i,j·ri,j(ii) a Wherein, is Δ Qi,jIs the flow rate of the j year in the first time period, ri,jIs the precipitation of the j year in the first period of time, arQ,i,jAnd brQ,i,jIs DeltaQi,jAnd ri,jFitting coefficient at year j, arQ,i,jBr is the reference flow of the j year in the first time periodQ,i,jThe flow precipitation correlation coefficient of the j year in the first time period;
determining Δ Q according to the following equationi,jAnd ri,jThe fitting coefficient ar at the j-th yearQ,i,jAnd brQ,i,j：
Determining the first fitting coefficient ar according to the following formulaQ,iAnd brQ,i；
performing linear fitting on the precipitation amount and the flow rate in the second time period to obtain a second fitting coefficient, including:
flow rate is linear with precipitation in year j' of the second time period: delta Q'i,j'＝ae'Q,i,j'+be'Q,i,j'·r'i,j'(ii) a Wherein, delta Q'i,j'The second timeFlow of year j 'in the segment, r'i,j'Is the precipitation of year j' in the second time period; ae 'of'Q,i,j'And be'Q,i,j'Is delta Q'i,j'And r'i,j'Year j 'of the second time segment'Q,i,j'Represents a reference flow rate of year j 'in the second period of time, be'Q,i,j'The flow precipitation correlation coefficient of the j' th year in the second time period;
determining Δ Q 'according to the formula'i,j'And r'i,j'The fit coefficients ae ' for year j ' in the second time period 'Q,i,j'And be'Q,i,j'：
Determining the second fitting coefficient for the second time period according to the following equation:
With reference to the second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, an example of the present application provides a fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the acquiring hydrological parameters of a river to be evaluated for a set time period is acquired year by year, and linear fitting is performed on the water temperature and the air temperature for the first time period to obtain the third fitting coefficient, and the third fitting coefficient includes:
the water temperature and the air temperature are in a linear relationship during the first time period: delta Ti＝arT,i+brT,i·ti(ii) a Wherein, Delta TiIs the water temperature of the first time period, tiIs the air temperature of the first time period, arT,iAnd brT,iIs the third fitting coefficient, arT,iIs the reference temperature of the first time period brT,iThe water temperature and air temperature correlation coefficient is the first time period;
obtaining the third fitting coefficient ar according to the following formulaT,iAnd brT,i：
performing linear fitting on the water temperature and the air temperature in the second time period to obtain the fourth fitting coefficient, including:
the water temperature and the air temperature are in a linear relationship in the second time period: delta Ti'＝aeT,i+beT,i·ti'; wherein, Delta Ti' Water temperature of the second time period, ti' air temperature of the second time period, aeT,iAnd beT,iAs the third fitting coefficient, aeT,iIs the reference temperature, be, of the second time periodT,iThe water temperature and air temperature correlation coefficient of the second time period is obtained;
ae is obtained according to the following formulaT,iAnd beT,i：
With reference to the second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, an example of the present application provides a sixth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the acquiring hydrological parameters of a river to be evaluated for a set time period is acquired monthly, and the linearly fitting is performed on the water temperature and the air temperature for the first time period to obtain the third fitting coefficient, and the third fitting coefficient includes:
the water temperature is linear with the air temperature in the j-th year of the first period: delta Ti,j＝arT,i,j+brT,i,j·ti.j(ii) a Wherein, Delta Ti,jThe water temperature, t, of the j year in the first time periodi.jIs the temperature of the j year in the first time period, arT,i,jAnd brT,i,jIs DeltaTi,jAnd ti.jA fitting coefficient, ar, of year j in the first time periodT,i,jIs the reference water temperature br of the j year in the first time periodT,i,jThe water temperature and air temperature correlation coefficient of the j year in the first time period;
determining Δ T according to the following equationi,jAnd ti.jA fitting coefficient ar of the j year in the first time periodT,i,jAnd brT,i,j：
Determining a third fitting parameter ar for the first time period according to the following formulaT,iAnd brT,i；
performing linear fitting on the water temperature and the air temperature in the second time period to obtain the fourth fitting coefficient, including:
the water temperature is linearly related to the air temperature in the jth year' of the second period: delta T'i,j'＝ar'T,i,j'+br'T,i,j'·t'i.j'(ii) a Wherein, delta T'i,j'Flow, t ' in the j ' year of the second time period 'i.j'Is the precipitation of year j' in the second time period; ar'T,i,j'And br'T,i,j'Is delta T'i,j'And t'i.j'Year j's fitting coefficient, ar ' in the second time period 'T,i,j'Represents a reference flow rate of year j 'in the second period of time, br'T,i,j'Representing the flow precipitation correlation coefficient of the j' th year in the second time period;
determining Delta T 'according to the formula'i,j'And t'i.j'The fitting coefficient ar ' of year j ' in the second time period 'T,i,j'And br'T,i,j'：
Determining the fourth fitting parameter ae for the second time period according to the following equationT,iAnd beT,i：
With reference to the third possible implementation manner of the first aspect or the fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, an example of the present application provides a seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the determining, according to the first fitting coefficient, the second fitting coefficient, and the average daily flow of the river to be evaluated, a flow variation coefficient of the river to be evaluated within the set time includes:
when arQ,iWhen the flow rate is equal to 0, determining the flow rate variation coefficient in the set time according to the following formula:
when arQ,iWhen not equal to 0, determining the flow variation coefficient in the set time according to the following formula:
With reference to the fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect or the sixth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, an example of the present application provides an eighth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the determining, according to the third fitting coefficient, the fourth fitting coefficient and the average water temperature of the river to be evaluated, a water temperature variation coefficient of the river to be evaluated within the set time includes:
determining the water temperature variation coefficient in the set time according to the following formula:
With reference to the eighth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the present application provides a ninth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, and the water in the second time period is calculated according to the following formulaTemperature TEiAnd a water temperature TR of the first periodi：
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a tenth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the evaluating the river to be evaluated according to the flow variation coefficient and the water temperature variation coefficient includes:
averaging and summing the flow variation coefficient and the water temperature variation coefficient to obtain a hydrological parameter coefficient of the river to be evaluated;
and determining the health grade of the river to be evaluated according to the hydrologic parameter coefficient and the mapping relation between the pre-stored hydrologic parameter coefficient and the health grade of the river to be evaluated.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an apparatus for evaluating river health, including:
the system comprises an acquisition module, a storage module and a control module, wherein the acquisition module is used for acquiring hydrological parameters of a river to be evaluated in a set time period, the hydrological parameters comprise the flow, the water temperature, the precipitation and the air temperature of the river to be evaluated, and the set time period comprises a first time period and a second time period;
the fitting module is used for fitting the flow and the precipitation in the first time period according to a first set relation between the flow and the precipitation in the set time period to obtain a first fitting coefficient; fitting the flow and the precipitation in the second time period to obtain a second fitting coefficient;
fitting the water temperature and the air temperature in the first time period according to a second set relation between the water temperature and the air temperature in the set time period to obtain a third fitting coefficient; fitting the water temperature and the air temperature in the second time period to obtain a fourth fitting coefficient;
the determining module is used for determining the flow variation coefficient of the river to be evaluated in the set time period according to the first fitting coefficient, the second fitting coefficient and the daily average flow of the river to be evaluated;
determining the water temperature variation coefficient of the river to be evaluated in the set time period according to the third fitting coefficient, the fourth fitting coefficient and the average water temperature of the river to be evaluated;
and the evaluation module is used for evaluating the health level of the river to be evaluated according to the flow variation coefficient and the water temperature variation coefficient.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that hydrological parameters of the river to be evaluated in a set time period are collected, the set time period is divided into the first time period and the second time period, the flow variation coefficient of the river to be evaluated in the set time period is determined through the fitting coefficient of the flow and the precipitation of the first time period and the fitting coefficient of the flow and the precipitation of the second time period, the water temperature variation coefficient of the river to be evaluated in the set time period is determined through the fitting coefficient of the water temperature and the air temperature of the first time period and the fitting coefficient of the water temperature and the air temperature of the second time period, and the health grade of the river to be evaluated in the set time period can be guided through evaluating the flow variation coefficient and the water temperature variation coefficient.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for evaluating river health according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for fitting precipitation to flow rate provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a fitting method of water temperature and air temperature provided by an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 4 illustrates a flow chart for determining a health level of a river to be assessed provided by an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of an evaluation device for river health according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present application without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Example 1
The embodiment 1 of the application provides a river health evaluation method, as shown in fig. 1, which is a flow chart of the method and comprises the following specific steps:
s100, collecting hydrological parameters of the river to be evaluated in a set time period, wherein the hydrological parameters comprise static flow, static water temperature, precipitation and air temperature of the river to be evaluated, and the set time period comprises a first time period and a second time period.
The set time period is a time period preset for assessing the river to be assessed, for example, considering the river health of the river to be assessed in the last 20 years, the first time period is the last 20 years to the last 10 years, the second time period is the last 10 years, the first time period generally selects the year with the smallest influence of human activities on the river, and the first time period is taken as a reference year for the second time period, so that the change of the river in the last 20 years to the last 10 years can be obviously assessed correspondingly.
According to the specific and scientific principle and the similarity principle of the landform of the river basin, the river is divided into a plurality of river sections, one river section is taken as a river to be evaluated, and in order to prevent the river to be evaluated from being influenced by the upstream river, the static flow delta Q is used in the applicationiAnd hydrostatic temperature Δ TiExpressed, defined as follows:
in the formula (1), when i is 1, that is, when the river to be evaluated is the first section of the whole river, the static flow rate is the flow rate of the river, and when i is 2, …, n, the static flow rate is the flow rate of the river to be evaluated minus the river flow rate of the upstream section.
In the formula (2), when i is 1, that is, when the river to be evaluated is the first section of the whole river, the still water temperature is the water temperature of the river itself, and when i is 2, …, n, the still water temperature is the difference obtained by subtracting the product of the river flow and the water temperature of the upstream section of the river from the product of the still flow and the water temperature of the river, and then dividing the difference by the still flow of the section.
The definition is that the flow and the water temperature of the river reach to be evaluated are not influenced by the upstream river reach, and the accuracy is higher.
S110, fitting the static flow and the precipitation in a first time period according to a first set relation between the static flow and the precipitation in a set time period to obtain a first fitting coefficient; and fitting the static flow and the precipitation in the second time period to obtain a second fitting coefficient.
A preferred implementation manner, in the technical solution proposed in embodiment 1 of the present application, a flowchart is shown in fig. 2, and in step S110, the method includes the following specific steps:
and S200, performing linear fitting on the precipitation and the flow in the first time period to obtain a first fitting coefficient.
In the present application, the first time period represents a reference time period, i.e. a time period with less artificial influence.
When hydrological parameters of a river to be evaluated in a set time period are collected, the collected time frequencies are different, the process of obtaining the first fitting coefficient is not completely the same, and the embodiment of the application elaborates in detail by taking the collected time frequencies as years and months:
if the hydrological parameters of the river to be evaluated, which are collected in the set time period, are collected according to the year, the process of obtaining the first fitting coefficient is as follows:
the flow rate is linear with precipitation for a first period of time: delta Qi＝arQ,i+brQ,i·ri(ii) a Wherein, is Δ QiThe flow rate of the river to be evaluated, r, for the first period of timeiFor a first period of time the precipitation in the region of the river to be evaluated, arQ,iAnd brQ,iIs the first fitting coefficient, arQ,iA reference flow, br, representing a first time periodQ,iRepresenting the flow precipitation correlation coefficient for the first time period.
Here the reference flow arQ,iReflecting the self flow of the river to be evaluated under the condition of no precipitation, for example, the water flow of the river mainly comes from snow melting in icebergs, if ar is calculated to obtainQ,i<0, then let arQ,i0, which means that the river to be evaluated is all from precipitation; brQ,iThe flow precipitation correlation coefficient reflects the influence rate of the flow of the area where the river to be evaluated is located on the precipitation, and the larger the value is, the larger the influence of the flow of the area where the river to be evaluated is located on the precipitation is.
Linearly fitting the precipitation and net flow of the river to be evaluated according to a least square method to obtain arQ,iAnd brQ,i：
If the hydrological parameters of the river to be evaluated, which are acquired within the set time period, are acquired according to the month, the process of obtaining the first fitting coefficient is as follows:
the flow rate is linear with precipitation for the jth year of the first time period, wherein the jth year comprises 12 months: delta Qi,j＝arQ,i,j+brQ,i,j·ri,j(ii) a Wherein, is Δ Qi,jIs the flow rate of the j year in the first time period, ri,jIs the precipitation of the j year in the first time period, arQ,i,jAnd brQ,i,jIs DeltaQi,jAnd ri,jFitting coefficient at year j, arQ,i,jBr is the reference flow of the j year in the first time periodQ,i,jThe flow precipitation correlation coefficient of the j year in the first time period;
linearly fitting the precipitation and net flow of the river to be evaluated in the jth year in the first time period according to a least square method to obtain a fitting coefficient arQ,i,jAnd brQ,i,j：
Likewise, the fitting coefficient arQ,i,jReflecting that in the j year, the flow of the river to be evaluated is self-flow under the condition of no precipitation; brQ,i,jReflecting the influence rate of precipitation on the flow of the area of the river to be evaluated in the j-th year.
Ar obtained according to the above two formulasQ,i,jAnd brQ,i,jRepresenting the self-flow and the influence ratio of the area flow under the condition of no precipitation of the river to be evaluated on precipitation in the j-th year, if the self-flow and the influence ratio of the area flow under the condition of no precipitation of the river to be evaluated on precipitation in the 2000 to 2010 years are wanted to be known, a first fitting coefficient ar needs to be determined according to the following formulaQ,iAnd brQ,i：
And S210, performing linear fitting on the precipitation and the flow in the second time period to obtain a second fitting coefficient.
In the present application, the second time period represents an evaluation time period, i.e. a time period in which it is desired to evaluate the impact of human activity on river health, generally closer to the current time.
If the hydrological parameters of the river to be evaluated, which are collected in the set time period, are collected according to the year, the process of obtaining the second fitting coefficient is as follows:
the flow rate and the precipitation amount in the second time period are in a linear relation: delta Qi'＝aeQ,i+beQ,i·ri'; wherein, is Δ Qi' flow rate for second time period, ri' is the precipitation for the second period of time; aeQ,iAnd beQ,iAs a second fitting coefficient, aeQ,iIs a reference flow rate of the second time period, beQ,iThe flow precipitation correlation coefficient is the second time period;
linearly fitting the precipitation and the net flow of the river to be evaluated in the second time period according to a least square method to obtain aeQ,iAnd beQ,i：
If the hydrological parameters of the river to be evaluated, which are acquired within the set time period, are acquired according to the month, the process of obtaining the second fitting coefficient is as follows:
the flow rate is in linear relation with the precipitation amount in the j' th year in the second time period: delta Q'i,j'＝ae'Q,i,j'+be'Q,i,j'·r'i,j'(ii) a Wherein, delta Q'i,j'Is the flow rate of the j 'year in the second time period, r'i,j'Is the precipitation of the j' th year in the second time period; ae 'of'Q,i,j'And be'Q,i,j'Is delta Q'i,j'And r'i,j'Year j ' fitting coefficient, ae ' in the second time period 'Q,i,j'Represents a reference flow rate of year j 'in the second period of time, be'Q,i,j'The flow precipitation correlation coefficient of the j' th year in the second time period.
Performing linear fitting on the precipitation amount and the net flow in the j 'year in the second time period according to a least square method to obtain a fitting coefficient ae'Q,i,j'And be'Q,i,j'：
Determining a second fitting coefficient for the second time period according to the following equation:
S120, fitting the static water temperature and the air temperature in the first time period according to a second set relation between the static water temperature and the air temperature in the set time period to obtain a third fitting coefficient; and fitting the static water temperature and the air temperature in the second time period to obtain a fourth fitting coefficient.
A preferred implementation manner, in the technical solution proposed in embodiment 1 of the present application, a flowchart is shown in fig. 3, and in step S120, the method includes the following specific steps:
and S300, performing linear fitting on the water temperature and the air temperature in the first time period to obtain a third fitting coefficient.
In the present application, the first time period represents a reference time period, i.e. a time period with less artificial influence.
When a river to be evaluated in a set time period is collected, the collected time frequencies are different, the process of obtaining the first fitting coefficient is not completely the same, and the embodiment of the application elaborates in detail by taking the collected time frequencies as years and months:
if the hydrological parameters of the river to be evaluated, which are collected in the set time period, are collected according to the year, the process of obtaining the third fitting coefficient is as follows:
the water temperature and the air temperature are in a linear relation in a first time period: delta Ti＝arT,i+brT,i·ti(ii) a Wherein, Delta TiWater temperature, t, for a first period of timeiIs the air temperature of the first time period, arT,iAnd brT,iIs the third fitting coefficient, arT,iIs a reference temperature of the first time period brT,iIs the water temperature and air temperature correlation coefficient of the first time period.
Performing linear fitting on the water temperature and the air temperature in the first time period according to a least square method to obtain a third fitting coefficient arT,iAnd brT,i：
If the hydrological parameters of the river to be evaluated, which are acquired within the set time period, are acquired according to the month, the process of obtaining the third fitting coefficient is as follows:
the water temperature and the air temperature are in a linear relationship in the j-th year in the first period: delta Ti,j＝arT,i,j+brT,i,j·ti.j(ii) a Wherein, Delta Ti,jThe water temperature of the j year in the first time period, ti.jIs the temperature of the j year in the first time period, arT,i,jAnd brT,i,jIs DeltaTi,jAnd ti.jFitting coefficient, ar, for the j year in the first time periodT,i,jIs the reference water temperature br of the j year in the first time periodT,i,jIs the water temperature and air temperature correlation coefficient of the j year in the first time period.
Determining a fitting coefficient ar of the water temperature and the air temperature in the jth year in the first time period according to a least square methodT,i,jAnd brT,i,j：
Determining a third fitting parameter ar for the first time period according to the following formulaT,iAnd brT,i；
And S310, performing linear fitting on the water temperature and the air temperature in the second time period to obtain a fourth fitting coefficient.
If the hydrological parameters of the river to be evaluated, which are collected in the set time period, are collected according to the year, the process of obtaining the fourth fitting coefficient is as follows:
the water temperature and the air temperature are in a linear relation in a second time period: delta Ti'＝aeT,i+beT,i·ti'; wherein, Delta Ti' Water temperature for second time period, ti' air temperature in the second time zone, aeT,iAnd beT,iAs a third fitting coefficient, aeT,iIs the reference temperature of the second time period, beT,iThe water temperature and air temperature correlation coefficient is the second time period;
performing linear fitting on the water temperature and air temperature of the river to be evaluated in the second time period according to a least square method to obtain aeT,iAnd beT,i：
If the hydrological parameters of the river to be evaluated, which are acquired within the set time period, are acquired according to the month, the process of obtaining the fourth fitting coefficient is as follows:
the water temperature and the air temperature are in a linear relation in the j' th year in the second time period: delta T'i,j'＝ar'T,i,j'+br'T,i,j'·t'i.j'(ii) a Wherein, delta T'i,j'Flow, t ' in the j ' year of the second time period 'i.j'Is the precipitation of the j' th year in the second time period; ar'T,i,j'And br'T,i,j'Is delta T'i,j'And t'i.j'Year j's fitting coefficient, ar ' in a second time period 'T,i,j'Represents a reference flow rate of year j 'in the second period of time, br'T,i,j'Representing the flow precipitation correlation coefficient of the j' th year in the second time period.
Linearly determining delta T 'according to a least square method for the water temperature and the air temperature of the river to be evaluated in the second time period'i,j'And t'i.j'The fitting coefficient ar ' of year j ' in the second time period 'T,i,j'And br'T,i,j'：
Determining the fourth fitting parameter ae for the second time period according to the following equationT,iAnd beT,i：
And S130, determining the flow variation coefficient of the river to be evaluated in a set time period according to the first fitting coefficient, the second fitting coefficient and the daily average flow of the river to be evaluated.
When arQ,iWhen the flow rate is equal to 0, determining the flow rate variation coefficient in the set time according to the following formula:
when arQ,iWhen not equal to 0, the following are providedDetermining the flow variation coefficient in set time by the formula:
And S140, determining the water temperature variation coefficient of the river to be evaluated in a set time period according to the third fitting coefficient, the fourth fitting coefficient and the daily average water temperature of the river to be evaluated.
Determining the water temperature variation coefficient in the set time according to the following formula:
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the average air temperature of the second time period.
And S150, evaluating the health level of the river to be evaluated according to the flow variation coefficient and the water temperature variation coefficient.
A preferred implementation manner, in the technical solution proposed in embodiment 1 of the present application, as shown in fig. 4, includes the following specific steps:
and S400, averaging and summing the flow variation coefficient and the water temperature variation coefficient to obtain a hydrological parameter coefficient of the river to be evaluated.
And S410, determining the health grade of the river to be evaluated according to the hydrologic parameter coefficient and the mapping relation between the pre-stored hydrologic parameter coefficient and the health grade of the river to be evaluated.
Such as coefficients of hydrological parameters
The hydrologic parameters and the health level of the river to be evaluated have a pre-stored mapping relation, so that after the hydrologic parameters S are obtained, the health level of the river to be evaluated can be determined according to the pre-stored mapping relation.
For example, when the hydrological parameter is less than 5%, the evaluation is healthy; when the hydrological parameter is 5-10%, evaluating as basic health; when the hydrologic parameter is 10-30%, evaluating the health as sub-health; when the hydrological parameter exceeded 30%, it was assessed as unhealthy.
The river health to be evaluated shows that human beings have little influence on the river to be evaluated and can be ignored; the unhealthy river to be evaluated shows that human beings have great interference on the river to be evaluated, and the rule of the hydrological process is greatly changed.
A preferred implementation manner, in the technical solution proposed in embodiment 1 of the present application, when determining the health level of the river to be evaluated according to the flow coefficient of variation and the water temperature coefficient of variation, the following manner may be further performed:
and comparing the flow variation coefficient with the water temperature variation coefficient, and evaluating the health level of the river to be evaluated by taking the variation coefficient smaller, for example, if the flow variation coefficient is smaller, evaluating by adopting the flow variation coefficient, and if the water temperature variation coefficient is smaller, evaluating by adopting the water temperature variation coefficient.
Of course, the evaluation method is not limited to the above two methods.
In steps S100 to S150, step S110 and step S120 do not distinguish the execution order, and may be performed simultaneously; step S130 and step S140 do not distinguish between the execution order as well, and may be performed simultaneously.
Example 2
The evaluation device for river health proposed in embodiment 2 of the present application, as shown in fig. 5, includes: an acquisition module 501, a fitting module 502, a determination module 503, and an evaluation module 504.
The acquisition module 501 is configured to acquire hydrological parameters of a river to be evaluated in a set time period, where the hydrological parameters include a static flow, a static water temperature, a precipitation amount, and an air temperature of the river to be evaluated, and the set time period includes a first time period and a second time period;
a fitting module 502, configured to fit the static flow and the precipitation in the first time period according to a first set relationship between the static flow and the precipitation in the set time period, so as to obtain a first fitting coefficient; fitting the static flow and the precipitation in the second time period to obtain a second fitting coefficient;
fitting the static water temperature and the air temperature in the first time period according to a second set relation between the static water temperature and the air temperature in the set time period to obtain a third fitting coefficient; fitting the static water temperature and the air temperature in the second time period to obtain a fourth fitting coefficient;
a determining module 503, configured to determine a flow variation coefficient of the river to be evaluated in the set time period according to the first fitting coefficient, the second fitting coefficient, and the average daily flow of the river to be evaluated;
determining the water temperature variation coefficient of the river to be evaluated in the set time period according to the third fitting coefficient, the fourth fitting coefficient and the average water temperature of the river to be evaluated;
and the evaluation module 504 is configured to perform health level evaluation on the river to be evaluated according to the flow variation coefficient and the water temperature variation coefficient.
Preferably, the fitting module 502 is specifically configured to:
and performing linear fitting on the precipitation and the flow in the first time period to obtain a first fitting coefficient.
And performing linear fitting on the precipitation and the flow in the second time period to obtain a second fitting coefficient.
Performing linear fitting on the water temperature and the air temperature in the first time period to obtain a third fitting coefficient;
and performing linear fitting on the water temperature and the air temperature in the second time period to obtain a fourth fitting coefficient.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that hydrological parameters of the river to be evaluated in a set time period are collected, the set time period is divided into the first time period and the second time period, the flow variation coefficient of the river to be evaluated in the set time period is determined through the fitting coefficient of the flow and the precipitation of the first time period and the fitting coefficient of the flow and the precipitation of the second time period, the water temperature variation coefficient of the river to be evaluated in the set time period is determined through the fitting coefficient of the water temperature and the air temperature of the first time period and the fitting coefficient of the water temperature and the air temperature of the second time period, and the health grade of the river to be evaluated in the set time period can be guided through evaluating the flow variation coefficient and the water temperature variation coefficient.
The computer program product for performing the method for evaluating river health provided by the embodiment of the present application includes a computer readable storage medium storing program codes, where instructions included in the program codes may be used to execute the method described in the foregoing method embodiment, and specific implementation may refer to the method embodiment, and will not be described herein again.
The river health evaluation device provided by the embodiment of the application can be specific hardware on equipment, or software or firmware installed on the equipment. The device provided by the embodiment of the present application has the same implementation principle and technical effect as the foregoing method embodiments, and for the sake of brief description, reference may be made to the corresponding contents in the foregoing method embodiments where no part of the device embodiments is mentioned. It is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the foregoing systems, apparatuses and units may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and there may be other divisions when actually implemented, and for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units through some communication interfaces, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments provided in the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit.
The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application or portions thereof that substantially contribute to the prior art may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium and including instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures, and moreover, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are used merely to distinguish one description from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present application, and are used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, but not limiting the same, and the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and although the present application is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: any person skilled in the art can modify or easily conceive the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent substitutes for some technical features within the technical scope disclosed in the present application; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, which should be construed in light of the above teachings. Are intended to be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (12)
1. A method for evaluating river health, comprising:
acquiring hydrological parameters of a river to be evaluated in a set time period, wherein the hydrological parameters comprise static flow, static water temperature, precipitation and air temperature of the river to be evaluated, and the set time period comprises a first time period and a second time period;
fitting the static flow and the precipitation in the first time period according to a first set relation between the static flow and the precipitation in the set time period to obtain a first fitting coefficient; fitting the static flow and the precipitation in the second time period to obtain a second fitting coefficient;
fitting the static water temperature and the air temperature of the first time period according to a second set relation between the static water temperature and the air temperature of the set time period to obtain a third fitting coefficient; fitting the static water temperature and the air temperature in the second time period to obtain a fourth fitting coefficient;
determining the flow variation coefficient of the river to be evaluated in the set time period according to the first fitting coefficient, the second fitting coefficient and the daily average flow of the river to be evaluated;
determining the water temperature variation coefficient of the river to be evaluated in the set time period according to the third fitting coefficient, the fourth fitting coefficient and the daily average water temperature of the river to be evaluated;
and evaluating the health grade of the river to be evaluated according to the flow variation coefficient and the water temperature variation coefficient.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the static flow and the precipitation in the first time period are fitted according to the first set relationship between the static flow and the precipitation in the set time period to obtain a first fitting coefficient; fitting the static flow and the precipitation in the second time period to obtain a second fitting coefficient, wherein the fitting coefficient comprises the following steps:
performing linear fitting on the precipitation and the flow in the first time period to obtain a first fitting coefficient;
and performing linear fitting on the precipitation and the flow in the second time period to obtain a second fitting coefficient.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the hydrostatic water temperature and the air temperature of the first time period are fitted according to a second set relation between the hydrostatic water temperature and the air temperature of the set time period to obtain a third fitting coefficient; fitting the static water temperature and the air temperature in the second time period to obtain a fourth fitting coefficient, wherein the fitting coefficient comprises the following steps:
performing linear fitting on the water temperature and the air temperature in the first time period to obtain a third fitting coefficient;
and performing linear fitting on the water temperature and the air temperature in the second time period to obtain the fourth fitting coefficient.
4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the acquiring hydrological parameters of a river to be evaluated for a set period of time is acquired year by year, and the linearly fitting the precipitation amount and the flow rate for the first period of time to obtain the first fitting coefficient comprises:
the flow rate is linear with precipitation over the first time period: delta Qi＝arQ,i+brQ,i·ri(ii) a Wherein, is Δ QiIs the flow rate of the first time period, riIs the precipitation of the first period of time, arQ,iAnd brQ,iIs the first fitting coefficient, arQ,iA reference flow, br, representing said first time periodQ,iA flow precipitation correlation coefficient representing the first time period;
ar is obtained according to the following formulaQ,iAnd brQ,i：
performing linear fitting on the precipitation amount and the flow rate in the second time period to obtain a second fitting coefficient, including:
the flow rate and precipitation in the second time period are in a linear relation: delta Qi'＝aeQ,i+beQ,i·ri'; wherein, is Δ Qi' is the flow rate of the second period of time, ri' is the precipitation for the second period of time; aeQ,iAnd beQ,iAs the second fitting coefficient, aeQ,iIs a reference flow rate of the second time period, beQ,iThe flow precipitation correlation coefficient of the second time period is;
ae is obtained according to the following formulaQ,iAnd beQ,i：
5. The method according to claim 2, wherein the acquiring hydrological parameters of a river to be evaluated for a set period of time is acquired monthly, and the linearly fitting the precipitation amount and the flow rate for the first period of time to obtain the first fitting coefficient comprises:
the flow rate is linear with the precipitation amount in the j year of the first time period: delta Qi,j＝arQ,i,j+brQ,i,j·ri,j(ii) a Wherein, is Δ Qi,jIs the flow rate of the j year in the first time period, ri,jIs the precipitation of the j year in the first period of time, arQ,i,jAnd brQ,i,jIs DeltaQi,jAnd ri,jFitting coefficient at year j, arQ,i,jBr is the reference flow of the j year in the first time periodQ,i,jThe flow precipitation correlation coefficient of the j year in the first time period;
determining Δ Q according to the following equationi,jAnd ri,jThe fitting coefficient ar at the j-th yearQ,i,jAnd brQ,i,j：
Determining the first fitting coefficient ar according to the following formulaQ,iAnd brQ,i；
performing linear fitting on the precipitation amount and the flow rate in the second time period to obtain a second fitting coefficient, including:
flow rate is linear with precipitation in year j' of the second time period: delta Q'i,j'＝ae'Q,i,j'+be'Q,i,j'·r'i,j'(ii) a Wherein, delta Q'i,j'Is the flow rate of the j 'year in the second time period, r'i,j'Is the precipitation of year j' in the second time period; ae 'of'Q,i,j'And be'Q,i,j'Is delta Q'i,j'And r'i,j'Year j 'of the second time segment'Q,i,j'Represents a reference flow rate of year j 'in the second period of time, be'Q,i,j'The flow precipitation correlation coefficient of the j' th year in the second time period;
determining Δ Q 'according to the formula'i,j'And r'i,j'The fit coefficients ae ' for year j ' in the second time period 'Q,i,j'And be'Q,i,j'：
Determining the second fitting coefficient for the second time period according to the following equation:
6. The method according to claim 3, wherein the acquiring hydrological parameters of a river to be evaluated for a set period of time is acquired year by year, and the linear fitting of the water temperature and the air temperature for the first period of time to obtain the third fitting coefficient comprises:
the water temperature and the air temperature are in a linear relationship during the first time period: delta Ti＝arT,i+brT,i·ti(ii) a Wherein, Delta TiIs the water temperature of the first time period, tiIs the air temperature of the first time period, arT,iAnd brT,iIs the third fitting coefficient, arT,iIs the reference temperature of the first time period brT,iThe water temperature and air temperature correlation coefficient is the first time period;
obtaining the third fitting coefficient ar according to the following formulaT,iAnd brT,i：
performing linear fitting on the water temperature and the air temperature in the second time period to obtain the fourth fitting coefficient, including:
the water temperature and the air temperature are in the second rangeThe time periods are in a linear relationship: delta Ti'＝aeT,i+beT,i·ti'; wherein, Delta Ti' Water temperature of the second time period, ti' air temperature of the second time period, aeT,iAnd beT,iIs the fourth fitting coefficient, aeT,iIs the reference temperature, be, of the second time periodT,iThe water temperature and air temperature correlation coefficient of the second time period is obtained;
ae is obtained according to the following formulaT,iAnd beT,i：
7. The method according to claim 3, wherein the collecting hydrological parameters of a river to be evaluated for a set period of time is collected monthly, and the linearly fitting the water temperature and the air temperature for the first period of time to obtain the third fitting coefficient comprises:
the water temperature is linear with the air temperature in the j-th year of the first period: delta Ti,j＝arT,i,j+brT,i,j·ti.j(ii) a Wherein, Delta Ti,jThe water temperature, t, of the j year in the first time periodi.jIs the temperature of the j year in the first time period, arT,i,jAnd brT,i,jIs DeltaTi,jAnd ti.jA fitting coefficient, ar, of year j in the first time periodT,i,jIs the reference water temperature br of the j year in the first time periodT,i,jThe water temperature and air temperature correlation coefficient of the j year in the first time period;
determining Δ T according to the following equationi,jAnd ti.jA fitting coefficient ar of the j year in the first time periodT,i,jAnd brT,i,j：
Determining a third fitting parameter ar for the first time period according to the following formulaT,iAnd brT,i；
performing linear fitting on the water temperature and the air temperature in the second time period to obtain the fourth fitting coefficient, including:
the water temperature is linearly related to the air temperature in the jth year' of the second period: delta T'i,j'＝ar'T,i,j'+br'T,i,j'·t'i.j'(ii) a Wherein, delta T'i,j'Water temperature, t ' in the j ' th year of the second period of time 'i.j'The temperature in the j' th year in the second time period; ar'T,i,j'And br'T,i,j'Is delta T'i,j'And t'i.j'Year j's fitting coefficient, ar ' in the second time period 'T,i,j'Represents the baseline water temperature, br ' of year j ' in the second time period 'T,i,j'Representing the water temperature and air temperature correlation coefficient of the j' th year in the second time period;
determining Delta T 'according to the formula'i,j'And t'i.j'The fitting coefficient ar ' of year j ' in the second time period 'T,i,j'And br'T,i,j'：
Determining the fourth fitting parameter ae for the second time period according to the following equationT,iAnd beT,i：
8. The method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the determining the flow variation coefficient of the river to be evaluated in the set time according to the first fitting coefficient, the second fitting coefficient and the average daily flow of the river to be evaluated comprises:
when arQ,iWhen the flow rate is equal to 0, determining the flow rate variation coefficient in the set time according to the following formula:
when arQ,iWhen not equal to 0, determining the flow variation coefficient in the set time according to the following formula:
9. The method according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the determining the water temperature variation coefficient of the river to be evaluated in the set time according to the third fitting coefficient, the fourth fitting coefficient and the average water temperature of the river to be evaluated comprises:
determining the water temperature variation coefficient in the set time according to the following formula:
10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the average water temperature TE of the second period of time is calculated according to the following formulaiAnd an average water temperature TR of the first periodi：
11. The method according to claim 1, wherein the evaluating the river to be evaluated according to the flow variation coefficient and the water temperature variation coefficient comprises:
averaging and summing the flow variation coefficient and the water temperature variation coefficient to obtain a hydrological parameter coefficient of the river to be evaluated;
and determining the health grade of the river to be evaluated according to the hydrologic parameter coefficient and the mapping relation between the pre-stored hydrologic parameter coefficient and the health grade of the river to be evaluated.
12. An apparatus for evaluating river health, comprising:
the system comprises an acquisition module, a storage module and a control module, wherein the acquisition module is used for acquiring hydrological parameters of a river to be evaluated in a set time period, the hydrological parameters comprise static flow, static water temperature, precipitation and air temperature of the river to be evaluated, and the set time period comprises a first time period and a second time period;
the fitting module is used for fitting the static flow and the precipitation in the first time period according to a first set relation between the static flow and the precipitation in the set time period to obtain a first fitting coefficient; fitting the static flow and the precipitation in the second time period to obtain a second fitting coefficient;
fitting the static water temperature and the air temperature in the first time period according to a second set relation between the static water temperature and the air temperature in the set time period to obtain a third fitting coefficient; fitting the static water temperature and the air temperature in the second time period to obtain a fourth fitting coefficient;
the determining module is used for determining the flow variation coefficient of the river to be evaluated in the set time period according to the first fitting coefficient, the second fitting coefficient and the daily average flow of the river to be evaluated;
determining the water temperature variation coefficient of the river to be evaluated in the set time period according to the third fitting coefficient, the fourth fitting coefficient and the average water temperature of the river to be evaluated;
and the evaluation module is used for evaluating the health level of the river to be evaluated according to the flow variation coefficient and the water temperature variation coefficient.
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