CN108188842B - Preparation method and processing device of medical artificial joint ball surface microtexture - Google Patents

Preparation method and processing device of medical artificial joint ball surface microtexture Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108188842B
CN108188842B CN201810086520.7A CN201810086520A CN108188842B CN 108188842 B CN108188842 B CN 108188842B CN 201810086520 A CN201810086520 A CN 201810086520A CN 108188842 B CN108188842 B CN 108188842B
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China
Prior art keywords
grinding
microarray
joint ball
artificial joint
extruding
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CN201810086520.7A
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CN108188842A (en
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卞平艳
王跃宇
王建平
李瑜
赵波
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Henan University of Technology
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Henan University of Technology
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B1/00Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
    • B24B1/04Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes subjecting the grinding or polishing tools, the abrading or polishing medium or work to vibration, e.g. grinding with ultrasonic frequency
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06BMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/02Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
    • B06B1/06Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B37/00Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
    • B24B37/02Lapping machines or devices; Accessories designed for working surfaces of revolution
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B37/00Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
    • B24B37/11Lapping tools
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B37/00Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
    • B24B37/34Accessories

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method and a processing device of a medical artificial joint ball surface micro-texture, wherein the rear end of an ultrasonic transducer is connected with a grinding and extruding tool handle, the front end of a spiral amplitude transformer is connected with the rear end of a microarray grinding and extruding head through a stud, grinding columns are uniformly distributed at intervals at the front end of the microarray grinding and extruding head, the grinding and extruding tool handle rotates along with a tool rest or a main shaft of a machine tool to drive the microarray grinding and extruding head to radially feed and extrude, the ultrasonic transducer converts electric power input through an induction coil into an ultrasonic mechanical vibration form, the vibration is transmitted to the microarray grinding and extruding head through the spiral amplitude transformer, and finally the ultrasonic mechanical vibration acts on the surface of the medical artificial joint ball to process a micro-texture structure. According to the invention, deep residual compressive stress and a micro-weave structure are introduced on the surface of the joint ball, so that the medical titanium alloy artificial joint with high additional value and extremely high abrasion resistance is obtained, the biological tribology performance of the artificial joint in a physiological environment is enhanced, and the stability and reliability of artificial joint replacement are improved.

Description

Preparation method and processing device of medical artificial joint ball surface microtexture
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to a processing technology of a medical artificial joint ball, in particular to a preparation method and a processing device of a micro-texture on the surface of the medical artificial joint ball.
Background art:
the joint is a biological friction pair with the largest load borne by a human body, and the damage and pathological changes of the joint of the human body caused by various traffic safety accidents, violent exercises, diseases and the like become important factors influencing the life health and the life quality of the human body. At present, the global demand of artificial joints is rapidly increased, the average annual artificial joint consumption in the United states exceeds 100 million sets, the output value exceeds 100 hundred million dollars, according to measurement and calculation, the potential demand of the artificial joints in China exceeds 300 million sets, the actual consumption in 2014 is more than 40 ten thousand sets, the high-speed growth of 15-20% per year is still maintained at present, and the market potential is huge. However, the artificial joint is worn in human body too fast, and the "grinding dust disease" caused by grinding dust is still a problem affecting the replacement life of the joint. In 2008, Zimmer initiatively recalled the under-flag Durom acetabular prosthetic component (metal-on-metal) due to failure rates far beyond expectations after clinical application; in 2010, since the failure rate was about 1/8, DePuy under the flag of qiangsheng corporation had to actively recall its ASRXL hip prosthesis (metal-on-metal), and the recall companies stated that the reason for the recall was that the patients had a high revision rate; in 2012, the Stryker company had to recall its Rejuvenate hip prosthesis (metal-on-metal) due to metal toxicity and higher revision rate; in the same year, also because the revision rate of the joint was higher than the revision rate standard set by the national institute of health and clinical optimization in the uk, schlephin international trade for medical products (shanghai) ltd recalled the hip replacement system (trade name: Birmingham).
Obviously, the surface quality of the artificial joint is one of the key indexes for ensuring the long-time safe service, and the surface of the artificial joint needs to be processed, strengthened or modified for further treatment so as to improve the fatigue strength and prolong the service life. Therefore, the artificial joint with the bearing wear resistance, the corrosion resistance and the self-lubricating micro-texture characteristic is prepared. The micro-weave structure is introduced to the surface of the artificial joint, and has the characteristics of deep residual compressive stress, surface microstructure nanocrystallization, geometric nano-crystallization surface type precision and the like.
Chinese patent document (application No. 201610495238.5) relates to an aviation joint bearing with a micro-texture and a manufacturing method thereof, the surface micro-texture is formed by rolling the outer surface of an inner ring and the inner surface of an outer ring of the joint bearing by an ultrasonic rolling tool with micro-protrusions, so that the roughness of the inner surface and the outer surface of the joint bearing is greatly reduced, metal grains are refined, the micro-hardness is improved, the friction coefficient is reduced, and the fatigue resistance of the joint bearing is greatly improved due to the introduction of compressive stress; the other Chinese patent document (application No. 201710304443.3) relates to a method for preparing an inner surface micro-texture, which is used for processing the micro-texture on the inner wall of a workpiece, abrasive particles are used for grinding the inner surface of the workpiece to process the micro-texture, the abrasive particles are arranged on the outer surface of a processing device, and the inner cavity wall of the workpiece is processed along with the rotation of the processing device to form the micro-texture, so that the processing efficiency is high. The micro-texture forming method is mainly suitable for single molded surfaces of plates, bars and the like.
The invention content is as follows:
the technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: overcomes the defects of the prior art, and provides a preparation method and a processing device of the medical artificial joint ball surface microtexture, which has slow abrasion and long service life, can introduce deep residual compressive stress into the surface and also considers the surface microstructure.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of a medical artificial joint ball surface microtexture comprises the following steps:
a. establishing a microarray extrusion head by combining the characteristics of the surface of the medical artificial joint ball, arranging mounting holes at the rear end of the microarray extrusion head, and uniformly arranging grinding columns at intervals at the front end of the microarray extrusion head;
b. arranging an ultrasonic transducer, wherein the rear end of the ultrasonic transducer is connected with an extrusion tool handle, the front end of a spiral amplitude transformer of the ultrasonic transducer is connected with the rear end of a microarray extrusion head through a stud bolt, a spiral groove is formed in the spiral amplitude transformer, a torsion component is introduced on the basis of an ultrasonic vibration longitudinal component, and a single excitation longitudinal-torsional resonance mode with a specific longitudinal-torsional vibration amplitude ratio is generated;
c. installing an extrusion tool shank on a tool rest or a main shaft of a machine tool, connecting the medical artificial joint ball on a chuck of the machine tool, driving a microarray extrusion head to feed and extrude along with the operation of the tool rest or the main shaft of the machine tool, converting electric power input through an induction coil into an ultrasonic mechanical vibration form by an ultrasonic transducer, transmitting the vibration to the microarray extrusion head through a spiral amplitude transformer, and finally acting on the surface of the medical artificial joint ball;
d. the microarray grinding and extruding head rotates around the spherical center of the workpiece to feed, so that the grinding and extruding of the whole spherical surface is completed, and the micro-woven structure is processed.
The ultrasonic transducer comprises piezoelectric ceramic pieces, copper electrodes, spiral amplitude transformers and induction coils, wherein the longitudinal polarization directions of the two adjacent piezoelectric ceramic pieces are opposite, the piezoelectric ceramic pieces are bonded through an adhesive after being purified, a spiral groove is formed in the end part of each spiral amplitude transformer, single-excited longitudinal vibration is converted into longitudinal-torsional vibration, and the longitudinal-torsional amplitude ratio is changed by changing the structural parameters of the spiral groove.
The grinding column of the microarray grinding and extruding head is rhombic, square or circular, wherein the square grinding column and the rhombic grinding column are processed by a slow-moving wire cutting machine, and the circular grinding column is processed by electric spark reverse-copying translational discharge.
The diameter or side length of the grinding column is 100-; the micro-pit structure processed on the surface of the joint ball by using the grinding column has good oil storage and lubrication performance, and the texture scale of ultrasonic processing plays a bearing role.
The medical artificial joint ball is made of titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V, and ultrasonic grinding and extrusion are carried out on the high-speed rotating component through different working modes, different vibration dimensions, different amplitudes, frequencies and powers; and simultaneously, cooling different types of cooling liquid with gradually quenched flow from small to large, and finally processing the surface micro texture on the joint ball.
A medical artificial joint ball surface micro-texture processing device comprises an ultrasonic transducer, wherein the ultrasonic transducer comprises a piezoelectric ceramic piece, a copper electrode, a spiral amplitude transformer and an induction coil, a spiral groove is formed in the end portion of the spiral amplitude transformer, single-excited longitudinal vibration is converted into longitudinal-torsional vibration, the longitudinal-torsional amplitude ratio is changed by changing the structural parameters of the spiral groove, the rear end of the ultrasonic transducer is connected with an extrusion tool handle, the front end of the spiral amplitude transformer is connected with the rear end of a microarray extrusion head through a stud bolt, grinding columns are uniformly distributed at intervals at the front end of the microarray extrusion head, the extrusion tool handle is arranged on a tool rest or a main shaft of a machine tool, the microarray extrusion head is driven to radially feed and extrude along with the operation of the tool rest or the main shaft, and the ultrasonic transducer converts electric power input through the induction coil into an ultrasonic mechanical vibration form, the vibration is transmitted to the microarray extrusion head through the spiral amplitude transformer and finally acts on the surface of the medical artificial joint ball to process a micro-woven structure with a felt shape.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention mainly solves the problems of high abrasion rate, high repair rate, short service life and the like of artificial joints manufactured by the traditional technology in a human body, provides a processing mode of nanocrystallization, geometric state nanocrystallization and surface type precision, acts on the surface of an artificial joint ball, introduces deep residual compressive stress and a surface microtexture structure on the surface of the joint ball, realizes texturing and grain refining of the surface of a titanium alloy artificial joint ball, further obtains medical titanium alloy artificial joints with extremely high abrasion resistance and high added value, enhances the biological tribological performance of the medical titanium alloy artificial joints in a physiological environment, and improves the stability and reliability of artificial joint replacement.
2. The invention utilizes ultrasonic longitudinal-torsional milling titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V to process a felt-shaped surface micro-texture, the micro-texture structure has good oil storage and lubrication performance, and the micro-texture scale of ultrasonic processing plays a role in bearing.
3. Compared with the traditional superplastic deformation fine grain method for processing single bars, wires and plates, the ultrasonic grinding and extruding tool applied by the invention is more suitable for processing complex profiles such as the surface of an artificial joint ball; the preparation method of the surface microtexture combines the advantages of ultrasonic vibration cutting texture and microarray impressing, and can realize the controllability of the surface layer tissue state and the microtexture structure.
4. The invention opens the longitudinal spiral groove on the amplitude transformer, the longitudinal vibration generated by single excitation is resolved into the vibration along the spiral line direction and the vertical spiral line direction at the root part where the spiral body contacts with the cylindrical surface, when the vibration frequency of the two vibrations is close to or the same as the local bending vibration frequency of the spiral body, the spiral body will generate the longitudinal resonance and the bending resonance, which is equivalent to the spiral body to do the torsional vibration along the circumferential surface, but the structural damping of the transmitting end will cause the phase difference between the longitudinal vibration and the torsional vibration at the output end, thereby realizing the single excitation longitudinal-torsional composite ultrasonic vibration of the tool head.
5. The invention has reasonable design, easy implementation, good oil storage lubricating property, easy popularization and implementation and good economic benefit, can introduce deep residual compressive stress on the surface and also consider the surface microstructure.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a device for processing micro-texture on the surface of a medical artificial joint ball;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the helical horn of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the threaded hole of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a diamond-shaped microarray extrusion head;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a square microarray extrusion head;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a circular microarray extrusion head.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
example (b): referring to fig. 1-6, 101-extrusion handle, 102-ultrasonic transducer, 103-spiral horn, 104-microarray extrusion head, 105-induction coil, 106-stud, 201-spiral groove.
The technical scheme is that the method for preparing the micro texture on the surface of the medical artificial joint ball comprises the following steps:
a. establishing a microarray extrusion head 104 by combining the characteristics of the surface of the medical artificial joint ball, arranging mounting holes at the rear end of the microarray extrusion head 104, and uniformly arranging grinding columns at intervals at the front end of the microarray extrusion head 104;
b. arranging an ultrasonic transducer 102, wherein the rear end of the ultrasonic transducer 102 is connected with an extrusion tool handle 101, the front end of a spiral amplitude transformer 103 of the ultrasonic transducer 102 is connected with the rear end of a microarray extrusion head 104 through a stud 106, a spiral groove 201 is arranged on the spiral amplitude transformer 103, a torsion component is introduced on the basis of an ultrasonic vibration radial component, and a single excitation longitudinal-torsional resonance mode with a specific longitudinal-torsional vibration amplitude ratio is generated;
c. installing a grinding and extruding tool shank 101 on a tool rest of an aspheric lathe, connecting a medical artificial joint ball on a lathe chuck, operating the grinding and extruding tool shank 101 along with the lathe tool rest or a main shaft to drive a microarray grinding and extruding head 104 to feed and extrude in a radial direction, enabling the grinding and extruding tool shank 101 to play a role in supporting and rotating, converting electric power input at the position of an induction coil 105 into an ultrasonic mechanical vibration mode by an ultrasonic transducer 102, transmitting the vibration to the microarray grinding and extruding head 104 through a spiral amplitude transformer 103, and finally acting on the surface of the medical artificial joint ball;
d. the grinding and extruding tool shank 101 rotates around the sphere center of the workpiece to perform feeding motion, so that the grinding and extruding processing of the whole spherical surface is completed, and a micro-woven structure is processed.
The ultrasonic transducer 102 comprises piezoelectric ceramic pieces, copper electrodes, a spiral amplitude transformer 103 and an induction coil 105, the longitudinal polarization directions of the two adjacent piezoelectric ceramic pieces are opposite, the piezoelectric ceramic pieces are bonded through an adhesive after being purified, a spiral groove is formed in the end part of the spiral amplitude transformer, single-excited longitudinal vibration is converted into longitudinal-torsional vibration, and the longitudinal-torsional amplitude ratio is changed by changing the structural parameters of the spiral groove.
The grinding columns of the microarray grinding and extruding head 104 are diamond-shaped, square-shaped or circular, wherein the square grinding columns and the diamond-shaped grinding columns are processed by a slow-moving wire cutting machine, and the circular grinding columns are processed by electric spark reverse copying translational discharge. The diameter or side length of the grinding column is 100-; the micro-pit structure processed on the surface of the joint ball by using the grinding column has good oil storage and lubrication performance, and the texture scale of ultrasonic processing plays a bearing role. Different micro-woven structures can be formed according to the shape and the arrangement mode of the grinding columns, for example, a felt-shaped surface micro-texture can be formed, in addition, the machine tool can adopt an aspheric surface lathe, and can also adopt a five-axis machine tool, and the micro-woven structures are selected according to the requirements.
The medical artificial joint ball is made of titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V, and ultrasonic grinding and extrusion are carried out on the high-speed rotating component through different working modes, different vibration dimensions, different amplitudes, frequencies and powers; and simultaneously, cooling different types of cooling liquid with gradually quenched flow from small to large, and finally processing the surface micro texture on the joint ball.
Compared with the traditional superplastic deformation fine grain method for processing single bars, wires and plates, the ultrasonic grinding and extruding tool applied by the invention is more suitable for processing complex profiles such as the surface of an artificial joint ball; the preparation method of the surface microtexture combines the advantages of ultrasonic vibration cutting texture and microarray impressing, and can realize the controllability of the surface layer tissue state and the microtexture structure.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all simple modifications, equivalent variations and modifications made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A preparation method of a medical artificial joint ball surface microtexture comprises the following steps:
a. establishing a microarray extrusion head by combining the characteristics of the surface of the medical artificial joint ball, arranging mounting holes at the rear end of the microarray extrusion head, and uniformly arranging grinding columns at intervals at the front end of the microarray extrusion head; the grinding column is rhombic, square or circular, wherein the square grinding column and the rhombic grinding column are processed by a slow-moving wire cutting machine, and the circular grinding column is processed by electric spark reverse copying translational discharge; the diameter or side length of the grinding column is 100-; the micro-pit structure processed on the surface of the joint ball by using the grinding column has good oil storage and lubrication performance, and the texture scale of ultrasonic processing plays a bearing role;
b. arranging an ultrasonic transducer, wherein the rear end of the ultrasonic transducer is connected with an extrusion tool handle, the front end of a spiral amplitude transformer of the ultrasonic transducer is connected with the rear end of a microarray extrusion head through a stud bolt, a spiral groove is formed in the spiral amplitude transformer, a torsion component is introduced on the basis of an ultrasonic vibration longitudinal component, and a single excitation longitudinal-torsional resonance mode with a specific longitudinal-torsional vibration amplitude ratio is generated;
c. installing an extrusion tool shank on a tool rest or a main shaft of a machine tool, connecting a medical artificial joint ball on a chuck of the machine tool, wherein the extrusion tool shank runs along with the tool rest or the main shaft of the machine tool to drive a microarray extrusion head to feed and extrude in a radial direction, the extrusion tool shank plays a role in supporting and rotating, an ultrasonic transducer converts electric power input through an induction coil into an ultrasonic mechanical vibration form, the vibration is transmitted to the microarray extrusion head through a spiral amplitude transformer, and finally the ultrasonic transducer acts on the surface of the medical artificial joint ball;
d. the microarray grinding and extruding head rotates around the center of the workpiece to feed, and different types of cooling liquid with flow rates from small to large to rapid cooling is simultaneously used for cooling, so that the grinding and extruding processing of the whole spherical surface is completed, and a micro-woven structure is processed.
2. The method for preparing the micro-texture on the surface of the medical artificial joint ball as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the medical artificial joint ball is made of titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V, and ultrasonic grinding and extrusion are carried out on a high-speed rotating workpiece through different working modes, different vibration dimensions, different amplitudes, frequencies and powers.
3. The utility model provides a little texture processingequipment of medical artificial joint ball surface, includes ultrasonic transducer, characterized by: the end part of the spiral amplitude transformer of the ultrasonic transducer is provided with a spiral groove, the single-excited longitudinal vibration is converted into longitudinal-torsional vibration, the longitudinal-torsional amplitude ratio is changed by changing the structural parameters of the spiral groove, the rear end of the ultrasonic transducer is connected with the grinding and extruding tool shank, the front end of the spiral amplitude transformer is connected with the rear end of the microarray extrusion head through a stud bolt, the front end of the microarray extrusion head is uniformly provided with grinding columns at intervals, the grinding and extruding tool shank is arranged on a tool rest or a main shaft of a machine tool, the grinding and extruding tool shank runs along with the tool rest or the main shaft of the machine tool to drive the microarray grinding and extruding head to feed and extrude radially, the ultrasonic transducer converts electric power input through the induction coil into an ultrasonic mechanical vibration form, the vibration is transmitted to the microarray grinding and extruding head through the spiral amplitude transformer, and finally the microarray grinding and extruding tool shank acts on the surface of the medical artificial joint ball to process a micro-woven structure; the grinding columns are rhombic, square or circular, wherein the square grinding columns and the rhombic grinding columns are machined by a slow-moving wire cutting machine, and the circular grinding columns are machined by electric spark reverse copying translational discharge; the diameter or the side length of the grinding column is 100-; the micro-pit structure processed on the surface of the joint ball by using the grinding column has good oil storage and lubrication performance, and the texture scale of ultrasonic processing plays a bearing role.
4. The device for processing the micro-texture on the surface of the medical artificial joint ball as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the microarray grinding and extruding head rotates around the spherical center of the workpiece to perform feeding motion, so that grinding and extruding processing of the whole spherical surface is completed.
5. The device for processing the micro-texture on the surface of the medical artificial joint ball as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the medical artificial joint ball is made of titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V, and ultrasonic grinding and extrusion are carried out on a high-speed rotating workpiece through different working modes, different vibration dimensions, different amplitudes, frequencies and powers; and simultaneously, cooling different types of cooling liquid with gradually quenched flow from small to large, and finally processing the surface micro texture on the joint ball.
CN201810086520.7A 2018-01-30 2018-01-30 Preparation method and processing device of medical artificial joint ball surface microtexture Expired - Fee Related CN108188842B (en)

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CN106694932B (en) * 2017-03-11 2019-02-15 广州汇专工具有限公司 A kind of universal frequency matched is vertical-turn round composite ultraphonic vibration milling, drill unit
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