CN108184911A - 一种防治辣椒根腐病的药剂保护套及制备方法 - Google Patents

一种防治辣椒根腐病的药剂保护套及制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108184911A
CN108184911A CN201711424851.9A CN201711424851A CN108184911A CN 108184911 A CN108184911 A CN 108184911A CN 201711424851 A CN201711424851 A CN 201711424851A CN 108184911 A CN108184911 A CN 108184911A
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孙霞
史孝杰
王广现
孙莉
郭业民
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Shandong University of Technology
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种防治辣椒根腐病的药剂保护套及制备方法，其特征在于，弹性棉纤维和纸浆混合使用。其构成为折叠式及包括以下重量百分比的物质：甲壳素10%～30%，12%松脂酸铜乳油0.2%～5%，杀虫菊植物纤维及纸浆30%～60%，琥珀肥酸铜0.2%～5%，粘着剂1%～30%，羧甲基纤维素钠1%～10%，硝酸稀土1%～3%，金刚砂1%～3%，生物型防腐剂0.2%～2% 藻酸钠，甲基托布津0.2%～0.5%，着色剂0.025g/kg；保护套附有开口及绑丝，适合套入幼苗根部，所含药剂随辣椒根茎增粗而保护套展开缓慢释放，促使辣椒植株具有良好的抗逆增产性，抗病性以及耐低肥性，可以保护全周期生长，实现辣椒全生育期病害防治，促进辣椒实现高产栽培。

Description

一种防治辣椒根腐病的药剂保护套及制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于辣椒植保技术领域，尤其是涉及一种防治辣椒根腐病的药剂保护套及制备方法。
背景技术
辣椒根腐病也称为萎蔫病、烂秧病等,由烟草疫霉菌和尖孢镰刀菌引起，是近几年在日光温室内普遍发生的一种根部病害；多从始花期开始发生,为害植株根部，造成根部皮层腐烂,上部茎叶萎蔫死亡，严重地块的发病率高；在整个结瓜期均易发生该病，受浸染的部位主要是根茎部。发病初期，根茎部处出现水浸状病斑，病部逐减缢缩，茎内维管束变成褐色，但不向上发展，侧根无明显病症，而叶片表现出新叶叶缘变褐色并逐渐枯焦，叶片逐渐变黄；后期病部变糟，留下丝状褐色维管束，整株萎焉而枯死；高湿时，病部出现白色（或粉色）霉层；每年11月至翌年4月是日光温室辣椒根腐病多发的季节；病菌以卵孢子或菌丝体在土壤中存活，田间持水量在75%以上，地温15～18℃，最易发病；土壤中病菌从根部伤口侵入，借灌溉水传播蔓延，进行再浸染。高温、高湿利于发病，连作地、低洼地发病重。
发明内容
为解决上述问题，本发明提供了一种防治辣椒根腐病的药剂保护套及制备方法，所得辣椒植株具有良好的抗逆增产性，抗病性以及耐低肥性，可以保护辣椒全周期病害防治，促进辣椒高产栽培。
为实现上述目的，本发明采取的技术方案为：
1.本发明公开了一种防治辣椒根腐病的药剂保护套及制备方法，其特征在于，弹性棉纤维和纸浆混合使用；其构成为折叠式及包括以下重量百分比的物质：甲壳素10%～30%，12%松脂酸铜乳油0.2%～5%，杀虫菊植物纤维及纸浆30%～60%，琥珀肥酸铜0.2%～5%，粘着剂1%～30%，羧甲基纤维素钠1%～10%，硝酸稀土1%～3%，金刚砂1%～3%，生物型防腐剂0.2%～2%藻酸钠，甲基托布津0.2%～0.5%，着色剂0.025g/kg；在于分层加入营养剂，保护剂，杀菌剂和缓释剂，保水剂多层分布；首先将经过精选的弹性棉纤维加入甲壳素，纸浆杀虫菊植物纤维及纸浆；第二步，加入土壤改良剂剂，然后加入杀虫菊植物纤维及纸浆，琥珀肥酸铜等保护剂；第三步加入稀土，保水剂，防腐剂藻酸钠，山梨酸钾等，喷入杀虫菊植物纤维及纸浆起；最后，加入杀虫菊植物纤维及纸浆，防腐剂，粘着剂，然后加入金刚砂，染色剂，将保护套取出及时晒干或烘干，横向加入黏合剂，顺时折叠，然后将保护套包装；保护套附有开口及绑丝，适合套入幼苗根部，所含药剂随辣椒根茎增粗而保护套展开缓慢释放。
具体实施方式
对本发明进行进一步说明：
本发明辣椒优选实施例1.其特征在于，弹性棉纤维和纸浆混合使用；其构成为折叠式及包括以下重量百分比的物质：甲壳素30%，12%松脂酸铜乳油5%，杀虫菊植物纤维及纸浆37.5%，琥珀肥酸铜5%，粘着剂15%，羧甲基纤维素钠3%，硝酸稀土1%，金刚砂1%，生物型防腐剂2%藻酸钠，甲基托布津0.5%，着色剂0.025g/kg，分量不足有纸浆补充。
辣椒根腐病的药剂保护套及制备方法，其特征在于多层喷布，顺时折叠辣椒根腐病的药剂保护套制备方法过程：第一步，将经过精选的弹性棉纤维加入甲壳素，纸浆杀虫菊植物纤维及纸浆；第二步，加入土壤改良剂剂，然后加入杀虫菊植物纤维及纸浆，硫酸铜剂；第三步加入稀土，保水剂，防腐剂藻酸钠，山梨酸钾等，喷入杀虫菊植物纤维及纸浆起；最后，加入杀虫菊植物纤维及纸浆，防腐剂，粘着剂，然后加入金刚砂，染色剂，将保护套取出及时晒干或烘干，横向加入黏合剂，顺时折叠，然后将保护套真空包装；保护套附有开口及绑丝，适合套入幼苗根部，所含药剂随辣椒根茎增粗而保护套展开缓慢释放。
一般辣椒实施例2.辣椒根腐病的发病率为6.2%～18.3%，严重的温室发病率在45%以上，少数温室绝产，辣椒整个结瓜期均易发病，主要浸染根茎部，发病初期，叶片表现新叶边缘变褐色，逐渐枯焦，叶片逐渐变黄。根茎部表现开始水浸状，茎逐渐缢缩，维管束变褐，不向上发展，侧根无明显病状，后期病部变糟，留下丝状褐色维管束，整株萎蔫而枯死。
农业防治：多施优质有机肥，少冲施化肥；在整地时多施腐熟的有机肥，在辣椒生长期间用水冲施有机肥，适量少施化学肥料；深耕细作，合理间作，彻底消除病残体；采取精耕细作，间作不易发生根腐病的作物，收获后将病株体收拾干净火烧或深埋；采取夏天晒垡、高温闷棚的办法；在夏季休闲期，深耕晒垡，并利用夏季高温条件将日光温室用透明薄膜盖严，实行高温闷棚，杀死或钝化根腐病菌；选用抗病品种，采用‘工厂化无土育苗’及嫁接技术，增大根系，增强抗病能力，培植无菌壮苗。
大力推广采取垄上垄定植，多次培土，形成大垄背栽培法，以有利于调控水分供；结果期，切忌大水漫灌，采取小水勤浇方式；冬季 浇水时，要看天浇水，浇水后保持3～5晴天，提倡隔行浇水，即第一天浇2、4、6 行等，第二天浇1、3、5 行等；浇水后，要进行适当通风。
化学药剂防治：严格进行棚内土壤消毒，可采用五氯硝基苯，或多菌灵+ 乙磷铝等，一般667m2 施用药剂2～3Kg；封垄采取集中撒施药剂，可用根病根除、根茎保、杀毒矾等，667m2施用药剂量1Kg；对定植后结合封垄培土同时对辣椒苗进行三次药剂灌根，可选用根病根除600倍、多菌灵500倍、根茎保800 倍药液灌根，交替进行；结果期间视病情，及时进行药剂防治，可选77% 多宁500 倍，20% 普力克800 倍等药剂进行交替喷施。
由于上述技术方案的运用，本发明实施例1与现有技术实施例2相比具有下列优点：所得辣椒植株具有良好的抗逆增产性，抗病性以及耐低肥性，可以保护全周期生长，实现辣椒全生育期病害保护，促进辣椒栽培高产。
上述实施例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点，其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人士能够了解本发明的内容并加以实施，并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围，凡根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围。

Claims (3)

1.本发明公开了一种防治辣椒根腐病的药剂保护套及制备方法，其特征在于，弹性棉纤维和纸浆混合使用；其构成为折叠式及包括以下重量百分比的物质：甲壳素10%～30%，12% 松脂酸铜乳油0.2%～5%，杀虫菊植物纤维及纸浆30%～60%，琥珀肥酸铜0.2%～5%，粘着剂1%～30%，羧甲基纤维素钠1%～10%，硝酸稀土1%～3%，金刚砂1%～3%，生物型防腐剂0.2%～2%藻酸钠，甲基托布津0.2%～0.5%，着色剂0.025g/kg。
2.根据权利要求1所述的防治辣椒根腐病的药剂保护套及制备方法，其特征在于分层加入营养剂，保护剂，杀菌剂和缓释剂，保水剂多层分布；保护套附有开口及绑丝，适合套入幼苗根部，所含药剂随辣椒根茎增粗而保护套展开缓慢释放。
3.根据权利要求1所述的辣椒根腐病的药剂保护套及制备方法，其特征在于多层喷布，顺时折叠；辣椒根腐病的药剂保护套制备方法过程：第一步，将经过精选的弹性棉纤维加入甲壳素，纸浆杀虫菊植物纤维及纸浆；第二步，加入土壤改良剂剂，然后加入杀虫菊植物纤维及纸浆，铜制剂；第三步加入稀土，保水剂，防腐剂藻酸钠，山梨酸钾等，喷入杀虫菊植物纤维及纸浆起；最后，加入杀虫菊植物纤维及纸浆，防腐剂，粘着剂，然后加入金刚砂，染色剂，将保护套取出及时晒干或烘干，横向加入黏合剂，顺时折叠，然后将保护套包装。
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