CN108182310B - Method for setting road flat curve radius and safety speed limit in rainy region - Google Patents
Method for setting road flat curve radius and safety speed limit in rainy region Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for setting a road flat curve radius and a safety speed limit in a rainy region, which is used for constructing a road flat curve radius and safety speed limit calculation model suitable for the rainy region by considering the influence of rainy conditions on environmental visibility and road surface adhesion coefficient and combining parameters such as the road flat curve radius, speed, cross slope value and the like, and comprises the following steps: calculating the driving sight distance of the flat curve section; calculating the parking sight distance of the flat curve section; comparing the relation between the driving sight distance and the parking sight distance of the flat curve road section; constructing a road flat curve radius and speed limit setting calculation model; calibrating parameters of the road flat curve radius and the speed limit setting calculation model; comparing and analyzing the existing standard value and a safety speed limit model calculation value based on the sight distance; the comparison result of the existing standard value and the safety speed limit model calculation value based on the sight distance is utilized to set the road flat curve radius and the safety speed limit value in the rainy region, and the method has important significance for improving the driving safety under the rainy condition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of a road flat curve radius and safety speed limit setting method, in particular to a road flat curve radius and safety speed limit setting method in a rainy region.
Background
The design standard of roads in China is clearly specified, and in the planar linear design of the roads, no matter the size of a corner, a flat curve is required to be set. The flat curve is an important part of the road line shape, and compared with a road straight line section, the flat curve has the advantages of better terrain adaptability, recyclability, attractiveness, convenience in design and survey and the like, so that the flat curve is widely used. However, the proportion of the number of traffic accidents on the road flat curve section to the total number of accidents is high, and statistical data shows that the death rate of accidents on the road flat curve section accounts for 16.6% of the death rate of all accidents, wherein the number of accidents in rainy days and other weather conditions with low visibility accounts for 23.76% of the total accidents. The southeast coastal areas, the northeast areas and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze river of China all have higher rainfall intensity, so the road flat curve radius and the safety speed limit setting method in the rainy areas are particularly important for traffic safety.
A method for setting the radius of a flat curve of a road in a rainy region and a safety speed limit is provided based on the driving sight distance of a driver under the rainy condition, and a new optimization method is provided for design parameters and safety speed limit values of the flat curve road. The invention patent with application number 201610301312.5 provides a dynamic speed limiting method for an expressway, which comprises the steps of detecting abnormal weather by using a weather condition detection module, and obtaining a speed limiting value of a corresponding road section according to real-time data (including traffic condition data, visibility, a road surface friction coefficient, wind speed and wind direction); however, the speed limit value of the method does not consider the influence of the flat curve on the driving sight distance of the driver. The invention patent with the application number of 201611127681.3 provides an optimization method for road flat curve radius safety design based on a vehicle side-turning and side-sliding virtual test, which comprises the steps of constructing a driver-vehicle-target road section virtual test simulation platform, calculating a lateral acceleration ratio and a load transfer rate value, and determining the minimum flat curve radius of a target value function; however, the method does not consider the influence of weather factors on the parking sight distance, and the optimal radius value of the flat curve is difficult to accurately set only by adopting a single vehicle dynamic performance index.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to avoid the defects of the existing method, and provides a method for setting the radius of a flat curve of a road in a rainy area and the safety speed limit, so that the radius of the flat curve in the rainy area is more accurately optimized by using the driving sight distance of a driver, and the speed limit value of the flat curve under each rainy day condition is reasonably set.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for setting the radius of a road flat curve and the safety speed limit in a rainy region is characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) calculating the driving sight distance of the flat curve section;
(2) calculating the parking sight distance of the flat curve section;
(3) comparing the relation between the driving sight distance and the parking sight distance of the flat curve road section;
(4) constructing a road flat curve radius and speed limit setting calculation model;
(5) calibrating the parameters of the road flat curve radius and the speed limit setting calculation model;
(6) comparing and analyzing the existing standard value and a safety speed limit model calculation value based on the sight distance;
(7) and setting the radius of the road flat curve and the safety speed limit value in the rainy region by utilizing the comparison result of the existing standard value and the safety speed limit model calculation value based on the sight distance.
The method for setting the road flat curve radius and the safety speed limit in the rainy region is characterized in that: the step (1) of calculating the driving sight distance of the flat curve section comprises the steps of constructing a basic flat curve and analyzing the change condition of the driver's sight distance on the flat curve section, and specifically, the minimum driving sight distance of the driver is calculated as follows:
R1＝R-l1/2-b-nd-l2(2)
Rvehicle with wheels＝R-l1/2-b-3nd/4(3)
In the formula (1), StIs a flat curve minimum driving sight distance, RVehicle with wheelsRadius of vehicle running curve, R1The radius of the right side of the hard road shoulder is a flat curve;
in the formula (2), R is the radius of the flat curve, d is the width of the single lane, l1The width of the central dividing belt, the width of the left curb belt, and the width of the left curb belt2The width of the hard road shoulder is, and n is the number of one-way lanes;
specifically, the road length under normal line of sight of the flat curve section is calculated as follows:
in the formula (4), S is the road length at the normal visual range of the flat curve section.
The method for setting the road flat curve radius and the safety speed limit in the rainy region is characterized in that: the step (2) of calculating the flat curve section parking apparent distance comprises a reaction distance, a braking distance and a safety distance, and specifically, the flat curve section parking apparent distance is calculated as follows:
Ss＝S1+S2+S3(5)
in the formula (5), SsFor straight and curved road section, S1As reaction distance, S2For braking distance, S3Is the minimum safe distance;
in the formula (6), V is the design speed, and t is the reaction time of the driver;
in the formula (7), V is the design velocity, μ1And i is a road longitudinal adhesion coefficient, and i is a road cross slope value.
The method for setting the road flat curve radius and the safety speed limit in the rainy region is characterized in that: and (4) comparing the relationship between the driving sight distance and the parking sight distance of the flat curve section in the step (3), wherein the relationship comprises the road length corresponding to the driving sight distance of the driver and the road length of the driver under the visibility threshold value in rainy days, and the road length is larger than the length of a track which is traveled by the vehicle when the vehicle is parked.
The method for setting the road flat curve radius and the safety speed limit in the rainy region is characterized in that: the calculation model for setting the radius of the road flat curve and the speed limit in the step (4) comprises the driving sight distance of a driver and the visibility threshold value in rainy days, and specifically, the calculation model for setting the radius of the road flat curve and the speed limit is constructed as follows:
in the formula (8), V is the design speed, t is the driver reaction time, mu1Is the longitudinal adhesion coefficient of the road, i is the road cross slope value, S3Is the minimum safe distance, S is the road length under the normal visual range of the flat curve road section, SYIs the length of the road under the visibility threshold in rainy weather conditions.
The method for setting the road flat curve radius and the safety speed limit in the rainy region is characterized in that: in the step (5), the road flat curve radius and speed limit setting calculation model is subjected to parameter calibration, and the parameter calibration comprises a road cross slope value i, a single lane width d and a road adhesion coefficient mu1Left curb belt width b and central dividing belt width l1Driver reaction time t and minimum safety distance S3(ii) a Preferably, the road lateral slope value i is 8%, the road width d is 3.75m, and the road longitudinal adhesion coefficient μ1Respectively selecting 1, 0.8, 0.6, 0.4, 0.3 and 0.2, the width b of the left edge belt is 0.5m, and the width l of the central separating belt11m, 2.5m, minimum safe distance S3＝5m。
The method for setting the road flat curve radius and the safety speed limit in the rainy region is characterized in that: in the step (6), the existing standard value and the safety speed-limiting model calculation value based on the sight distance are compared and analyzed, the safety speed-limiting model calculation value comprises a flat curve section with an ultrahigh level and a flat curve section without the ultrahigh level, and specifically, the existing standard highest speed-limiting calculation model is constructed as follows:
in the formula (9), V is the design velocity, μ2For transverse forces of the roadThe coefficient i is a road cross slope value;
road lateral force coefficient calculated according to equation (10):
μ2＝(-4E-6)(160-200μ1)2+0.14μ1+0.0904(10)
in the formula (10), mu1Mu coefficient of longitudinal attachment of road2For the road lateral force coefficient, E-6 is 10-6。
The method for setting the road flat curve radius and the safety speed limit in the rainy region is characterized in that: and (7) setting the radius of the road flat curve and the safety speed limit value in the rainy region by using the comparison result of the existing standard value and the safety speed limit model calculation value based on the sight distance, wherein the setting comprises setting ultrahigh and non-ultrahigh flat curve line sections, the design radius limit values of the flat curves corresponding to different design speed line sections, and the safety speed limit value under the conditions of light rain, medium rain and heavy rainstorm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method can be used for guiding the optimization design of the radius value of the road flat curve in the rainy region, providing scientific theoretical support and technical support for road design normalizers, providing the safety speed limit value aiming at different rainfall intensities and achieving the purpose of ensuring the travel safety of drivers.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the calculation of the driving sight distance of the inner lane of the flat curve.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the comparison of the normative value of the superelevation flat curve and the speed limit value of the sight distance model.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the comparison of the combined speed limit value with the radius of the ultra-high flat curve and the cross slope value.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the comparison between the road specification value without the ultra-high flat curve and the model speed limit value.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the comparison between the outside road specification value without the ultra-high flat curve and the model speed limit value.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the speed limit comparison of the combination of the radius of the road without the ultra-high level curve and the cross slope value.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the speed limit value comparison of the combination of the radius of the road outside the ultrahigh flat curve and the cross slope value.
Detailed Description
The invention constructs a road flat curve radius and speed limit setting calculation model based on the road driving sight distance of a driver, compares the road flat curve radius and the speed limit setting calculation model with the existing standard value, and sets the road flat curve radius and the safety speed limit value in a rainy area by using the comparison result. The following describes the method for setting the radius of the road flat curve and the safety speed limit in the rainy region in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a flow chart of a method for setting a road flat curve radius and a safety speed limit in a rainy region disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps:
the driving sight distance on the flat curve is gradually reduced from the outer side to the inner side of the curve, and the driving sight distance is calculated from the lane at the inner side of the flat curve, as shown in fig. 2, the minimum driving sight distance of a driver is calculated as follows:
R1＝R-l1/2-b-nd-l2(2)
Rvehicle with wheels＝R-l1/2-b-3nd/4(3)
In the formula (1), StIs a flat curve minimum driving sight distance, RVehicle with wheelsRadius of vehicle running curve, R1The radius of the right side of the hard road shoulder is a flat curve;
in the formula (2), R is the radius of the flat curve, d is the width of the single lane, l1The width of the central dividing belt, the width of the left curb belt, and the width of the left curb belt2The width of the hard road shoulder is, and n is the number of one-way lanes;
specifically, the road length under normal line of sight of the flat curve section is calculated as follows:
in the formula (4), S is the road length at the normal visual range of the flat curve section.
Step 2, calculating the parking sight distance of the flat curve road section:
the parking sight distance is the shortest driving distance required by a driver to safely stop the vehicle before the driver reaches an obstacle from the time when the driver sees the obstacle ahead while the vehicle is driving at a certain speed. The parking apparent distance is composed of a reaction distance, a braking distance and a safety distance. The reaction distance refers to the distance traveled by the automobile from the moment when the driver finds an obstacle ahead and the braking measure is taken through decision-making to the moment when the brake of the automobile starts to work. The braking distance is the distance the vehicle travels from the moment the brake is started to the time the vehicle comes to a complete stop.
The flat curve section parking apparent distance is calculated as follows:
Ss＝S1+S2+S3(5)
in the formula (5), SsFor straight and curved road section, S1As reaction distance, S2For braking distance, S3Is the minimum safe distance;
in the formula (6), V is the design speed, and t is the reaction time of the driver;
in the formula (7), V is the design velocity, μ1And i is a road longitudinal adhesion coefficient, and i is a road cross slope value.
Step 3, comparing the relation between the driving sight distance and the parking sight distance of the flat curve road section:
the comparison of the driving sight distance and the parking sight distance means that the road length corresponding to the driving sight distance of the driver is larger than the length of the track where the vehicle is parked. The blind area when the driver is driving in the flat curve is comparatively showing, causes the driver tension easily, in order to guarantee the driving safety of vehicle in the flat curve, except need to guarantee the safe distance with the vehicle in the front, still should guarantee sufficient driving apparent distance.
The visibility threshold refers to the minimum value to which the visibility may be reduced due to the influence of rainfall intensity of the driver, as shown in table 1. Strong rainfall conditions in a short time have a more remarkable influence on visibility, and in addition, a water curtain splashed on a nearby lane is in rainfall; factors such as the fact that the rain wiper cannot clean water drops on the front windshield in time can cause the driver to have a blurred vision, and meanwhile the perception accuracy of the visible distance is reduced.
TABLE 1 rainfall intensity and visibility thresholds
Step 4, constructing a road flat curve radius and speed limit setting calculation model:
the sight distance speed limiting model in the vehicle driving process on the flat curve section is the length S of a visibility road under the influence of rainy daysYWhen the road length S is less than the road length S under the normal sight distance of the flat curve road section, the reference S is givenYCalculating the limiting radius or speed of the limiting flat curve; similarly, the visibility road length S under the influence of rainy daysYWhen the distance is larger than the road length S under the normal sight distance of the flat curve section, the radius or the speed of the ultimate flat curve is calculated according to the distance S, and the calculation process is as follows:
in the formula (8), V is the design speed, t is the driver reaction time, mu1Is the longitudinal adhesion coefficient of the road, i is the road cross slope value, S3Is the minimum safe distance, S is the road length under the normal visual range of the flat curve road section, SYIs the length of the road under the visibility threshold in rainy weather conditions.
Step 5, calibrating parameters of the road flat curve radius and speed limit setting calculation model:
the highway route design Specification (JTG D20-2006) of China stipulates that the maximum cross slope value of a highway and a first-level highway in a general region cannot exceed 10 percent, the maximum cross slope value of other roads at all levels cannot exceed 8 percent, the maximum cross slope value of a snow-frozen region cannot exceed 6 percent, the cross slope value of a road i is 8 percent, and the width l of a hard shoulder20.5m, 3.75m for single lane width d, 0.5m for left edge band width b, and l for central dividing band width11m, 2.5m, minimum safe distance S3Computational validation was performed at 5 m.
TABLE 2 road adhesion coefficient μ for each weather1Respectively selecting 1, 0.8, 0.6, 0.4, 0.3 and 0.2, selecting asphalt pavement examples to calculate and analyze a constructed model, wherein the thickness of the rainstorm water film exceeds 4mm in heavy rainfall weather and reaches the value range of the thickness of the rainstorm water film in the table 2, so that the road adhesion coefficient in each weather meets the requirements of asphalt pavements of different types.
TABLE 2 road adhesion coefficient in rainy days
Step 6, comparing and analyzing the existing standard value and a safety speed limit model calculation value based on the sight distance:
the existing standard maximum speed limit calculation model is constructed as follows:
in the formula (9), V is the design velocity, μ2Is the road transverse force coefficient, i is the road transverse slope value;
road lateral force coefficient calculated according to equation (10):
μ2＝(-4E-6)(160-200μ1)2+0.14μ1+0.0904(10)
in the formula (10), mu1Mu coefficient of longitudinal attachment of road2For the road lateral force coefficient, E-6 is 10-6。
The road design specifications specify that the minimum radius of a circular curve is divided into three types: the circular curve is not provided with the ultrahigh minimum radius, and the ultrahigh minimum radius general value and the ultrahigh minimum radius limit value are set. When the curve radius of the road design specification is smaller than the minimum radius without the superelevation, the curve section should be superelevation at this time. Longitudinal adhesion coefficient mu1Respectively selecting sunny and rainy weather conditions for simulation comparison analysis, wherein the comparison result of the standard value of the ultrahigh flat curve and the speed limit value of the sight distance model is shown in figure 3; the comparison result of the combined speed limit value of the radius of the ultrahigh flat curve and the cross slope value is shown in figure 4; the comparison result between the road specification value without the ultra-high flat curve and the model speed limit value is shown in fig. 5; the comparison result of the road specification value and the model speed limit value without the ultra-high flat curve is shown in fig. 6; the comparison result of the combined speed limit value without the ultra-high level curve inner side road radius and the cross slope value is shown in fig. 7; the comparison result of the combined speed limit value without the ultra-high level curve outside road radius and the cross slope value is shown in fig. 8.
And 7, setting the radius of the road flat curve and the safety speed limit value in the rainy region by utilizing the comparison result of the existing standard value and the safety speed limit model calculation value based on the sight distance:
according to the simulation comparison result, the design parameter limit adopted value of the road section of the flat curve is only designed and calibrated from the perspective of a vehicle body dynamic formula, and the requirement of the driving sight distance of a driver under adverse weather conditions is not fully considered, so that the design parameter of the road section of the flat curve can be optimized according to the result of the solution of the model of the sight distance of the flat curve, and the reasonable speed limit value of the road flat curve under different rainy days is obtained. The results of the speed limit are shown in tables 3 and 4.
TABLE 3 set ultra-high flat curve speed limit
TABLE 4 No super-flat curve limit
In summary, the invention relates to a method for setting the radius of a flat curve and the safety speed limit of a road in a rainy region, which calculates the parking sight distance of a flat curve section by calculating the driving sight distance of the flat curve section; comparing the driving sight distance and the parking sight distance of the flat curve section to construct a road flat curve radius and speed limit setting calculation model; calibrating the parameters of the road flat curve radius and speed limit setting calculation model, and comparing the existing standard value with the model calculation value based on the sight distance; and setting the radius of the road flat curve and the safety speed limit value in the rainy region by utilizing the comparison result of the existing standard value and the model calculation value based on the sight distance. Therefore, the design of a flat curve road in a rainy area is perfected, and the effect of ensuring safe driving of a driver and a vehicle is achieved.
The above embodiments and drawings are not intended to limit the form and style of the present invention, and any suitable changes or modifications thereof by those skilled in the art should be considered as not departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for setting the radius of a road flat curve and the safety speed limit in a rainy region is characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) calculating the driving sight distance of the flat curve section;
(2) calculating the parking sight distance of the flat curve section;
(3) comparing the relationship between the driving sight distance and the parking sight distance of the flat curve road section;
(4) constructing a road flat curve radius and speed limit setting calculation model;
(5) calibrating the parameters of the road flat curve radius and the speed limit setting calculation model;
(6) comparing and analyzing the existing standard value and a safety speed limit model calculation value based on the sight distance;
(7) setting the radius of a road flat curve and a safety speed limit value in a rainy region by utilizing the comparison result of the existing standard value and the safety speed limit model calculation value based on the sight distance;
the step (1) of calculating the driving sight distance of the flat curve section comprises the steps of constructing a basic flat curve and analyzing the change condition of the driver's sight distance on the flat curve section, and specifically, the minimum driving sight distance of the driver is calculated as follows:
R1＝R-l1/2-b-nd-l2 (2)
Rvehicle with wheels＝R-l1/2-b-3nd/4 (3)
In the formula (1), StIs a flat curve minimum driving sight distance, RVehicle with wheelsRadius of vehicle running curve, R1The radius of the right side of the hard road shoulder is a flat curve;
in the formula (2), R is the radius of the flat curve, d is the width of the single lane, l1The width of the central dividing belt, the width of the left curb belt, and the width of the left curb belt2The width of the hard road shoulder is, and n is the number of one-way lanes;
specifically, the road length under normal line of sight of the flat curve section is calculated as follows:
in the formula (4), S is the road length of a flat curve section under normal sight distance;
the step (2) of calculating the flat curve section parking apparent distance comprises a reaction distance, a braking distance and a safety distance, and specifically, the flat curve section parking apparent distance is calculated as follows:
Ss＝S1+S2+S3 (5)
in the formula (5), SsFor straight and curved road section, S1As reaction distance, S2For braking distance, S3Is the minimum safe distance;
in the formula (6), V is the design speed, and t is the reaction time of the driver;
in the formula (7), V is the design velocity, μ1And i is a road longitudinal adhesion coefficient, and i is a road cross slope value.
2. The method for setting the radius of the road flat curve and the safety speed limit in the rainy region according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and (4) comparing the relationship between the driving sight distance and the parking sight distance of the flat curve section in the step (3), wherein the relationship comprises the road length corresponding to the driving sight distance of the driver and the road length of the driver under the visibility threshold value in rainy days, and the road length is larger than the length of a track which is traveled by the vehicle when the vehicle is parked.
3. The method for setting the radius of the road flat curve and the safety speed limit in the rainy region according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the calculation model for setting the radius of the road flat curve and the speed limit in the step (4) comprises the driving sight distance of a driver and the visibility threshold value in rainy days, and specifically, the calculation model for setting the radius of the road flat curve and the speed limit is constructed as follows:
in the formula (8), V is the design speed, t is the driver reaction time, mu1Is the longitudinal adhesion coefficient of the road, i is the road cross slope value, S3Is the minimum safe distance, S is the road length under the normal visual range of the flat curve road section, SYIs the length of the road under the visibility threshold in rainy weather conditions.
4. The method for setting the radius of the road flat curve and the safety speed limit in the rainy region according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the step (5) is carried out on the roadThe flat curve radius and speed limit setting calculation model is used for calibrating parameters including a road cross slope value i, a single lane width d and a road adhesion coefficient mu1Left curb belt width b and central dividing belt width l1Driver reaction time t and minimum safety distance S3(ii) a Road transverse slope value i is 8%, road width d is 3.75m, and road longitudinal adhesion coefficient mu1Respectively selecting 1, 0.8, 0.6, 0.4, 0.3 and 0.2, the width b of the left edge belt is 0.5m, and the width l of the central separating belt11m, 2.5S, minimum safe distance S3＝5m。
5. The method for setting the radius of the road flat curve and the safety speed limit in the rainy region according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step (6), the existing standard value and the safety speed-limiting model calculation value based on the sight distance are compared and analyzed, the safety speed-limiting model calculation value comprises a flat curve section with an ultrahigh level and a flat curve section without the ultrahigh level, and specifically, the existing standard highest speed-limiting calculation model is constructed as follows:
in the formula (9), V is the design velocity, μ2Is the road transverse force coefficient, i is the road transverse slope value;
road lateral force coefficient calculated according to equation (10):
μ2＝(-4E-6)(160-200μ1)2+0.14μ1+0.0904 (10)
in the formula (10), mu1Mu coefficient of longitudinal attachment of road2For the road lateral force coefficient, E-6 is 10-6。
6. The method for setting the radius of the road flat curve and the safety speed limit in the rainy region according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and (7) setting the radius of the road flat curve and the safety speed limit value in the rainy region by using the comparison result of the existing standard value and the safety speed limit model calculation value based on the sight distance, wherein the setting comprises setting ultrahigh and non-ultrahigh flat curve line sections, the design radius limit values of the flat curves corresponding to different design speed line sections, and the safety speed limit value under the conditions of light rain, medium rain and heavy rainstorm.
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