CN108182310A - Area of heavy rainfull road radius of horizontal curve and safety speed-limit setting method - Google Patents
Area of heavy rainfull road radius of horizontal curve and safety speed-limit setting method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of area of heavy rainfull road radius of horizontal curve and safety speed-limit setting methods, consider influence of the rainy day condition to environment visibility, coefficient of road adhesion, with reference to parameters such as road radius of horizontal curve, speed, horizontal slope values, a kind of suitable area of heavy rainfull road radius of horizontal curve and safety speed-limit computation model are built, is included the following steps:Calculate Horizontal Curve Sections driving sight distance;Calculate Horizontal Curve Sections stopping sight distance;To the carry out relation pair ratio of Horizontal Curve Sections driving sight distance and stopping sight distance;It builds road radius of horizontal curve and computation model is set with speed limit;Parameter calibration is carried out to road radius of horizontal curve and speed limit setting computation model;Existing normal value and the safety speed-limit model calculation value based on sighting distance are compared and analyzed;Using existing normal value and the safety speed-limit model calculation value comparing result based on sighting distance, area of heavy rainfull road radius of horizontal curve and safety speed-limit value are configured, are of great significance to the traffic safety under the conditions of the raising rainy day.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to road radius of horizontal curve and safety speed-limit setting method field, specifically a kind of area of heavy rainfull roads
Radius of horizontal curve and safety speed-limit setting method.
Background technology
China's highway layout specification clearly stipulate that road horizontal alignment design in, no matter corner size, should all set
Horizontal curve.Horizontal curve is road alignment important component, compared to road straightway, there is preferable terrain adaptability, can
The property followed, aesthetics and convenient for design survey the advantages that, so the use of horizontal curve is very extensive.However road Horizontal Curve Sections
On traffic accident number account for total number of accident ratio it is higher, statistical data statistics indicate that, accident occurs in road Horizontal Curve Sections
The death rate account for the 16.6% of whole accident death rates, wherein the relatively low weather condition of the visibility such as rainy day, which issues, makes trouble therefore number accounts for
The 23.76% of total accident.It is strong that the area such as China southeastern coastal areas, the Northeast and middle and lower reach of Yangtze River suffers from larger rainfall
Degree, therefore area of heavy rainfull road radius of horizontal curve and safety speed-limit setting method are particularly important traffic safety.
Driving sight distance based on driver under the conditions of the rainy day proposes a kind of area of heavy rainfull road radius of horizontal curve and safety
Speed limit setting method provides new optimization method for horizontal curve highway layout parameter and safety speed-limit value.Application No. is
201610301312.5 patent of invention propose a kind of highway dynamic method for limiting speed, utilize the detection of weather conditions detection module
Anomalous weather is obtained according to real time data (including traffic state data, visibility, surface friction coefficient and wind speed and direction)
The speed limit of corresponding road section;But this method speed limit value does not consider influence of the horizontal curve to driver drives vehicle sighting distance.Application No. is
201611127681.3 patent of invention proposes a kind of the radius of the level curves of road safety based on vehicle rollover sideslip virtual test
The optimization method of design, build driver-vehicle-target road section Virtual Simulation Experiment Platform, calculate lateral acceleration ratio rate with
Load transfer rate value determines the radius of horizontal curve of target value function minimum;But this method does not consider weather conditions to stopping sight distance
Influence, be difficult to accurately set horizontal curve optimal radius value only with single car dynamic performance index.
Invention content
The purpose of the invention is to avoid the shortcoming present in above-mentioned existing method, a kind of area of heavy rainfull road is provided
Road radius of horizontal curve and safety speed-limit setting method, to be carried out using driver drives vehicle sighting distance to area of heavy rainfull radius of horizontal curve
More accurate optimization, and the speed limit of horizontal curve under the conditions of each rainy day is rationally set.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of area of heavy rainfull road radius of horizontal curve and safety speed-limit setting method, it is characterised in that:It specifically includes following
Step:
(1), Horizontal Curve Sections driving sight distance is calculated;
(2), Horizontal Curve Sections stopping sight distance is calculated;
(3), to the carry out relation pair ratio of Horizontal Curve Sections driving sight distance and stopping sight distance;
(4), road radius of horizontal curve and speed limit setting computation model are built;
(5), parameter calibration is carried out to the road radius of horizontal curve and speed limit setting computation model;
(6), existing normal value and the safety speed-limit model calculation value based on sighting distance are compared and analyzed;
(7), using the existing normal value and the safety speed-limit model calculation value comparing result based on sighting distance, to rainy
Regional road radius of horizontal curve and safety speed-limit value are configured.
The area of heavy rainfull road radius of horizontal curve and safety speed-limit setting method, it is characterised in that:The step
(1) Horizontal Curve Sections driving sight distance is calculated in and includes structure basic model horizontal curve, analysis driver becomes in Horizontal Curve Sections sighting distance
Change situation, specifically, driver's minimum driving stadia computation are as follows:
R1=R-l1/2-b-nd-l2(2)
RVehicle=R-l1/2-b-3nd/4(3)
In formula (1), StFor horizontal curve minimum driving sight distance, RVehicleSweep, R are travelled for vehicle1For the horizontal curve hardened verge right side
Side radius;
In formula (2), R is radius of horizontal curve, and d is bicycle road width, l1For central strip bandwidth, b is left side side trip
Width, l2For hardened verge width, n is unidirectional number of track-lines;
Specifically, the link length under Horizontal Curve Sections normal viewing distance calculates as follows:
In formula (4), S is the link length under Horizontal Curve Sections normal viewing distance.
The area of heavy rainfull road radius of horizontal curve and safety speed-limit setting method, it is characterised in that:The step
(2) Horizontal Curve Sections stopping sight distance is calculated in and includes reaction distance, braking distance and safe distance, specifically, Horizontal Curve Sections
Stopping sight distance calculates as follows:
Ss=S1+S2+S3(5)
In formula (5), SsFor Horizontal Curve Sections stopping sight distance, S1For reaction distance, S2For braking distance, S3For minimum safe
Distance;
In formula (6), V is desin speed, and t is time of driver's reaction;
In formula (7), V is desin speed, μ1For road longitudinal and additional forces, i is road horizontal slope value.
The area of heavy rainfull road radius of horizontal curve and safety speed-limit setting method, it is characterised in that:The step
(3) to the carry out relation pair ratio of Horizontal Curve Sections driving sight distance and stopping sight distance in, the driving sight distance including driver is corresponding
The link length of link length and driver under rainy day condition threshold of visibility, all should be greater than the rail that vehicle parking is passed by
Mark length.
The area of heavy rainfull road radius of horizontal curve and safety speed-limit setting method, it is characterised in that:The step
(4) structure road radius of horizontal curve includes the driving sight distance of driver and rainy day condition visibility with speed limit setting computation model in
Threshold value, specifically, road radius of horizontal curve build as follows with speed limit setting computation model:
In formula (8), V is desin speed, and t is time of driver's reaction, μ1For road longitudinal and additional forces, i is road horizontal stroke
Slope value, S3For minimum safe distance, S is the link length under Horizontal Curve Sections normal viewing distance, SYFor rainy day condition threshold of visibility
Under link length.
The area of heavy rainfull road radius of horizontal curve and safety speed-limit setting method, it is characterised in that:The step
(5) parameter calibration is carried out to the road radius of horizontal curve and speed limit setting computation model in, including road horizontal slope value i, bicycle
Road width d, road-adhesion coefficient μ1, left side curb bandwidth b, central strip bandwidth l1, time of driver's reaction t and minimum
Safe distance S3;Preferably, road horizontal slope value i=8%, road width d=3.75m, road longitudinal and additional forces μ1It chooses respectively
1,0.8,0.6,0.4,0.3,0.2, left side curb bandwidth b=0.5m, central strip bandwidth l1When=1m, driver's reaction
Between t=2.5m, minimum safe distance S3=5m.
The area of heavy rainfull road radius of horizontal curve and safety speed-limit setting method, it is characterised in that:The step
(6) existing normal value and the safety speed-limit model calculation value based on sighting distance are compared and analyzed in, including being equipped with the flat of superelevation
Curve section and the Horizontal Curve Sections for being not provided with superelevation, specifically, existing specification Maximum speed limit computation model structure are as follows:
In formula (9), V is desin speed, μ2For road cornering ratio, i is road horizontal slope value;
The road cornering ratio calculated by formula (10):
μ2=(- 4E-6) (160-200 μ1)2+0.14μ1+0.0904(10)
In formula (10), μ1For road longitudinal and additional forces, μ2For road cornering ratio, E-6 10-6。
The area of heavy rainfull road radius of horizontal curve and safety speed-limit setting method, it is characterised in that:The step
(7) using the existing normal value and the safety speed-limit model calculation value comparing result based on sighting distance in, to area of heavy rainfull road
Radius of horizontal curve and safety speed-limit value are configured, including setting superelevation and being not provided with the Horizontal Curve Sections of superelevation, different designs
Safety speed-limit under the conditions of the design radial limiting value and light rain of horizontal curve corresponding to speed segment, moderate rain, heavy or torrential rain
Value.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
The present invention can be used in instructing the optimization design of area of heavy rainfull road radius of horizontal curve value, be highway layout specification person
The theory support of offer science and technical support, and safety speed-limit value is provided for different rainfall intensities, reach guarantee and driven
The purpose of member's safety.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 calculates schematic diagram for horizontal curve fast lane driving sight distance.
Fig. 3 is equipped with superelevation horizontal curve normal value and sight distance model speed limit contrast schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is to combine speed limit contrast schematic diagram with horizontal slope value equipped with superelevation radius of horizontal curve.
Fig. 5 is does not set roadway specification value and model speed limit contrast schematic diagram on the inside of superelevation horizontal curve.
Fig. 6 is does not set roadway specification value and model speed limit contrast schematic diagram on the outside of superelevation horizontal curve.
Fig. 7 combines speed limit contrast schematic diagram not set road radius on the inside of superelevation horizontal curve with horizontal slope value.
Fig. 8 combines speed limit contrast schematic diagram not set road radius on the outside of superelevation horizontal curve with horizontal slope value.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is based on driver's road travel sighting distance, structure road radius of horizontal curve sets computation model with speed limit, and
It compares with existing normal value, area of heavy rainfull road radius of horizontal curve and safety speed-limit value is configured using comparing result.
Area of heavy rainfull road radius of horizontal curve and safety speed-limit setting method are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1, for a kind of area of heavy rainfull road radius of horizontal curve disclosed by the invention and safety speed-limit setting method
Flow chart, include the following steps:
Step 1 calculates Horizontal Curve Sections driving sight distance:
Driving sight distance on horizontal curve calculates driving by being continuously decreased on the outside of curve to inside, from horizontal curve fast lane and regards
Away from as shown in Fig. 2, driver's minimum driving stadia computation is as follows:
R1=R-l1/2-b-nd-l2(2)
RVehicle=R-l1/2-b-3nd/4(3)
In formula (1), StFor horizontal curve minimum driving sight distance, RVehicleSweep, R are travelled for vehicle1For the horizontal curve hardened verge right side
Side radius;
In formula (2), R is radius of horizontal curve, and d is bicycle road width, l1For central strip bandwidth, b is left side side trip
Width, l2For hardened verge width, n is unidirectional number of track-lines;
Specifically, the link length under Horizontal Curve Sections normal viewing distance calculates as follows:
In formula (4), S is the link length under Horizontal Curve Sections normal viewing distance.
Step 2 calculates Horizontal Curve Sections stopping sight distance:
During stopping sight distance refers to that vehicle is travelled with certain speed, driver is from being seen front obstacle, until reaching barrier
Secure parking stops required most short operating range before hindering object.Stopping sight distance is by reaction distance, braking distance and safe distance group
Into.After wherein reaction distance refers to the obstruction that driver has found front, when taking this of brake measure by decision decision
It is carved into the distance that automobile is travelled in this period of the brake start-up operation of vehicle.Braking distance refers to automobile from brake
The start-up operation moment stops the distance travelled in this period to vehicle completely.
Horizontal Curve Sections stopping sight distance calculates as follows:
Ss=S1+S2+S3(5)
In formula (5), SsFor Horizontal Curve Sections stopping sight distance, S1For reaction distance, S2For braking distance, S3For minimum safe
Distance;
In formula (6), V is desin speed, and t is time of driver's reaction;
In formula (7), V is desin speed, μ1For road longitudinal and additional forces, i is road horizontal slope value.
Step 3, the carry out relation pair ratio to Horizontal Curve Sections driving sight distance and stopping sight distance:
Driving sight distance link length more corresponding than the driving sight distance for referring to driver with stopping sight distance relation pair should be greater than vehicle
The passed by path length of parking.Blind area of the driver in horizontal curve when driving is more notable, be easy to cause driver's anxiety,
In order to ensure traffic safety of the vehicle in horizontal curve, in addition to being necessary to ensure that the safe distance with front vehicles, it also should ensure that and fill
The driving sight distance of foot.
Threshold of visibility refers to influence of the driver due to rainfall intensity, the minimum value that visibility may be down to such as 1 institute of table
Show.Intense rainfall condition in short time has visibility more significant impact, in addition, closing on what is splash on track during rainfall
Water curtain;Windshield wiper fails the factors such as the droplet cleaned out in time on front windshield and leads to pilot's line of vision to obscure, together
When the perceived accuracy of visibility distance is reduced.
1 rainfall intensity of table and threshold of visibility
Step 4, structure road radius of horizontal curve and speed limit setting computation model:
Sighting distance speed limit math model under Horizontal Curve Sections in vehicle travel process refers to the visibility road under the influence of the rainy day
Length SYIt, will be according to S during less than link length S under Horizontal Curve Sections normal viewing distanceYCome calculate limit horizontal curve limit radius or
Speed;Similarly, the visibility link length S under the influence of the rainy dayYMore than the link length S under Horizontal Curve Sections normal viewing distance
When, limit radius of horizontal curve or speed will be calculated according to S, calculating process is as follows:
In formula (8), V is desin speed, and t is time of driver's reaction, μ1For road longitudinal and additional forces, i is road horizontal stroke
Slope value, S3For minimum safe distance, S is the link length under Horizontal Curve Sections normal viewing distance, SYFor rainy day condition threshold of visibility
Under link length.
Step 5 carries out parameter calibration to road radius of horizontal curve and speed limit setting computation model:
China《Specification of the highway route design》The general regional highway of (JTG D20-2006) regulation and Class I highway are most
Big horizontal slope value is no more than 10%, other highways at different levels are no more than 8%, for accumulated snow frost region then no more than 6%, road
Road horizontal slope value i=8%, hardened verge width l2For 0.5m, bicycle road width d=3.75m, left side curb bandwidth b=0.5m, in
Central median width l1=1m, time of driver's reaction t=2.5m, minimum safe distance S3=5m carries out calculating verification.
Road-adhesion coefficient μ under each weather described in table 211,0.8,0.6,0.4,0.3,0.2 is chosen respectively, selects pitch
Road surface example carries out calculating analysis to structure model, and under heavy showers weather, rain film thickness more than 4mm, has reached sudden and violent in table 2
The value range of rainwater film thickness, so the road-adhesion coefficient under each weather is satisfied by different types of bituminous paving.
2 rainy day of table road-adhesion coefficient
Step 6 compares and analyzes existing normal value and the safety speed-limit model calculation value based on sighting distance:
Existing specification Maximum speed limit computation model structure is as follows:
In formula (9), V is desin speed, μ2For road cornering ratio, i is road horizontal slope value;
The road cornering ratio calculated by formula (10):
μ2=(- 4E-6) (160-200 μ1)2+0.14μ1+0.0904(10)
In formula (10), μ1For road longitudinal and additional forces, μ2For road cornering ratio, E-6 10-6。
Highway layout specification provides that the least radius of circular curve is divided into three kinds:Circular curve does not set the least radius of superelevation, if
Put the general value of superelevation least radius and limiting value.When the sweep of road design specification is less than the least radius for not setting superelevation
When, at this point, curved section should set superelevation.Longitudinal and additional forces μ1Fine day is chosen respectively carries out simulation comparison with rainy weather condition
Analysis, it is as shown in Figure 3 equipped with superelevation horizontal curve normal value and sight distance model speed limit comparing result;Equipped with superelevation radius of horizontal curve
It is as shown in Figure 4 that speed limit comparing result is combined with horizontal slope value;Roadway specification value and model speed limit on the inside of superelevation horizontal curve are not set
Comparing result is as shown in Figure 5;It is as shown in Figure 6 that roadway specification value and model speed limit comparing result on the outside of superelevation horizontal curve are not set;
Not setting on the inside of superelevation horizontal curve road radius, with horizontal slope value to combine speed limit comparing result as shown in Figure 7;Superelevation horizontal curve is not set
It is as shown in Figure 8 that outside road radius with horizontal slope value combines speed limit comparing result.
Step 7, using existing normal value and the safety speed-limit model calculation value comparing result based on sighting distance, to area of heavy rainfull
Road radius of horizontal curve and safety speed-limit value are configured:
According to simulation comparison as a result, Horizontal Curve Sections design parameter limit adopted value only from vehicle body dynamics formula angle into
Row design calibration, does not fully consider the requirement of driver drives vehicle sighting distance under the conditions of adverse weather, so according to horizontal curve sighting distance mould
Type solve as a result, can be optimized to Horizontal Curve Sections design parameter, and obtain road horizontal curve in the case of the different rainy days
Reasonable speed limit.Speed limit result is as shown in table 3 and table 4.
Table 3 sets superelevation horizontal curve speed limit
Table 4 is not provided with superelevation horizontal curve speed limit
In conclusion a kind of area of heavy rainfull road radius of horizontal curve of the present invention and safety speed-limit setting method,
Horizontal Curve Sections stopping sight distance is calculated by calculating Horizontal Curve Sections driving sight distance;Utilize Horizontal Curve Sections driving sight distance and parking
Sighting distance relation pair ratio, structure road radius of horizontal curve set computation model with speed limit;To the road radius of horizontal curve and limit
Speed setting computation model parameter calibration, compares existing normal value and the model calculation value based on sighting distance;Using described existing
Normal value carries out area of heavy rainfull road radius of horizontal curve and safety speed-limit value with the model calculation value comparing result based on sighting distance
Setting.The effect of so as to play the horizontal curve highway layout for improving area of heavy rainfull, ensure driver and vehicle safe driving.
The product form and pattern of above-described embodiment and diagram and the non-limiting present invention, it is any to belong to the common of technical field
The appropriate variation or modification that technical staff does it all should be regarded as not departing from the patent category of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of area of heavy rainfull road radius of horizontal curve and safety speed-limit setting method, it is characterised in that:Specifically include following step
Suddenly:
(1), Horizontal Curve Sections driving sight distance is calculated;
(2), Horizontal Curve Sections stopping sight distance is calculated;
(3), to the carry out relation pair ratio of Horizontal Curve Sections driving sight distance and stopping sight distance;
(4), road radius of horizontal curve and speed limit setting computation model are built;
(5), parameter calibration is carried out to the road radius of horizontal curve and speed limit setting computation model;
(6), existing normal value and the safety speed-limit model calculation value based on sighting distance are compared and analyzed;
(7), using the existing normal value and the safety speed-limit model calculation value comparing result based on sighting distance, to area of heavy rainfull
Road radius of horizontal curve and safety speed-limit value are configured.
2. road radius of horizontal curve in area of heavy rainfull according to claim 1 and safety speed-limit setting method, it is characterised in that:
Horizontal Curve Sections driving sight distance is calculated in the step (1) and includes structure basic model horizontal curve, driver is in horizontal curve for analysis
Section sighting distance situation of change, specifically, driver's minimum driving stadia computation are as follows:
R1=R-l1/2-b-nd-l2 (2)
RVehicle=R-l1/2-b-3nd/4 (3)
In formula (1), StFor horizontal curve minimum driving sight distance, RVehicleSweep, R are travelled for vehicle1It is on the right side of horizontal curve hardened verge half
Diameter;
In formula (2), R is radius of horizontal curve, and d is bicycle road width, l1For central strip bandwidth, b is left side curb bandwidth,
l2For hardened verge width, n is unidirectional number of track-lines;
Specifically, the link length under Horizontal Curve Sections normal viewing distance calculates as follows:
In formula (4), S is the link length under Horizontal Curve Sections normal viewing distance.
3. road radius of horizontal curve in area of heavy rainfull according to claim 1 and safety speed-limit setting method, it is characterised in that:
Horizontal Curve Sections stopping sight distance is calculated in the step (2) and includes reaction distance, braking distance and safe distance, specifically,
Horizontal Curve Sections stopping sight distance calculates as follows:
Ss=S1+S2+S3 (5)
In formula (5), SsFor Horizontal Curve Sections stopping sight distance, S1For reaction distance, S2For braking distance, S3For minimum safe distance;
In formula (6), V is desin speed, and t is time of driver's reaction;
In formula (7), V is desin speed, μ1For road longitudinal and additional forces, i is road horizontal slope value.
4. road radius of horizontal curve in area of heavy rainfull according to claim 1 and safety speed-limit setting method, it is characterised in that:
To the carry out relation pair ratio of Horizontal Curve Sections driving sight distance and stopping sight distance in the step (3), the driving including driver
The link length of the corresponding link length of sighting distance and driver under rainy day condition threshold of visibility, all should be greater than vehicle parking
The path length passed by.
5. road radius of horizontal curve in area of heavy rainfull according to claim 1 and safety speed-limit setting method, it is characterised in that:
Structure road radius of horizontal curve includes driving sight distance and the rainy day of driver with speed limit setting computation model in the step (4)
Condition threshold of visibility, specifically, road radius of horizontal curve build as follows with speed limit setting computation model:
In formula (8), V is desin speed, and t is time of driver's reaction, μ1For road longitudinal and additional forces, i is road horizontal slope value,
S3For minimum safe distance, S is the link length under Horizontal Curve Sections normal viewing distance, SYFor under rainy day condition threshold of visibility
Link length.
6. road radius of horizontal curve in area of heavy rainfull according to claim 1 and safety speed-limit setting method, it is characterised in that:
Parameter calibration is carried out to the road radius of horizontal curve and speed limit setting computation model in the step (5), including road horizontal stroke
Slope value i, bicycle road width d, road-adhesion coefficient μ1, left side curb bandwidth b, central strip bandwidth l1, driver reaction when
Between t and minimum safe distance S3;Preferably, road horizontal slope value i=8%, road width d=3.75m, road longitudinal and additional forces
μ11,0.8,0.6,0.4,0.3,0.2, left side curb bandwidth b=0.5m, central strip bandwidth l are chosen respectively1=1m, it drives
The person's of sailing reaction time t=2.5m, minimum safe distance S3=5m.
7. road radius of horizontal curve in area of heavy rainfull according to claim 1 and safety speed-limit setting method, it is characterised in that:
Existing normal value and the safety speed-limit model calculation value based on sighting distance are compared and analyzed in the step (6), including setting
There are the Horizontal Curve Sections of superelevation and be not provided with the Horizontal Curve Sections of superelevation, specifically, existing specification Maximum speed limit computation model structure
It builds as follows:
In formula (9), V is desin speed, μ2For road cornering ratio, i is road horizontal slope value;
The road cornering ratio calculated by formula (10):
μ2=(- 4E-6) (160-200 μ1)2+0.14μ1+0.0904 (10)
In formula (10), μ1For road longitudinal and additional forces, μ2For road cornering ratio, E-6 10-6。
8. road radius of horizontal curve in area of heavy rainfull according to claim 1 and safety speed-limit setting method, it is characterised in that:
Using the existing normal value and the safety speed-limit model calculation value comparing result based on sighting distance in the step (7), to more
Rain area road radius of horizontal curve and safety speed-limit value are configured, including setting superelevation and being not provided with the horizontal curve road of superelevation
Section, under the conditions of the design radial limiting value of horizontal curve corresponding to different designs speed segment and light rain, moderate rain, heavy or torrential rain
Safety speed-limit value.
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CN109543149A (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2019-03-29 | 东南大学 | A kind of rainy day bituminous pavement safe-stopping sight distance calculation method |
CN109722963A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-05-07 | 东南大学 | A kind of road alignment design method towards automatic Pilot |
CN109993988A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-07-09 | 吉林大学 | Variable speed-limit control system and method under a kind of highway ice and snow weather |
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