CN108179669A - Frozen earth roadbed thermal protection struc ture body and its cooling means - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of frozen earth roadbed thermal protection struc ture body and its cooling means, it is characterised in that：Thermal protection struc ture body is made of multilayer ventilation duct, funnel-shaped ventilation duct, hole shape ventilating board, heat insulation and heat control material, roadbed structures, weatherability coating etc.；Its cooling means includes double-layer ventilation tube method, three layers of ventilation tube method, funnel-shaped ventilation tube method, sun-proof falling temperature method, hole shape ventilating board method, coating process.Present invention construction is easier, and construction effect is higher.Use that the cost of material is low, weatherability is strong, and service life is long.It can be widely applied in the Sichuan-Tibet railway, ever-frozen ground railway and highway newly built, comprehensive reduction roadbed temperature, extend the service life of roadbed, improve the stability of roadbed and train, the safety of running car.

Description

Frozen earth roadbed thermal protection struc ture body and its cooling means

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of a kind of application technology of road structure more particularly to permafrost area embankment structure necks Domain.

Background technology

On July 1st, 2006, Qinghai-Tibet Railway are open to the traffic operation.Absolutely prove that China scientific research personnel is designing, building Cheng Zhong overcomes ever-frozen ground, severe cold region, three big world technical barrier of ecology fragility, achieves great achievement！

One of key technology of above-mentioned innovation is to be laid with slabstone (a diameter of 20cm of slabstone in roadbed bottom and roadbed both sides ~25cm, preferably 22cm), and can be cooled down 2 DEG C~3 DEG C with the U-shaped roadbed that this slabstone surrounds.More than ten years go over. 《Western part of China Environment Change is assessed》In, scholars have studied plateau climate because industrializing the influence with human living activity, in advance To be increased again by surveying future 50 years temperature by 2.2 DEG C~2.6 DEG C！How following raised 2.2 DEG C~2.6 DEG C temperature is reduced again into generation Criticality problem.

" many evidences show that global warming is causing the degeneration of some regional ever-frozen ground ", this " roadbed lower part The stability that the variation of Permafrost Thermal will directly influence railway bed, so that the long-term operation face of Qinghai-Tibet Railway Face grave danger "！

Invention content

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of frozen earth roadbed thermal protection struc ture body, by forming the buildings of roadbed, entirely Orientation reduces the temperature of roadbed and roadbed substrate, is lifted the upper limit of ever-frozen ground temperature；It is overall to the thermal protection struc ture body of offer Cost bottom, roadbed service life are long.Second object of the present invention be to provide it is a kind of be both frozen earth roadbed thermal protection struc ture body and It is the solar structure plate body that solar thermal energy is converted into electric energy.Third object of the present invention is to provide a kind of construction frozen soil road The process of base thermal protection struc ture body so that construction material derives from a wealth of sources, and constructs materials adaptation to local conditions, construction is relatively simple, borrows To improve the stability of subgrade in permafrost soil zone.

The purpose of the present invention is what is realized by following technical solution：

A kind of frozen earth roadbed thermal protection struc ture body and its cooling means, thermal protection struc ture body by earth's surface (1), banket (2), logical Air hose (3), hole shape ventilating board (4), slabstone (5), crushed-gravel (6), concrete bodies (7), sunshading board canopy (8), geosynthetics (9), dope layer (10), dope layer (11), roadbed structures (12), stovepipe (13), component (14), cap body (15), sun-proof drop Two or more object compositions in warm body (16)：

The individual layer ventilation duct (3) is perforated ventilation pipe or not perforated ventilation pipe；

The ventilation duct (3) is individual layer ventilation duct, two layers of ventilation duct, two layers every one kind in stone ventilation duct；

The top of the ventilation duct (3) is connected with one end of stovepipe (13), and the other end of stovepipe (13) passes through component (14) connected with cap body (15), the upper face of stovepipe (13), the surface of component (14), cap body (15) surface be dope layer (10) or dope layer (10) and dope layer (11) it is, whole to form funnel-shaped ventilation duct；

The hole shape ventilating board (4) be with foam glass board, polystyrene board, extruded sheet, polyurethane sheet, polyethylene board or Modified poly ethylene plate, polyvinyl chloride panel, slabstone, concrete slab, metallic plate, glass plate, plastic plate, thermal insulation board, SPUA plate of material, A kind of plate or one, two or more plank in STP plates, aerogel plate, composite panel, solar panels are made to ventilation Hole shape plate；

The concrete bodies (7) are the objects for being made and being used for roadbed by concrete, including concrete component, concrete Stake, concrete column, concrete slab, concrete ventilation duct, concrete block for water channel, concrete guard wall, concrete tie, without tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. rail Road, armored concrete, high performance concrete, lightweight concrete and its structure；

The sunshading board canopy (8) is with concrete bodies (7), component (14), sun-proof cooling body (16) or hole shape ventilating board (4) The plate canopy body built；

The geosynthetics (9) is with Material synthesis polymer such as plastics, chemical fibre, synthetic rubber and for roadbed Civil engineering material, including geotechnological grease coating material layer；Fabric, geomembrane, earthwork composite material；

The dope layer (10) is sun-proof High tailored coating layer or heat-insulating waterproof coating layer；

The dope layer (11) is weatherability resin coating layer；

The roadbed structures (12) are the objects for forming roadbed, including the objects such as (plain fill, miscellaneous fill), stone, wood that banket Body and the roadbed body being made of embankment, cutting, road surface, central partition etc. and the object being made of drainage equipment, safeguard；

The component (14) be it is a kind of for connecting, fixing and the parts and components of stress object, component have it is useful, available, Quality, adaptation, replaceable, transplantable attribute；It is metal component, concrete component, plastic member, stone material structure by material division One or more of part, wood members, foam glass component；It is flexural member, compression member, tension by stress characteristic division Component, torsion member, bending component, supporting member；It is cushion block, cover board, baffle, press strip, pillar, branch by shape and purposes division Frame, stick, pipe, bar, hinge, screw rod, nut etc.；

The sun-proof cooling body (16) is in a part of hole shape ventilating board (4), slabstone (5), crushed-gravel (6), concrete bodies (7), on the surface of geosynthetics (9), into dope layer (10) or dope layer (10) and dope layer are applied as with applying coating (11), it is formed with dope layer (10) or hole shape ventilating board (4) with dope layer (10) and dope layer (11), slabstone (5), broken Gravel (6), concrete bodies (7), geosynthetics (9)；

The crushed-gravel (6) is rubble, the mixing building stones of one or more of broken gravel, gravel；

What is applied on the thermal insulating door thermally insulated door surface of ventilation duct (3) two-port is dope layer (10) or dope layer (10) and coating Layer (11)；

The cooling means implemented to roadbed be individual layer ventilation tube method, double-layer ventilation tube method, it is double-deck every stone divulge information tube method, It is funnel-shaped ventilation tube method, tube sheet interval method, heat insulation and heat control body method, hole shape ventilating board method, a kind of cool-down method in coating process or The cool-down method that two or more methods are combined：

The individual layer ventilation tube method, by more ventilation ducts (3) along road-trend, road is equidistantly embedded in by transverse horizontal direction On base same plane, the both ends of ventilation duct (3) are stretched out respectively other than roadbed tailo, Schattenseite；

Two layers of ventilation tube method, by more ventilation ducts (3) along road-trend, is equidistantly buried successively by transverse horizontal direction It is embedded in roadbed substrate, roadbed middle and lower part in the middle part of roadbed substrate, roadbed or successively；

Divulge information tube method every stone for described two layers, by more ventilation ducts (3) along road-trend, by transverse horizontal direction equidistantly according to It is secondary to be embedded in roadbed substrate, roadbed middle part or be embedded in roadbed substrate, roadbed middle and lower part successively, then one is laid between two layers of ventilation duct Layer rubble is laid with one layer of cobble；

Ventilation duct (3) and stovepipe (13), component (14) are connected into three by the funnel-shaped ventilation tube method with cap body (15) General formula ventilation duct, the three way type ventilation duct are placed perpendicular in the perpendicular of horizontal positioned ventilation duct (3), and more funnel-shaped Ventilation duct is equidistantly embedded on roadbed, the top of stovepipe (13), component (14), cap along road-trend by transverse horizontal direction The two-port of body (15) and ventilation duct (3) is stretched out other than roadbed tailo or other than Schattenseite, upper face, the structure of stovepipe (13) The surface of part (14), the surface of cap body (15) are coated with sunshade thermal insulation dope layer (10) or coating dope layer (10) and dope layer (11)；

The tube sheet interval method, by more ventilation ducts (3) and multiple row hole shape ventilating board (4) along road-trend, and by horizontal stroke A ventilation duct (3) is first laid with to horizontal direction, re-lays a row hole shape ventilating board (4), is next laid with a ventilation duct (3), a row hole shape ventilating board (4) ... is re-layed, a row hole shape ventilating board (4), two row hole shape ventilations are laid between two pipes A ventilation duct (3) is laid between plate (4), alternate laying, is equidistantly embedded on roadbed successively；

The sun-proof cooling body method, including individual layer finishing, double-deck finishing and mechanical application material method；

Individual layer finishing：It is applied, in dip-coating in aerial spraying, airless spraying, electrostatic spraying, brushing, roller coating, roller coating, electrophoresis Select a kind of coating process；It is described it is sun-proof cooling body (16) coating process and method be：Piece uploading ---->Pre-treatment ---->It is de- Water is dried ---->Cooling ---->Apply powder (paint) powder --->Powder (paint drying) cures ---->Cooling ---->Inspection Test ---->Lower part；A part of hole shape ventilating board (4), slabstone (5), rubble (6), concrete bodies (7), geotechnique are synthesized in factory Material (9) by sorting, cleaning, drying and processing, is then sequentially sent to coating chamber successively, is placed on the grid beam of coating case or rolls On barrel type support frame, in hole shape ventilating board (4), slabstone (5), crushed-gravel (6), concrete bodies (7), geosynthetics (9) Surface sprays heat insulation and water resistance layer or the sun-proof High tailored coating layer (10) of spraying with apneumatic spraying method, is re-fed into drying box and dries successively, It is finally taken out successively from drying box, completes product painting, become sun-proof cooling body (16), transport subgrade construction scene to；It or will A part of hole shape ventilating board (4), slabstone (5), crushed-gravel (6), concrete bodies (7), geosynthetics (9) are successively through excessive Then inspection, cleaning, drying and processing are sequentially sent to spray and dry dual-purpose room or pass sequentially through auto spray painting drying production line completion product Application becomes sun-proof cooling body (16), then transports product to subgrade construction scene；Another manufacturing method be at the construction field (site), By a part of hole shape ventilating board (4), slabstone (5), crushed-gravel (6), concrete bodies (7), geosynthetics (9) successively through excessive Inspection, cleaning treatment, are then sequentially sent to simple coating chamber, are placed on the grid beam of coating case or on drum-type supporting rack, use is quiet EFI coating sprays heat insulation and water resistance layer or sun-proof High tailored coating layer (10), then is sequentially sent to drying box drying, finally from drying box In take out successively, become it is sun-proof cooling body (16), it is spare；If there is no drying box equipment at the construction field (site), first by a part of hole Shape ventilating board (4), slabstone (5), crushed-gravel (6), concrete bodies (7), geosynthetics (9) are successively by sorting, at cleaning Reason, is then sequentially sent to simple coating chamber, is placed on the grid beam of coating case or on drum-type supporting rack, by spread coating, according to Secondary brushing heat insulation and water resistance layer or sun-proof High tailored coating layer, completes individual layer application, finally from the grid beam of coating case or drum-type It is taken out successively on supporting rack, is sent into airing in the builder's temporary shed of ventilation；

Double-deck finishing：I.e. two layers of finishing, lower floor apply sun-proof High tailored coating or heat-insulating waterproof coating up and down, and upper strata applies Apply weatherability cold coating；First by hole shape ventilating board (4), slabstone (5), crushed-gravel (6), concrete bodies (7), geosynthetics (9) surface heat-insulating waterproof coating or sun-proof High tailored coating apply dope layer (10) successively, complete lower floor's application, then with weather-proof Property cold coating apply dope layer (11) successively, complete upper strata application, it is front and rear to complete double-deck application；

Mechanical application material method：It is a kind of application of the application machinery by coating material spraying or cast on a surface of an The material of method, spraying or cast is SPUA, concrete slurry, bonding sizing material, coating etc., and the material layer of coating is referred to as coating Layer；

The hole shape ventilating board method, first with foam glass board, polystyrene board, extruded sheet, polyurethane sheet, polyethylene board or Modified poly ethylene plate, polyvinyl chloride panel, slabstone, concrete slab, metallic plate, plastic plate, composite panel, glass plate, thermal insulation board, It is carried on one side made of a kind of plate or one, two or more plank in SPUA plate of material, STP plates, aerogel plate, solar panels The plate of groove type, then by with groove type plate be placed on or build on one side roadbed tailo, Schattenseite, roadbed bottom of slope earth's surface on, It is even placed in roadbed substrate so that surround direct ventilation with slope surface, slope foot ground, ground, roadbed substrate surface below groove Wind-tunnel, the shape of wind-tunnel can be cave dwelling shape, the shape of a hoof, part-elliptical, zigzag, triangle, square, rectangle etc. Regular shape or irregular shape；

The sandwich method is that one or both of dope layer, aerogel layer, STP plate layers are clipped in SPUA material layers, hole Method in shape ventilating board layer, concrete layer, geosynthetic layer；

The coating process, be aerial spraying, airless spraying, electrostatic spraying, brushing, roller coating or roller coating, electrophoresis apply, cast, A kind of coating process in dip-coating.

The sun-proof High tailored coating is insulating moulding coating, a kind of coating in adiabatic coating, heat radiation coating.

The weatherability resin coating layer is fluorine resin coating polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride, fluoroolefins-ethylene A kind of coating in base ether copolymer, polyvinyl fluoride, poly(perfluoropropene) (being followed successively by PTFE, PVDF, FEVE, PVF, FEP) coating Layer.

The present invention has the advantage that is with effect：

(1), roadbed material used is gathered materials on the spot as possible, can minimize transport costs or reduce freight；

(2), roadbed material used as possible using weatherability it is strong, derive from a wealth of sources, the material that price is relatively cheap, and reach Building standard and quality requirement；

(3), construction method relative ease；Construction method is comprehensive strong, and construction effect is higher；

(4), funnel-shaped ventilation tube method makes non-uniform temperature between roadbed tailo and Schattenseite that hot situation difference be caused to become smaller, and makes Roadbed base reservoir temperature reduces；Sunshading board canopy body make lid roadbed base reservoir temperature reduce；

(5), rubble, slabstone with sun-proof High tailored coating layer make the reduction of roadbed internal temperature；

(6), two layers ventilation tube method or two layers every stone divulge information tube method, make roadbed base reservoir temperature reduction；

(7), hole shape ventilating board method reduces slope surface, roadbed substrate, roadbed sole, surface temperature；

(8), tube sheet interval method makes the reduction of roadbed base reservoir temperature；

(9), the comprehensive upper limit for being lifted roadbed frozen soils temperature for many years improves the stabilization of subgrade in permafrost soil zone on the whole Property；

(10), roadbed totality advantage of lower cost, roadbed service life extend.

Above-mentioned concept belongs to the content with exemplary in nature with next illustrate, it is intended to this is further described The claim of invention.Other purposes related to this, feature and advantage, will below in the embodiment of cooperation attached drawing plus To elaborate.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 a are the horizontal section schematic diagrams of railway bed embedment ventilation duct (3).

Fig. 1 b are the longitudinal profile schematic diagrams of railway bed embedment ventilation duct (3).

Fig. 1 c are railway bed embedment ventilation duct (3) and the horizontal section schematic diagram for piling up bank protection slabstone.

Fig. 2 a are the horizontal section schematic diagrams of railway bed embedment pipe and embedment slabstone.

Fig. 2 b are the horizontal section schematic diagrams of railway bed embedment pipe and embedment cobble.

Fig. 3 is that railway bed pipe laying, heap build rubble, the horizontal section schematic diagram for keeping flat plank.

Fig. 4 a are the horizontal section schematic diagrams of railway bed embedment tube sheet.

Fig. 4 b are the longitudinal profile schematic diagrams of railway bed embedment tube sheet.

Fig. 4 c are the local longitudinal profile enlarged diagrams in Fig. 4 b.

Fig. 5 a are the horizontal section schematic diagrams that roadbed is embedded to two layers of pipe.

Fig. 5 b are the longitudinal profile schematic diagrams that roadbed is embedded to two layers of pipe.

Fig. 6 a are the horizontal section schematic diagrams that roadbed is embedded to two layers of pipe and metalling.

Fig. 6 b are the longitudinal profile schematic diagrams that roadbed is embedded to two layers of pipe and metalling.

Fig. 7 a are the horizontal section schematic diagrams that roadbed buries funnel-shaped ventilation duct.

Fig. 7 b are the longitudinal profile schematic diagrams that roadbed buries funnel-shaped ventilation duct.

Fig. 8 is roadbed embedment slabstone and the horizontal section schematic diagram for being embedded to sun-proof cooling body.

Fig. 9 is roadbed embedment cobble and the horizontal section schematic diagram for being embedded to sun-proof cooling body.

Figure 10 is the horizontal section schematic diagram of the sun-proof cooling body (16) of roadbed substrate embedment.

Figure 11 a are that a kind of hole shape ventilating board (4) faces diagrammatic cross-section.

Figure 11 b are a kind of backsight diagrammatic cross-sections of hole shape ventilating board (4).

Figure 11 c are a kind of status diagrams in kind of hole shape ventilating board (4).

Figure 12 a are that another hole shape ventilating board (4) faces diagrammatic cross-section.

Figure 12 b are the backsight diagrammatic cross-sections of another hole shape ventilating board (4).

Figure 12 c are the status diagrams in kind of another hole shape ventilating board (4).

Figure 13 is the horizontal section schematic diagram that roadbed slope places hole shape ventilating board (4).

Figure 14 is the horizontal section schematic diagram of embedding sun-proof cooling body (16) under roadbed earth's surface.

Figure 15 is the horizontal section schematic diagram that roadbed substrate is laid with geosynthetics (9).

Figure 16 is the horizontal section schematic diagram of roadbed side-hill fill.

Figure 17 is the horizontal section schematic diagram of roadbed cutting.

Figure 18 is the horizontal section schematic diagram of railway ballastless track.

Figure 19 is the horizontal section schematic diagram of roadbed both sides discharge conduit.

Figure 20 is the horizontal section schematic diagram of Buried culvert under roadbed formula sunshading board canopy (8).

Figure 21 is the horizontal section schematic diagram of the sun-proof formula sunshading board canopy (8) of roadbed.

Figure 22 is the horizontal section schematic diagram of roadbed ventiation type sunshading board canopy (8).

Figure 23 is the horizontal section schematic diagram that hole shape ventilating board (4) is placed around roadbed.

Invention specific embodiment

Below with reference to accompanying drawings, a kind of frozen earth roadbed thermal protection struc ture body of preferred embodiment according to the present invention is illustrated And its cooling means.

The attached drawing that the present invention provides, simply to illustrate that the schematic diagram of each embodiment, is not practical work piece figure or product Structure chart.Therefore, it is not necessary to exhaustive illustrates the present invention, it is also unnecessary to limit application protection domain of the invention.Only For purpose that is succinct, clearly describing, the element of similarly the same structure or identical function is represented with Arabic numerals in the accompanying drawings Symbol, this is also the technological means that this field those skilled in the art usually use, and is avoided with screw rod, nut, washer, fastener etc. The component symbol of specific parts, which is enumerated, to be repeated.

Embodiment 1

Fig. 1 a are the horizontal section schematic diagrams of railway bed embedment ventilation duct (3).Fig. 1 b are roadbed embedment ventilation ducts (3) Longitudinal profile schematic diagram.Fig. 1 C are railway bed embedment ventilation duct (3) and the horizontal section schematic diagram for piling up bank protection slabstone.By figure 1a, can be in railway mileage near DK1025+400 kilometers, thickness is filled in earth's surface (1) in Qinghai-Tibet Railway clear water river test section The slabstone (5) of 30cm, grain size 10cm~20cm, and fill along roadbed center both sides 4% gradient；Again one thickness 40cm of making, The slabstone (5) of grain size 15cm~40cm；Ventilation duct (3) is laid on 0.7m on embankment bottom surface along roadbed section transverse horizontal direction Place, ventilation duct (3) are managed using UPVC, and clear spacing of the caliber between Φ 400mm, Guan Yuguan is 0.50m；Continue in ventilation duct (3) Upper one thickness of making is 30cm, grain size 5cm~15cm crushed-gravels (6)；It is filled banket (2) on crushed-gravel (6).

It is 20cm~40cm to be deposited in slope foot and slope foot nearby width be the grain size of 2m~15m slabstones (5), thickness be 0.8m~ 1.2m.Slabstone (5) is also referred to as block stone (5), and slabstone (5) not block the ventilation duct nozzle for stretching out slope surface, may refer to Fig. 1 b.Pipe In front of mouthful the nozzle outside sunny and shady slope should be just being stretched out with putting in 2m~15m long near roadbed slope foot there are ventilation air duct Earth's surface on slabstone (5) in nozzle between, should be all logical in the pipe inside and outside roadbed to make there are certain ventilation distance Wind.Ventilation duct is stretched out into sunny and shady slope 2m~15m in Fig. 1 a, is at least stretching out the surface of ventilation duct (3) of slope surface and slabstone (5) Surface with dope layer (10) be ZS-221 type sunshade thermal insulation coating.The film layer thickness of dope layer (10) is 0.30mm~0.6mm. A coating layer (11) can also be applied again on dope layer (10), which is F-C paint, is that weatherability resin applies Material, is fluorine resin coating or F-C paint, specifically polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride, fluoroolefins-vinyl ethers is common A kind of coating in polymers, polyvinyl fluoride, poly(perfluoropropene) (being PTFE, PVDF, FEVE, PVF, FEP successively) coating.Dope layer Color white, grey, nearly green stone color, matched color etc. may be selected.This method of constructing roadway advantageously reduces earth's surface near slope foot Temperature.

Fig. 1 C are railway bed embedment ventilation duct (3) and the horizontal section schematic diagram for piling up bank protection slabstone.With Fig. 1 a, Fig. 1 b Content it is just the same, on the ventilation duct (3) for stretching out slope surface and dope layer (10) on bank protection, berm slabstone (5) also with Fig. 1 a, Fig. 1 b it is just the same.

Fig. 1 C can be used as another embodiment to implement：Difference with Fig. 1 a, Fig. 1 b has been paved in slope surface with similary The slabstone (5) of overlay (10)；Bank protection ragstone layer (5) thickness 1.5m on tailo, bank protection ragstone layer (5) thickness 1.0m on Schattenseite；Both sides Berm width 2m (is not drawn) in Fig. 1 C, and slabstone (5) thickness is 0.8m~1.2m.Implementing area can be in Chumaer river DK1045 Location near+000, roadbed bottom width 27.5m, both sides berm width 2m, roadbed top width 8.2m, roadbed height 5.2m, side slope rate 1: 1.5。

The implementation result of embodiment 1

The implementation result of embodiment 1 is：ZS-221 type sunshade thermal insulations on year-on-year existing ventilation duct (3) and on slabstone (5) Dope layer can reduce by 2 DEG C~3 DEG C or so of temperature on slabstone (5) under 10 DEG C~12 DEG C of environment temperature of summer；Winter, piece In addition stone (5) not only reflected sunlight, but also promote the flowing of cold air the ventilation ducts (3) stretched out outside sunny and shady slopes and is embedded in piece more The gas of the ventilation Bottomhole pressure of stone (5) below constantly takes away the heat of long 2m~15m earth's surfaces near slope foot both sides, contributes to whole Body reduces the temperature of roadbed substrate.

Above structure and paving method make the foundation soil body below ventilation pipe foundation center that will be in long-term frozen state, and And on the whole without the distribution in zero temperate zone, the temperature with depth is substantially below comparison section.

Embodiment 2

Embodiment 2 actually includes two embodiments of Fig. 2 a, Fig. 2 b successively：Respectively railway road is represented with Fig. 2 a, Fig. 2 b Base embedment pipe and embedment slabstone, cobble horizontal section schematic diagram embodiment.

By Fig. 2 a, the bottom of (2) of banketing inside roadbed is first laid with a synusia stone (5), then by single perforated ventilation pipe (3) it is embedded on the slabstone (5) of bottom along roadbed section transverse horizontal, diameter 0.15m~0.45m of slabstone (5)；Continue to be laid with piece Stone (5), the thickness for making slabstone (5) are 1.0m~1.5m.It is filled inside roadbed again banket (2), while left and right laying thickness 0.8m The bank protection synusia stone (5) of~1.2m.For ventilation duct (3) using C30 pipe of concretes, the internal-and external diameter of pipe is respectively Φ 52mm, Φ 600mm, pipe thickness 80mm, the ventilation hole aperture on tube wall are 100mm, percent opening 20%.Clear spacing between Guan Yuguan For 0.50m or 0.60m.The pipe of concrete of a section 1m long can be docked (more incidentally：Every perforated ventilation pipe (3) ventilation hole on is not drawn in Figure of description).Dope layer is carried on the surface for stretching out the ventilation duct (3) of slope surface (10) it is ZS-221 type sunshade thermal insulation coating, paint film thickness 0.30mm~0.6mm.Piled up in earth's surface near slope foot wide 30m, The slabstone (5) of thick 0.8m~1.2m, slabstone (5) not block air hose nozzle, may refer to Fig. 1 b.Nature can be installed on nozzle additional Wind collecting port windward makes wind collecting port always towards wind direction, and nozzle front should reserve ventilation air duct.And it can be installed additional certainly in air outlet Dynamic temperature control door.When summer is calm, the thermal insulating door thermally insulated door of ventilation duct nozzle is closed.The material of thermal insulating door thermally insulated door is the material of hole shape ventilating board (4), The surface of thermal insulating door thermally insulated door is also dope layer (10) or dope layer (10) and dope layer (11).

Fig. 2 b are the horizontal section schematic diagrams of roadbed embedment pipe and cobble, are another embodiments.

Compared with Fig. 2 a, Fig. 2 b are very clear：By inside Fig. 2 a roadbeds slabstone (5), stretch out slope surface ventilation duct above and below Slabstone (5) changes the cobble in Fig. 2 b in roadbed structures (12) or the sandstone or sand in roadbed structures (12) into successively, Its condition remains unchanged, and is exactly Fig. 2 b, i.e. another embodiment.

Banket the cobble that the bottom of (2), both sides Slopes portion are laid in upper roadbed structures (12) inside Fig. 2 b roadbeds, The diameter of cobble is identical with the diameter of slabstone (5)；Roadbed structures (12) on slope surface ventilation duct stacked on top of one another are stretched out in figure 2b In sandstone or sand (no longer stacking sandstone in the upper surface with dope layer pipe).Rest part specific implementation explanation also with figure The explanation of 2a is identical, and details are not described herein again.

The implementation result of Fig. 2 a

Fig. 2 a are as one embodiment, according to being shown in the detection data of Qinghai-Tibet Railway roadbed laid inside experiment in the past, Roadbed laid inside slabstone (5) substantially into it is U-shaped itself, low 1 DEG C~3 DEG C during temperature when not being laid with slabstone (5).Ventilation duct (3) there is dope layer (10) on surface, no longer covers slabstone (5), can reduce the temperature stretched out in ramp portion pipe；Thermal insulating door thermally insulated door surface Dope layer (10) or dope layer (10) and dope layer (11) can reduce the temperature of both ends nozzle on year-on-year basis.Summer closes nozzle both ends A relatively closed air air column body is formd after thermal insulating door thermally insulated door, in pipe, after testing, the ZS-221 types on the thermal insulating door thermally insulated door at both ends are prevented Insulating moulding coating is shone, " during summer direct sunlight, can reduce by 25 DEG C of body surface temperature or more, cloudy day and night can drop Temperature 5 DEG C or more or be reduced to consistent with atmospheric temperature ".Such as under 10 DEG C~12 DEG C of environment temperature of cold area's summer, reduction is stretched Go out 2 DEG C~3 DEG C of the temperature of the temperature and nozzle in slope surface ventilation duct (3).

The implementation result of Fig. 2 b

Fig. 2 b as one embodiment, roadbed laid inside cobble shape also substantially into U-shaped, during than not being laid with cobble Temperature it is low；The dope layer (10) on ventilation duct (3) surface reduces the temperature in stretching ramp portion pipe；Both ends nozzle thermal insulating door thermally insulated door The dope layer (10) on surface makes nozzle, and nearby temperature reduces；The outer sandstone of pipe or sand reflected sunlight, make slope foot and neighbouring earth's surface Temperature slightly reduces a bit.

Embodiment 3

Fig. 3 is that railway bed pipe laying, heap build crushed-gravel, the horizontal section schematic diagram for keeping flat plank.

In figure 3 by single ventilation duct (3) along roadbed section transverse horizontal with banket (2) be embedded on embankment bottom surface at 0.7m, Ventilation duct (3) is managed using UPVC, and clear spacing of the caliber between Φ 300mm, Guan Yuguan is 0.45m.Both sides Slopes portion, roadbed top Portion is all laid with crushed-gravel (6), and the surface of crushed-gravel (6) is dope layer (10), the film layer thickness of dope layer (10) for 0.30mm~ 0.6mm, the dope layer (10) are ZS-221 type sunshade thermal insulation coating.A coating layer can also be applied again on dope layer (10) (11), which is F-C paint, and the film thickness of dope layer (11) is 5 μm~25 μm.Or on crushed-gravel (6) surface Sprayed coating (10) be waterproof antiseptic wearproof polyureas SPUA-202 section bar material, coating thickness 1.8mm, thermal conductivity factor 0.02~ 0.03w/m.k, extremely efficient in preserving heat, adhesion, impact resistance, wearability, resilience are superior.Upper crushed-gravel is laid at the top of roadbed (6) after, rail and tie can be laid between crushed-gravel (6).It is of course also possible to apply ZS- in concrete crosstie track surface 221 type sunshade thermal insulation coating.Hole shape ventilating board (4) is laid in earth's surface (1) near roadbed sole, which is Polyethylene board or extruded sheet, abbreviation EPS sheet or XPS plate, are dope layer (10) on the surface of hole shape ventilating board (4), crushed-gravel (6), hole shape ventilating board (4) is all sun-proof cooling body (16).EPS sheet or XPS plate thickness are 3cm~6cm, and specific thickness should be by Thickness formula determines.The dope layer (10) of the upper surface of EPS sheet or EPS sheet or XPS plate is ZS-211 type sunshade thermal insulation coating, Film thickness is 0.3mm~0.6mm.Plate is embedded on embankment bottom surface at 0.5m, it is Nian Jie with dedicated weather-proof bonding agent between plate and plate Get up, be linked to be 1.5m~20m plate layer be laid with after, in the earth's surface (1) that is fixed near roadbed sole with component (14).In 1.5m If encountering gutter or rhone in the range of~20m, it should which sun-proof cooling body (16) is laid on gutter or rhone Bottom.

The implementation result of Fig. 3

In figure 3 subgrade soil, dope layer (10) sunshade thermal insulation coating are covered with crushed-gravel (6), EPS sheet or XPS plate Layer, can make the year-on-year environment temperature of temperature on crushed-gravel (6) surface, EPS sheet or XPS plate surface reduce by 2 DEG C~3 DEG C.Certainly, such as Fruit applies ZS-221 type sunshade thermal insulation coating in concrete crosstie track surface, can also make the temperature of concrete crosstie track surface reduce by 2 DEG C ~3 DEG C.

Ventilation duct (3) winter in Fig. 3 takes away some heats of roadbed substrate；Summer ventilation duct (3) does not work substantially, rises To heat-blocking action.

Ventilation duct (3), rubble (6), EPS sheet or XPS plate weatherability are strong, can use 50 years or more.Dope layer (11) is F-C paint is protective coating layer (10), and weatherability reaches 15~20 years, ZS-221 type sunshade thermal insulation dope layers (10) it is weather-proof Property reaches 25 years, replaceable after service life, can also application again again, and be continuing with.

Rubble (6), the cost of dope layer (10) are low, the advantage of lower cost of ventilation duct (3), EPS sheet or XPS plate；Construction It is easy；Use their good cooling effects.

Embodiment 4

Fig. 4 a, Fig. 4 b are transverse direction, the longitudinal profile schematic diagram of railway bed embedment tube sheet successively.Fig. 4 c are the offices in Fig. 4 b Portion's longitudinal profile enlarged diagram.

From Fig. 4 a, Fig. 4 b, Fig. 4 c as can be seen that according to tube sheet interval method and sandwich method, by more ventilation ducts (3) and more Row hole shape ventilating board (4) is first laid with a ventilation duct (3) along road-trend, and by transverse horizontal direction, re-lays Yi Liedong Shape ventilating board (4) is next laid with a ventilation duct (3), re-lays a row hole shape ventilating board (4) ..., spread between two pipes If a row hole shape ventilating board (4), a ventilation duct (3) is laid between two row hole shape ventilating boards (4), is laid with, is equidistantly embedded in successively Situation on roadbed.By single ventilation duct (3) and hole shape ventilating board (4) along roadbed section transverse horizontal successively alternate use in construction Banket (2) be embedded on embankment bottom surface at 0.6m, ventilation duct (3) is managed using C30 pipe of concretes or UPVC, and caliber is Φ 300mm Or clear spacing of the clear spacing between Φ 400mm, Guan Yuguan between 0.45m or 0.60m, Guan Yuguan is exactly hole shape ventilating board (4) Width, certainly, width can also >=0.45m or >=0.60m.Again in the one piece of block thickness 2cm~4cm holes shape ventilating board paved (4) on EPS sheet or XPS plate or foam glass board, also in at least upper surface of ventilation duct (3), such as in cleaning, dry And the foam glass plate surface of thickness 3cm, the upper surface of half ventilation duct (3) are sprayed with JNJX-Q5600 type polyureas flush coater The sprayed coating (10) of (can also pour into a mould) thickness 2mm also can apply one layer of priming paint before spraying in matrix surface.The sprayed coating (10) is The SPUA-402 polyurea elastomer material layers of thermal-insulating waterproof anticorrosion antiwear, 0.02~0.03w/m.k of thermal conductivity factor；Foam glass board Lower surface dope layer (10) be W202 type multifunctional water-proofing insulating moulding coatings, coating weight is 1.6~3.2m²/ Kg, film layer is simultaneously Have the effect of protection foam glass board concurrently.It is bonded together by polylith hole shape ventilating board (4) with bonding agent, forms a row hole shape ventilation Plate (4), it is placed side by side with ventilation duct (3).

Certainly, with another embodiment of sandwich method：It is cleaning, in the foam glass plate face of dry thick 3cm, with spraying Machinery by bonding mortar (or bonding agent) it is spray coated after, then the favorite STP thermal insulation boards of thick 0.8cm are sticked on into foam glass board On；Stick thick 3cm foam glass boards on thermal insulation board again with method.It is foam glass board layer result in formation of levels, middle level (presss from both sides Layer) be favorite STP thermal insulation boards layer, i.e. totally 3 layers of a kind of heat insulating structure body.

Certainly, as another embodiment：The other conditions for keeping embodiment 4 are constant, only change two layers between Guan Yuguan Become the only EPS sheet of surplus thickness 5cm or so or XPS plate or this tube sheet partitioning method of foam glass board, and can also It applies respectively in the road structure of embodiment 1,2,3.

Testing result

By detecting, the mechanical property of SPUA-402 polyurea elastomer materials layer (10) in Fig. 4：Tensile strength 22Mpa；It tears Resistance to spalling 77KN/m；Elongation 35%；Hardness/continue your A D60-70；Adhesive force (concrete, steel to surface cleaning, drying Material) 2.4~2.6Mpa；Setting time 15s；Thermal property：0.02~0.03w/m.k of thermal conductivity factor；- 50 DEG C of low temperature flexibility；Table See 35~45Kg/m3 of density；Water absorption rate ＜ 0.5%；Construction environment requirement：Thickness≤30mm；Matrix surface is first primed attachment Power is more preferably；Construction method is novel；Antiseptic property is outstanding；30 years theoretical service lives or more.Year-on-year EPS sheet or XPS plate, a thickness The SPUA plate of material of 3cm or so is more cost-effective than the EPS sheet or XPS plate or foam glass board of a thickness 5cm or so；2 × 3cm's The EPS sheet or XPS plate of the year-on-year 2 × 5cm of SPUA plate of material or so or foam glass board Han Qu good heat-insulation effect (Wen Zhi, etc.. The fitness-for-service assessment that thermal-insulating method is applied in Subgrade Work of Qinghai-Tibet Railway, dirt band, 2005,27 (5)：694~700).

Embodiment 5

Fig. 5 a are the horizontal section schematic diagrams that railway bed is embedded to two layers of pipe.Fig. 5 b are the vertical of railway bed two layers of pipe of embedment To diagrammatic cross-section.As can be seen that according to two layers of ventilation tube method from Fig. 5 a, Fig. 5 b, more ventilation ducts (3) are walked along roadbed To under being equidistantly embedded in roadbed substrate, roadbed middle part successively by transverse horizontal direction or being embedded in successively in roadbed substrate, roadbed Portion is a kind of aligning method of two layers of ventilation duct (3) above and below formation.

In construction first by first row ventilation duct (3) along roadbed section transverse horizontal with banket (2) be embedded on embankment bottom surface At 0.5m, first row ventilation duct (3) is 0.60m using pipe of concrete, clear spacing of the caliber between Φ 400mm, Guan Yuguan.Again will Second row ventilation duct (3) along roadbed section transverse horizontal with banket (2) be embedded on embankment bottom surface at 1.5m, second row ventilation duct (3) it is perforated ventilation pipe, UPVC pipes can be used, clear spacing of the caliber between Φ 300mm, Guan Yuguan is 0.45m.Tube wall is three-dimensional TGXG cladding gets up, then is embedded to and bankets.Pay attention to being laid with ventilation duct by the wind direction in roadbed location, can be installed additional in ventilation nozzle Wind collecting port that can naturally windward, to make wind collecting port always towards wind direction, and can install automatic temperature-controlled door additional in air outlet.As implemented Described in example 2, white or grey paint layer (10) or painting in Fig. 5 on the automatic temperature-controlled door surface of four ports of two rows of ventilation ducts The bed of material (10) and dope layer (11) can reduce the temperature of the nozzle of two rows of ventilation ducts (3) on year-on-year basis, can substantially reduce roadbed on the whole Temperature.

Embodiment 6

Fig. 6 a are the horizontal section schematic diagrams that railway bed is embedded to two layers of pipe and metalling.Fig. 6 b are railway bed embedments two The longitudinal profile schematic diagram of layer pipe and metalling.To be more as can be seen that according to two layers every stone ventilation tube method from Fig. 6 a, Fig. 6 b Root ventilation duct (3) is equidistantly embedded in roadbed substrate, roadbed middle part by transverse horizontal direction or is embedded in successively successively along road-trend Roadbed substrate, roadbed middle and lower part, then selection is laid with the row of one layer of rubble from rubble and cobble material between two layers of ventilation duct Row method.

In construction first by first row ventilation duct (3) along roadbed section transverse horizontal with banket (2) be embedded on embankment bottom surface At 0.5m, ventilation duct (3) is 0.80m using concrete reinforced pipe, clear spacing of the caliber between Φ 400mm, Guan Yuguan；Then it builds Paving a layer thickness is 0.60m, the metalling (6) that grain size is 0.05m~0.10m；Again by second row ventilation duct (3) along roadbed section Transverse horizontal is laid on metalling (6), and with banketing, (2) are embedded on embankment bottom surface at 1.5m.Second row ventilation duct (3) uses Pvc pipe, clear spacing of the caliber between Φ 300mm, Guan Yuguan are 0.50m.

Embodiment 7

Fig. 7 a are the horizontal section schematic diagrams that roadbed buries funnel-shaped ventilation duct.Fig. 7 b are that roadbed buries the vertical of funnel-shaped ventilation duct To diagrammatic cross-section.According to funnel-shaped ventilation tube method, ventilation duct (3) and stovepipe (13), component (14) are connected with cap body (15) Three way type ventilation duct is connected into, which is placed perpendicular in the perpendicular of horizontal positioned ventilation duct (3), more Funnel-shaped ventilation duct is equidistantly embedded on roadbed, the top of stovepipe (13), component along road-trend by transverse horizontal direction (14), cap body (15) is stretched out other than roadbed tailo or Schattenseite, the upper face of stovepipe (13), the surface of component (14), cap body (15) surface is ZS-221 type sunshade thermal insulation coating coated with dope layer (10), film thickness 0.3mm~0.6mm.Certainly, in order to prolong The service life of long funnel-shaped ventilation duct, the surface of upper face, component (14), cap body (15) in stovepipe (13) is coated with After dope layer (10), dope layer (11) can also be applied again, i.e., using double lion board F-C paints：Basecoat paint two, paint film thickness are 60 μm~80 μm；Intermediate coat is epoxy micaceous iron intermediate coat, and together, paint film thickness is 20 μm~40 μm for spraying；Finishing coat spraying two, paint Film thickness is 60 μm~80 μm.

It can be by stovepipe (13) on Schattenseite in construction.For example, it is DK 1139+882 km segments in railway mileage Near, the average temperature of the whole year on the shallow stratum in tailo face is higher by 3 DEG C or more than Schattenseite face.Ventilation duct (3) is along roadbed section transverse direction water It is flat with banket (2) be embedded on embankment bottom surface at 0.5m~0.7m, for ventilation duct (3) using perforated ventilation pipe, pipe range is 50m's C30 pipe of concretes, the outer diameter of pipe are Φ 300mm, internal diameter Φ 260mm, pipe thickness 40mm, and the ventilation hole aperture on tube wall is 30mm, percent opening 20%.The caliber of stovepipe (13) also for Φ 300mm, stovepipe (13) be higher by roadbed top surface 0.3m~ 1.5m.Stovepipe (13) is managed using pipe of concrete or UPVC pipes or EPS.Umbrella shape or triangle or ladder can also be made in cap body (15) Shape so as to sunshade, keeps out the wind, rain cover and prevents dust, foreign matter etc. from falling into pipe.Preferably ventilation duct is laid with by the wind direction in roadbed location (3), can ventilation nozzle installation can naturally windward wind collecting port, to make wind collecting port always towards wind direction.

The funnel-shaped ventilation duct principle and implementation result of embodiment 7

The operation principle of funnel-shaped ventilation shaft, based on stack effect.Here it describes in two kinds of situation：A kind of situation be When Qinghai-xizang Plateau In Summer weather is complicated and changeable, cause soil temperature inside roadbed more external than roadbed low, the ventilation duct inside roadbed (3) stovepipe (13) more external than exposing roadbed with the temperature of stovepipe (13) is together with component (14), also low, the road of cap body (15) It sinks in pipe and floats not up under the big cold air of density in base, the small hot-air of roadbed external den is suspended in pipe internal upper part and sinks not Get off.Inner air tube occurs without convection current, and in relative static conditions, ventilation duct is in off position together with stovepipe.This has Conducive to the thermal resistance of increase roadbed, intrusion of the outside heat to roadbed and roadbed lower part frozen soil has been obstructed.Another situation is, equally In 3 DEG C lower than tailo face of the average temperature of the whole year on the shallow stratum in summer Schattenseite face or more.Upper face, the component of stovepipe (13) (14) surface, the surface of cap body (15) are ZS-221 type sunshade thermal insulation coating coated with sunshade thermal insulation dope layer (10), can So that expose the external stovepipe (13) of roadbed reduces by 2 again together with the temperature of component (14), the year-on-year Schattenseite of temperature of cap body (15) DEG C~3 DEG C, at this moment the inner air tube density of the external inner air tube density ratio roadbed lower part of roadbed is big.According to stack effect, density Big cold air sinks, and the small hot-air of density rises, and generates cross-ventilation.The air of flowing passes through ventilation duct from the bottom up (3), rise to stovepipe (13), continue to rise, by between component (14) or component (14) channel, cap body (15), finally It is flowed out from the lower edge of cap body (15)；The air of following ventilation duct (3) nozzle flowing passes through ventilation duct (3), rises to cigarette again Chimney pipe (13) continues to rise, and by component (14), cap body (15), is finally flowed out from the lower edge of cap body (15), in this way as chimney In flow of flue gas it is the same, in cycles, move in circles, so as to take away the partial heat in roadbed pipe and in the soil body.Winter, when When soil temperature is higher than ambient temperature inside roadbed, stovepipe (13) is less than together with the temperature of component (14), cap body (15) The internal temperature of ventilation duct (3), that is, the atmospheric density of part is more than the atmospheric density of lower part, weight on funnel-shaped ventilation duct The air that power effect makes density big sinks, and the air that buoyancy makes density small rises, so as to generate the air pair in roadbed pipe Stream.Cross-ventilation causes outside roadbed hot inside air discharge stovepipe and cap body, and the cold air of roadbed lower part is again from ventilation duct Two port supplements flow into, and flow to roadbed tubular body, while take the amount of heat in roadbed tube body and the soil body out of, fill out roadbed The Wen Duxiajiang of soil and lower part nature soil layer realizes the lifting of the frozen soils temperature upper limit, improves the stability of subgrade in permafrost soil zone.

Embodiment 8

Fig. 8 is roadbed embedment slabstone and the horizontal section schematic diagram for being embedded to sun-proof cooling body.Under Xian Han areas roadbed substrate In the earth's surface (1) of compacting, one layer of sun-proof cooling body (16) is laid with, first in the upper and lower surface of cooling body (16), such as in length 150cm, width 100cm, thickness 3cm EPS sheet surface, with JNJX-Q5600 type polyureas flush coater spraying (can also pour into a mould) divide up and down The not sprayed coating (10) of thickness 2mm, the sprayed coating (10) are the polyurea elastomer material layers of thermal-insulating waterproof anticorrosion antiwear, heat conduction system 0.02~0.03w/m.k of number；With similary spray coated plank, in the earth's surface of roadbed slope foot both sides, be laid with width is bedding 24.0m.Can also be first in the EPS sheet upper and lower surface of thick 4cm, coating dope layer (10) is the heat-insulated painting of W202 type multifunctional water-proofings (coating weight is 1.6~3.2m to material²/ Kg, while have the effect of protection foam glass board concurrently), then bedding is in roadbed slope foot both sides In earth's surface；The board dimension cut into construction is long 200cm, width 80cm, high 4cm, and dope layer (10) is carried by one piece one piece EPS sheet or XPS plate with bonding agent be bonded into full wafer bed course, be laid on earth's surface 0.6m at, cross-sectional width be 20m~30m Range, in the range if encountering gutter or rhone, also should by it is sun-proof cooling body (16) be laid on gutter or The bottom of rhone.According to above-mentioned laying method and size requirement, it is to reduce the temperature of earth's surface near roadbed substrate and roadbed. Banket inside the roadbed bottom of (2) is laid with slabstone (5), and the thickness of slabstone (5) is 1.0m~1.5m, preferably 1.2m.It fills out thereon It builds banket (2), the thickness of fill stratum (2) is 3.8m.Left and right making bank protection synusia stone (5), thickness are respectively 1.6m, 0.8m, piece A diameter of 15cm~45cm of stone (5).

Sandwich method making can also be used in embodiment 8：It is cleaning, in the foam glass plate face of dry thick 2.5cm, With spray coating mechanical by bonding mortar (or bonding agent) it is spray coated after, then by (or the airsetting of thickness 1cm of the favorite STP thermal insulation boards of thick 1cm Glue) it sticks in foam glass board；Stick thick 2.5cm foam glass boards on thermal insulation board again with method.Result in formation of levels Foam glass board layer, middle level (interlayer) is favorite STP thermal insulation boards layer (or aerogel layer of thickness 1cm), i.e., totally 3 layers it is a kind of every Thermal structure.

In embodiment 8, sun-proof cooling body (16) is embedded in 0.5m~3.0m under the subbasal earth's surface of roadbed (1) is also Can with.Such as sun-proof cooling body (16) is embedded in 3.0m or so depths, cooling-down effect under the subbasal earth's surface of roadbed (1) More preferably.In order to extend the weatherability of dope layer (10), the sun-proof drop with dope layer (10) and dope layer (11) can also be used Warm body (16), i.e., it is sun-proof cooling body (16) dope layer (10) on also have a coating layer (11), which is fluorine carbon Paint, film thickness are 5 μm~25 μm.Dope layer (11) can also be thickeied, uses double lion board F-C paints：Basecoat paint two, Paint film thickness is 60 μm~80 μm；Intermediate coat is epoxy micaceous iron intermediate coat, and together, paint film thickness is 10 μm~30 μm for spraying；Finishing coat sprays Tu Erdao, paint film thickness are 60 μm~80 μm.

The implementation result of Fig. 8

Banket inside roadbed (2) bottom be laid with slabstone (5), there is the U-shaped roadbed that surrounds of bank protection synusia stone (5) cooling to make With.EPS or XPS plate weatherability are strong, can use 50 years or more.The upper and lower surface sprayed coating (10) of EPS sheet or XPS plate is heat preservation The polyurea elastomer material of waterproof antiseptic wearproof, 30 years service life or more, 0.02~0.03w/m.k of thermal conductivity factor, good heat-insulation effect； The lower surface dope layer (10) of EPS sheet or XPS plate in the earth's surface of roadbed both sides is W202 type multifunctional water-proofing insulating moulding coatings, simultaneously Have the effect in protection EPS sheet or XPS plate face concurrently.The dope layer (11) of plate face protective coating layer (10) is F-C paint, and weatherability reaches By 15~20 years, service life application and use or can also be used after replacing again again later.

Embodiment 9

Fig. 9 is roadbed embedment cobble and the horizontal section schematic diagram for being embedded to sun-proof cooling body.First tamped under roadbed substrate Earth's surface (1) on, be laid with the rubble (6) that a layer thickness is 10cm~20cm, the bottom roadbed paving of (2) of banketing inside roadbed Cobble in structures (12), the thickness of cobble is 1.0m~1.5m.The left and right of (2) of banketing also is laid with bank protection layer cobble, bank protection The thickness of layer cobble is 0.8m~1.0m.A diameter of 15cm~40cm of cobble.Again sun-proof cooling is laid in roadbed slope foot both sides Body (16), it is the foam glass board that thickness is 2cm~5cm to be laid with the sun-proof cooling body (16) of first layer, foam glass board Lower surface is ZS-411 type heat loss through radiation High tailored coatings coated with dope layer, and film thickness is 0.15mm~0.3mm；Again in foam glass The sun-proof cooling body (16) of the second layer is laid on plate, the sun-proof cooling body (16) of the second layer is the EPS sheet or XPS that thickness is 1cm~5cm The lower surface of plate, EPS sheet or XPS plate is ZS-411 type heat loss through radiation High tailored coatings coated with dope layer, film thickness for 0.15mm~ 0.3mm.The upper surface of EPS sheet or XPS plate is ZS-221 type sunshade thermal insulation coating coated with sunshade thermal insulation dope layer, and film thickness is 0.3mm~0.6mm.The board dimension cut into is 250cm × 100cm × 3cm.Sun-proof cooling body (16) layer is by one in construction One piece of block selects homogeneous board to be bonded the pad into full wafer with bonding agent in the EPS sheet of dope layer or XPS plate or foam glass board Layer, the cross-sectional width of the sun-proof cooling body (16) of roadbed slope foot both sides are the range of 1.5m~25m.Obviously, the dope layer is just It is aforementioned coatings layer (10).

Certainly, as another embodiment, other conditions can also be kept constant in fig.9, only the roadbed paving The material of structures (12) makes the mixture of cobble and slabstone into, and the weight ratio of cobble piece and slabstone is 1: 1.2~1.5, so After construct it is also possible.

The implementation result of Fig. 9

Banket inside cold area's roadbed (2) bottom be laid with cobble, there is the U-shaped roadbed that bank protection floor cobble surrounds cooling to make With.EPS sheet thermal conductivity factor 0.04w/m.k, XPS plate thermal conductivity factor 0.03w/m.k, in winter, heat insulation is good；Summer, as EPS The thermal insulation board of plate or XPS plate etc., " observed result of the ground such as wind volcano experiment roadbed shows that the heat insulation of thermal insulation board is very bright Aobvious, ground temperature differs about 5 DEG C~10 DEG C to plate up and down ".Foam glass board, EPS sheet coated with sun-proof High tailored coating layer (10) or The heat insulation of XPS plate is notable, these plates also have the function of the stability and Reducing distortion that keep road structure.Equally, EPS Plate or × PS plate weatherabilities are strong, can use 50 years or more.

The dope layer (11) of protective coating layer (10) is F-C paint in foam glass board, and weatherability reaches 15~20 years, ZS- The weatherability of 221 type sunshade thermal insulation dope layers (10) can reach 25 years, and service life application and can also make again again later With or replace after use.

Embodiment 10

Figure 10 is the horizontal section schematic diagram of the sun-proof cooling body (16) of roadbed substrate embedment.Practical figure 10 above is not dig not filling out Subgrade cross section schematic diagram.In the earth's surface (1) first tamped under roadbed substrate, the rubble (6) that a layer thickness is 20cm is laid with, One layer of hole shape ventilating board (4) is laid in the earth's surface (1) of slope foot both sides again, hole shape ventilating board (4) is that thickness is 1cm~4cm Polyurethane sheet (also referred to as PU plates), the lower surface of the plate are ZS-411 type heat loss through radiation High tailored coatings coated with dope layer (10), film Thick 0.15mm~0.3mm；The foam glass that the sun-proof cooling body (16) of the second layer is thick 3cm is re-layed above polyurethane sheet Plate.It is first sprayed with RH15w slurries and is sprayed on bonding mortar material in foam glass board, then pass through sticking mortar paving thickness 2cm's Favorite STP thermal insulation boards, the STP thermal insulation boards are the third layer thermal insulation boards of bedding, and thermal conductivity factor≤0.008w/m.k can be used 600mm × 300mm × 20mm dimension boards uses the band annulus special-purpose thermal insulation swollen bolt of 8mm × 8mm × 6mm specifications during anchoring, total to spread If area >=foam glass plate suqare, at least covers the periphery of foam glass board；Finally again on thermal insulation board with banket (2) it is complete Into soil body roadbed.Hole shape ventilating board (4) and sun-proof cooling body (16) are one piece one piece of polyurethane sheets or foam glass in construction Plate or STP thermal insulation boards are bonded the bed course into full wafer with bonding agent, are counted outward from slope foot both sides, the cross-sectional width of bed course for 2m~ The range of 25m.

Sandwich method making can also be used in the embodiment in figure 10：In the earth's surface (1) first tamped under roadbed substrate, paving If a layer thickness is the rubble (6) of 20cm, then two layers of hole shape ventilating board (4) up and down, hole are laid in the earth's surface (1) of slope foot both sides Shape ventilating board (4) is the polyurethane sheet (also referred to as PU plates) that thickness is 2cm, and the sun-proof cooling body (16) of middle level (interlayer) is thick The favorite STP thermal insulation boards layer of 0.8cm；Above, making bankets (2) again.

Embodiment 11

Figure 11 a are that a kind of hole shape ventilating board (4) faces diagrammatic cross-section.After Figure 11 b are a kind of hole shape ventilating board (4) Depending on diagrammatic cross-section.Figure 11 c are a kind of status diagrams in kind of hole shape ventilating board (4).It can be with from Figure 11 a, Figure 11 b, Figure 11 c Find out, hole shape ventilating board (4) is to constitute " mountain " font by one piece of plate (4) on top and three pieces of supporting members of lower part Shape, the material all same of upper and lower part, three pieces of supporting members of lower part are also the material of hole shape ventilating board (4).Such as foam used The hole shape ventilating board (4) of glass material is by one piece of foam glass board (4) on top and three pieces of foam glass materials of lower part What supporting member was formed, it is referred to as hole shape ventilating board (4), and bond together by bonding agent (other structures can also be used therebetween Part is fixed together).Supporting member used is exactly component of the present invention (14) in fact.Certainly, also may be used in engineering construction Not to be homogeneity, such as hole shape ventilating board (4) is by one piece of foam glass board (4) on top and three block concrete branch of lower part Support what component (14) was formed.

Embodiment 12

Figure 12 a are that another hole shape ventilating board (4) faces diagrammatic cross-section.Figure 12 b are another hole shape ventilating boards (4) Backsight diagrammatic cross-section.Figure 12 c are the status diagrams in kind of another hole shape ventilating board (4).From Figure 12 a, Figure 12 b, figure It is that top is made by identical material is the shapes that plate, lower part are hole that 12c, which can be seen that hole shape ventilating board (4), just as several rows of Cave dwelling is the same, wind can with Durchgangshohle mistake, after the previous blow-through to hole in hole, here it is the origin of hole shape ventilating board.Hole shape ventilating board (4) material is foam glass or EPS or XPS or plastics or composite material, etc..

Embodiment 13

Figure 13 is the horizontal section schematic diagram that roadbed slope places hole shape ventilating board (4)

Figure 13 is shown hole shape ventilating board (4) hole in Figure 11, Figure 12 towards under slope or towards on slope, is vertically put Put the situation on Schattenseite face or tailo face：First in earth's surface (1) with banket (2) it is constructing roadbed, then put on tailo and Schattenseite Put the hole shape ventilating board (4) described in embodiment 11 or embodiment 12.The material of hole shape ventilating board (4) is that Zhejiang shakes Shen thermal insulation section Skill limited company production foam glass (high-performance), board dimension be 610mm × 460mm × 120mm, hole shape ventilating board (4) hole height is at least more than 200mm in, that is, hole shape ventilating board (4) is vertically disposed in Schattenseite face or tailo face, and hole Towards slope surface, the clear distance pushed up from slope surface to hole is at least more than 200mm to mouth, such as clear distance is 400mm~1000mm.Hole shape The upper surface of ventilating board (4) is nearly horizontal with Schattenseite face or tailo face towards outside.It is described in fig. 13 " to be pushed up from slope surface to hole Clear distance " be to be represented with the vertical range between the line of slope and dotted line in Schattenseite face or tailo face.By same rule in construction The front and rear hole alignment of the hole shape ventilating board (4) of lattice size can use ZES21 bonding agents and component (14) by hole shape ventilating board (4) the sun-shading ventilating plate layer of full wafer is fixed into, forms the short plate canopy along hundreds of meters several kilometers of road-trend.This short plate canopy is phase For the sunshading board canopy (8) of Figure 22 in embodiment 22.

Certainly, as another embodiment, it can also keep other conditions constant in fig. 13, be intended merely to prevent summer Hot gas pour under hole shape ventilating board (4) and pour under short plate canopy, can use the material of hole shape ventilating board (4) will be by hole shape ventilating board (4) hole is blocked, and the surrounding of short plate canopy is also blocked with the material of short plate canopy, will be blocked and be partially opened again to winter.In addition It is described to be laid with the dope layer (11) for applying one layer of F-C paint on the surface of hole shape ventilating board (4) after coating dope layer (10) again, Dope layer (10), dope layer (11) film thickness be followed successively by 0.3mm~1.0mm, 10 μm~30 μm.The color of dope layer can select White, grey, canescence, nearly green stone color or arbitrary matched color.

Equally, as further embodiment, other conditions can also be kept constant in fig. 13, in roadbed slope foot both sides The sunshade hole shape ventilating board (4) for the full wafer that cross-sectional width is 2m~30m is re-layed on table (1), hole shape ventilating board (4) uses Hebei The foam glass A of grand heat preservation construction material Co., Ltd production, wind are blown along in earth's surface in the hole of the sunshade hole shape ventilating board (4) of full wafer It crosses, while constantly takes away the heat of ground surface.That is, do not dig not made ground table, be placed on slope surface, ground (hole is downward) hole Shape ventilating board (4) can play the role of reducing roadbed temperature.Summer, winter block, open hole respectively

Meanwhile as a particular embodiment, keep other conditions constant in fig. 13, only by hole shape ventilating board (4) solar panels (being also solar cell module) are changed into, by solar panels component (14) installation, are laid on slope surface, roadbed In slope foot both sides earth's surface (1), it will play the role of not only by sunshade, reduction roadbed temperature, but also solar cell edge can be played Railway line photovoltaic generation and the effect of energy-saving and emission-reduction！

The manufacturing firm of solar panels is numerous, and example selects the solar panels monocrystalline silicon component CHN- of Central-South Photoelectric Co., Ltd. 60M (BK) 255w~275W or polysilicon members, 156 × 156mm of Monocrystalline silicon cell piece or polycrystalline silicon battery plate², cell piece Type 60 (6 × 10) or 72 (6 × 12), size are 1679.4 × 1011 × 25.5mm³, weight be 21.6Kg or 23Kg, anti-reflection Penetrate coated toughened glass, anodised aluminium frame, 1P67. (containing bypass diode) terminal box, MC4 compatibility connectors, 4.0mm², the photovoltaic client cables of 900mm.By above-mentioned one piece of block solar panels component (14) and solar panels assembling attachment peace It fills, be laid on from slope surface, be 30cm~150cm from the clear distance in roadbed slope foot both sides earth's surface (1).Zhejiang can be engaged positive safe new Energy development Co., Ltd, Yuhui Yangguang Energy Resources Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Prov. etc. contract, install.

The principle and implementation result of hole shape ventilating board (4)

The principle of hole shape ventilating board (4) is：In summer, air occurs without convection current in the hole of hole shape ventilating board (4) when calm, place In relative static conditions, the hole of hole shape ventilating board (4) is in off position.Hot-air in hole is conducive to increase the heat of roadbed Resistance, has obstructed intrusion of the outside heat to roadbed and roadbed lower part frozen soil；Hole shape ventilating board (4) can be prevented as sun visor with sunshade It shines, reduces the temperature in Schattenseite face and tailo face and slope foot both sides earth's surface (1).In winter, hole shape ventilating board (4) is still when calm Can the temperature on Schattenseite face and tailo face and in slope foot both sides earth's surface (1) be reduced with shading sun-proof as sun visor；When having wind No matter wind scraped under slope from slope along slope surface or wind along slope surface from slope under scrape on slope, wind is along slope surface from hole shape ventilating board (4) Hole in blow over, constantly take away the heat in slope surface, reduce the temperature of Roadbed Soil (2)；Equally, wind leads to from the hole shape in earth's surface It is out-of-date that aerofoil (4) is scraped, and wind was blowed from hole, constantly takes away the heat on ground surface, reduces the temperature of Roadbed Soil (2).

The implementation result of hole shape ventilating board (4) in Figure 13

The implementation result of hole shape ventilating board (4) is in Figure 13：Not made ground table is not dug, does not destroy earth's surface physical state, saving of labor Material-saving；Directly hole shape ventilating board (4) is laid on Schattenseite face and tailo face and slope foot both sides earth's surface (1), it is big to connect into one The short plate canopy body of piece is most simple and direct, most effective, most apparent, most saving, the most permanent method for reducing roadbed temperature.

The material of hole shape ventilating board (4) can also selected as foam glass board, then hole shape foam glass ventilating board items It has excellent performance.And light-weight, relative low price.The weatherability of foam glass board is stronger, and projected life can reach 50 Year~100 years！

Year-on-year Qinghai-Tibet Railway northern foot river test section foam glass slope test (Wang Ping, Plateau Cold Area thermal insulation board bank protection application, Railway standard designs, 2010 (S1) 53-55), the remarkable advantage of hole shape ventilating board (4) of the invention is：

1st, it avoids directly laying foam glass board on winter, slope surface to rebound to the temperature that slope surface is brought by a small margin, to the greatest extent The consumption that plate face is heated up by a small margin to roadbed substrate cold is eliminated or reduced to amount；

2nd, wind is blown over along slope surface from the hole of hole shape ventilating board (4), constantly takes away the heat in slope surface, reduces Roadbed Soil (2) temperature；

3rd, heat screen effect when calm in hole shape ventilating board (4) hole avoids thermal energy from being transmitted to subgrade soil；Hole shape is led to The hole of aerofoil (4) is straight-through, and the air contributed in hole flows；Hole shape ventilating board (4) is with reference to Hinterland of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau when having wind The characteristics of climate change is larger, summer wind speed larger (maximum wind velocity reaches 31m/s), makes full use of average air convection velocity The wind speed of 4.5m/s or so takes away the amount of heat in slope surface and earth's surface；

4th, the hole shape ventilating board (4) with sun-proof High tailored coating layer (10) can also reflect away a part of sunlight, sun-proof Cooling.

5th, connect into a sheet of short plate canopy body with hole shape ventilating board (4), it is therefore prevented that rainwater to the washing away of slope surface embankment, soak Erosion plays the role of protecting slope surface；

6th, the hole shape ventilating board (4) with dope layer (10) prevents rainwater, hail, blows etc. to hole shape ventilating board (4) Infringement improves the effective utilization of the plates such as foam glass board, EPS, metallic plate.

Embodiment 14

Figure 14 is the horizontal section schematic diagram of embedding sun-proof cooling body (16) under roadbed earth's surface.First by one piece of one piece of sun-proof drop The foam glass board of warm body (16) is bonded the bed course into full wafer with ZES21 bonding agents, the size of one block of plank for 400mm × 200mm × 10mm, the bed course width for being bonded into full wafer are greater than the width of roadbed substrate, and extend to roadbed slope foot both sides with Outside, it is counted outward from slope foot both sides, the cross-sectional width of bed course is the range of 2m~30m.Again in the upper surface of foam glass board, use The sprayed coating (10) of completely new poly- polyurethane coating machine spraying (can also pour into a mould) thickness 30mm of HPK-A900 types, i.e. thermal-insulating waterproof anti-corrosion Wear-resisting polyurea elastomer material layer, 0.02~0.03w/m.k of thermal conductivity factor；It is used again in the lower surface of foam glass board Bonding mortar material is sprayed in foam glass board by RH15w slurries flush coater, then the material layer by sticking mortar paving thickness 2cm (10), i.e., favorite STP thermal insulation boards, thermal conductivity factor≤0.008w/m.k can use 400mm × 200mm × 20mm dimension boards, anchoring When use the swollen bolts of band annulus special-purpose thermal insulation of 8mm × 8mm × 6mm specifications, the total of STP thermal insulation boards is laid with area >=foam glass board Area at least covers the periphery of foam glass board；It can also be used as other embodiment：In the foam glass board of thick 3cm (upper and lower surface sprays SPUA material thickness to the SPUA material layers of one surface or the above-mentioned specification of upper and lower surface spraying 10cm) or spraying same size size STP insulating layers；Then by above-mentioned composite board bury the lower part 40cm of people's earth's surface (1)~ At 50cm；Finally with banket (2) it is filling roadbed.

Embodiment 15

Figure 15 is the horizontal section schematic diagram that roadbed substrate is laid with geosynthetics (9).First in the earth's surface (1) of compacting Top is laid with thickness as the slabstone (5) of 120cm or block stone, a diameter of 10cm~40cm.Then it is laid with one layer of geosynthetics (9), it is the composite earthwork cloth of geomembrane, thickness >=3.6mm, density 500g/m³, in the dope layer of its surface coating (10) it is heat insulating coatings layer under ZS-1 type room temperature, is a kind of heat insulation layer, film thickness is 3mm~10mm.Again in dope layer (10) The upper gravel for being laid with thickness in one layer of roadbed structures (12) and being 20cm, finally making height is banketing for 390cm on sandy gravel stratum (2)。

Embodiment 16

Figure 16 is the horizontal section schematic diagram of roadbed side-hill fill.Banket in figure 16 the bottom of (2), earth's surface (1) up and down Portion, has been laid with sun-proof cooling body (16) respectively, and sun-proof cooling body (16) is one piece one piece of foam glass board ZES21 bonding agents Be bonded into the bed course of full wafer, the item that can also be pressurizeed between one piece one piece of foam glass board with bonding agent fix or with nut, screw rod, The components such as washer connect.The size of one block of plank is 450mm × 225mm × 30mm.It is applied on the surface of sun-proof cooling body (16) The favorite STP thermal insulation boards of thickness 2cm are pasted in dope layer (10), lower surface, and method of attaching and stickup size are the same as embodiment 10；Upper surface Coated with ZS-221 type sunshade thermal insulation coating, film thickness is 0.3mm~0.6mm.

Embodiment 17

Figure 17 is the horizontal section schematic diagram of roadbed cutting.It is spread respectively in the bottom of (2) and the earth's surface (1) of banketing in fig. 17 If sun-proof cooling body (16), sun-proof cooling body (16) is that one piece one piece of foam glass board is bonded with ZES21 bonding agents into whole The bed course of piece, the size of one block of plank is 600mm × 450mm × 45mm.Dope layer is applied on the surface of sun-proof cooling body (16) (10) it is ZS-221 type sunshade thermal insulation coating, film thickness is 0.3mm~0.6mm；Lower surface dope layer (10) is that W202 types are multi-functional Water-proof heat-insulating paint lower surface coating film thickness is 0.3mm~0.6mm.

Embodiment 18

Figure 18 is the horizontal section schematic diagram of railway ballastless track.Non-fragment orbit is made of concrete bodies (7).Nothing in Figure 18 The sleeper of tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. track is formed with concrete casting, what the concrete bodies (7) that rail is laid immediately on earth's surface (1) top were built up On pedestal.In the surface of concrete bodies (7) coating dope layer (10), which is completely newly to gather poly- ammonia with HPK-A900 types The SPUA materials of ester flush coater spraying (can also pour into a mould), dope layer (10) thickness more than 2mm after spraying (can first apply a strata Urethane priming paint；SPUA coating is applied again；Aliphatic polyurea face layer is sprayed again)；It is of course also possible to spray the painting of ZS-221 types sunshade thermal insulation The bed of material, film thickness 0.6mm；It is F-C paint that can also a coating layer (11) be applied on the surface of dope layer (10) again, paint film thickness Spend is 20 μm~60 μm.The color of dope layer (10) can allocate grey or be deployed into color close to concrete.

Permafrost Area can build single track non-fragment orbit or more rail non-fragment orbit railway lines.It is special according to high cold weather Point, can by the use of armored concrete, high performance concrete as concrete bodies (7) material, then the surface of dope layer (10) apply One layer of F-C paint dope layer (11).More than service life, can brush again.

Embodiment 19

Figure 19 is the horizontal section schematic diagram of roadbed both sides discharge conduit.The row of Permafrost Area roadbed side in order to prevent Water channel road in winter differential frost heave crack, by the use of the high performance concrete of more than C35 as the material of concrete bodies (7) pouring into Discharge conduit, the periphery of discharge conduit are padded with hole shape ventilating board (4) every the moisture from frozen soil earth's surface, frost and leakage.Hole shape With ZES21 bonding agents bonding into seamless bed course between ventilating board (4), hole shape ventilating board (4) is towards the surface of earth's surface side Dope layer (10) is applied, specific to apply heat insulating coatings layer under ZS-1 type room temperature, film thickness is 3mm~10mm.Certainly, hole shape is led to Aerofoil (4) can also directly use foam glass tablet；It can also as described in Example 10, in hole shape ventilating board (4) towards ground The favorite STP thermal insulation boards of the surface mount thickness 2cm of table side.

Embodiment 20

Figure 20 is the horizontal section schematic diagram of Buried culvert under roadbed formula sunshading board canopy (8).First earth's surface (1) lower part 40cm~ At 50cm be embedded to it is sun-proof cooling body (16), then with banket (2) it is constructing roadbed.Sun-proof cooling body (16) is one piece one piece of foam glass Glass plate is bonded the bed course into full wafer with ZES21 bonding agents, and the size of one block of plank is 225mm × 150mm × 25mm, is bonded into whole The bed course width of piece is greater than the width of roadbed substrate, and extends to other than roadbed slope foot both sides, is calculated outward from slope foot both sides The cross-sectional width for playing bed course is 2m~25m.The surface coating dope layer (10) of sun-proof cooling body (16), the dope layer (10) are ZS-311 type transparent heat insulating dope layers, 8 μm~10 μm of film thickness, according to coating process or 10 μm~25 μm；It can also be The surface coating ZS-411 type heat loss through radiation High tailored coatings of sun-proof cooling body (16), coating film thickness 0.15mm~0.3mm.Zai roads Base slope foot both sides Transducers Embedded in Concrete body (7), concrete bodies (7) are high-performance steel rib concrete piles.Finally use hole shape ventilating board (4) glass plate or transparent adumbral plate in, by one piece one piece of glass plate or transparent adumbral plate component (14) and concrete bodies (7) reinforced concrete pile in is connected and is fixed up, front and rear to communicate, along oriented railway formed as culvert grow tens meters, The transparent adumbral plate canopy (8) of hundreds of meters of even upper kms.It is of course also possible to as described in Example 10, in the foam glass of thick 3cm The favorite STP thermal insulation boards of thickness 2cm are pasted in glass plate upper surface or lower surface.

Embodiment 21

Figure 21 is the horizontal section schematic diagram of the sun-proof formula sunshading board canopy (8) of roadbed.It will be removed under embedment earth's surface (1) in Figure 20 The sun-proof cooling body (16) in portion, then dope layer (10) is applied on hole shape ventilating board (4), it is exactly Figure 21.It can be in Roadbed Soil (2) Slope foot both sides Transducers Embedded in Concrete body (7), concrete bodies (7) are high-performance steel rib concrete piles.Hole shape ventilating board (4) is used again In foam glass board, one piece one piece of foam glass board component (14) is connect and is fixed up with reinforced concrete pile, It is front and rear to communicate, the sunshading board canopy (8) of growing tens meters, hundreds of meters even upper kms is formed along oriented railway as culvert.Foam Glass sheet size is 600mm × 450mm × 35mm, can be bonded with bonding agent between one piece one piece of foam glass board or with being bonded Agent pressurization item is fixed or is connected with components such as nut, screw rod, washers.Dope layer (10) is the polyurea materials or ZS- of thick 2mm 221 type sunshade thermal insulation dope layers, film thickness are 0.3mm~0.6mm.It is, of course, also possible to it is F-C paint to apply one layer in upper surface again Dope layer (11), 10 μm~30 μm of paint film thickness.

Inspection result：Coating dope layer (10) on hole shape ventilating board (4) is examined, is ZS-311 type transparent heat insulating dope layers： 600 DEG C of heatproof is hereinafter, visible light transmittance 81.4%~83.2%, and infrared ray rejection rate is more than 86%, ultraviolet isolating rate 99%, hemispherical emissivity 87%, sheltering coefficient 91.9%~92.2%；Hardness 2H；Water-soluble and solvent based coating adhesive force It is 0 grade；Adhesion 100%；PH value 8~9；Abrasion resistance >=2000 time；1d is impregnated respectively with sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid not become Change, do not occur phenomena such as bubble, picking, apparent discoloration, film acid-proof alkaline is good；Artificial ageing resistance 1000h is no different Often.The contrast test of coated glass and blank glass two tanks shows the 0.5h~7h that is exposed to the sun under the sun, babinet internal-external temperature difference 5 DEG C~7 DEG C.The dope layer has excellent resistance to ag(e)ing, and stain resistant, antistatic, anti-dazzle, radiation protection, service life is long.Through Expose to the weather after for many years, be continuing with behind old surface again application.

Implementation result：

It is serious in locations, sand damages such as the red Lianghe of Qinghai-Tibet Railway, northern foot river, Xiu Shui rivers.In red Lianghe 9.76Km (K1100+ 400~K1110+160) location, except the resistance sand ribbon of railway both sides outer rim setting width 300m, the resistance sand fence of high 1.8m, inner edge are set The resistance sand ribbon of wide 300m is put, the band that fixes the sand of high 1.8m is outer, and the setting of embodiment 20, embodiment 21 will：

1st, greatly reduce roadbed everywhere (embankment, slope foot, side slope, dew shoulder, railway roadbed) by drift sand clogging；Greatly reduce sand Bury rail, husky corrosion rail phenomenon；Greatly reduce roadbed everywhere gap by husky contamination phenomenon.

2nd, sand ground bridge formation is avoided on year-on-year basis, substantially reduces the cost that builds a railway.

3rd, the sand prevention of roadbed later stage, sand discharge, cleaning sand cost are substantially reduced.

4th, the sunshade of sunshading board canopy, sun-proof, the temperature of reduction institute lid roadbed earth's surface, protection ever-frozen ground, guarantee train driving Safety.

Embodiment 22

Figure 22 is the horizontal section schematic diagram of roadbed ventiation type sunshading board canopy (8).It will in the slope foot both sides of Roadbed Soil (2) Concrete bodies (7) embedment earth's surface (1), then concrete bodies (7), sun-proof cooling body (16) are connected and fixed with component (14) Come, all around without wall, freely divulge information, formed as grape trellis along oriented railway and grow tens meters, hundreds of meters of even upper kms Sunshading board canopy (8).Wherein：Concrete bodies (7) are high-performance steel rib concrete piles；Component (14) is supporting rod, nut, spiral shell Bar, washer etc.；It is sun-proof cooling body (16) be size be 600mm × 450mm × 45mm foam glass board, foam glass plate surface Dope layer (10) be ZS-221 type sunshade thermal insulation dope layers, film thickness is 0.3mm~0.6mm.It is of course also possible to again in dope layer (10) surface applies a coating layer (11), and dope layer (11) is F-C paint, and film thickness is 10 μm~30 μm.This screening Yang Banpeng (8) reflected sunlight, sunshades above, surrounding is ventilative, blowing, take away lid adjacent ground surface heat, cooling-down effect it is notable. Can also to be built into be arc or isosceles triangle above, is the sunshading board canopy of square below, so as to sunshading board canopy is more solid, It is safer.

Embodiment 23

Figure 23 is the horizontal section schematic diagram that hole shape ventilating board (4) is placed around roadbed.Figure 23 some phases compared with figure 13 Together.But except that more stovepipes are erected on the hole shape ventilating board (4) to join together in slope foot both sides earth's surface (1) (13) device.Engineering, which is embodied, is：Hole shape ventilating board (4) is foam glass board, and size is 610mm × 450mm50 × mm. Again with nut, screw rod, washer after being bonded between one piece one piece of foam glass board with bonding agent in slope foot both sides earth's surface (1) Wait components (14) be fixed up, formed area be 900m × 30m be highly from earth's surface (1) 0.5m~1.0m the short canopy of sunshade, And make to form ventilation channel under the short canopy of sunshade, component (14) is recycled to connect stovepipe (13), cap body (15), the short canopy of sunshade Into funnel-shaped ventilation duct device.Stovepipe (13) is that the EPS that caliber is Φ 300mm is managed, and stovepipe (13) is a height of from earth's surface (1) 2.5m~4.0m, the surface of stovepipe (13), the component (14) on stovepipe (13) top, cap body (15) surface be coated with it is anti- After shining insulating moulding coating layer (10), then dope layer (11) is applied, i.e., using double lion board F-C paints：Finishing coat sprays one or two, paint Film thickness is 60 μm~80 μm.This chimney formula device can generate stack effect, take away the short canopy institute lid adjacent ground surface heat of sunshade, drop Temp effect is apparent.

Embodiment 24

It is sun-proof cooling body (16) coating process and method be：Piece uploading ---->Pre-treatment ---->Dewatered drying ---->It is cold But ---->Electrostatic powder (paint) sprays ---->Powder (paint drying) cures ---->Cooling ---->Examine ---->Lower part. In factory, specifically by a part of hole shape ventilating board (4), slabstone (5), rubble (6), concrete bodies (7), geosynthetics (9) Successively by above-mentioned processing, coating chamber is then sequentially sent to, in hole shape ventilating board (4), slabstone (5), rubble (6), concrete bodies (7), the surface of geosynthetics (9) is electrostatically sprayed method and sprays sun-proof High tailored coating layer (10), completes product painting, into For sun-proof cooling body (16), subgrade construction scene is transported to.

Another embodiment is can also be used as, a part of hole shape ventilating board (4), slabstone (5), rubble (6), geotechnique are synthesized Material (9) by the processing of the above-mentioned operations such as sorting, cleaning, is then sequentially sent to PT-23 types (environment-friendly water-based) auto spray painting successively In machine (room), spraying size is within the scope of 800mm square.Dope layer (10) is ZS-221 type sunshade thermal insulation dope layers, film Thickness is 0.3mm~0.6mm.The color of dope layer (10) can allocate grey or be deployed into color close to green stone.It is re-fed into Drying box is dried successively, is finally taken out successively from drying box, completes product painting, is become sun-proof cooling body (16), is transported roadbed to Construction site.If necessary to two layers of application, then above step is repeated on the dope layer (10) of above-mentioned sun-proof cooling body (16), Apply the F-C paint dope layer (11) that coast of paint film thickness is 10 μm~30 μm.

Embodiment 25

5 DEG C of environment or more at the construction field (site), when relative air humidity is constructed in the aeration-drying environment less than 80%, if No drying case equipment, first by a part of hole shape ventilating board (4), slabstone (5), rubble (6), concrete bodies (7), geosynthetics (9) simple coating chamber is then fed into, is placed on the grid beam of coating case or rolls by sorting, cleaning, clean airing processing successively On barrel type support frame, with spread coating by sun-proof High tailored coating layer (10) brush twice, interval between coats at 30 minutes or more, brushing ZS-221 type sunshade thermal insulation paint thicknesses complete individual layer application between 0.3mm~0.6mm, finally from the grid beam of coating case It is taken out successively on upper or drum-type supporting rack, is sent into airing in the builder's temporary shed of ventilation, cure coating air drying.It is existing in construction , mechanical application material method can also be used：Coating material is directly sprayed into (or cast) on a surface of an with coating machine, spray The material of painting is SPUA, concrete slurry, bonding sizing material, coating etc..

Under the specific condition in Qinghai-Tibet field, another embodiment is also used as, that is, asks Yongkang City three with painting The standby Co., Ltd of installing, according to a part of hole shape ventilating board (4), slabstone (5), rubble (6), geosynthetics (9) material Performance, the coating specification of specification are Customer design, manufacture, installation paint line one continuous line clothes near production scene The application task of sun-proof cooling body (16) is completed in business.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of frozen earth roadbed thermal protection struc ture body and its cooling means, thermal protection struc ture body by earth's surface (1), banket (2), divulge information Manage (3), hole shape ventilating board (4), slabstone (5), crushed-gravel (6), concrete bodies (7), sunshading board canopy (8), geosynthetics (9), dope layer (10), dope layer (11), roadbed structures (12), stovepipe (13), component (14), cap body (15), sun-proof drop Two or more object compositions in warm body (16)：

1.1st, ventilation duct (3) is perforated ventilation pipe or the airfast ventilation duct of tube wall；

1.2nd, ventilation duct (3) is individual layer ventilation duct, two layers of ventilation duct, two layers every one kind in stone ventilation duct；

1.3rd, the top of ventilation duct (3) is connected with one end of stovepipe (13), and the other end of stovepipe (13) passes through component (14) Connected with cap body (15), the upper face of stovepipe (13), the surface of component (14), cap body (15) surface be dope layer (10) Or dope layer (10) and dope layer (11), entirety form funnel-shaped ventilation duct；

1.4th, hole shape ventilating board (4) is with foam glass board, polystyrene board, extruded sheet, polyurethane sheet, polyethylene board or modification Polyethylene board, polyvinyl chloride panel, slabstone, concrete slab, metallic plate, glass plate, plastic plate, composite panel, thermal insulation board, SPUA A kind of plate or one, two or more plank in plate of material, STP plates, aerogel plate, solar panels are made to the hole shape of ventilation Plate；

1.5th, concrete bodies (7) are the objects for being made and being used for roadbed by concrete, including concrete component, concrete-pile, are mixed Solidifying soil column, concrete slab, concrete ventilation duct, concrete block for water channel, concrete guard wall, concrete tie, non-fragment orbit, reinforcing bar Concrete, high performance concrete, lightweight concrete and its structure；

1.6th, sunshading board canopy (8) is built with concrete bodies (7), component (14), sun-proof cooling body (16) or hole shape ventilating board (4) Plate canopy body；

1.7th, geosynthetics (9) is to utilize the Material synthesis such as plastics, chemical fibre, synthetic rubber polymer and for the soil of roadbed Wood engineering material, including geotextile, geomembrane, earthwork composite material；

1.8th, dope layer (10) is sun-proof High tailored coating layer or heat-insulating waterproof coating layer or SPUA material layers；

1.9th, dope layer (11) is weatherability resin coating layer；

1.10th, roadbed structures (12) are the objects for forming roadbed, including be made of plain fill, miscellaneous fill banket, stone, wood etc. Object and the roadbed body being made of embankment, cutting, road surface, central partition etc. and the object being made of drainage equipment, safeguard Body；

1.11st, component (14) is a kind of for connecting, fixing and the parts and components of stress object, and component has useful, available, matter Amount adapts to, is replaceable, transplantable attribute；It is metal component, concrete component, plastic member, stone material structure by material division One or more of part, wood members, foam glass component；It is flexural member, compression member, tension by stress characteristic division Component, torsion member, bending component, supporting member；It is cushion block, cover board, baffle, press strip, pillar, branch by shape and purposes division Frame, stick, pipe, bar, hinge, screw rod, nut etc.；

1.12nd, it is sun-proof cooling body (16) be a part of hole shape ventilating board (4), slabstone (5), crushed-gravel (6), concrete bodies (7), On the surface of geosynthetics (9), it is applied as dope layer (10) with coating or with SPUA materials or is applied as dope layer (10) With dope layer (11), formed with dope layer (10) or hole shape ventilating board (4), piece with dope layer (10) and dope layer (11) Stone (5), crushed-gravel (6), concrete bodies (7), geosynthetics (9), miscellaneous fill particle, the material layer of coating are referred to as coating Layer；

1.13rd, crushed-gravel (6) be rubble, the mixing building stones of one or more of broken gravel, gravel；

1.14th, what is applied on the thermal insulating door thermally insulated door surface of ventilation duct (3) two-port is dope layer (10) or dope layer (10) and dope layer (11)。

2. frozen earth roadbed thermal protection struc ture body according to claim 1 and its cooling means, it is characterised in that：To roadbed reality The cooling means applied is individual layer ventilation tube method, double-layer ventilation tube method, bilayer every stone ventilation tube method, funnel-shaped ventilation tube method, tube sheet Interval method, sun-proof cooling body method, hole shape ventilating board method, sandwich method, a kind of cool-down method in coating process or two or more methods The cool-down method being combined：

2.1st, individual layer ventilation tube method, by more ventilation ducts (3) along road-trend, it is same to be equidistantly embedded in roadbed by transverse horizontal direction In one plane, the both ends of ventilation duct (3) are stretched out respectively other than roadbed tailo, Schattenseite；

2.2nd, two layers of ventilation tube method, by more ventilation ducts (3) along road-trend, road is equidistantly embedded in by transverse horizontal direction successively It is embedded in the middle part of base substrate, roadbed or successively roadbed substrate, roadbed middle and lower part；

2.3rd, two layers every stone divulge information tube method, by more ventilation ducts (3) along road-trend, equidistantly buried successively by transverse horizontal direction Be embedded in roadbed substrate, roadbed middle and lower part in the middle part of roadbed substrate, roadbed or successively, then be laid between two layers of ventilation duct one layer it is broken Stone is laid with one layer of cobble；

Ventilation duct (3) and stovepipe (13), component (14) are connected into three way type by the 2.4, funnel-shaped ventilation tube method with cap body (15) Ventilation duct, the three way type ventilation duct are placed perpendicular in the perpendicular of horizontal positioned ventilation duct (3), more funnel-shaped ventilations Pipe is equidistantly embedded on roadbed, the top of stovepipe (13), component (14), cap body along road-trend by transverse horizontal direction (15) and the two-port of ventilation duct (3) is stretched out other than roadbed tailo or other than Schattenseite, upper face, the component of stovepipe (13) (14) surface, the surface of cap body (15) is coated with dope layer (10) or coated with dope layer (10) and dope layer (11) successively；

2.5th, tube sheet interval method, by more ventilation ducts (3) and multiple row hole shape ventilating board (4) along road-trend, and by lateral water Square to first be laid with a ventilation duct (3), re-lay a row hole shape ventilating board (4), next be laid with a ventilation duct (3), then Laying one arranges hole shape ventilating board (4) ..., one row hole shape ventilating board (4) of laying between two pipes, between two row hole shape ventilating boards (4) A ventilation duct (3) is laid with, alternate laying, is equidistantly embedded on roadbed successively；

2.6th, sun-proof cooling body method, including individual layer finishing, double-deck finishing and mechanical application material method；

2.6.1 individual layer finishing：It is applied, in dip-coating in aerial spraying, airless spraying, electrostatic spraying, brushing, roller coating, roller coating, electrophoresis Select a kind of coating process；It is described it is sun-proof cooling body (16) coating process and method be：Piece uploading ---->Pre-treatment ---->It is de- Water is dried ---->Cooling ---->Coating paint powder --->Paint drying ---->Cooling ---->Examine ---->Lower part；In work Factory passes through a part of hole shape ventilating board (4), slabstone (5), crushed-gravel (6), concrete bodies (7), geosynthetics (9) successively Sorting, cleaning, drying and processing, are then sequentially sent to coating chamber, are placed on the grid beam of coating case or on drum-type supporting rack, Hole shape ventilating board (4), slabstone (5), crushed-gravel (6), concrete bodies (7), geosynthetics (9) surface, use airless spraying Method sprays heat insulation and water resistance layer or the sun-proof High tailored coating layer (10) of spraying, is re-fed into drying box and dries successively, finally from drying box according to Product painting is completed in secondary taking-up, becomes sun-proof cooling body (16), transports subgrade construction scene to；Or a part of hole shape is divulged information Plate (4), slabstone (5), crushed-gravel (6), concrete bodies (7), geosynthetics (9) are successively by sorting, cleaning, at drying Then reason is sequentially sent to spray and dries dual-purpose room or pass sequentially through auto spray painting drying production line completion product painting, becomes sun-proof Cool down body (16), then transports product to subgrade construction scene；Another manufacturing method is that at the construction field (site), a part of hole shape is led to Aerofoil (4), slabstone (5), rubble (6), concrete bodies (7), geosynthetics (9) are successively by sorting, cleaning, at drying Reason, is then sequentially sent to simple coating chamber, is placed on the grid beam of coating case or on drum-type supporting rack, is electrostatically sprayed method spray Heat insulation and water resistance layer or sun-proof High tailored coating layer (10) are applied, then is sequentially sent to drying box drying, is finally taken out successively from drying box, It is spare as sun-proof cooling body (16)；If there is no drying box equipment at the construction field (site), first by a part of hole shape ventilating board (4), Slabstone (5), crushed-gravel (6), concrete bodies (7), geosynthetics (9) by sorting, cleaning treatment, are then sent successively successively Enter simple coating chamber, be placed on the grid beam of coating case or on drum-type supporting rack, by spread coating, brush insulating water-proof successively Layer or sun-proof High tailored coating layer complete individual layer application, are finally taken successively from the grid beam of coating case or on drum-type supporting rack Go out, be sent into airing in the builder's temporary shed of ventilation；

2.6.2 double-deck finishing：I.e. two layers of finishing, lower floor apply sun-proof High tailored coating or heat-insulating waterproof coating, upper strata up and down Apply weatherability cold coating；First by hole shape ventilating board (4), slabstone (5), crushed-gravel (6), concrete bodies (7), geotechnique's synthesis material The surface heat-insulating waterproof coating or sun-proof High tailored coating for expecting (9) apply dope layer (10) successively, complete lower floor's application, then with resistance to Time property cold coating applies dope layer (11) successively, completes upper strata application, front and rear to complete double-deck application；

2.6.3 mechanical application material method：It is a kind of painting of the application machinery by coating material spraying or cast on a surface of an The material of dress method, spraying or cast is SPUA, concrete slurry, bonding sizing material, coating etc.；

2.7th, hole shape ventilating board method：First use foam glass board, polystyrene board, extruded sheet, polyurethane sheet, polyethylene board or modification Polyethylene board, polyvinyl chloride panel, slabstone, concrete slab, metallic plate, plastic plate, composite panel, thermal insulation board, SPUA plate of material, The plate that one side carries groove type is made in a kind of plate or one, two or more plank in STP plates, aerogel plate, solar panels, then By the plate with groove type be placed on or build on one side roadbed tailo, Schattenseite, roadbed bottom of slope earth's surface in addition be placed on roadbed In substrate so that the wind-tunnel directly divulged information is surrounded with slope surface, slope foot ground, ground, roadbed substrate surface below groove, wind-tunnel Shape can be the regular shape such as cave dwelling shape, cave shape, the shape of a hoof, part-elliptical, zigzag, triangle, square, rectangle Shape or irregular shape；

2.8th, sandwich method is by one or both of dope layer, aerogel layer, STP plate layers are clipped in SPUA material layers, hole shape is led to Method in aerofoil layer, concrete layer, geosynthetic layer；

2.9th, coating process is aerial spraying, airless spraying, electrostatic spraying, brushing, roller coating or roller coating, electrophoresis painting, cast, dip-coating In a kind of coating process.

3. frozen earth roadbed thermal protection struc ture body according to claim 1 and its cooling means, it is characterised in that：Sun-proof cooling Coating is insulating moulding coating, a kind of coating in adiabatic coating, heat radiation coating.

4. frozen earth roadbed thermal protection struc ture body according to claim 1 and its cooling means, it is characterised in that：Weatherability tree Grease coating material is fluorine resin coating polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride, fluoroolefins-vinyl ether co-polymer, polyvinyl fluoride, gathers entirely A kind of coating in fluoropropene coating.