CN108179292B - Treatment process of aluminum alloy profile for photovoltaic module bracket - Google Patents
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/02—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working in inert or controlled atmosphere or vacuum
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- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
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- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
- C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/26—After-treatment
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of chemical materials, and particularly discloses a treatment process of an aluminum alloy section for a photovoltaic module bracket. The process comprises the steps of preparing alloy raw materials; melting and mixing the raw materials of the alloy; refining and deslagging the molten aluminum; pouring aluminum liquid; pickling the casting; plating the casting in an auxiliary way; and passivating the surface of the casting. Aiming at the existing aluminum alloy material, by adding metal elements such as Mn, Cu, Si, Mg, Ta and the like and by reasonable formula design, the strength of the alloy is effectively improved, the grain refinement degree is greatly improved, and the effect on improving the comprehensive properties such as the tensile strength, the elongation, the corrosion resistance, the oxide film forming quality and the like of the aluminum alloy is remarkable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of chemical materials, and particularly relates to a treatment process of an aluminum alloy section for a photovoltaic module bracket.
Background
The photovoltaic bracket is an important component for fixing the solar panel. At present, a photovoltaic bracket system commonly used in China is mainly divided into three types, namely a concrete bracket, a steel bracket and an aluminum alloy bracket, according to the materials of the structure. The concrete support has the advantages of great self weight and good stability, but the installation condition is higher; the steel bracket material has high bearing capacity, low price, corrosion resistance and short service life; the aluminum alloy has the characteristics of light weight, attractive appearance and durability, and is usually made of 6061 type aluminum alloy material, but the aluminum alloy material is not suitable for acid, alkali and salt environments and areas with strong corrosivity in saline-alkali soil of desert. The requirement of the current photovoltaic solar cell panel for power generation design is 25 years, the service life of the existing aluminum alloy photovoltaic support is far shorter than 25 years, the existing aluminum alloy photovoltaic support is frequently maintained or replaced, and the photovoltaic power generation efficiency is seriously influenced.
Therefore, how to prepare a high-performance aluminum alloy photovoltaic support material with good durability, high bearing capacity and long service life is the research direction in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a treatment process of an aluminum alloy section for a photovoltaic module bracket.
The technical scheme adopted for achieving the purpose of the invention is as follows: a treatment process of an aluminum alloy section for a photovoltaic module bracket comprises the following preparation steps:
1) taking Al-Mn intermediate alloy as a raw material of Mn element in the alloy, taking Mg-Ca intermediate alloy as a raw material of Ca element in the alloy, taking Al-Cr intermediate alloy as a raw material of Cr element in the alloy, taking Ta powder as a raw material of Ta element in the alloy, taking Si powder as a raw material of Si element in the alloy, taking Al-Mg intermediate alloy as a raw material of Mg element in the alloy, and taking an aluminum ingot as a raw material of Al element in the alloy;
2) cleaning the surface of an aluminum ingot, and then heating and smelting, wherein the temperature of aluminum liquid is controlled at 695 ℃;
3) adding the dried Al-Mn intermediate alloy, Mg-Ca intermediate alloy, Al-Cr intermediate alloy and Al-Mg intermediate alloy into aluminum liquid, heating the aluminum liquid to 820 ℃, adding Ta powder and Si powder into the aluminum liquid, and preserving heat for 15 minutes to ensure that the alloy raw materials are completely melted;
4) when the temperature of the aluminum liquid is increased to 860 ℃, adding a refining agent for refining to ensure that impurities float upwards or sink sufficiently, and then removing slag;
5) reducing the temperature of the refined aluminum liquid to 720 ℃ and preserving the heat for 15 minutes for pouring to prepare an aluminum alloy casting;
6) cleaning the surface of the aluminum alloy casting by using acetone, then placing the aluminum alloy casting in a tubular hydrogen furnace, heating the furnace to 720 ℃ under a vacuum condition, preserving the temperature for 15 minutes, filling hydrogen, preserving the temperature for 3 hours, and finally cooling to room temperature to finish hydrogen filling treatment;
7) pickling the aluminum alloy casting by hydrochloric acid, and cleaning the aluminum alloy casting by clear water after pickling; then, the aluminum alloy casting is immersed into a plating assistant agent containing ammonium chloride, the plating assistant time is controlled within 2 minutes, the amount of the ammonium chloride is 1 per mill of the weight of the immersed aluminum alloy casting, the aluminum alloy casting is cleaned after plating assistant, and the casting is immersed into a zinc bath, so that an alloying film is generated on the surface of the aluminum alloy casting;
8) and passivating the aluminum alloy casting with the alloying film on the surface to obtain the aluminum alloy section for the photovoltaic module bracket.
Preferably, the aluminum alloy profile for the photovoltaic module bracket comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1 to 3% of Mn, 0.05 to 1% of Ca, 0.5 to 1.5% of Cr, 0.1 to 0.5% of Ta, 0.1 to 0.5% of Si, 0.1 to 1% of Mg, and the balance of aluminum and inevitable impurities.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 2% of Mn, 0.1% of Ca, 1% of Cr, 0.25% of Ta, 0.25% of Si, 0.5% of Mg, and the balance of aluminum and inevitable impurities.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1% of Mn, 0.05% of Ca, 0.5% of Cr, 0.1% of Ta, 0.1% of Si, 0.1% of Mg, and the balance of aluminum and inevitable impurities.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3% of Mn, 0.08% of Ca, 1.5% of Cr, 0.5% of Ta, 0.5% of Si, 1% of Mg, and the balance of aluminum and inevitable impurities.
The technical advantages of the invention are as follows:
1) aiming at the existing aluminum alloy material, by adding metal elements such as Mn, Cu, Si, Mg, Ta and the like and by reasonable formula design, the prepared aluminum alloy material effectively improves the strength of the alloy, greatly improves the grain refinement degree, and has obvious effects on improving the comprehensive properties such as tensile strength, elongation, corrosion resistance, oxide film forming quality and the like of the aluminum alloy.
2) In the formula system of the invention, a proper amount of tantalum is added, so that the cast alloy crystal grains can be refined, and the recrystallization temperature can be increased, thereby increasing the strength of the aluminum alloy and obviously improving the heat resistance, corrosion resistance and thermal stability of the aluminum alloy. Meanwhile, in the preparation process of the aluminum alloy material, the aluminum alloy casting with the alloying film on the surface is passivated, so that the corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy material is further improved.
3) The tensile strength and the yield strength of the aluminum alloy material are obviously improved, the tensile strength reaches more than 250MPa, and the elongation reaches 10%.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and any equivalents in form or detail which are based on the inventive concept are intended to be included therein.
Example 1
Taking 20kg as an example, calculating the mass of the intermediate alloy according to the mixture ratio of Al-2Mn-0.1Ca-1Cr-0.25Ta-0.25Si-0.5Mg, and preparing materials.
1) Preparing materials according to the proportion of alloy components, adding Mn element in the form of Al-Mn master alloy, adding Ca element in the form of Mg-Ca master alloy, adding Cr element in the form of Al-Cr master alloy, adding Ta element in the form of tantalum powder, adding Si element in the form of Si powder, and adding Mg element in the form of Al-Mg master alloy.
2) Cleaning the surface of an aluminum ingot, and then heating and smelting, wherein the temperature of aluminum liquid is controlled at 695 ℃;
3) adding the dried Al-Mn intermediate alloy, Mg-Ca intermediate alloy, Al-Cr intermediate alloy and Al-Mg intermediate alloy into aluminum liquid, heating the aluminum liquid to 820 ℃, adding Ta powder and Si powder into the aluminum liquid, and preserving heat for 15 minutes to ensure that the alloy raw materials are completely melted;
4) when the temperature of the aluminum liquid is increased to 860 ℃, adding a refining agent for refining to ensure that impurities float upwards or sink sufficiently, and then removing slag;
5) reducing the temperature of the refined aluminum liquid to 720 ℃ and preserving the heat for 15 minutes for pouring to prepare an aluminum alloy casting;
6) cleaning the surface of the aluminum alloy casting by using acetone, then placing the aluminum alloy casting in a tubular hydrogen furnace, heating the furnace to 720 ℃ under a vacuum condition, preserving the temperature for 15 minutes, filling hydrogen, preserving the temperature for 3 hours, and finally cooling to room temperature to finish hydrogen filling treatment;
7) pickling the aluminum alloy casting by hydrochloric acid, and cleaning the aluminum alloy casting by clear water after pickling; then, immersing the aluminum alloy casting into a plating assistant agent containing ammonium chloride, cleaning the aluminum alloy casting after plating assistant, immersing the aluminum alloy casting into a zinc bath, wherein the using amount of the ammonium chloride is 1 per mill of the weight of the immersed aluminum alloy casting, and the plating assistant time is controlled to be 2 minutes, so that an alloying film is generated on the surface of the aluminum alloy casting;
8) and passivating the aluminum alloy casting with the surface containing the alloying film to obtain the aluminum alloy material for the photovoltaic bracket.
Example 2
Taking 20kg as an example, taking Al-1Mn-0.05Ca-0.5Cr-0.1Ta-0.1Si-0.1Mg as an example, calculating the mass of the intermediate alloy, and preparing materials.
1) Preparing materials according to the proportion of alloy components, adding Mn element in the form of Al-Mn master alloy, adding Ca element in the form of Mg-Ca master alloy, adding Cr element in the form of Al-Cr master alloy, adding Ta element in the form of tantalum powder, adding Si element in the form of Si powder, and adding Mg element in the form of Al-Mg master alloy.
2) Cleaning the surface of an aluminum ingot, and then heating and smelting, wherein the temperature of aluminum liquid is controlled at 695 ℃;
3) adding the dried Al-Mn intermediate alloy, Mg-Ca intermediate alloy, Al-Cr intermediate alloy and Al-Mg intermediate alloy into aluminum liquid, heating the aluminum liquid to 820 ℃, adding Ta powder and Si powder into the aluminum liquid, and preserving heat for 15 minutes to ensure that the alloy raw materials are completely melted;
4) when the temperature of the aluminum liquid is increased to 860 ℃, adding a refining agent for refining to ensure that impurities float upwards or sink sufficiently, and then removing slag;
5) reducing the temperature of the refined aluminum liquid to 720 ℃ and preserving the heat for 15 minutes for pouring to prepare an aluminum alloy casting;
6) cleaning the surface of the aluminum alloy casting by using acetone, then placing the aluminum alloy casting in a tubular hydrogen furnace, heating the furnace to 720 ℃ under a vacuum condition, preserving the temperature for 15 minutes, filling hydrogen, preserving the temperature for 3 hours, and finally cooling to room temperature to finish hydrogen filling treatment;
7) pickling the aluminum alloy casting by hydrochloric acid, and cleaning the aluminum alloy casting by clear water after pickling; then, immersing the aluminum alloy casting into a plating assistant agent containing ammonium chloride, cleaning the aluminum alloy casting after plating assistant, immersing the aluminum alloy casting into a zinc bath, wherein the using amount of the ammonium chloride is 1 per mill of the weight of the immersed aluminum alloy casting, and the plating assistant time is controlled to be 2 minutes, so that an alloying film is generated on the surface of the aluminum alloy casting;
8) and passivating the aluminum alloy casting with the surface containing the alloying film to obtain the aluminum alloy material for the photovoltaic bracket.
Example 3
Taking 20kg as an example, the mass of the master alloy is calculated according to the mixture ratio of Al-3Mn-0.08Ca-1.5Cr-0.5Ta-0.5Si-1Mg, and the materials are prepared.
1) Preparing materials according to the proportion of alloy components, adding Mn element in the form of Al-Mn master alloy, adding Ca element in the form of Mg-Ca master alloy, adding Cr element in the form of Al-Cr master alloy, adding Ta element in the form of tantalum powder, adding Si element in the form of Si powder, and adding Mg element in the form of Al-Mg master alloy.
2) Cleaning the surface of an aluminum ingot, and then heating and smelting, wherein the temperature of aluminum liquid is controlled at 695 ℃;
3) adding the dried Al-Mn intermediate alloy, Mg-Ca intermediate alloy, Al-Cr intermediate alloy and Al-Mg intermediate alloy into aluminum liquid, heating the aluminum liquid to 820 ℃, adding Ta powder and Si powder into the aluminum liquid, and preserving heat for 15 minutes to ensure that the alloy raw materials are completely melted;
4) when the temperature of the aluminum liquid is increased to 860 ℃, adding a refining agent for refining to ensure that impurities float upwards or sink sufficiently, and then removing slag;
5) reducing the temperature of the refined aluminum liquid to 720 ℃ and preserving the heat for 15 minutes for pouring to prepare an aluminum alloy casting;
6) cleaning the surface of the aluminum alloy casting by using acetone, then placing the aluminum alloy casting in a tubular hydrogen furnace, heating the furnace to 720 ℃ under a vacuum condition, preserving the temperature for 15 minutes, filling hydrogen, preserving the temperature for 3 hours, and finally cooling to room temperature to finish hydrogen filling treatment;
7) pickling the aluminum alloy casting by hydrochloric acid, and cleaning the aluminum alloy casting by clear water after pickling; then, immersing the aluminum alloy casting into a plating assistant agent containing ammonium chloride, cleaning the aluminum alloy casting after plating assistant, immersing the aluminum alloy casting into a zinc bath, wherein the using amount of the ammonium chloride is 1 per mill of the weight of the immersed aluminum alloy casting, and the plating assistant time is controlled to be 2 minutes, so that an alloying film is generated on the surface of the aluminum alloy casting;
8) and passivating the aluminum alloy casting with the surface containing the alloying film to obtain the aluminum alloy material for the photovoltaic bracket.
Claims (1)
1. The treatment process of the aluminum alloy profile for the photovoltaic module bracket is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the preparation process comprises the following preparation steps:
1) calculating the mass of the intermediate alloy according to the proportion of Al-1Mn-0.05Ca-0.5Cr-0.1Ta-0.1Si-0.1Mg, preparing materials according to the proportion of alloy components, adding Mn element in the form of Al-Mn intermediate alloy, adding Ca element in the form of Mg-Ca intermediate alloy, adding Cr element in the form of Al-Cr intermediate alloy, adding Ta element in the form of tantalum powder, adding Si element in the form of Si powder, and adding Mg element in the form of Al-Mg intermediate alloy;
2) cleaning the surface of an aluminum ingot, and then heating and smelting, wherein the temperature of aluminum liquid is controlled at 695 ℃;
3) adding the dried Al-Mn intermediate alloy, Mg-Ca intermediate alloy, Al-Cr intermediate alloy and Al-Mg intermediate alloy into aluminum liquid, heating the aluminum liquid to 820 ℃, adding Ta powder and Si powder into the aluminum liquid, and preserving heat for 15 minutes to ensure that the alloy raw materials are completely melted;
4) when the temperature of the aluminum liquid is increased to 860 ℃, adding a refining agent for refining to ensure that impurities float upwards or sink sufficiently, and then removing slag;
5) reducing the temperature of the refined aluminum liquid to 720 ℃ and preserving the heat for 15 minutes for pouring to prepare an aluminum alloy casting;
6) cleaning the surface of the aluminum alloy casting by using acetone, then placing the aluminum alloy casting in a tubular hydrogen furnace, heating the furnace to 720 ℃ under a vacuum condition, preserving the temperature for 15 minutes, filling hydrogen, preserving the temperature for 3 hours, and finally cooling to room temperature to finish hydrogen filling treatment;
7) pickling the aluminum alloy casting by hydrochloric acid, and cleaning the aluminum alloy casting by clear water after pickling; then, immersing the aluminum alloy casting into a plating assistant agent containing ammonium chloride, cleaning the aluminum alloy casting after plating assistant, immersing the aluminum alloy casting into a zinc bath, wherein the using amount of the ammonium chloride is 1 per mill of the weight of the immersed aluminum alloy casting, and the plating assistant time is controlled to be 2 minutes, so that an alloying film is generated on the surface of the aluminum alloy casting;
8) and passivating the aluminum alloy casting with the surface containing the alloying film to obtain the aluminum alloy material for the photovoltaic bracket.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104975205A (en) * | 2015-06-02 | 2015-10-14 | 金海新源电气江苏有限公司 | Treatment process of aluminum alloy section for photovoltaic assembly support |
| CN105401018A (en) * | 2015-11-14 | 2016-03-16 | 合肥标兵凯基新型材料有限公司 | High-strength high-toughness ultra-fine grain wrought aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN105803274A (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2016-07-27 | 江苏亿禾新材料有限公司 | Solar photovoltaic aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN106906384A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-06-30 | 云南锴晟特种金属有限公司 | A kind of aluminium alloy and its preparation technology and application |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104975205A (en) * | 2015-06-02 | 2015-10-14 | 金海新源电气江苏有限公司 | Treatment process of aluminum alloy section for photovoltaic assembly support |
| CN105401018A (en) * | 2015-11-14 | 2016-03-16 | 合肥标兵凯基新型材料有限公司 | High-strength high-toughness ultra-fine grain wrought aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN105803274A (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2016-07-27 | 江苏亿禾新材料有限公司 | Solar photovoltaic aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN106906384A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-06-30 | 云南锴晟特种金属有限公司 | A kind of aluminium alloy and its preparation technology and application |
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