CN108169980A - 显示装置 - Google Patents

显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108169980A
CN108169980A CN201711458771.5A CN201711458771A CN108169980A CN 108169980 A CN108169980 A CN 108169980A CN 201711458771 A CN201711458771 A CN 201711458771A CN 108169980 A CN108169980 A CN 108169980A
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liquid crystal
substrate
electrode
display device
electrode strip
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查国伟
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Wuhan China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Wuhan China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201711458771.5A priority Critical patent/CN108169980A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2018/073061 priority patent/WO2019127712A1/zh
Priority to US15/754,572 priority patent/US20190384125A1/en
Publication of CN108169980A publication Critical patent/CN108169980A/zh
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    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种显示装置，其包括：液晶面板；背光模块，与液晶面板相对设置；液晶光栅，设置于液晶面板和背光模块之间，液晶光栅包括：第一基板；第二基板，与第一基板相对设置且位于第一基板和背光模块之间；液晶，填充于第一基板和第二基板之间；第一电极，设置于第一基板的朝向第二基板的表面上；第二电极，设置于第二基板的朝向第一基板的表面上，第一电极和/或第二电极包括多个电极条，每个电极条被单独地提供电压。本发明的显示装置可以实现2D/3D显示，并且在进行2D显示时可以显著改善液晶面板的显示对比度，从而实现高动态对比度的显示效果。

Description

显示装置
技术领域
本发明属于显示技术领域，具体地讲，涉及一种能够实现2D/3D显示且在2D显示时具有高对比度的显示装置。
背景技术
3D显示技术由于能够再现自然界中人类所熟悉的认知方式已经成为未来显示技术的必然发展趋势，其中裸眼3D技术由于摆脱了复杂的辅助设备而大受欢迎。实现裸眼3D显示的方式多种多样，在3D显示技术尚未完全取代2D显示的当前环境下，液晶光栅由于可自由切换2D/3D模式并且不对2D显示分辨率产生影响，成为当前裸眼3D技术发展的一个重要方向。
目前，根据液晶光栅相对于2D显示面板的相对关系可分为前置式和后置式，其中前置式是将液晶光栅放置于2D显示面板的上方，而后置式将液晶光栅放置于2D显示面板与背光模块之间。所述液晶光栅包括上下基板、上下基板之间的液晶层以及上下偏光片，其中液晶层通过在不同区域施加电压使得液晶分子的角度沿着空间出现一定的分布，形成明暗交替的光栅式结构进行分光。而在视点设计上，液晶光栅与传统光栅类似，光栅条的排布方向可以采用与像素平行的结构，与2D显示面板搭配构成两视点设计；或者采用倾斜光栅(即光栅排布方向与像素排布呈现一定的夹角)，并与2D显示面板搭配构成多视点设计。
然而，受限于目前3D产业发展的局限性，市面上大部分的影视内容均为2D内容，因而3D显示装置在大部分情形下也需要播放2D显示内容。由于液晶光栅可通过电压进行灵活控制，在穿透率损失方面可以将2D显示画质影响降低到最小，但总体上在播放2D显示内容时，液晶光栅处于闲置无用的状态。使得场景使用较少的液晶光栅客观上造成了显示装置厚度的增加，但是功能面却使用有限的窘境，如何充分发掘液晶光栅的作用，使得液晶光栅即使在使用场景更多的2D显示领域也能发挥作用成为一个重要的突破方向。
在显示装置的分辨率、色域、响应时间、帧率等逐渐满足消费者需求的情况下，提高显示装置的对比度成为当前的重点突破技术之一。相对于自发光的OLED显示技术，受限与液晶分子排布的不规则性与偏光片的有限极化特性，液晶显示装置的暗态及相关的对比度具有天然的劣势，目前的解决方法是通过动态分区背光的方式来实现的。在大尺寸液晶显示装置领域，可通过设置直下式背光模块来实现动态分区背光，而在对尺寸厚度敏感的中小尺寸液晶显示装置领域，侧入式背光模块本身在分区背光设计具有天生的劣势，因此如何进一步实现动态对比度的提升是中小尺寸的侧入式背光液晶显示装置的当务之急。
发明内容
为了解决上述现有技术存在的问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种实现2D/3D显示且在2D显示时具有高对比度的显示装置。
根据本发明的一方面，提供了一种显示装置，其包括：液晶面板；背光模块，与所述液晶面板相对设置；液晶光栅，设置于所述液晶面板和所述背光模块之间，所述液晶光栅包括：第一基板；第二基板，与所述第一基板相对设置且位于所述第一基板和所述背光模块之间；液晶，填充于所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间；第一电极，设置于所述第一基板的朝向所述第二基板的表面上；第二电极，设置于所述第二基板的朝向所述第一基板的表面上，所述第一电极和/或所述第二电极包括多个电极条，每个电极条被单独地提供电压。
进一步地，当所述第一电极和所述第二电极包括多个电极条时，所述第一电极的电极条与所述第二电极的电极条一一对应相对。
进一步地，所述多个电极条阵列排布，每个电极条沿着阵列的列方向延伸。
进一步地，所述液晶面板包括阵列排布的多个像素，每个电极条与至少一个像素对应相对。
进一步地，所述多个电极沿阵列的行方向间隔排布，并且每个电极条沿着阵列的列方向延伸。
进一步地，所述液晶面板包括阵列排布的多个像素，每个电极条与至少一列像素对应相对。
进一步地，所述液晶光栅还包括多个晶体管，所述晶体管与所述电极条一一对应连接，每个晶体管独立地向对应的一个电极条提供电压。
进一步地，所述液晶光栅还包括下偏光片，所述下偏光片设置于所述第二基板和所述背光模块之间。
进一步地，所述液晶面板包括：液晶盒，与所述第一基板相对设置；上偏光片，设置于所述液晶盒的背向所述第一基板的一侧；中偏光片，设置于所述液晶盒与所述第一基板之间。
进一步地，所述背光模块为侧入式背光模块。
本发明的有益效果：本发明的显示装置可以实现2D/3D显示，并且在进行2D显示时由于各个电极条的电压被独立地控制，因此各个电极条所对应的液晶可被单独控制使背光通过或不通过，从而能够形成像素级的亮度控制的背光提供给液晶面板显示使用，这样可以显著改善液晶面板的显示对比度，进而实现高动态对比度的显示效果。
附图说明
通过结合附图进行的以下描述，本发明的实施例的上述和其它方面、特点和优点将变得更加清楚，附图中：
图1是根据本发明的实施例的显示装置的结构示意图；
图2是根据本发明的实施例的电极条的排布方式以及电极条与液晶面板的像素的对应关系的示意图；
图3是根据本发明的另一实施例的电极条的排布方式以及电极条与液晶面板的像素的对应关系的示意图；
图4是根据本发明的又一实施例的显示装置的结构示意图；
图5是根据本发明的又一实施例的显示装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
以下，将参照附图来详细描述本发明的实施例。然而，可以以许多不同的形式来实施本发明，并且本发明不应该被解释为限制于这里阐述的具体实施例。相反，提供这些实施例是为了解释本发明的原理及其实际应用，从而使本领域的其他技术人员能够理解本发明的各种实施例和适合于特定预期应用的各种修改。
在附图中，为了清楚起见，夸大了层和区域的厚度。相同的标号在整个说明书和附图中表示相同的元器件。
图1是根据本发明的实施例的显示装置的结构示意图。
参照图1，根据本发明的实施例的显示装置包括：液晶面板100、背光模块200和液晶光栅300。
液晶面板100和背光模块200相对设置。液晶面板100可以包括：液晶盒110以及贴附于液晶盒110的相对两侧的上偏光片120和中偏光片130。在本实施例中，液晶盒110的显示模式并不作具体限定，其可以是扭曲向列型(TN)模式、面内转换型(IPS)模式、面内开关型(FFS)模式或者垂直配向型(VA)模式等。
液晶光栅300设置于液晶面板100和背光模块200之间。液晶光栅300包括第一基板310、第二基板320、液晶330、第一电极340和第二电极350。
第一基板310设置于液晶面板100和背光模块200之间，第二基板320设置于第一基板310和背光模块200之间。在本实施例中，第一基板310和第二基板320可以为玻璃基板，也可以为由柔性材料聚酰亚胺等制成的柔性基板。液晶330设置于第一基板310和第二基板320之间，液晶330包括若干液晶分子。这里，并不对液晶分子的排列方式进行限制，其可以根据液晶光栅300的设置模式来设置液晶分子的排列方式。
第一电极340设置于第一基板310的朝向第二基板320的表面上，第二电极350设置于第二基板320的朝向第一基板310的表面上。在本实施例中，第一电极340包括多个电极条DT，而第二电极350整面铺设在第二基板320的朝向第一基板310的表面上。
此外，背光模块200可以是侧入式背光模块，但本发明并不限制于此，例如也可以是直下式背光模块。
图2是根据本发明的实施例的电极条的排布方式以及电极条与液晶面板的像素的对应关系的示意图。在图2中，上图为液晶面板的像素的排布图，下图为电极条的排布图。
参照图1和图2，液晶面板100的液晶盒110可以包括多个像素PX。在本实施例中，每个像素PX可以包括红色子像素、绿色子像素和蓝色子像素，但本发明并不限制于此。多个像素PX阵列分布。
多个电极条DT阵列分布，并且每个电极条DT沿阵列的列方向延伸，每个电极条DT被独立提供电压。具体地，液晶光栅300还可以包括多个晶体管360，晶体管360与电极条DT一一对应连接，每个晶体管360向其连接对应的一个电极条DT提供电压。在本实施例中，电极条DT对应一个像素PX，但本发明并不限制于此，例如电极条DT还可以对应两个、三个或者更多个像素PX。
此外，继续参照图1，液晶光栅300还可以包括下偏光片370，下偏光片370设置于第二基板320和背光模块200之间。在本实施例中，上偏光片120、中偏光片130和下偏光片370的透光轴的设置不作具体限定，三者之间的透光轴的设置能够保证显示装置进行2D显示或者3D显示即可。此外，液晶光栅300共用液晶面板100的中偏光片130，这样可以降低成本的同时减小显示装置的厚度。作为本发明的另一实施方式，液晶光栅300可以在中偏光片130和第一基板310之间额外设置一片偏光片。
当根据本发明的实施例的显示装置进行3D显示时，液晶光栅300通过电压控制进行分光，从而实现3D显示。
当根据本发明的实施例的显示装置进行2D显示时，当背光模块300出射背光时，由于各个电极条DT的电压被独立地控制，因此各个电极条DT所对应的液晶330可被单独控制使背光通过或不通过，从而能够形成像素级的亮度控制的背光，而这样的背光提供给液晶面板100供液晶面板100使用显示时，可以显著改善液晶面板100的显示对比度，进而实现高动态对比度的显示效果。
图3是根据本发明的另一实施例的电极条的排布方式以及电极条与液晶面板的像素的对应关系的示意图。在图3中，上图为液晶面板的像素的排布图，下图为电极条的排布图。
参照图3，与图2所示的电极条的排布方式以及电极条与液晶面板的像素的对应关系的不同之处在于：多个电极条DT沿阵列的行方向间隔分布，并且每个电极条DT沿阵列的列方向延伸，每个电极条DT被独立提供电压。
这样，每个电极条DT与一列像素PX对应相对，但本发明并不限制于此，例如每个电极条DT还可以与两列、三列或者更多列像素PX相对，但一个电极条DT不能对应所有列像素PX。
图4是根据本发明的又一实施例的显示装置的结构示意图。
参照图4，与图1所示的显示装置的不同之处在于：第二电极350包括多个电极条DT，而第一电极340整面铺设在第一基板310的朝向第二基板320的表面上。第二电极350的多个电极条DT可以采用图2所示的电极条排布方式排布或者图3所示的电极条排布方式排布。
图5是根据本发明的又一实施例的显示装置的结构示意图。
参照图5，与图1所示的显示装置的不同之处在于：第一电极340和第二电极350均包括多个电极条DT。第一电极340的多个电极条DT可以采用图2所示的电极条排布方式排布或者图3所示的电极条排布方式排布，而第二电极350的多个电极条DT也可以采用图2所示的电极条排布方式排布或者图3所示的电极条排布方式排布。
此外，为了保证对液晶330的驱动一致，第一电极340的电极条DT与第二电极350的电极条DT一一对应相对。
综上所述，根据本发明的实施例的显示装置可以实现2D/3D显示，并且在进行2D显示时由于各个电极条的电压被独立地控制，因此各个电极条所对应的液晶可被单独控制使背光通过或不通过，从而能够形成像素级的亮度控制的背光提供给液晶面板显示使用，这样可以显著改善液晶面板的显示对比度，进而实现高动态对比度的显示效果。
虽然已经参照特定实施例示出并描述了本发明，但是本领域的技术人员将理解：在不脱离由权利要求及其等同物限定的本发明的精神和范围的情况下，可在此进行形式和细节上的各种变化。

Claims (10)

1.一种显示装置，其特征在于，包括：
液晶面板；
背光模块，与所述液晶面板相对设置；
液晶光栅，设置于所述液晶面板和所述背光模块之间，所述液晶光栅包括：
第一基板；
第二基板，与所述第一基板相对设置且位于所述第一基板和所述背光模块之间；
液晶，填充于所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间；
第一电极，设置于所述第一基板的朝向所述第二基板的表面上；
第二电极，设置于所述第二基板的朝向所述第一基板的表面上，所述第一电极和/或所述第二电极包括多个电极条，每个电极条被单独地提供电压。
2.根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其特征在于，当所述第一电极和所述第二电极包括多个电极条时，所述第一电极的电极条与所述第二电极的电极条一一对应相对。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述多个电极条阵列排布，每个电极条沿着阵列的列方向延伸。
4.根据权利要求3所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述液晶面板包括阵列排布的多个像素，每个电极条与至少一个像素对应相对。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述多个电极沿阵列的行方向间隔排布，并且每个电极条沿着阵列的列方向延伸。
6.根据权利要求5所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述液晶面板包括阵列排布的多个像素，每个电极条与至少一列像素对应相对。
7.根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述液晶光栅还包括多个晶体管，所述晶体管与所述电极条一一对应连接，每个晶体管独立地向对应的一个电极条提供电压。
8.根据权利要求1或7所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述液晶光栅还包括下偏光片，所述下偏光片设置于所述第二基板和所述背光模块之间。
9.根据权利要求8所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述液晶面板包括：
液晶盒，与所述第一基板相对设置；
上偏光片，设置于所述液晶盒的背向所述第一基板的一侧；
中偏光片，设置于所述液晶盒与所述第一基板之间。
10.根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述背光模块为侧入式背光模块。
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