CN108169755A - A kind of High Precision Long-distance laser range finder and distance measuring method - Google Patents

A kind of High Precision Long-distance laser range finder and distance measuring method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108169755A
CN108169755A CN201711335041.6A CN201711335041A CN108169755A CN 108169755 A CN108169755 A CN 108169755A CN 201711335041 A CN201711335041 A CN 201711335041A CN 108169755 A CN108169755 A CN 108169755A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
laser
distance
module
range finder
high precision
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Pending
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CN201711335041.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
许朝辉
王延锋
臧佳
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Luoyang Institute of Electro Optical Equipment AVIC
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Luoyang Institute of Electro Optical Equipment AVIC
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Priority to CN201711335041.6A priority Critical patent/CN108169755A/en
Publication of CN108169755A publication Critical patent/CN108169755A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
    • G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
    • G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
    • G01S7/484—Transmitters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
    • G01S7/486—Receivers

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of High Precision Long-distance laser range finder and distance measuring methods, including laser optical system, laser emitting module, reception and amplifying circuit, distance member, display and control unit, battery component, feux rouges indicator etc., it is characterized in that system altitude integrates, miniaturization, modularization, suitable for the use demand of precision distance measurement environment.Laser transmitting antenna and laser receiving antenna, are respectively adopted double cemented objectives and Galilean telescope form carries out light splitting design, have the characteristics that small, light-weight.High Precision Long-distance laser range finder can be used for being not easy proximity object bulk measurement, building gauge quickly measures, level of filler material measurement, the monitoring of safety of ship stop position, the positioning etc. of railway contact net measuring, crane and handling facilities.

Description

A kind of High Precision Long-distance laser range finder and distance measuring method
Technical field
The invention belongs to detecting technique and applications, are related to a kind of High Precision Long-distance laser range finder and distance measuring method, Available for being not easy proximity object bulk measurement, building gauge quickly measures, level of filler material measure, safety of ship stop position monitoring, Positioning of railway contact net measuring, crane and handling facilities etc..
Background technology
There are the problems such as ranging distance is near, environmental suitability is poor for precision distance measurement machine currently on the market.High Precision Long-distance Laser range finder employs highly integrated integrated design, the modulated high power laser light of high frequency emits, modulation laser high sensitivity degree connects The new techniques such as receipts, high-precision phase demodulation have remote high-precision range capability and stronger environmental suitability ability, range capability 150m common from existing market or so has been increased to more than 300m, has better met the market demand.
Invention content
Technical problems to be solved
In order to avoid the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of High Precision Long-distance laser range finder and ranging side Method.
Technical solution
A kind of High Precision Long-distance laser range finder, it is characterised in that：Including receive with amplifying circuit, distance member, Display and control unit, laser optical system and laser emitting module, the laser optical system include laser receiving antenna and Laser transmitting antenna；The distance member includes core processing module, and core processing module passes through communication module and display and control Component connection processed, connect with emission control module, mixing and filtering module and high pressure generation module；Emission control module is sent out with laser Penetrate antenna connection；Laser receiving antenna is connect with receiving with amplifying circuit, and reception is connect with amplifying circuit with mixing and filtering module； Mixing and filtering module and emission control module generate the main signal driving laser emitting module that shakes and send out continuous modulation laser, by swashing Light emitting antenna narrows laser output pulse, transmitting irradiation target after shaping output；From the reflected echo of target Signal is received through laser receiving antenna, is input to reception and amplifying circuit is amplified, export to mixing and filtering module, by core Heart processing module calculates phase of echo delay, and calculates the accurate distance information of target；The laser emitting module is using sharp Optical diode is as light source；The laser transmitting antenna is using double cemented objectives as collimator objective, the laser receiving antenna Using Galilean telescope structure.
Plane of refraction number in the laser receiving antenna：K1=4；The thickness d ≈ 15.4mm of each lens material；Spike filter Transmitance be 0.9.
The laser receiving antenna is not more than 65mm using global face lens design, optical tube length.
Double cemented objective plane of refraction numbers of the laser transmitting antenna：K1=3；The thickness d ≈ 22mm of lens material.
For double cemented objectives as collimator objective using aspheric design, optical tube length is not more than 84mm.
Double cemented objectives use K9 or ZF6 glass materials as collimator objective.
The reception uses the 1550nm high sensitivity InGaAs type detectors with spike filter with amplifying circuit.
A kind of method that ranging is carried out using the High Precision Long-distance laser range finder, it is characterised in that step is as follows：
Step 1：Display and control unit control battery component after the power is turned on, to show and control for High Precision Long-distance laser range finder Component processed is in control distance member and receives amplifier unit completion product self-inspection, and status information is exported and is shown；
Step 2：Feux rouges indicator is controlled to carry out feux rouges instruction to target by display and control unit；
Step 3：Mixing and filtering module and emission control module generate the main signal driving laser emitting module that shakes and send out continuously Modulate laser irradiation target；After laser diode receives driving modulation frequency signal, by sine wave modulation on laser, to swash Light obtains the laser signal of modulation frequency, forms the continuous laser output by amplitude modulation as carrier wave；
The frequency f of the sine wave；
Step 4：The laser signal of modulation frequency by laser transmitting antenna to laser export pulse narrowed, shaping into Row transmitting；
Step 5：Laser signal, which encounters, carries out the laser that target diffusing reflection is returned by laser receiving antenna after target returns It collects, convergence, is input to reception and amplifying circuit is converted, amplifies output；The signal of output generates delay Δ t, modulating wave It returns to when the phase ratio of transmitting-receiving point is sent out and delaysAngle：
Step 6：It is exported after received amplifying circuit amplification and gives mixing and filtering module, accurately calculated by core processing module Phase of echo postpones, and the accurate distance information D for calculating target is exported by communication module to display and control unit；It is described
Wherein：C/f is the wavelength of modulating wave, is represented with λ, and c is the light velocity；It isN number of complete cycle of middle modulating wave is not The mantissa of a sufficient complete cycle.
Advantageous effect
A kind of High Precision Long-distance laser range finder and distance measuring method proposed by the present invention, including laser optical system, laser Transmitting module, reception and amplifying circuit, distance member, display and control unit, battery component, feux rouges indicator etc., feature It is integrated for system altitude, miniaturization, modularization, suitable for the use demand of precision distance measurement environment.Laser transmitting antenna and swash Light receiver aerial, is respectively adopted double cemented objectives and Galilean telescope form carries out light splitting design, has small, light-weight The characteristics of.High Precision Long-distance laser range finder is available for being not easy proximity object bulk measurement, building gauge quickly measures, level of filler material Measurement, the monitoring of safety of ship stop position, the positioning etc. of railway contact net measuring, crane and handling facilities.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1：It is a kind of High Precision Long-distance laser range finder theory of constitution figure
Fig. 2：It is laser optical system theory of constitution figure
Fig. 2-1：Transmitting antenna optical system diagram
Fig. 2-2：Reception antenna optical system diagram
Fig. 2-3：Reception antenna disc of confusion
Fig. 3：It is the theory of constitution figure of distance member
Fig. 4：It is to show and the theory of constitution figure of control unit
Fig. 5：Ranging phase method schematic diagram
Fig. 6：Double frequency instrumentation plan
Fig. 7：Difference frequency surveys facies principle figure
Specific embodiment
In conjunction with embodiment, attached drawing, the invention will be further described：
A kind of High Precision Long-distance laser range finder, including following seven function modules：Laser optical system, Laser emission mould Block, reception and amplifying circuit, distance member, display and control unit, battery component, feux rouges indicator.
Fig. 1 is a kind of High Precision Long-distance laser range finder theory of constitution figure, and display and control unit control battery component are After the power is turned on, display and control unit in control distance member and receive amplifier unit completion product to High Precision Long-distance laser range finder Self-test, and status information is exported and is shown.
Display and control unit control battery component for High Precision Long-distance laser range finder after the power is turned on, display and control unit In control distance member and amplifier unit completion product self-inspection is received, and status information is exported and is shown.
Feux rouges indicator is controlled to carry out feux rouges instruction to target, then control laser emitting module by display and control unit High frequency adjustable laser light beam is exported, is collected by the reflected laser of target by laser optical system and enters reception and amplification Circuit, carries out opto-electronic conversion and amplification output, signal enter distance member, be digitized by phase demodulation module microprocessor etc. Signal processing is finally exported range information to display module, the accurate distance information of final output display target.
Fig. 2 is laser optical system theory of constitution figure, exports pulse to laser by laser transmitting antenna and is narrowed, is whole Shape exports, and the laser returned by laser receiving antenna to target diffusing reflection is collected, converges, and is input to reception and amplifying circuit It converted, amplify output.
In High Precision Long-distance laser range finder, main component be laser transmitting antenna and laser receiving antenna, optics Antenna is used to narrow shaping to transmitting module output beam progress light beam, exports the laser beam met the requirements；To field of view of receiver The laser signal that interior target diffusing reflection is returned is collected.
Laser optical system scheme：
Laser optical system is divided into laser receiving antenna, laser transmitting antenna two parts.Laser receiving antenna is by reception object Mirror receives the compositions such as eyepiece, spike filter.Wherein laser transmitting antenna completes light beam by collimator objective and narrows shaping.Laser Optical system theory of constitution figure is as shown in Figure 2.
Requirement to the function module is：
Functional requirement
Optical antenna has following function：
A) light beam is carried out to the laser of transmitting module outgoing and narrows shaping；
B) output meets the laser beam of system requirements；
C) in field of view of receiver, the laser signal returned through target diffusing reflection is collected；
Performance requirement
Transmitting antenna performance requirement：
A) emit effective clear aperture：Φ20mm；
B) beam divergence angle：≤1.6mrad；
C) transmitting antenna transmitance：>=90%；
Reception antenna performance requirement：
A) service band：1.49 μm~1.59 μm；
B) reception antenna effective aperture：Φ20mm；
C) field of view of receiver：≥3mrad；
Receiving optics transmitance：>=85% (including optical filter)；
Laser optical system the key technical indexes is as follows：
D) emit effective clear aperture：Φ20mm；
E) beam divergence angle：≤2mrad；
F) optical transmitting system transmitance：>=90%；
G) effective clear aperture is received：Φ20mm；
H) field of view of receiver：≥3mrad；
I) receiving optics transmitance：>=85% (including optical filter).
Laser emitting module scheme：
Laser emitting module major function is to generate the laser beam that meets the requirements, using laser diode as light source, And it carries out narrowing shaping in mutually orthogonal fast axle and slow-axis direction.After driving modulation frequency signal is received, formed by width The continuous laser output of degree modulation.
Laser emitting module main performance index is as follows：
A) operating wavelength range：1550nm±20nm；
B) laser diode power：≥5mW；
C) angle of divergence：≤14°×18°；
D) operating temperature range：- 20 DEG C~+40 DEG C.
Specific technical solution
According to requiring, transmitting reception antenna has following function：
A) transmitting antenna：Light beam is carried out to transmitting module outgoing beam and narrows shaping；
B) reception antenna：Shrink beam is carried out to the laser echo signal returned in visual field through target diffusing reflection, is collected.
Following technology is used in the present invention：
A) transmitting antenna uses the design method of double cemented objectives；
B) reception antenna uses the design method of Galilean telescope.
Composition and working principle
Reception antenna is made of telephotolens, telescopic ocular.Transmitting antenna is by for a cemented doublet.As shown in Figure 2：
Transmitting antenna designs
A) configuration selects
Transmitting antenna is using double glued forms.Take this form that there are following features：
(1) it is simple in structure, conducive to ray machine processing and adjustment；
(2) price is low；
(3) it is double glued conducive to spherical aberration corrector and coma.
B) parameter is drafted
(1) clear aperture selects
The selection of transmitting antenna clear aperture considers structure boundary size restriction requirements, while the size of clear aperture Influence the luminous flux of laser output.Consider above-mentioned factor, it may be determined that the clear aperture of laser transmitting antenna is Φ 20mm.
(2) focal length selects
Consider the limitation of length and the transmitting module outgoing beam angle of divergence, the focal length of transmitting antenna is determined as 80mm.
(3) optical material is chosen
Consider the physicochemical property of material, machined surface type, design difficulty, material price, using visible ray K9, ZF6 glass Glass.
C) design result
Transmitting antenna design result is as shown in Fig. 2-1.Using aspheric design, optical tube length is not more than 84mm.
Reception antenna designs
A) configuration selects
Reception antenna is using the form for being inverted Galileo telescopic system.Take this form that there are following features：
(1) shorten optical tube length, make compact-sized；
(2) conducive to optics anaberration.
(3) it is simple in structure, convenient for ray machine processing and adjustment.
B) parameter is drafted
(1) clear aperture
Therefore the selection of design process laser receiving antenna clear aperture considers structure boundary size restriction requirements, together When make effectively to receive clear aperture maximization, effective clear aperture of reception antenna is Φ 20mm.
(2) multiplying power
Bore is limited with multiplying power by receiving module convergent lens clear aperature after shrink beam, and receiving module convergent lens leads to Light aperture is 3.8mm, considers docking surplus, and it is 6.67 times to determine multiplying power.
(4) design result
Reception antenna design result is as shown in Fig. 2-2, and using global face lens design, optical tube length is not more than 65mm.Light Learn emulation
The computer sim- ulation of transmitting antenna
A) optics image quality
The disc of confusion data of optical transmitting system are shown in Table 1.
1 optical transmitting system disc of confusion numerical value of table
According to design data, the optics image quality maximum disc of confusion of laser transmitting antenna is less than 20 μm.
B) optical transmitting system transmitance
Optical energy loss is caused by three aspect reasons in optical system：
(1) reflection loss of transmission plane；
(2) absorption loss water of reflecting surface；
(3) absorption loss water of material internal.
And the main reason for causing optical energy loss is reflection loss, therefore improves and be coated with the technological level of light-transmissive film, it can be with Greatly improve the transmitance of optical system.
The calculation formula of transmissivity of optical system：
τ=Tk1·Rk2·(1-α)∑d
Plane of refraction number in K1---- optical systems；
Reflecting surface number in K2---- optical systems；
The thickness of each lens material in d---- optical systems；
α --- the absorption coefficient of-optical material takes 0.01；
T---- plane of refraction transmission coefficients, take T=99.5%；
Plane of refraction number in optical transmitting system：K1=3；
The thickness d ≈ 22mm of each lens material in optical transmitting system；
Each parameter is substituted into transmissivity of optical system formula, the transmitance for can be calculated laser emission optical system is τ ≈ 94%.
Reception antenna simulation calculation
A) optics disc of confusion
According to design data, according to the initial option of receiving module convergent lens as a result, after reception antenna plus focal length is The perfect lens of 2.75mm, the aberration disc of confusion See Figure 2-3 of reception antenna.
The disc of confusion data of receiving optics are shown in Table 2.
2 receiving optics disc of confusion numerical value of table
The disc of confusion of reception antenna optical system is less than 20 μm.Design requirement can be met.
B) receiving optics transmitance
Plane of refraction number in receiving optics：K1=4；
The thickness d ≈ 15.4mm of each lens material in receiving optics；
The transmitance of spike filter about 0.9；
Each parameter is substituted into formula, the transmitance for carrying out can be calculated receiving optics is τ ≈ 86%.
The reception and amplifying circuit：
With amplifying circuit using highly sensitive human eye safe waveband laser pick-off amplification module, main completion swashs for laser pick-off Light convergence, optical filtering, opto-electronic conversion and the processing of electric signal pre-amplification of optical echo signal, under conditions of finite energy, by soft Part realizes the adaptive adjustment of detector high pressure, ensures to make laser pick-off amplifier in the range of the total temperature to work in range finder Detectivity is less than 5 × 10-8W。
It receives as follows with the main performance index of amplifying circuit：
A) detector：InGaAs type detector (spectral response ranges：1000~1700nm)；
B) sensitivity：≤ 50nW, signal-to-noise ratio 2：1；
C) optical filter parameter：In the range of 1485~1595nm service bands, transmitance >=90%, in service band range Outer cut-off depth≤0.1%；
D) operating temperature range：- 20 DEG C~+40 DEG C；
E) photosurface diameter：0.2mm.
Fig. 3 is the theory of constitution figure of distance member, and the main signal that shakes is generated using mixing and filtering module and emission control module Driving laser emitting module sends out continuous modulation laser irradiation target, from the received amplification electricity of the reflected echo-signal of target It is exported after the amplification of road and gives mixing and filtering module, phase of echo delay is accurately calculated by core processing module, and calculate target Accurate distance information by communication module export to display and control unit.
Distance member：
Distance member is mainly by power conversion module, communication module, mixing and filtering module, core processing module, transmitting drive Dynamic model block, high pressure generation module composition.The theory of constitution figure of distance member is as shown in Figure 3：
The main signal driving laser emitting module that shakes, which is generated, using mixing and filtering module and emission control module sends out continuous tune Laser irradiation target processed exports after the received amplifying circuit amplification of the reflected echo-signal of target and gives mixing and filtering mould Block accurately calculates phase of echo delay by core processing module, and calculates the accurate distance information of target by communicating mould Block is exported to display and control unit.
The main performance index of distance member is as follows：
A) main shake signal frequency 15MHz and 1.5MHz；
B) ranging：Minimum ranging≤1m, maximum ranging distance >=300m；
C) range accuracy：± 1cm (within 100m), ± 4cm (100~300m).
E is shown and control unit
Display and control unit are mainly made of display screen, driving plate, key-press module etc..Display and the composition of control unit Schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 4：
The main function of each component is as follows：
A) display screen：Show range information, the working condition of product；
B) driving plate：Driving display screen and key-press module work as required；
C) key-press module：It controls continuous laser range finder switching on and shutting down, control range finder or single ranging, read history ranging Data.
F battery components
Lithium battery provides power drives, rated voltage 3.7V, capacity >=2000mAh for complete machine.Normal working voltage range： 3.7V~4.2V.
G feux rouges indicators
Feux rouges indicator main laser diode and collimating mirror composition, major function are to carry out feux rouges to measuring distance of target to refer to Show.
The leading indicator of feux rouges indicator is as follows：
A) wavelength：635nm；
Power >=5mW.
The range measurement principle of distance measuring method of the present invention be the sine wave modulation certain frequency on laser, using laser as carry Wave, the frequency of modulated signal, which is called, does modulation frequency, and laser can generate during encountering target and returning postpones Δ t, and this A delay allows for phase difference there are one the laser signal emitted and the waveforms of laser signal received.By measuring this phase Potential difference, it is possible to calculate target range value.
If modulating wave is unfolded on survey line by round-trip distance, as shown in Figure 5.Obviously, modulating wave returns to transmitting-receiving point Phase ratio delays when sending outAngle.Then
F is the frequency of modulating wave in formula.
Bring the t in (2) into (1) formulas, then
C/f is the wavelength of modulating wave in formula, is represented with λ, againEqual to modulating wave N number of complete cycle plus whole less than one The mantissa in periodSo
Above formula illustrates that the half that the distance D to be surveyed is equal to modulating wave wavelength is multiplied by the sum of whole wave number and repercussions number.It is practical On, modulating wave travels to and fro between whole wave number on survey line, and we can not know, therefore be applied alone certain frequency that can encounter measured value Multivalue problem.We regard Laser Modulation frequency one " light ruler " as that the wavelength of laser regards a unit scales in light ruler as. Suitable frequency is selected to make the N=0 in (4) formula, then can be derived：
(5) in formula c/f be modulating wave wavelength, represented with λ.For example enable λ1=10m, λ2=1000m, in this way using λ1 It goes to measure and correspond toDistance, that is, measure millimeter position, centimetre position, decimetre position and the rice digit less than 10 meters；Use λ2It goes to measure It corresponds toDistance, that is, measure ten meters of positions and hundred meters of positions (as shown in Figure 6), then both make to link up, just obtain complete Range reading.
1st, light ruler selection method
Using two modulating frequency f1And f2Modulation light measure same distance respectively, the phase mantissa measured by them itThen and the difference (f with the two frequencies1-f2) modulation light it is measured this apart from when obtained phase mantissa It is equal.Each section in system is enabled to obtain the stability of similar gain and phase, and can obtain and stablize unified frequency Source.
2nd, difference frequency surveys facies principle
Range information is converted into phase information first, finally measures phase value, reconvert is into distance value.Due to high frequency The phase measurement of signal is relatively difficult to achieve, it is found that when two high-frequency signals are mixed from radio principle, difference frequency remains to The initial phase of original signal is kept, schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 7.
(master in Fig. 7 shakes E assuming that master oscillators1) signal be：
Receiver is returned to by one section of light path after transmitting, the signal received is：
In above formula,For phase change caused by light path.
Assuming that local oscillator (i.e. local oscillator E in Fig. 31) signal be：
By local oscillation signal E1Be sent into frequency mixer I and II, respectively with ES1And ES2It is mixed.It is obtained in the output terminal of frequency mixer To difference frequency reference signal ERAnd Es, they are respectively：
Difference frequency treated low frequency signal ERWith the phase difference of EsPhase with directly measuring high-frequency modulation signal
Potential differenceIt is the same, the i.e. Frequency of frequency mixer not changeable phases principle.
The method that High Precision Long-distance laser range finder of the present invention carries out ranging, it is characterised in that step is as follows：
Step 1：Display and control unit control battery component after the power is turned on, to show and control for High Precision Long-distance laser range finder Component processed is in control distance member and receives amplifier unit completion product self-inspection, and status information is exported and is shown；
Step 2：Feux rouges indicator is controlled to carry out feux rouges instruction to target by display and control unit；
Step 3：Mixing and filtering module and emission control module generate the main signal driving laser emitting module that shakes and send out continuously Modulate laser irradiation target；After laser diode receives driving modulation frequency signal, by sine wave modulation on laser, to swash Light obtains the laser signal of modulation frequency, forms the continuous laser output by amplitude modulation as carrier wave；
The frequency f of the sine wave；
Step 4：The laser signal of modulation frequency by laser transmitting antenna to laser export pulse narrowed, shaping into Row transmitting；
Step 5：Laser signal, which encounters, carries out the laser that target diffusing reflection is returned by laser receiving antenna after target returns It collects, convergence, is input to reception and amplifying circuit is converted, amplifies output；The signal of output generates delay Δ t, modulating wave It returns to when the phase ratio of transmitting-receiving point is sent out and delaysAngle：
Step 6：It is exported after received amplifying circuit amplification and gives mixing and filtering module, accurately calculated by core processing module Phase of echo postpones, and the accurate distance information D for calculating target is exported by communication module to display and control unit；It is described
Wherein：C/f is the wavelength of modulating wave, is represented with λ, and c is the light velocity；It isN number of complete cycle of middle modulating wave is not The mantissa of a sufficient complete cycle.
Comprising laser transmitting antenna and laser receiving antenna, double binders are respectively adopted in the laser optical system of the present invention Mirror and Galilean telescope form carry out light splitting design, have the characteristics that small, light-weight.
Laser emitting module uses the modulated high-power laser diode of high frequency, and working frequency is high, good environmental adaptability, full Foot product mission need.
It receives and uses the 1550nm high sensitivity InGaAs type detectors with spike filter with amplifying circuit, to target Echo is detected and shaping amplification.
Distance member is mainly made of circuit parts such as DDS frequency synthesizer circuits, phase discriminator, microprocessors.For complete Into functions such as digitized signal processing, system control and communication, storages.
Display and control unit are made of display screen, driving plate, key-press module etc., are mainly used for product working status operation And display function.
Battery component is mainly used for product power supply using the standard battery module of two pieces of 12V/1A.
Feux rouges indicate indicator is made of 635nm laser diodes and collimating mirror, is mainly used for the feux rouges instruction of target.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of High Precision Long-distance laser range finder, it is characterised in that：Including receive with amplifying circuit, distance member, display and Control unit, laser optical system and laser emitting module, the laser optical system include laser receiving antenna and laser is sent out Penetrate antenna；The distance member includes core processing module, and core processing module passes through communication module and display and control unit Connection, connect with emission control module, mixing and filtering module and high pressure generation module；Emission control module and laser transmitting antenna Connection；Laser receiving antenna is connect with receiving with amplifying circuit, and reception is connect with amplifying circuit with mixing and filtering module；Mixing filter Wave module and emission control module generate the main signal driving laser emitting module that shakes and send out continuous modulation laser, pass through Laser emission Antenna narrows laser output pulse, transmitting irradiation target after shaping output；From the reflected echo-signal warp of target Laser receiving antenna receives, and is input to reception and amplifying circuit is amplified, export to mixing and filtering module, by core processing Module calculates phase of echo delay, and calculates the accurate distance information of target；The laser emitting module uses two pole of laser Pipe is as light source；For the laser transmitting antenna using double cemented objectives as collimator objective, the laser receiving antenna uses gal Profit slightly telescope configuration.
2. High Precision Long-distance laser range finder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is reflected in the laser receiving antenna Face number：K1=4；The thickness d ≈ 15.4mm of each lens material；The transmitance of spike filter is 0.9.
3. High Precision Long-distance laser range finder according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that：The laser receiving antenna is adopted With global face lens design, optical tube length is not more than 65mm.
4. High Precision Long-distance laser range finder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Double glue of the laser transmitting antenna Close object lens plane of refraction number：K1=3；The thickness d ≈ 22mm of lens material.
5. according to the High Precision Long-distance laser range finder of claim 1 or 4, it is characterised in that：Double cemented objective conducts Collimator objective uses aspheric design, and optical tube length is not more than 84mm.
6. according to the High Precision Long-distance laser range finder of claim 1 or 4, it is characterised in that：Double cemented objective conducts Collimator objective uses K9 or ZF6 glass materials.
7. High Precision Long-distance laser range finder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The reception is used with amplifying circuit 1550nm high sensitivity InGaAs type detectors with spike filter.
8. a kind of utilize the method that High Precision Long-distance laser range finder carries out ranging any one of claim 1~7 described, feature It is that step is as follows：
Step 1：Display and control unit control battery component for High Precision Long-distance laser range finder after the power is turned on, display and control unit Part is in control distance member and receives amplifier unit completion product self-inspection, and status information is exported and is shown；
Step 2：Feux rouges indicator is controlled to carry out feux rouges instruction to target by display and control unit；
Step 3：Mixing and filtering module and emission control module generate the main signal driving laser emitting module that shakes and send out continuous modulation Laser irradiation target；After laser diode receives driving modulation frequency signal, by sine wave modulation on laser, made with laser For carrier wave, the laser signal of modulation frequency is obtained, forms the continuous laser output by amplitude modulation；
The frequency f of the sine wave；
Step 4：By laser transmitting antenna, to laser output, pulse is narrowed the laser signal of modulation frequency, shaping is sent out It penetrates；
Step 5：Laser signal encounter target return after by laser receiving antenna to target diffusing reflection return laser be collected, Convergence, is input to reception and amplifying circuit is converted, amplifies output；The signal of output generates delay Δ t, and modulating wave returns to receipts The phase ratio of hair point delays when sending outAngle：
Step 6：It is exported after received amplifying circuit amplification and gives mixing and filtering module, echo is accurately calculated by core processing module Phase delay, and the accurate distance information D for calculating target is exported by communication module to display and control unit；It is described
Wherein：C/f is the wavelength of modulating wave, is represented with λ, and c is the light velocity；It isN number of complete cycle of middle modulating wave less than one The mantissa of a complete cycle.
CN201711335041.6A 2017-12-14 2017-12-14 A kind of High Precision Long-distance laser range finder and distance measuring method Pending CN108169755A (en)

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Application publication date: 20180615