CN108169592B - Intelligent detection circuit and intelligent detection method - Google Patents
Intelligent detection circuit and intelligent detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108169592B CN108169592B CN201711346413.5A CN201711346413A CN108169592B CN 108169592 B CN108169592 B CN 108169592B CN 201711346413 A CN201711346413 A CN 201711346413A CN 108169592 B CN108169592 B CN 108169592B
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- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 claims description 87
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/0092—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof measuring current only
Abstract
The invention provides an intelligent detection circuit and an intelligent detection method. The circuit comprises a constant current source sub-circuit, a standard current comparison sub-circuit, a load current detection circuit, a standard current detection circuit, a fault judgment circuit, an audible and visual alarm sub-circuit and a power switching sub-circuit. The invention is mainly used for detecting the power supply of the pure inductive load equipment, can timely detect the leakage and short circuit condition of the equipment, immediately send out audible and visual alarm and can not provide power supply for the equipment, the equipment can be started up after the detection is finished, the equipment can be well protected, the leakage and short circuit condition caused by negligence is avoided, and the safety of personnel and the equipment is protected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of circuit detection, in particular to an intelligent detection circuit and an intelligent detection method.
Background
The existing electric power system basically consists of a motor, however, the inside of the motor can be equivalently regarded as an inductance coil, and the condition of short circuit and electric leakage is extremely easy to occur due to improper maintenance, and under the condition, people can cause secondary damage or casualties of the motor due to unknowing use.
It would be of great significance if a device could be provided that could detect an inductive load before each start-up, and if there were a short-circuit leakage condition, could perform the associated protection operation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an intelligent detection circuit which comprises a constant current source sub-circuit, a standard current comparison sub-circuit, a load current detection circuit, a standard current detection circuit, a fault judgment circuit, an audible and visual alarm sub-circuit and a power switching sub-circuit, wherein the first electromagnetic switch and the second electromagnetic switch are double-switch relays.
The constant current source subcircuit is used for obtaining stable and controllable drain current.
The standard current comparison sub-circuit is used for obtaining the same drain current as the constant current source sub-circuit.
The load current detection circuit is used for acquiring a real-time current value passing through a load.
The standard current detection circuit is used for detecting the current generated by the standard current comparison sub-circuit.
The fault judging circuit is used for judging whether the load has short circuit and electric leakage.
The audible and visual alarm sub-circuit is used for carrying out alarm prompt when the load has the condition of electric leakage and short circuit.
The power switching sub-circuit is used for switching between working power and detection current according to the judgment condition of the load.
The constant current source sub-circuit comprises a third resistor, a sixth adjustable resistor and a second field effect transistor; the connection relation of each part is as follows: one end of the third resistor is connected with a high potential end of the power supply, the other end of the third resistor is connected with one fixed end of the sixth adjustable resistor, the other fixed end of the sixth adjustable resistor is connected with the power supply ground, and the adjustable end of the sixth adjustable resistor is connected with the grid electrode of the second field effect transistor; the drain electrode of the second field effect transistor is connected to the high potential end of the power supply, and the source electrode is connected to one static contact point end of the second double-switching electromagnetic relay.
In another scheme, the sources of the sixth field effect transistor and the second field effect transistor are connected with a power supply, the drain electrode of the sixth field effect transistor is in short circuit with the grid electrode, one end of the sixth adjustable resistor is connected with the grid electrode of the sixth field effect transistor, the other end of the sixth adjustable resistor is grounded, the sixth adjustable resistor is coupled to the power supply ground, and the grid electrode of the second field effect transistor is coupled to the grid electrode of the sixth field effect transistor. .
In another scheme, the constant current source sub-circuit comprises a sixth adjustable resistor and a second field effect transistor; the connection relation of each part is as follows: the drain electrode of the second field effect tube and one end of the sixth adjustable resistor are connected with a power supply, the other end of the sixth adjustable resistor is grounded, and the grid electrode of the second field effect tube is connected with the adjustable end of the sixth adjustable resistor.
The standard current comparison sub-circuit comprises a first field effect transistor and a seventh resistor; the source electrode of the first field effect transistor is connected to the ground of the power supply, the grid electrode is connected to the grid electrode of the second field effect transistor, and the drain electrode is connected to the high potential end of the power supply.
The load current detection circuit comprises a thirteenth resistor, an eleventh resistor, a twelfth resistor, a tenth resistor, a fourth resistor and a second operational amplifier; the connection relation of each part is as follows: one end of the fourth resistor is connected to the power ground, the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to a fifth pin of the second operational amplifier, and one end of the eleventh resistor is connected at the same time; one end of the twelfth resistor is connected with one end of the thirteenth resistor and is connected to power ground, the other end of the twelfth resistor is connected to the sixth pin of the second operational amplifier and is connected to one end of the tenth resistor, and the other end of the tenth resistor is connected to the seventh pin of the second operational amplifier and is connected to the second pin of the sub-circuit of the first voltage comparator; the other end of the thirteenth resistor is connected to the other end of the eleventh resistor and to one end of the second stationary contact point of the second dual switching electromagnetic relay.
The standard current detection circuit comprises a fifth resistor, a ninth resistor, an eighth resistor, a second resistor and a first operational amplifier; the connection relation of each part is as follows: one end of the second resistor is connected to the power ground, the other end of the second resistor is connected to a third pin of the first operational amplifier, and is connected to one end of the fifth resistor, and the other end of the fifth resistor is connected to the source electrode of the first field effect transistor; one end of the eighth resistor is connected to the second pin of the first operational amplifier, and is connected to one end of the ninth resistor, and the other end of the ninth resistor is connected to the ground.
The fault judging circuit comprises a first voltage comparator, a third voltage comparator, a second voltage comparator, a first resistor, a sixteenth resistor, a seventeenth resistor, an eighteenth resistor and a nineteenth resistor; the connection relation of each part is as follows: one end of the first resistor is connected to a high potential end of the power supply and to an eighth pin of the first voltage comparator; the fourth pin of the first voltage comparator is connected to the power ground; one end of the sixteenth resistor is connected to the high potential end of the power supply, and the other end of the sixteenth resistor is connected to the first pin of the third voltage comparator; the third pin of the third voltage comparator is connected to the sixth pin of the second voltage comparator and to the first pin of the first voltage comparator, and the second pin of the third voltage comparator is connected to the fifth pin of the second voltage comparator; one end of the seventeenth resistor is connected to the seventh pin of the second voltage comparator, and the other end is connected to the high-potential end of the power supply and to one end of the eighteenth resistor; the other end of the eighteenth resistor is connected to one end of the nineteenth resistor and is connected to a fifth pin of the second voltage comparator; the other end of the nineteenth resistor is connected to power ground.
The audible and visual alarm sub-circuit comprises a fifth field effect tube, a first light emitting diode, a fourteenth resistor, a fifteenth resistor and a buzzer; the connection relation of each part is as follows: one end of the fourteenth resistor is connected to the high potential end of the power supply and to one end of the fifteenth resistor, and the other end of the fourteenth resistor is connected to the forward end of the first light emitting diode; the other end of the fifteenth resistor is connected to one end of the buzzer; the other end of the buzzer is connected to the other end of the first light-emitting diode and connected with the drain electrode of the fifth field-effect tube; the source electrode of the fifth field effect transistor is connected to the power ground; the gate of the fifth field effect transistor is connected to the seventh pin of the second voltage comparator.
The power switching sub-circuit comprises a first dual-module electromagnetic relay, a third field effect transistor, a first external socket, a third external socket, a second dual-switch electromagnetic relay, a third field effect transistor, a second external socket and a fourth external socket; the connection relation of each part is as follows: the source electrode of the third field effect transistor is connected to one end of the action coil of the first dual-mode electromagnetic relay, and the drain electrode of the third field effect transistor is connected to the high-potential end of the power supply; the other end of the action coil of the first dual-module electromagnetic relay is connected to the power ground; the common end in the upper switch module of the first dual-module electromagnetic relay is connected to a first external socket, the normally closed end is connected to the source electrode of the second field effect transistor, the normally open end is connected to one end of one switch of the second dual-switch electromagnetic relay, and the other end of the switch of the second dual-switch electromagnetic relay is connected to a second external socket; in the lower switch module of the first dual-mode electromagnetic relay, a common end is connected to a third external socket, a normally closed end is connected to one end of a thirteenth resistor, a normally open end is connected to one end of the other switch of the second dual-mode electromagnetic relay, and the other end of the other switch of the second dual-mode electromagnetic relay is connected to a fourth external socket. One end of an action coil of the second double-switch electromagnetic relay is connected to the ground, the other end of the action coil is connected to a source electrode of a third field effect transistor, a drain electrode of the third field effect transistor is connected to a high potential of a power supply, and a grid electrode of the third field effect transistor is connected to a first pin of a third voltage comparator.
Further, the model of the first operational amplifier and/or the second operational amplifier is NE5532.
Further, the model number of the first voltage comparator and/or the second voltage comparator and/or the third voltage comparator is LM393.
Further, the field effect transistor is a JFET or MOSFET.
The intelligent detection method of the intelligent detection circuit comprises the following steps.
Step one: the same driving voltage is provided for the first field effect transistor of the standard current comparison sub-circuit and the third field effect transistor grid electrode of the power switching sub-circuit.
Step two: if the inductive load has a short-circuit leakage condition, the steps A1-A3 are performed.
Step A1: the first voltage comparator of the fault judging circuit outputs a low level, and the third voltage comparator outputs a low level.
Step A2: the first dual-mode electromagnetic relay and the second dual-switch electromagnetic relay are not operated, and alternating current power is not provided for the inductive load.
Step A3: the second voltage comparator outputs high level, and the audible and visual alarm sub-circuit sends out alarm signals.
If the inductive load has no short-circuit leakage, the steps B1-B4 are performed.
Step B1: the voltage detected by the load current detection circuit is gradually increased, and the maximum value is equivalent to the voltage detected by the standard current detection circuit.
Step B2: the first voltage comparator of the fault judging circuit outputs a high level, and the third voltage comparator outputs a high level.
Step B3: the first dual-mode electromagnetic relay and the second dual-switch electromagnetic relay both operate, stopping supplying the detection current to the load, and switching to supply alternating current power to the inductive load.
Step B4: the second voltage comparator outputs a low level, and the audible and visual alarm circuit does not act.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention is mainly used for detecting the power supply of the pure inductive load equipment (for detecting the hysteresis time of the inductive load, the characteristic of well utilizing the interval of the saturated current charging and discharging time of the inductor), can timely detect the leakage and short circuit condition of the equipment, immediately give out audible and visual alarm and not provide power supply for the equipment, and can not start the equipment until the equipment is detected again after the fault is eliminated, so that the equipment can be well protected, the leakage and short circuit condition caused by negligence is avoided, and the personnel and equipment safety are protected.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention provides an intelligent detection circuit, which comprises a constant current source sub-circuit, a standard current comparison sub-circuit, a load current detection circuit, a standard current detection circuit, a fault judgment circuit, an audible and visual alarm sub-circuit and a power switching sub-circuit.
1. Constant current source sub-circuit
The constant current source subcircuit is used for obtaining stable and controllable drain current.
The constant current source sub-circuit can be connected in various ways, and the embodiment receives three ways.
First kind: the constant current source sub-circuit comprises a third resistor R3, a sixth adjustable resistor R6 and a second field effect transistor Q2. The connection relation of each part is as follows: one end of the third resistor R3 is connected with a high potential end of the power supply, the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected with one fixed end of the sixth adjustable resistor R6, the other fixed end of the sixth adjustable resistor R6 is connected with the power supply ground, and the adjustable end of the third resistor R3 is connected with the grid electrode of the second field effect transistor Q2; the drain of the second field effect transistor Q2 is connected to a high potential terminal of a power source (denoted by VCC), and the source is connected to one dead-touch point terminal of the second dual switching electromagnetic relay K2.
Second kind: the source electrodes of the sixth field effect transistor and the second field effect transistor are connected with a power supply, the drain electrode of the sixth field effect transistor is in short circuit with the grid electrode, one end of the sixth adjustable resistor is connected with the grid electrode of the sixth field effect transistor, the other end of the sixth adjustable resistor is grounded, the sixth adjustable resistor is coupled to the power supply ground, and the grid electrode of the second field effect transistor is coupled to the grid electrode of the sixth field effect transistor.
Third kind: the constant current source sub-circuit comprises a sixth adjustable resistor and a second field effect transistor; the connection relation of each part is as follows: one end of the second field effect transistor and the drain electrode of the second field effect transistor are connected with a power supply, the other end of the sixth adjustable resistor is grounded, and the grid electrode of the second field effect transistor is connected with the adjustable end of the sixth adjustable resistor.
2. Standard current contrast sub-circuit
The standard current comparison sub-circuit is used for obtaining the same drain current as the constant current source sub-circuit.
The standard current comparison sub-circuit comprises a first field effect transistor Q1 and a seventh resistor R7; the source electrode of the first field effect transistor Q1 is connected to the ground of the power supply, the grid electrode is connected to the grid electrode of the second field effect transistor, and the drain electrode is connected to the high potential end of the power supply.
In other embodiments, one skilled in the art may also obtain the same drain current as the constant current source subcircuit in other ways.
3. Load current detection circuit
The load current detection circuit is used for acquiring a real-time current value passing through a load.
The load current detection circuit comprises a thirteenth resistor R13, an eleventh resistor R11, a twelfth resistor R12, a tenth resistor R10, a fourth resistor R4 and a second operational amplifier U2; the connection relation of each part is as follows: one end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the power ground, and the other end is connected to the fifth pin of the second operational amplifier U2 while being connected to one end of the eleventh resistor R11; one end of the twelfth resistor R12 is connected to one end of the thirteenth resistor R13 and to the power ground, the other end is connected to the sixth pin of the second operational amplifier U2 and to one end of the tenth resistor R10, and the other end of the tenth resistor R10 is connected to the seventh pin of the second operational amplifier U2 and to the second pin of the first voltage comparator B1; the other end of the thirteenth resistor R13 is connected to the other end of the eleventh resistor R11 and to one end of the second stationary contact point of the second two-switch electromagnetic relay K2.
In other embodiments, other detection techniques may be used by those skilled in the art to obtain the load current, and the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is not a limitation of the present invention.
4. Standard current detection circuit
The standard current detection circuit is used for detecting the current generated by the standard current comparison sub-circuit.
The standard current detection circuit comprises a fifth resistor R5, a ninth resistor R9, an eighth resistor R8, a second resistor R2 and a first operational amplifier U1; the connection relation of each part is as follows: one end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the power ground, the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the third pin of the first operational amplifier U1, and is connected to one end of the fifth resistor R5, and the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the source electrode of the first field effect transistor Q1; one end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the second pin of the first operational amplifier U1, and is connected to one end of the ninth resistor R9, and the other end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to ground.
In other embodiments, other detection techniques may be used by those skilled in the art to obtain the load current, and the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is not a limitation of the present invention.
5. Fault judging circuit
The fault judging circuit is used for judging whether the load has short circuit and electric leakage.
The fault judging circuit comprises a first voltage comparator B1, a third voltage comparator B2, a second voltage comparator B3, a first resistor R1, a sixteenth resistor R16, a seventeenth resistor R17, an eighteenth resistor R18 and a nineteenth resistor R19; the connection relation of each part is as follows: one end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the high potential end of the power supply, and to the eighth pin of the first voltage comparator B1; the fourth pin of the first voltage comparator B1 is connected to the power ground; one end of the sixteenth resistor R16 is connected to the high potential end of the power supply, and the other end is connected to the first pin of the third voltage comparator B3; the third pin of the third voltage comparator B3 is connected to the sixth pin of the second voltage comparator and to the first pin of the first voltage comparator B1, and the second pin of the third voltage comparator B3 is connected to the fifth pin of the second voltage comparator B2; one end of the seventeenth resistor R17 is connected to the seventh pin of the second voltage comparator B2, and the other end is connected to the power supply high potential end and to one end of the eighteenth resistor R18; the other end of the eighteenth resistor R18 is connected to one end of the nineteenth resistor R19 and to the fifth pin of the second voltage comparator B2; the other end of the nineteenth resistor R19 is connected to power ground.
In other embodiments, those skilled in the art may also make decisions using other circuits, and the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is not a limitation of the present invention.
6. Audible and visual alarm sub-circuit
The audible and visual alarm sub-circuit is used for carrying out alarm prompt when the load has the condition of electric leakage and short circuit.
The embodiment uses a buzzer for alarming. The audible and visual alarm sub-circuit comprises a fifth field effect tube Q5, a first light emitting diode D1, a fourteenth resistor R14, a fifteenth resistor R15 and a buzzer LS1; the connection relation of each part is as follows: one end of the fourteenth resistor R14 is connected to the high potential end of the power supply, and to one end of the fifteenth resistor R15, and the other end of the fourteenth resistor R14 is connected to the forward end of the first light emitting diode D1; the other end of the fifteenth resistor R15 is connected to one end of the buzzer LS1; the other end of the buzzer LS1 is connected to the other end of the first light emitting diode D1 and connected to the drain electrode of the fifth field effect transistor Q5; the source electrode of the fifth field effect transistor Q5 is connected to the power ground; the gate of the fifth field effect transistor Q5 is connected to the seventh pin of the second voltage comparator B2.
The alarm technique is a relatively common technique, and in other embodiments, those skilled in the art may also use other circuits to alarm, and the embodiment shown in fig. 1 is not a limitation of the present invention. The alarm mode is not limited to adopting means such as a buzzer, LCD display and the like.
7. Power switching sub-circuit
The power switching sub-circuit is used for switching between working power and detection current according to the judgment condition of the load.
The power switching sub-circuit comprises a first dual-module electromagnetic relay K1, a third field effect transistor Q3, a first external socket P1, a third external socket P3, a second dual-switch electromagnetic relay K2, a fourth field effect transistor Q4, a second external socket P2 and a fourth external socket P4; the connection relation of each part is as follows: the source electrode of the fourth field effect transistor Q4 is connected to one end of the action coil of the second double-switch electromagnetic relay K2, and the drain electrode is connected to the high potential end of the power supply; the other end of the action coil of the second double-switch electromagnetic relay K2 is connected to the power ground; the public end in the upper switch module of the second double-switch electromagnetic relay K2 is connected to a first external socket P1, the normally closed end is connected to the source electrode of the second field effect transistor Q2, the normally open end is connected to one end of one switch of the first double-switch electromagnetic relay K1, and the other end of the switch of the first double-switch electromagnetic relay K1 is connected to a second external socket; in the lower switch module of the second dual-switch electromagnetic relay K2, the common terminal thereof is connected to the third external socket P3, the normally closed terminal thereof is connected to one terminal of the thirteenth resistor R13, the normally open terminal thereof is connected to one terminal of the other switch of the first dual-switch electromagnetic relay K1, and the other terminal of the other switch of the first dual-switch electromagnetic relay K1 is connected to the fourth external socket P4. One end of an action coil of the first double-switch electromagnetic relay K1 is connected to the ground, the other end is connected to a source electrode of a third field effect transistor Q3, a drain electrode of the third field effect transistor Q3 is connected to a power high potential, and a gate electrode of the third field effect transistor Q3 is connected to a first pin of a third voltage comparator B3.
Power switching is a relatively common technique, and in other embodiments, one skilled in the art may also use other circuits to switch between operating power and sense current, and the embodiment shown in fig. 1 is not a limitation of the present invention.
Further, the model of the first operational amplifier U1 and/or the second operational amplifier U2 is NE5532.
Further, the model number of the first voltage comparator B1 and/or the second voltage comparator B2 and/or the third voltage comparator B3 is LM393.
The operation of the above circuit will be described below.
The working method of the intelligent detection circuit comprises the following steps.
Step one: the same driving voltage is provided for the grid electrode of the first field effect transistor Q1 of the standard current comparison sub-circuit and the grid electrode of the third field effect transistor Q3 of the power switching sub-circuit.
The supply voltages of the drain electrodes of the Q1 and the Q3 are consistent, so that the consistency of the current passing through the field effect transistor can be ensured.
Step two: if the inductive load has a short-circuit leakage condition, the steps A1-A3 are performed.
Step A1: the first voltage comparator B1 of the failure determination circuit outputs a low level, and the third voltage comparator B3 outputs a low level.
Specifically, when the inductive load has a short-circuit leakage condition, the inductive load can be equivalent to a wire, and at the moment, the values detected by the load current detection circuit and the standard current detection circuit are consistent, the voltage of the same-phase end of the first voltage comparator B1 is not higher than the voltage of the opposite-phase end, and a low level is output, so that the voltage levels of the opposite-phase end of the second voltage comparator B2 and the same-phase end of the third voltage comparator B3 are both low, and the third voltage comparator B3 outputs a low level.
Step A2: neither the first dual-mode electromagnetic relay K1 nor the second dual-switch electromagnetic relay K2 operates, and ac power is not supplied to the inductive load.
Step A3: the second voltage comparator B2 outputs a high level, and the audible and visual alarm sub-circuit sends out an alarm signal.
If the inductive load has no short-circuit leakage, the steps B1-B4 are performed.
Step B1: the voltage detected by the load current detection circuit is gradually increased, and the maximum value is equivalent to the voltage detected by the standard current detection circuit.
Specifically, if the inductive load has no short circuit and leakage before supplying power to the inductive load, the inductive load presents the characteristic of inductance, the load current detection circuit detects that the voltage can be gradually increased within a certain time, and the maximum value of the load current detection circuit is equivalent to the voltage detected by the standard current detection circuit.
Step B2: the first voltage comparator B1 of the failure determination circuit outputs a high level, and the third voltage comparator B3 outputs a high level.
Step B3: the first dual-mode electromagnetic relay K1 and the second dual-switch electromagnetic relay K2 are operated, the detection current is stopped to be provided for the load, and the switching is performed to provide alternating current power for the inductive load;
step B4: the second voltage comparator B2 outputs a low level, and the audible and visual alarm circuit does not act.
Claims (5)
1. The intelligent detection circuit is characterized by comprising a constant current source sub-circuit, a standard current comparison sub-circuit, a load current detection circuit, a standard current detection circuit, a fault judgment circuit, an audible and visual alarm sub-circuit and an electric power switching sub-circuit;
the constant current source subcircuit is used for obtaining stable and controllable drain current;
the constant current source sub-circuit comprises a third resistor, a sixth adjustable resistor and a second field effect transistor; the connection relation of each part is as follows: one end of the third resistor is connected with a high potential end of the power supply, the other end of the third resistor is connected with one fixed end of the sixth adjustable resistor, the other fixed end of the sixth adjustable resistor is connected with the power supply ground, and the adjustable end of the sixth adjustable resistor is connected with the grid electrode of the second field effect transistor; the drain electrode of the second field effect transistor is connected to the high-potential end of the power supply, and the source electrode of the second field effect transistor is connected to one static contact point end of the second double-switch electromagnetic relay;
the standard current comparison sub-circuit is used for obtaining the same drain current as the constant current source sub-circuit;
the standard current comparison sub-circuit comprises a first field effect transistor and a seventh resistor; the source electrode of the first field effect transistor is connected to the ground of the power supply, the grid electrode of the first field effect transistor is connected to the grid electrode of the second field effect transistor, and the drain electrode of the first field effect transistor is connected to the high potential end of the power supply; the seventh resistor is arranged between the source electrode of the first field effect transistor and the ground of the power supply;
the load current detection circuit comprises a thirteenth resistor, an eleventh resistor, a twelfth resistor, a tenth resistor, a fourth resistor and a second operational amplifier; the connection relation of each part is as follows: one end of the fourth resistor is connected to the power ground, the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to a fifth pin of the second operational amplifier, and one end of the eleventh resistor is connected at the same time; one end of the twelfth resistor is connected with one end of the thirteenth resistor and is connected to power ground, the other end of the twelfth resistor is connected to the sixth pin of the second operational amplifier and is connected to one end of the tenth resistor, and the other end of the tenth resistor is connected to the seventh pin of the second operational amplifier and is connected to the second pin of the sub-circuit of the first voltage comparator; the other end of the thirteenth resistor is connected with the other end of the eleventh resistor and is connected to one end of a second static contact point of the second dual-switching electromagnetic relay;
the standard current detection circuit comprises a fifth resistor, a ninth resistor, an eighth resistor, a second resistor and a first operational amplifier; the connection relation of each part is as follows: one end of the second resistor is connected to the power ground, the other end of the second resistor is connected to a third pin of the first operational amplifier, and is connected to one end of the fifth resistor, and the other end of the fifth resistor is connected to the source electrode of the first field effect transistor; one end of the eighth resistor is connected to the second pin of the first operational amplifier, and is connected to one end of the ninth resistor, and the other end of the ninth resistor is connected to the ground;
the fault judging circuit comprises a first voltage comparator, a third voltage comparator, a second voltage comparator, a first resistor, a sixteenth resistor, a seventeenth resistor, an eighteenth resistor and a nineteenth resistor; the connection relation of each part is as follows: one end of the first resistor is connected to a high potential end of the power supply and to an eighth pin of the first voltage comparator; the fourth pin of the first voltage comparator is connected to the power ground; one end of the sixteenth resistor is connected to the high potential end of the power supply, and the other end of the sixteenth resistor is connected to the first pin of the third voltage comparator; the third pin of the third voltage comparator is connected to the sixth pin of the second voltage comparator and to the first pin of the first voltage comparator, and the second pin of the third voltage comparator is connected to the fifth pin of the second voltage comparator; one end of the seventeenth resistor is connected to the seventh pin of the second voltage comparator, and the other end is connected to the high-potential end of the power supply and to one end of the eighteenth resistor; the other end of the eighteenth resistor is connected to one end of the nineteenth resistor and is connected to a fifth pin of the second voltage comparator; the other end of the nineteenth resistor is connected to the power ground;
the audible and visual alarm sub-circuit comprises a fifth field effect tube, a first light emitting diode, a fourteenth resistor, a fifteenth resistor and a buzzer; the connection relation of each part is as follows: one end of the fourteenth resistor is connected to the high potential end of the power supply and to one end of the fifteenth resistor, and the other end of the fourteenth resistor is connected to the forward end of the first light emitting diode; the other end of the fifteenth resistor is connected to one end of the buzzer; the other end of the buzzer is connected to the other end of the first light-emitting diode and connected with the drain electrode of the fifth field-effect tube; the source electrode of the fifth field effect transistor is connected to the power ground; the grid electrode of the fifth field effect transistor is connected to the seventh pin of the second voltage comparator;
the power switching sub-circuit comprises a first dual-module electromagnetic relay K1, a third field effect transistor Q3, a first external socket P1, a third external socket P3, a second dual-switch electromagnetic relay K2, a fourth field effect transistor Q4, a second external socket P2 and a fourth external socket P4; the connection relation of each part is as follows: the source electrode of the fourth field effect transistor Q4 is connected to one end of the action coil of the second double-switch electromagnetic relay K2, and the drain electrode is connected to the high potential end of the power supply; the other end of the action coil of the second double-switch electromagnetic relay K2 is connected to the power ground; the public end in the upper switch module of the second double-switch electromagnetic relay K2 is connected to a first external socket P1, the normally closed end is connected to the source electrode of the second field effect transistor Q2, the normally open end is connected to one end of one switch of the first double-switch electromagnetic relay K1, and the other end of the switch of the first double-switch electromagnetic relay K1 is connected to a second external socket; in the lower switch module of the second dual-switch electromagnetic relay K2, a common terminal thereof is connected to a third external socket P3, a normally closed terminal thereof is connected to one terminal of a thirteenth resistor R13, a normally open terminal thereof is connected to one terminal of the other switch of the first dual-switch electromagnetic relay K1, and the other terminal of the other switch of the first dual-switch electromagnetic relay K1 is connected to a fourth external socket P4;
one end of an action coil of the first double-switch electromagnetic relay K1 is connected to the ground, the other end of the action coil is connected to a source electrode of a third field effect tube Q3, a drain electrode of the third field effect tube Q3 is connected to a high potential of a power supply, and a grid electrode of the third field effect tube Q3 is connected to a first pin of a third voltage comparator B3;
the load current detection circuit is used for acquiring a real-time current value passing through a load;
the standard current detection circuit is used for detecting the current generated by the standard current comparison sub-circuit;
the fault judging circuit is used for judging whether the load has a short circuit and a leakage condition or not;
the audible and visual alarm sub-circuit is used for carrying out alarm prompt when the load has the condition of electric leakage and short circuit;
the power switching sub-circuit is used for switching between working power and detection current according to the judgment condition of the load.
2. The smart detection circuit of claim 1, wherein the first operational amplifier and/or the second operational amplifier is NE5532.
3. The intelligent detection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the first voltage comparator and/or the second voltage comparator and/or the third voltage comparator is/are model LM393.
4. The detection and protection circuit for inductive devices of claim 1, wherein said field effect transistor is a JFET or a MOSFET.
5. The intelligent detection method of the intelligent detection circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
step one: providing the same driving voltage for the first field effect transistor of the standard current comparison sub-circuit and the third field effect transistor grid electrode of the power switching sub-circuit;
step two: if the inductive load has a short-circuit leakage condition, performing the steps A1-A3;
step A1: the first voltage comparator of the fault judging circuit outputs a low level, and the third voltage comparator outputs a low level;
step A2: the first dual-mode electromagnetic relay and the second dual-switch electromagnetic relay do not act, and alternating current power is not provided for the inductive load;
step A3: the second voltage comparator outputs high level, and the audible and visual alarm sub-circuit sends out an alarm signal;
if the inductive load has no short circuit and leakage, performing the steps B1-B4;
step B1: the voltage detected by the load current detection circuit is gradually increased, and the maximum value is equivalent to the voltage detected by the standard current detection circuit;
step B2: the first voltage comparator of the fault judging circuit outputs a high level, and the third voltage comparator outputs a high level;
step B3: the first dual-mode electromagnetic relay and the second dual-switch electromagnetic relay are operated, the detection current is stopped to be provided for the load, and the switching is performed to provide alternating current power for the inductive load;
step B4: the second voltage comparator outputs a low level, and the audible and visual alarm circuit does not act.
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