CN108168426B - Method for measuring volume of sea corrosion column - Google Patents
Method for measuring volume of sea corrosion column Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108168426B CN108168426B CN201711225659.7A CN201711225659A CN108168426B CN 108168426 B CN108168426 B CN 108168426B CN 201711225659 A CN201711225659 A CN 201711225659A CN 108168426 B CN108168426 B CN 108168426B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- sea
- marking
- mark
- column
- line
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Testing Resistance To Weather, Investigating Materials By Mechanical Methods (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for measuring the volume of a sea erosion column, which can finish data acquisition and result calculation by using a conventional instrument and Auto-CAD software. In the whole process of the invention, when data are collected, the laser profiler can be arranged only by visually observing the height and the width of the sea erosion column without strict and accurate position setting, and the operation is simple. Based on Auto-CAD software, the area of the closed graph is measured by taking the mark point as the origin of coordinates, taking the angle and the distance measured by the laser profiler as parameters and utilizing the area measurement function in the Auto-CAD software, so that the volume of the sea erosion column can be simply obtained, and the result is accurate and reliable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of marine geological disasters, in particular to a method for measuring the volume of a sea erosion column.
Background
The sea erosion pillar is a rock pillar separated from the shore formed by erosion and collapse of sea waves on a rocky coast. The cause of the sea corrosion column is two:
firstly, due to the erosion action of sea waves, the sea erosion holes on two sides of the cape corners can be eroded and penetrated through to form a sea erosion arch bridge with an arched top plate, the sea erosion arch bridge is further eroded by the sea waves, rock masses of the top plate collapse, and the remained rock masses are separated from the coast and then are steeply lifted on the rock beach, namely the sea erosion columns;
and secondly, hard rock plants developed on the coast of the igneous rock have stronger weather resistance compared with surrounding rock-soil bodies, joint cracks develop less, and the residual rock plants form sea erosion columns after the surrounding rock-soil bodies are eroded.
The sea erosion column is generally positioned on the near shore beach, and is gradually eroded and gradually reduced in volume along with the continuous action of waves; the method for measuring the erosion degree of the sea erosion column by adopting the volume change is a very suitable physical quantity, and the sea erosion column is influenced by natural conditions and has an irregular shape, so that the traditional size measurement and volume calculation theory cannot be applied.
Understanding the volume change of the sea erosion column is of great significance for researching the erosion process of the rocky coast and developing tourism of coastal landscape, etc.
However, there is currently no reliable method for measuring the volume of the sea erosion column.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a method for measuring the volume of a sea corrosion column, which has simple steps and reliable results.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for measuring the volume of a sea corrosion column comprises the following steps:
1) marking a quadrilateral mark wrapping the sea corrosion column, and setting a plurality of mark points on each side of the quadrilateral mark;
2) arranging a laser profiler on the mark points, starting the laser profiler, measuring the section of the sea erosion column, and respectively measuring the distances L of the mark points at two ends of the section on each quadrilateral marke、Lw、Ls、Ln；
3) In Auto-CAD software, the marking points are used as coordinate origin points, and the angle and distance measured by a laser profiler are used as parameters to draw the section shape, namely section line, of the sea erosion column; making a vertical line at the marking point, making a horizontal line at the bottom end and the top end of the section line respectively, forming a closed graph by the section line, the vertical line of the marking point and the two horizontal lines, measuring the area of the closed graph by using the area measuring function in Auto-CAD software, and respectively recording the areas obtained by the four side marking points marked by the quadrangle as Aei、Awi、Asi、AniSea corrosion column volume V obtained by two pairs of opposite sides of the quadrilateral markew、VsnRespectively as follows:
wherein, BewDistance between a pair of opposite sides marked by a quadrilateral, BsnIs the distance between the other pair of opposing edges; hewAverage value of section line heights measured at mark points of a pair of opposite sides of a quadrangular mark, HsnIs the average of the height of the section line measured at the mark points of the other pair of opposite sides; dewA pair marked by quadranglesDistance between the marks on opposite sides, dsnThe distance between the mark points on the other pair of opposite sides; j and k are the number of each profile on one pair of opposite sides of the quadrilateral mark, respectively, and p and q are the number of each profile on the other pair of opposite sides, respectively;
the volume of the sea erosion column is:
preferably, the four sides of the quadrilateral mark are marked on the north-south and east-west mark lines of the sea pillar, which are true east, true west, true south and true north, respectively.
Preferably, the marking points are uniformly distributed on the marking line.
Preferably, if the beach is a sandy coast, the marking line is a concave line drawn on the beach; if the beach is a rocky coast, a line segment is drawn on the beach with paint as a marking line.
Preferably, if the beach is a sandy coast, the mark points are pits on a concave line; and if the beach is a lithoid coast, spraying a circle on the marking line by using paint as a marking point.
Preferably, in the step 2), before the laser profiler is started, an emitting port of the laser profiler is vertically downward to align with the mark point, and the laser is vertical to the side of the quadrilateral mark where the laser is located; then adjusting the laser profiler to enable the emitting port to be positioned on the beach close to the foot part of the sea erosion column; the laser profiler is then started.
Preferably, in step 2), the direction in which the human body faces the sea erosion column is used as a reference direction when measuring the cross section of the sea erosion column.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method for measuring the volume of the sea erosion column can finish data acquisition and result calculation by using a conventional instrument and Auto-CAD software. In the whole process of the invention, when data are collected, the laser profiler can be arranged only by visually observing the height and the width of the sea erosion column without strict and accurate position setting, and the operation is simple. Based on Auto-CAD software, the area of the closed graph is measured by taking the mark point as the origin of coordinates, taking the angle and the distance measured by the laser profiler as parameters and utilizing the area measurement function in the Auto-CAD software, so that the volume of the sea erosion column can be simply obtained, and the result is accurate and reliable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the dimensions of the south marking line in the present embodiment;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the south-side calculated area in this embodiment.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The invention provides a method for measuring the volume of an sea corrosion column, aiming at solving the defect that no reliable method for measuring the volume of the sea corrosion column exists in the prior art, which can be realized by utilizing a laser profiler, a tape, a compass and Auto-CAD software, and has the advantages of simple process operation and accurate and reliable result.
The invention relates to a method for measuring the volume of a sea corrosion column, which comprises the following steps:
1) marking a quadrilateral mark wrapping the sea corrosion column, and setting a plurality of mark points on each side of the quadrilateral mark;
2) arranging a laser profiler on the mark points, starting the laser profiler, measuring the section of the sea erosion column, and respectively measuring the distances L of the mark points at two ends of the section on each quadrilateral marke、Lw、Ls、Ln；
3) In Auto-CAD software, the marking points are used as coordinate origin points, and the angle and distance measured by a laser profiler are used as parameters to draw the section shape, namely section line, of the sea erosion column; making a vertical line at the marking point, making a horizontal line at the bottom end and the top end of the section line respectively, forming a closed graph by the section line, the vertical line of the marking point and the two horizontal lines, measuring the area of the closed graph by using the area measuring function in Auto-CAD software, and respectively recording the areas obtained by the four side marking points marked by the quadrangle as Aei、Awi、Asi、AniSea corrosion column volume V obtained by two pairs of opposite sides of the quadrilateral markew、VsnRespectively as follows:
wherein, BewDistance between a pair of opposite sides marked by a quadrilateral, BsnIs the distance between the other pair of opposing edges; hewAverage value of section line heights measured at mark points of a pair of opposite sides of a quadrangular mark, HsnIs the average of the height of the section line measured at the mark points of the other pair of opposite sides; dewFor the distance between the marking points on a pair of opposite sides of the quadrilateral marking, dsnThe distance between the mark points on the other pair of opposite sides; p and q are the number of sections on one pair of opposite sides of the quadrilateral mark, respectively, and j and k are the number of sections on the other pair of opposite sides, respectively;
the volume of the sea erosion column is:
in this embodiment, in step 1), four sides of the quadrilateral mark are respectively marked on the north-south and east-west mark lines of the sea pillar. Specifically, when a tide is low, a compass is adopted to mark a mark line in the east-west direction on the right north side of the sea erosion column, the horizontal distance from the mark line to the sea erosion column is about the height measured value of the sea erosion column, the length is about 3 times of the diameter of the sea erosion column, and if the beach is a sandy coast, the mark line is a concave line directly marked on the beach; if the beach is a rocky coast, drawing a line segment on the beach by using paint as a marking line; marking a marking line on the east, south and west sides of the sea corrosion column respectively by the same method, wherein the horizontal distances from the marking line to the sea corrosion column are the height visual measurement values of the sea corrosion column; the four marking lines form a rectangle.
Making a mark point: the marking points are uniformly distributed on the marking line, namely, a plurality of equal parts (such as 10 equal parts) are divided on four sides of the quadrilateral mark, the distance of each equal part is marked as d, the boundary between adjacent equal parts is marked by the marking points, and if the beach is a sandy coast, the marking points are pits on the concave line; and if the beach is a lithoid coast, spraying a circle on the marking line by using paint as a marking point.
In the step 2), before starting the laser profiler, firstly, vertically downwards pointing an emitting port of the laser profiler to align with a mark point, and enabling laser to be vertical to the side of the quadrilateral mark where the laser is located; then adjusting the laser profiler to enable the emitting port to be positioned on the beach close to the foot part of the sea erosion column; the laser profiler is then started.
When the section of the sea erosion column is measured, the direction of the human body facing the sea erosion column is taken as a reference direction. As shown in FIG. 1, the leftmost mark point of the cross section on the south side, which can be measured with the human body facing the sea pillar as the reference direction, is denoted as Ds1I.e. mark point Ds1The marking point on the rightmost side of the section which is obtained by emitting no laser to the sea erosion column on the left side is marked as DsjMarking a point Ds1To the mark point DsjIs denoted as Ls(ii) a In the same way, on the north side marker, the leftmost marker is marked as Dn1The rightmost marking point is marked as DnkMarking a point Dn1To the mark point DnkIs denoted as Ln。
In this embodiment, in step 3), as shown in fig. 2, the area obtained from the south marker is marked as asiThe area obtained from the north marker is marked as AniSea erosion volume V from the south and north marker linessnComprises the following steps:
wherein, BsnDistance between north and south marked lines, HsnAverage of the height of the section lines measured at each north-south mark point, dsnThe distance between each mark point on the south and north mark lines is shown, and j and k are the number of each section on the south and north mark lines respectively.
In the same way, on the east and west marking lines, the sea erosion column volume V obtained by the east and west marking lines is calculated according to the stepsewComprises the following steps:
in the formula, LeAnd LwThe distances between the marking points corresponding to the leftmost section line and the rightmost section line on the east side marking line and the west side marking line respectively; b isewDistance of the east and west two marked lines, HewThe average of the section line heights measured at the respective mark points, AeiAnd AwiThe areas further obtained from the profiles at the marked points on the east and west two marked lines, p and q are the number of the profiles on the east and west two marked lines, dewThe distance between each marking point on the east-west two marking lines.
Example of the implementation
The method is characterized in that granite rocky sea cliffs are distributed in Wuguancun area of Xiamen city in Fujian province, the sea cliffs are high in strength, large in difference of weathering degrees at different positions, joint cracks develop and form various sea erosion landforms under the long-term action of waves, and the sea erosion landforms comprise a sea erosion groove, a sea erosion hole, a sea erosion column, a sea erosion arch bridge and the like, wherein a typical granite sea erosion column develops, and a beach at the lower part of the sea erosion column is a sandy coast.
Key details of the measurements include the following:
the sea etching column had a visual height of 2.5m, so 4 marking lines were scribed on the sand beach with branches in four directions, east, west, north and south, the marking lines forming a rectangle, and the lengths of the north and south sides and the east and west sides were 6.5m and 6.8m, respectively, as measured with a tape measure. Marking points on the marking lines by using branches, dividing the marking lines on the north south side and the east side into 20 equal parts, and obtaining the distance d of the marking points on each sidesnAnd dew0.325m and 0.34m, respectively.
Then, the cross section of the sea corrosion column is measured at each mark point, and each section line is obtained.
The other parameters are respectively Ls＝Ln＝1.16m,Le＝Lw＝1.11m，Hsn＝2.56m，Hew2.82m, further yield Vsn＝2.55m3，Vew＝2.87m3。
Finally, the volume V of the sea pillar is 2.71m3。
The above examples are provided only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Changes, modifications, etc. to the above-described embodiments are intended to fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention as long as they are in accordance with the technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for measuring the volume of a sea corrosion column is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) marking a quadrilateral mark wrapping the sea corrosion column, and setting a plurality of mark points on each side of the quadrilateral mark;
2) arranging a laser profiler on the marking points, before starting the laser profiler, vertically downwards arranging an emission opening of the laser profiler to align the marking points, and enabling laser to be vertical to the sides of the quadrilateral marks; then adjusting the laser profiler to enable the emitting port to be positioned on the beach close to the foot part of the sea erosion column; then starting the laser profiler to measure the section of the sea erosion column, wherein the distances between the mark points at two ends of the section are respectively L on each side of the quadrilateral marke、Lw、Ls、Ln；
3) In Auto-CAD software, the marking points are used as coordinate origin points, and the angle and distance measured by a laser profiler are used as parameters to draw the section shape, namely section line, of the sea erosion column; making a vertical line at the marking point, making a horizontal line at the bottom end and the top end of the section line respectively, then the section line, the vertical line of the marking point and the two horizontal lines form a closed graph, utilizing the area measurement function in the Auto-CAD software to measure the area of the closed graph, and using four to obtain the area of the closed graphThe areas obtained from the four sides of the edge mark are respectively marked as Aei、Awi、Asi、AniSea corrosion column volume V obtained by two pairs of opposite sides of the quadrilateral markew、VsnRespectively as follows:
wherein, BewDistance between a pair of opposite sides marked by a quadrilateral, BsnIs the distance between the other pair of opposing edges; hewAverage value of section line heights measured at mark points of a pair of opposite sides of a quadrangular mark, HsnIs the average of the height of the section line measured at the mark points of the other pair of opposite sides; dewFor the distance between the marking points on a pair of opposite sides of the quadrilateral marking, dsnThe distance between the mark points on the other pair of opposite sides; j and k are the number of each profile on one pair of opposite sides of the quadrilateral mark, respectively, and p and q are the number of each profile on the other pair of opposite sides, respectively;
the volume of the sea erosion column is:
2. the method for measuring the volume of the sea erosion column according to claim 1, wherein four sides of the quadrangular marker are marked on the north-south and east-west marking lines of the sea erosion column.
3. The method for measuring the volume of a sea corrosion column according to claim 2, wherein the marking points are uniformly distributed on the marking line.
4. The method of measuring a volume of a sea erosion column according to claim 2 or 3, wherein if the beach is a sandy coast, the mark line is a concave line drawn on the beach; if the beach is a rocky coast, a line segment is drawn on the beach with paint as a marking line.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein if the beach is a sandy coast, the marker point is a pit on a concave line; and if the beach is a lithoid coast, spraying a circle on the marking line by using paint as a marking point.
6. The method for measuring the volume of the sea erosion column according to claim 1, wherein the cross section of the sea erosion column in the step 2) is measured with a direction of a human body facing the sea erosion column as a reference direction.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711225659.7A CN108168426B (en) | 2017-11-29 | 2017-11-29 | Method for measuring volume of sea corrosion column |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711225659.7A CN108168426B (en) | 2017-11-29 | 2017-11-29 | Method for measuring volume of sea corrosion column |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108168426A CN108168426A (en) | 2018-06-15 |
| CN108168426B true CN108168426B (en) | 2020-09-04 |
Family
ID=62524130
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711225659.7A Active CN108168426B (en) | 2017-11-29 | 2017-11-29 | Method for measuring volume of sea corrosion column |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108168426B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113188471B (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2023-04-11 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Quantitative evaluation method for non-uniform etching degree of acid-etched crack |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1286395A (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2001-03-07 | 上海交通大学 | Imaging measurement method for volume of large material stack |
| CN102466463A (en) * | 2010-11-12 | 2012-05-23 | 北京林业大学 | Method for measuring green quantity of irregular crown-shaped standing tree |
| CN102980531A (en) * | 2012-12-07 | 2013-03-20 | 中国铁道科学研究院 | Volume measurement method and device based on three-dimensional laser scanning |
| CN103134426A (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2013-06-05 | 无锡儒安科技有限公司 | Infrared-based object size estimation method and system |
| CN104251664A (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2014-12-31 | 国家电网公司 | Wireless network symmetrical laser ranging-based automatic coal checking method for power plant |
| CN106643546A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-05-10 | 南京林业大学 | Single-tree three-dimensional green quantity measuring method based on mobile two-dimensional laser scanning |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE69632468T2 (en) * | 1996-12-31 | 2005-05-12 | Datalogic S.P.A., Lippo Di Calderara Di Reno | Method for volume measurement of an object by means of a laser scanner and a CCD image sensor |
| GB9805445D0 (en) * | 1998-03-16 | 1998-05-13 | Whitehouse John A | Product scanner |
-
2017
- 2017-11-29 CN CN201711225659.7A patent/CN108168426B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1286395A (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2001-03-07 | 上海交通大学 | Imaging measurement method for volume of large material stack |
| CN102466463A (en) * | 2010-11-12 | 2012-05-23 | 北京林业大学 | Method for measuring green quantity of irregular crown-shaped standing tree |
| CN102980531A (en) * | 2012-12-07 | 2013-03-20 | 中国铁道科学研究院 | Volume measurement method and device based on three-dimensional laser scanning |
| CN103134426A (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2013-06-05 | 无锡儒安科技有限公司 | Infrared-based object size estimation method and system |
| CN104251664A (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2014-12-31 | 国家电网公司 | Wireless network symmetrical laser ranging-based automatic coal checking method for power plant |
| CN106643546A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-05-10 | 南京林业大学 | Single-tree three-dimensional green quantity measuring method based on mobile two-dimensional laser scanning |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 激光雷达测量技术及其应用研究;李清泉等;《武汉测绘科技大学学报》;20001031;第25卷(第5期);第387-391页 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108168426A (en) | 2018-06-15 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Tsoar et al. | Elongation and migration of sand dunes | |
| CN106871880B (en) | The method that rib position, half-breadth and height carry out ship closure is calculated using three-dimensional coordinate | |
| CN107490410A (en) | It is a kind of based on represent vertical line point flow velocity measurement Gao Hong contactless flow measurement method | |
| Esteves et al. | Quantifying shoreline changes along the Sefton coast (UK) and the implications for research-informed coastal management | |
| CN105180811A (en) | Laser scanner calibration method, based on ground objects with characteristics of the same name, for mobile measuring system | |
| CN108168426B (en) | Method for measuring volume of sea corrosion column | |
| CN105319050A (en) | Test measuring system of riverbank lateral erosion collapse rate and measuring method thereof | |
| CN113091852A (en) | Large reservoir depth measurement reference field construction method and application | |
| CN111257870B (en) | Coal mining subsidence ponding area underwater topography inversion method using InSAR monitoring data | |
| CN112685874A (en) | Method for calculating seepage control equation of unsaturated loess slope under rainfall infiltration | |
| CN110133655B (en) | River runoff monitoring inversion method based on multisource radar remote sensing technology | |
| CN104569355B (en) | A kind of surface soil corrodes measurement mechanism and method | |
| CN106680454A (en) | Method for calculating soil erosion modulus of governed collapse mound with sand-blocking dam | |
| CN104596484A (en) | Method of measuring drift ice density in ice flood season of Yellow River | |
| CN110865008A (en) | Hydrogeological parameter determination method based on unstable flow water pumping of circular constant head boundary under finite scale | |
| CN107367735A (en) | A kind of in-service oil-gas pipeline River Crossing section electromagnetic sound wave detection method | |
| CN112258570B (en) | Method and system for measuring and calculating water surface width of river full water area | |
| CN108038086A (en) | A kind of dem data error assessment and bearing calibration based on pixel dimension | |
| CN102435540A (en) | Measurement system and method for permeability coefficient of shallow-layer sand soil | |
| CN109269469B (en) | Underwater terrain measuring device and method | |
| CN204389488U (en) | A kind of surface soil corrodes measurement mechanism | |
| CN103410135B (en) | Riverbed level measurement method based on network drill rod detection | |
| CN115479642A (en) | Real-time rapid monitoring method for river section flow | |
| CN108536647B (en) | Method for searching land parcel four-to-four by adopting boundary points and 45-degree external rectangle | |
| CN106052530B (en) | Marine abrasion slot geometric shape measuring device and method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |