CN108165917B - 一种减摩耐磨盾构机刀座及其制造方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种减摩耐磨盾构机刀座及其制造方法,属于盾构机领域,用于解决盾构机刀盘磨损和结泥饼等问题。本发明所述的盾构机用减摩耐磨盾构机刀座包括刀座本体和固体润滑涂层,所述的刀座本体为可拆卸的筒状刀座,所述的制造方法为在筒状刀座的端面制备固体润滑涂层。所述的固体润滑涂层的原料成分体系为镍铬硅硼合金和镍包二硫化钼,所述的固体润滑涂层的制备方法为热喷涂技术。本发明在刀座端面热喷涂固体润滑涂层,减小刀座端面与岩层切削物的摩擦系数,降低到盘磨损速率;同时有利于渣土排除,降低盾构刀盘结泥现象,从而延长盾构机刀盘更换维修周期,提高盾构施工效率和降低施工成本。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及盾构机技术领域,特别涉及一种减摩耐磨盾构机刀座及其制造方法。
背景技术
盾构机作为一种常用的挖掘工具,在工程建设、矿山开采等作业工作中有着广泛的应用。盾构机地下施工会遭遇各种地质层:石英等高研磨性物质含量较高的地质层对刀座磨损性较强;蒙脱石及绿泥石等富含粘土矿物质岩层易附着在刀座上,形成渣土堆积,进而逐渐变成坚固的泥饼,降低刀具的切削能力。无论是刀盘刀具磨损还是形成泥饼,都需要停机修复刀座,从而降低盾构施工效率和增加施工成本。
发明内容
为了延长盾构停机修复周期,本发明提出了一种减摩耐磨盾构机刀座及其制造方法。本发明解决其技术问题的技术方案是在刀座端面涂覆固体润滑涂层。二硫化钼具有层状晶体结构,层面间良好的滑移性使其成为高性能的固体润滑材料。同时二硫化钼还具有优良的化学稳定性、较强的贴附性,易于覆盖在摩擦材料的表面,发挥降低摩擦系数、防止氧化、填平补齐等作用。在盾构机刀座表面涂敷含有二硫化钼固体润滑物质的涂层,有利于降低高切削渣土对刀盘的磨损,同时也有利于排除渣土,避免形成泥饼,因此可以延长刀座的更换周期,提高盾构施工效率。
一种减摩耐磨盾构机刀座,在刀座本体端面涂敷有固体润滑涂层;所述的固体润滑涂层为镍铬硅硼合金和镍包二硫化钼的混合物;其中二硫化钼的体积百分含量范围为5%~35%;
所述的固体润滑涂层厚度为0.1~2mm。
所述的刀座本体为可拆卸的筒状刀座。
一种减摩耐磨盾构机刀座制造方法,通过热喷涂技术使固体润滑涂层涂敷在刀座本体端面;所述的固体润滑涂层为镍包二硫化钼和镍铬硅硼合金的混合物;其中,二硫化钼的体积百分含量范围为5%~35%;镍包二硫化钼和镍铬硅硼合金的粒度均为140-325目。
所述的固体润滑涂层厚度为0.1~2mm。
所述的制造方法,在热喷涂前,对刀座本体端面进行粗糙处理。
所述的粗糙处理是对刀座本体端面进行表面喷砂处理。
所述的表面喷砂处理采用压缩空气将沙粒冲击金属表面。
所述的热喷涂技术包括火焰喷涂、等离子喷涂和电弧喷涂。
本发明的有益效果是:
1)减小刀座端面的摩擦系数,减小刀座磨损,延长刀座工作周期。
2)促进岩层颗粒物快速排除,避免岩层颗粒物的滞留堆积,从源头上抑制盾构刀盘刀具结泥饼问题。
3)不改变现有盾构装置、工作参数和不使用土体改良剂,提高施工效率,降低运行成本。
附图说明
图1为可拆卸刀座及其端面的固体润滑涂层示意图。1、可拆卸筒状刀座,2、固体润滑涂层,3、刀具。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图1通过具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
1)刀座本体是一种可拆卸的筒状刀座,在安装刀具之前,对刀座端面依次进行喷砂和热喷涂固体润滑涂层。
2)喷砂清理采用压缩空气将一定尺寸的沙粒按一定角度冲击金属表面的加工工艺。经喷砂处理后金属清洁、并具有一定的粗糙度。
3)热喷涂固体润滑涂层采用氧-乙炔火焰方法,粉末为镍包二硫化钼,粒度140-325目。火焰喷涂主要工艺参数为:氧压力0.1~0.5MPa、乙炔压力0.1~03MPa、乙炔流量45m3/h、空气压力0.2~0.4MPa、送粉量10~30g/min,固体润滑涂层的厚度为0.5~2mm。
4)检查固体润滑涂层的表面质量,对于遗漏部位重新热喷涂,直至涂层覆盖整个刀座刀面。
5)安装刀具,然后将整个刀座安装在盾构刀盘上。
实施例一
本发明是一种减摩耐磨盾构机刀座,由刀座本体和固体润滑涂层组成,所述的刀座本体端面涂有固体润滑涂层。所述的刀座本体为可拆卸的筒状刀座。所述的自润滑涂层原料成分体系为镍铬硅硼合金和镍包二硫化钼。所述的固体润滑涂层厚度范围为0.1mm。所述自润滑涂层原料成分体系中二硫化钼的重量百分含量范围为35%。
实施例二
本发明是一种减摩耐磨盾构机刀座,由刀座本体和固体润滑涂层组成,所述的刀座本体端面涂有固体润滑涂层。所述的刀座本体为可拆卸的筒状刀座。所述的自润滑涂层原料成分体系为镍铬硅硼合金和镍包二硫化钼。所述的固体润滑涂层厚度范围为2mm。所述自润滑涂层原料成分体系中二硫化钼的重量百分含量范围为5%。
实施例三
本发明是一种减摩耐磨盾构机刀座,由刀座本体和固体润滑涂层组成,所述的刀座本体端面涂有固体润滑涂层。所述的刀座本体为可拆卸的筒状刀座。所述的自润滑涂层原料成分体系为镍铬硅硼合金和镍包二硫化钼。所述的固体润滑涂层厚度范围为1mm。所述自润滑涂层原料成分体系中二硫化钼的重量百分含量范围为20%。
以上所述的仅是本发明的具体实施例,喷涂方法、工艺参数、粉末成分等没有详尽列出,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明创造构思的前提下,还可以做出工艺上的增减与改进,这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (4)
1.一种减摩耐磨盾构机刀座的制造方法,其特征在于:在刀座本体端面涂敷有固体润滑涂层;所述的固体润滑涂层为镍铬硅硼合金和镍包二硫化钼的混合物;其中二硫化钼的重量百分含量范围为5%~35%;所述的刀座本体为可拆卸的筒状刀座;通过热喷涂技术使固体润滑涂层涂敷在刀座本体端面;所述的固体润滑涂层厚度为0.1~2mm; 所述的固体润滑涂层能够促进渣土排除、抑制刀座表面形成泥饼、延长盾构机检修周期。
2.如权利要求1所述的刀座制造方法,其特征在于:所述的热喷涂技术包括火焰喷涂、等离子喷涂和电弧喷涂。
3.如权利要求1所述的刀座制造方法,其特征在于:在热喷涂前,对刀座本体端面进行粗糙处理。
4.如权利要求3所述的刀座制造方法,其特征在于:所述的粗糙处理是对刀座本体端面进行表面喷砂处理。
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