CN108155797A - The control method of electric vehicle and its DC-DC converter and DC-DC converter - Google Patents

The control method of electric vehicle and its DC-DC converter and DC-DC converter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108155797A
CN108155797A CN201611102277.0A CN201611102277A CN108155797A CN 108155797 A CN108155797 A CN 108155797A CN 201611102277 A CN201611102277 A CN 201611102277A CN 108155797 A CN108155797 A CN 108155797A
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China
Prior art keywords
bridges
control
way
converter
switching tube
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CN201611102277.0A
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CN108155797B (en
Inventor
张妮
王兴辉
王超
沈晓峰
邬白贺
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BYD Co Ltd
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BYD Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/3353—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having at least two simultaneously operating switches on the input side, e.g. "double forward" or "double (switched) flyback" converter

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses the control methods of a kind of electric vehicle and its DC DC converters and DC DC converters, wherein, DC DC converters include H bridges, and H bridges include first switch pipe, second switch pipe, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube, control method and include the following steps：In the whole life cycle of DC DC converters, using phase shift modulation control mode and down tube modulate control mode alternately, using phase shift modulation control mode when based on setting time Tx and Ty come select in the first way or second method alternately control H bridges, and Third Way or fourth way is selected to control H bridges based on total time TC and TD when using the control mode of down tube modulation, H bridges are alternately controlled with Third Way or fourth way based on setting time Ti and Tm selection again, to carry out temperature equalization control to first to fourth switching tube, so that the fever relative equilibrium of first to fourth switching tube in H bridges, improve the working life of switching tube in H bridges.

Description

The control method of electric vehicle and its DC-DC converter and DC-DC converter
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric vehicle engineering field, more particularly to a kind of control method of DC-DC converter, a kind of DC- DC converters and a kind of electric vehicle.
Background technology
DC-DC converter is always the important component part of field of power electronics, along with the commercialized hair of electric vehicle Exhibition, DC-DC converter have also become one of important spare part on electric vehicle.The topological structure of DC-DC converter have very much, Medium-and-large-sized power domain, full bridge PWM converter are a kind of most commonly used topologys.
Wherein, the control mode of full bridge PWM converter has very much, and uses the control of phase shift modulation in the relevant technologies mostly Mode and the control mode of down tube modulation.However, using phase shift modulation control mode when, advanced arm Sofe Switch easy to implement, And lagging leg is not easy to realize Sofe Switch, so as to which lagging leg is more serious than the fever of advanced arm；During the control mode modulated using down tube, on Sofe Switch easy to implement is managed, and down tube is not easy to realize Sofe Switch, so as to which down tube is more serious than upper tube fever.
Therefore, both the above control mode can lead to switching tube fever serious problems, influence the working life of switching tube.
Invention content
One of the technical issues of the present invention is directed to solve at least to a certain extent in above-mentioned technology.For this purpose, the present invention First purpose be to propose a kind of control method of DC-DC converter, enables to first to fourth switching tube in H bridges Fever relative equilibrium improves the working life of switching tube in H bridges.
Second object of the present invention is to propose a kind of DC-DC converter.Third object of the present invention is to propose A kind of electric vehicle.
In order to achieve the above objectives, one aspect of the present invention embodiment proposes a kind of control method of DC-DC converter, In, the DC-DC converter includes H bridges, and the H bridges include first switch pipe, second switch pipe, third switching tube and the 4th and open Guan Guan, wherein, the first switch pipe and the second switch pipe form the first bridge arm, the third switching tube and the described 4th Switching tube forms the second bridge arm, and the control method includes the following steps：When the DC-DC converter is worked, obtain Control mode during DC-DC converter last time work, and control when being worked according to the DC-DC converter last time Mode selects control mode during this task, wherein, the control mode of the DC-DC converter includes the control of phase shift modulation Mode and the control mode of down tube modulation；Control mode of the control mode for the phase shift modulation when selecting this work When, acquisition controls setting time Tx of the H bridges and controls the setting time Ty of the H bridges in a second manner in the first way, And according to it is described setting time Tx and it is described setting time Ty to the H bridges carry out alternately control with to the first switch pipe, Second switch pipe, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control, wherein, with described in first method control During H bridges, using first bridge arm as leading-bridge, and using second bridge arm as lagging leg；With the second method When controlling the H bridges, using second bridge arm as leading-bridge, and using first bridge arm as lagging leg；Work as selection During the control mode that control mode during this task is modulated for the down tube, obtain and the total of the H bridges is controlled with Third Way The time TC and total time TD that the H bridges are controlled with fourth way, and obtain the DC-DC converter and modulated using the down tube The course of work that carries out of control mode in the setting time Ti of the H bridges is controlled in each working cycles with the Third Way With the setting time Tm of the H bridges is controlled with the fourth way and by judging the total time TC and the total time In a manner of relationship between TD controls the H bridges when the DC-DC converter is selected to start, and according to the setting Time Ti and the setting time Tm carry out the H bridges alternately control, with to the first switch pipe, second switch pipe, the Three switching tubes and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control, wherein, when controlling the H bridges with the Third Way, by described in First switch pipe and the third switching tube are as upper tube and using the second switch pipe and the 4th switching tube as under Pipe, and the first switch pipe to the 4th switching tube is controlled using the control mode of down tube modulation；With described When four modes control the H bridges, opened using the first switch pipe and the third switching tube as down tube and by described second 4th switching tube described in Guan Guanhe as upper tube, and using down tube modulation control mode to the first switch pipe to described the Four switching tubes are controlled.
The control method of DC-DC converter according to embodiments of the present invention when DC-DC converter is worked, obtains Control mode when the DC-DC converter last time works, and control mode when work according to the DC-DC converter last time selects Control mode during this task so that the control mode of phase shift modulation and down tube tune in DC-DC converter whole life cycle The control mode of system is alternately.Wherein, it during control mode of the control mode when selecting this work for phase shift modulation, obtains It takes the setting time Tx of control H bridges in the first way and controls the setting time Ty of H bridges in a second manner, then according to Tx and Ty H bridges are carried out alternately to control to carry out temperature equalization to first switch pipe, second switch pipe, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube Control；During the control mode that the control mode when selecting this work is modulated for down tube, obtain with Third Way control H bridges Total time TC and the total time TD with fourth way control H bridges, and obtain the control mode that DC-DC converter uses down tube modulation In the course of work of progress H is controlled with the setting time Ti of Third Way control H bridges in each working cycles and with fourth way The setting time Tm of bridge, then judges the relationship between total time TC and total time TD, finally according to total time TC and total time The mode that relationship selection DC-DC converter between TD controls H bridges when starting, and in the worked of DC-DC converter Alternately control carries out H bridges according to Ti and Tm in journey, to open first switch pipe, second switch pipe, third switching tube and the 4th Close pipe and carry out temperature equalization control, so as in whole life cycle, DC-DC converter using phase shift modulation control mode into H bridges are alternately controlled by first method and second method during row work, DC-DC converter uses the controlling party of down tube modulation According to total time TC of record with total time TD Third Way or fourth way first being selected to control, then H bridges during formula H bridges are alternately controlled using Third Way and fourth way again so that the fever relative equilibrium of each switching tube be not added to In the case of this, the working life of switching tube in H bridges is improved, so as to extend the life cycle of DC-DC converter.
In order to achieve the above objectives, a kind of DC-DC converter that another aspect of the present invention embodiment proposes, including：H bridges, institute It states H bridges and includes first switch pipe, second switch pipe, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube, wherein, the first switch pipe and institute It states second switch pipe and forms the first bridge arm, the third switching tube and the 4th switching tube form the second bridge arm；Control module, The control module is used to obtain when the DC-DC converter is worked when once working in the DC-DC converter Control mode, and control mode when control mode when being worked according to the DC-DC converter last time selects this task, The control mode of the DC-DC converter includes the control mode of phase shift modulation and the control mode of down tube modulation, wherein, it is elected to When control mode when selecting this task is the control mode of the phase shift modulation, the control module acquisition is controlled in the first way It makes setting time Tx of the H bridges and controls the setting time Ty of the H bridges in a second manner, and according to the setting time Tx The H bridges are carried out alternately to control with to the first switch pipe, second switch pipe, third switching tube with the setting time Ty Temperature equalization control is carried out with the 4th switching tube, wherein, when controlling the H bridges with the first method, by first bridge arm As leading-bridge, and using second bridge arm as lagging leg；When controlling the H bridges with the second method, by described in Second bridge arm is as leading-bridge, and using first bridge arm as lagging leg；Control mode when selecting this work During control mode for down tube modulation, the control module obtain with Third Way control the H bridges total time TC and The total time TD of the H bridges is controlled with fourth way, and obtains the controlling party that the DC-DC converter uses down tube modulation The setting time Ti of the H bridges is controlled and with described with the Third Way in each working cycles in the course of work that formula carries out Fourth way controls the setting time Tm of the H bridges and by judging between the total time TC and the total time TD In a manner of relationship controls the H bridges when the DC-DC converter is selected to start, and according to setting time Ti and The setting time Tm carries out the H bridges alternately control, with to the first switch pipe, second switch pipe, third switching tube Temperature equalization control is carried out with the 4th switching tube, wherein, when controlling the H bridges with the Third Way, by the first switch Pipe and the third switching tube are used as upper tube and using the second switch pipe and the 4th switching tube as down tube The control mode of down tube modulation controls the first switch pipe to the 4th switching tube；It is controlled with the fourth way During the H bridges, using the first switch pipe and the third switching tube as down tube and by the second switch pipe and described 4th switching tube as upper tube, and using down tube modulation control mode to the first switch pipe to the 4th switching tube into Row control.
When being actuated for work, DC-DC is obtained DC-DC converter according to embodiments of the present invention by control module Control mode when the converter last time works, and control mode when being worked according to the DC-DC converter last time selects this Control mode during work so that the control mode of phase shift modulation and down tube are modulated in DC-DC converter whole life cycle Control mode is alternately.Wherein, during control mode of the control mode when selecting this work for phase shift modulation, pass through control Molding block obtains the setting time Tx of control H bridges in the first way and controls setting the time Ty, Ran Hougen of H bridges in a second manner According to Tx and Ty to H bridges carry out alternately control, with to first switch pipe, second switch pipe, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube into Trip temperature Balance route；During the control mode that the control mode when selecting this work is modulated for down tube, pass through control module It obtains with total time TC of Third Way control H bridges and the total time TD with fourth way control H bridges, and obtains DC-DC transformation With the setting of Third Way control H bridges in each working cycles in the course of work that the control mode that device uses down tube to modulate carries out The time Ti and setting time Tm with fourth way control H bridges, then judges the relationship between total time TC and total time TD, most The mode controlled when being started afterwards according to the relationship selection DC-DC converter between total time TC and total time TD H bridges, and Alternately control carries out H bridges according to Ti and Tm in the course of work of DC-DC converter, with to first switch pipe, second switch Pipe, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control, thus in whole life cycle, using phase shift modulation H bridges are alternately controlled by first method and second method when control mode is worked, the controlling party modulated using down tube According to total time TC of record with total time TD Third Way or fourth way first being selected to control, then H bridges during formula H bridges are alternately controlled using Third Way and fourth way again so that the fever relative equilibrium of each switching tube be not added to In the case of this, the working life of switching tube in H bridges is improved, so as to extend life cycle.
In addition, the embodiment of the present invention also proposed a kind of electric vehicle, including above-mentioned DC-DC converter.
The electric vehicle of the embodiment of the present invention can control DC-DC converter to use phase shift tune in whole life cycle The control mode of control mode and the down tube modulation of system alternately, and when being worked using the control mode of phase shift modulation When alternately controlling H bridges, the control mode modulated using down tube by first method and second method according to record it is total when Between TC and Third Way or fourth way is first selected to control H bridges total time TD and then uses Third Way and the again Four modes alternately control H bridges, can realize and first switch pipe, second switch pipe, the third switching tube and the 4th in H bridges are opened It closes pipe and carries out temperature equalization control so that the fever relative equilibrium of each switching tube in the case where not increasing cost, improves H The working life of switching tube in bridge, so as to extend the life cycle of DC-DC converter.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram according to the DC-DC converter of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart according to the control method of the DC-DC converter of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 A are four when being controlled using first method the H bridges switching tube according to one embodiment of the invention Drive waveforms schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 B are four when being controlled using second method the H bridges switching tube according to one embodiment of the invention Drive waveforms schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 A are four when being controlled using Third Way the H bridges switching tube according to one embodiment of the invention Drive waveforms schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 B are four when being controlled using fourth way the H bridges switching tube according to one embodiment of the invention Drive waveforms schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is the flow chart according to the control method of the DC-DC converter of a specific embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 6 is the block diagram according to the electric vehicle of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described below in detail, the example of the embodiment is shown in the drawings, wherein from beginning to end Same or similar label represents same or similar element or the element with same or like function.Below with reference to attached The embodiment of figure description is exemplary, it is intended to for explaining the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
With reference to the accompanying drawings come describe the embodiment of the present invention proposition DC-DC converter control method, DC-DC converter And the electric vehicle with the DC-DC converter.
As shown in Figure 1, DC-DC converter according to an embodiment of the invention includes H bridges, H bridges may include first switch Pipe Q1, second switch pipe Q2, third switching tube Q3 and the 4th switching tube Q4.Wherein, first switch pipe Q1 and second switch pipe Q2 The first bridge arm is formed, third switching tube Q3 and the 4th switching tube Q4 form the second bridge arm, first switch pipe Q1 and second switch pipe Between Q2 there is first node A, there is second node B between third switching tube Q3 and the 4th switching tube Q4.
Also, as shown in Figure 1, the DC-DC converter further includes transformer, the first inductance L1, the first capacitance C1, the second electricity Sense L2 and the second capacitance C2, the 5th switching tube Q5, the 6th switching tube Q6, one end of the first inductance L1 are connected with first node A, the The other end of one inductance L1 is connected with one end of the first capacitance C1, the other end of the first capacitance C1 and the armature winding of transformer One end is connected, and the other end of the armature winding of transformer is connected with second node B.The secondary windings of transformer connects the 5th respectively Switching tube Q5 and the 6th switching tube Q6, the second inductance L2 and the second capacitance C2 are connected to the output terminal of DC-DC converter.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 2, the control method of above-mentioned DC-DC converter includes the following steps：
S1 when DC-DC converter is worked, obtains the control mode during work of DC-DC converter last time, and root Control mode when working according to the DC-DC converter last time selects control mode during this task, wherein, DC-DC converter The control mode of control mode including phase shift modulation and the control mode of down tube modulation.
In other words, DC-DC converter starts per task, reads control mode used by the last time, if last work Control mode is the control mode of phase shift modulation used by work, then this task of DC-DC converter will be using down tube modulation Control mode；If last time work used by control mode be down tube modulation control mode, DC-DC converter this Work will be using the control mode of phase shift modulation.In this way, in the whole life cycle of DC-DC converter, the control of phase shift modulation The control mode of mode and down tube modulation processed is alternately.
S2, during control mode for phase shift modulation of control mode when selecting this work, acquisition is controlled in the first way The setting time Tx of the H bridges processed and setting time Ty for controlling H bridges in a second manner, and according to setting time Tx and setting time Ty Alternately control is carried out to H bridges, with equal into trip temperature to first switch pipe, second switch pipe, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube Weighing apparatus control.
Wherein, when controlling the H bridges with the first method, using first bridge arm as leading-bridge, and by described in Second bridge arm is as lagging leg；When controlling the H bridges with the second method, using second bridge arm as leading-bridge, And using first bridge arm as lagging leg.
According to one embodiment of present invention, it when controlling the H bridges with the first method, exports to first switch pipe Q1 Control signal and output to second switch pipe Q2 control signal is complementary and output to third switching tube Q3 control signal With exporting to the control signal complementation of the 4th switching tube Q4, and first switch pipe Q1 previous phase angles super than the 4th switching tube Q4 It opens and second switch pipe Q2 previous phase angles super than third switching tube Q3 is open-minded.
Specifically, the drive of the drive waveforms of first switch pipe Q1, the drive waveforms of second switch pipe Q2, third switching tube Q3 Voltage U between two bridge arms of dynamic waveform, the drive waveforms of the 4th switching tube Q4 and H bridgesABWaveform is as shown in Figure 3A.From figure 3A can show that the control signal of Q1, Q2 are complementary in four switching tubes of H bridges, and the control signal of Q3, Q4 are complementary, and diagonal is opened Pass pipe Q1 previous phase angles super than Q4 are open-minded, and Q2 is super than Q3, and previous phase angle is open-minded.Also, by adjusting the phase angle Size adjusts output voltage.
Also, when controlling the H bridges with the second method, export to the control signal of first switch pipe Q1 with exporting extremely The control signal of second switch pipe Q2 is complementary and exports to the control signal of third switching tube Q3 and output to the 4th switching tube The control signal of Q4 is complementary, and the 4th switching tube Q4 previous phase angles super than first switch pipe Q1 are opened and third switch Pipe Q3 is super than second switch pipe Q2, and previous phase angle is open-minded.
Specifically, the drive of the drive waveforms of first switch pipe Q1, the drive waveforms of second switch pipe Q2, third switching tube Q3 Voltage U between two bridge arms of dynamic waveform, the drive waveforms of the 4th switching tube Q4 and H bridgesABWaveform is as shown in Figure 3B.From figure 4 can obtain, the control signal of Q1, Q2 are complementary in four switching tubes of H bridges, and the control signal of Q3, Q4 are complementary, diagonal wiretap Pipe Q4 is super than Q1, and previous phase angle is open-minded, and Q3 is super than Q2, and previous phase angle is open-minded.Equally, by adjusting the big of the phase angle It is small to adjust output voltage.
Wherein, it should be noted that in the course of work that DC-DC converter is carried out using the control mode of phase shift modulation In, if controlled only with first method A H bridges, Sofe Switch is difficult to realize as switching tube Q3, Q4 in lagging leg That is zero voltage switch, therefore the switching loss of switching tube Q3, Q4 are big, cause to overheat.
Similarly, in the course of work carried out in DC-DC converter using the control mode of phase shift modulation, if only with Second method B controls H bridges, and Sofe Switch i.e. zero voltage switch is difficult to realize as switching tube Q1, Q2 in lagging leg, Therefore the switching loss of switching tube Q1, Q2 are big, cause to overheat.
Therefore, in one embodiment of the invention, DC-DC converter is worked using the control mode of phase shift modulation When, Tx and Ty is first set, it, can in the course of work then carried out in DC-DC converter using the control mode of phase shift modulation DC-DC converter, which works, first to be controlled such that H bridges using first method A, until using first method A to H bridges into The time of row control reaches Tx, is switched to and is controlled such that DC-DC converter works to H bridges using second method B, directly Reach Ty to using the time that second method B controls H bridges, so complete a working cycles (i.e. working cycles Time=Tx+Ty), then be switched to and DC-DC converter, which works, to be controlled such that H bridges using first method A, until adopting Reach Tx with the first method A times controlled H bridges, then switch to and H bridges are controlled such that using second method B DC-DC converter works, until reaching Ty using the time that second method B controls H bridges ... ..., so repeatedly It carries out, realizes and alternately control is carried out to H bridges, opened so as to fulfill to first switch pipe, second switch pipe, third switching tube and the 4th It closes pipe and carries out temperature equalization control.Certainly, the course of work carried out in DC-DC converter using the control mode of phase shift modulation In, also can DC-DC converter, which works, first be controlled such that H bridges using second method B, until using second method B The time controlled H bridges reaches Ty, is switched to and is controlled such that DC-DC converter is carried out to H bridges using first method A Work until reaching Tx using the time that first method A controls H bridges, so completes a working cycles, and according to this The working cycles of sample are repeated, until DC-DC converter stops this task.
In other words, in one embodiment of the invention, the H bridges are handed over according to setting time Tx and setting time Ty For control, including：When the time of the H bridges being controlled to reach Tx using the first method, using the second method to institute It states H bridges to be controlled, until the time for controlling the H bridges using the second method reaches Ty；Or when using described second When mode controls the time of the H bridges to reach Ty, the H bridges are controlled using the first method, until described in using First method controls the time of the H bridges to reach Tx.
It should be noted that in an embodiment of the present invention, H bridges are either controlled in the first way still with second Mode controls H bridges, and what DC-DC converter used is all the control mode of phase shift modulation.Wherein, first to fourth switching tube is equal It is driven using 50% duty ratio, the driving voltage of same bridge arm is complementary, phase difference 180 degree, and leading-bridge and lagging leg Between differ a phase angle, adjust output voltage by adjusting the size at the phase angle.
According to one embodiment of present invention, setting time Tx controlled with the first method the H bridges etc. In the setting time Ty controlled with the second method the H bridges, can ensure so in the first way and second party Formula ensures first switch pipe Q1, second switch pipe Q2, third switching tube Q3 and the 4th switching tube Q4 fever phases when alternately controlling H bridges To balance.
It is, of course, understood that in other embodiments of the invention, the H bridges are carried out with the first method Setting time Tx of control can not also be equal with the setting time Ty controlled with the second method the H bridges.
In conclusion when DC-DC converter is worked using the control mode of phase shift modulation, based on setting time Tx First method or second method is selected to carry out alternately control to H bridges with Ty, it can be in DC-DC converter using phase shift modulation The calorific value relative equilibrium of switching tube Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 in H bridges are realized in control mode, additional member need not be increased in this way Device reduces cost, and can increase the working life of DC-DC converter, reduces failure rate.
S3 during the control mode that the control mode when selecting this work is modulated for down tube, is obtained with Third Way control Total time TC of H bridges processed and the total time TD with fourth way control H bridges, and DC-DC converter is obtained using down tube modulation With the setting time Ti of Third Way control H bridges and with four directions in each working cycles in the course of work that control mode carries out The setting time Tm of formula control H bridges and by judging the relationship between total time TC and the total time TD to select DC-DC The mode that converter controls H bridges when starting, and alternately control carries out H bridges according to setting time Ti and setting time Tm System, to carry out temperature equalization control to first switch pipe, second switch pipe, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube.
Wherein, when controlling the H bridges with the Third Way, using first switch pipe Q1 and third switching tube Q3 as upper tube And using second switch pipe Q2 and the 4th switching tube Q4 as down tube, and the control mode modulated using down tube is to first switch pipe It is controlled to the 4th switching tube；When controlling the H bridges with the fourth way, by first switch pipe Q1 and third switching tube Q3 As down tube and using second switch pipe Q2 and the 4th switching tube Q4 as upper tube, and using down tube modulation control mode to the One switching tube to the 4th switching tube is controlled.
According to one embodiment of present invention, it when controlling the H bridges with the Third Way, exports to first switch pipe Q1 Control signal and output to third switching tube Q3 control signal it is complementary and be fixed duty cycle, and to output to second switch The failing edge of the control signal of pipe Q2 and the 4th switching tube Q4 carries out PWM controls.
Specifically, the drive of the drive waveforms of first switch pipe Q1, the drive waveforms of second switch pipe Q2, third switching tube Q3 Voltage U between two bridge arms of dynamic waveform, the drive waveforms of the 4th switching tube Q4 and H bridgesABWaveform is as shown in Figure 4 A.From figure 4A can show that the control signal of Q1, Q3 are complementary in four switching tubes of H bridges and are to fix 50% duty ratio, the decline of Q2, Q4 Edge is modulated, and be to adjust output voltage by adjusting the driving voltage failing edge of down tube by PWM rules.
Also, when controlling the H bridges with the fourth way, export to the control signal of second switch pipe Q2 with exporting extremely The control signal of 4th switching tube Q4 is complementary and is fixed duty cycle, and to output to first switch pipe Q1 and third switching tube Q3 Control signal failing edge carry out PWM controls.
Specifically, the drive of the drive waveforms of first switch pipe Q1, the drive waveforms of second switch pipe Q2, third switching tube Q3 Voltage U between two bridge arms of dynamic waveform, the drive waveforms of the 4th switching tube Q4 and H bridgesABWaveform is as shown in Figure 4 B.From figure 4B can show that the control signal of Q2, Q4 are complementary in four switching tubes of H bridges and are to fix 50% duty ratio, the decline of Q1, Q3 Edge is modulated, and be to adjust output voltage by adjusting the driving voltage failing edge of down tube by PWM rules.
Wherein, it should be noted that in the course of work that DC-DC converter is carried out using the control mode of down tube modulation In, if controlled only with Third Way C H bridges, since the resonant discharge stage can only utilize primary side resonant inductance, because This is difficult to realize Sofe Switch i.e. zero voltage switch as switching tube Q2, Q4 of down tube, so as to the switching loss of switching tube Q2, Q4 Greatly, cause to overheat.
Similarly, in the course of work carried out in DC-DC converter using the control mode of down tube modulation, if only with Fourth way D controls H bridges, since the resonant discharge stage can only utilize primary side resonant inductance, as down tube Switching tube Q1, Q3 are difficult to realize Sofe Switch i.e. zero voltage switch, big so as to the switching loss of switching tube Q1, Q3, cause to overheat.
Therefore, in one embodiment of the invention, DC-DC converter is worked using the control mode of down tube modulation When, when being controlled using Third Way C H bridges, record uses the time that Third Way C controls H bridges, so as to To with the total time TC of Third Way control H bridges, then stored；When being controlled using fourth way D H bridges, record The time controlled using fourth way D H bridges, so as to available total time TD, Ran Houjin with fourth way control H bridges Row storage.Then when DC-DC converter starts every time, judge the relationship between total time TC and total time TD, last basis The mode that relationship selection DC-DC converter between total time TC and total time TD controls H bridges when starting.
Specifically, according to one embodiment of present invention, according to the pass between the total time TC and the total time TD During the mode controlled when system selects the DC-DC converter to start to the H bridges, wherein, when the total time TC is more than During the total time TD, the fourth way is selected to control the H bridges when the DC-DC converter starts, until The total time TC is equal to the total time TD；When the total time TC is less than the total time TD, converted in the DC-DC Device selects the Third Way to control the H bridges when starting, until the total time TC is equal to the total time TD；When When the total time TC is equal to the total time TD, the Third Way or described is selected when the DC-DC converter starts Fourth way with according to Ti and Tm to the H bridges carry out alternately control.
Wherein, it is described that alternately control, packet carry out the H bridges according to the setting time Ti and the setting time Tm It includes：When the time of the H bridges being controlled to reach Ti using the Third Way, the H bridges are carried out using the fourth way Control, until reaching Tm using the time of the fourth way control H bridges；Or when using fourth way control institute When stating time of H bridges and reaching Tm, the H bridges are controlled using the Third Way, until using the Third Way control The time for making the H bridges reaches Ti.
That is, DC-DC converter using down tube modulation control mode work before, from storage region obtain with Total time TC of Third Way control H bridges and the total time TD with fourth way control H bridges, then Ti and Tm are set, then to total Are judged time TC and total time TD, determine first to control H bridges using Third Way or first adopt according to judging result H bridges are controlled with fourth way, i.e., are obtained from storage region with total time TC of Third Way control H bridges and with fourth way control The total time TD of H bridges processed, and the purpose that the relationship between total time TC and total time TD is judged is to confirm DC-DC transformation The mode controlled H bridges that device first selects when starting.If for example, the TC=20 minutes, TD=18 minutes that get, DC- DC converters first select fourth way D to be controlled such that DC-DC converter starts work, and 2 to H bridges in this task It is switched to after minute and DC-DC converter, which works, to be controlled such that H bridges using Third Way C, until using third party The time that formula C controls H bridges reaches Ti, then is switched to and is controlled such that DC-DC is converted to H bridges using fourth way D Device works, until reaching Tm using the time that fourth way D controls H bridges, so completes a working cycles (i.e. One net cycle time=Ti+Tm), then be switched to H bridges are controlled such that using Third Way C DC-DC converter into Row work until reaching Ti using the time that Third Way C controls H bridges, is then switched to using fourth way D to H Bridge is controlled such that DC-DC converter works, until being reached using the time that fourth way D controls H bridges Tm ... ... is so repeated, and realizes and alternately control is carried out to H bridges, so as to fulfill to first switch pipe, second switch pipe, the Three switching tubes and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control.And if the TC=18 minutes, TD=20 minutes that get, DC-DC converter first selects Third Way C to be controlled such that DC-DC converter starts work to H bridges in this task, and It is switched to after the 2 minutes and DC-DC converter, which works, to be controlled such that H bridges using fourth way D, until using the 4th The time that mode D controls H bridges reaches Tm, then is switched to and is controlled such that DC-DC becomes to H bridges using Third Way C Parallel operation works, until reaching Ti using the time that Third Way C controls H bridges, so completes a working cycles (i.e. a net cycle time=Ti+Tm), then be switched to and DC-DC converter is controlled such that H bridges using fourth way D It works, until the time controlled H bridges using fourth way D reaches Tm, then switches to using C pairs of Third Way H bridges are controlled such that DC-DC converter works, until being reached using the time that Third Way C controls H bridges Ti ... ... is so repeated, and realizes and alternately control is carried out to H bridges, so as to fulfill to first switch pipe, second switch pipe, the Three switching tubes and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control.
Certainly, it when total time TC got being equal to total time TD, directly can first be used when DC-DC converter starts Third Way C is controlled such that DC-DC converter works to H bridges, until being controlled using Third Way C H bridges Time reach Ti, be switched to and DC-DC converter, which works, to be controlled such that H bridges using fourth way D, until use The time that fourth way D controls H bridges reaches Tm, so complete working cycles (i.e. a net cycle time= Ti+Tm), then it is switched to DC-DC converter, which works, is controlled such that H bridges using Third Way C, until using third The time that mode C controls H bridges reaches Ti, then switches to and is controlled such that DC-DC to H bridges using fourth way D Converter works, until reaching Tm using the time that fourth way D controls H bridges ... ..., is so repeated, It realizes and alternately control is carried out to H bridges, so as to fulfill to first switch pipe, second switch pipe, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube Carry out temperature equalization control.Alternatively, when total time TC got being equal to total time TD, when DC-DC converter starts Can DC-DC converter, which works, first directly be controlled such that H bridges using fourth way D, until using D pairs of fourth way The time that H bridges are controlled reaches Tm, is switched to and is controlled such that DC-DC converter carries out work to H bridges using Third Way C Make, until reaching Ti using the time that Third Way C controls H bridges, so complete a working cycles, and according in this way Working cycles be repeated, until DC-DC converter is stopped.
Wherein, mode is chosen in each working cycles later just according to fixed form i.e. Third Way or fourth way control H bridges processed, when switching mode, record total time, for example, in the ban using Third Way control H bridges when, when switching mode record with Third Way control H bridges when starting for DC-DC converter this task total time from storage region obtain with Third Way The total time of H bridges is controlled plus DC-DC converter this working cycles interior time with Third Way control H bridges recorded.
In one embodiment of the invention, the setting time Ti controlled with the Third Way the H bridges can Equal to the setting time Tm controlled with the fourth way the H bridges, can ensure with Third Way and the 4th in this way Mode ensures first switch pipe Q1, second switch pipe Q2, third switching tube Q3 and the 4th switching tube Q4 fevers when alternately controlling H bridges Relative equilibrium.
It is, of course, understood that in other embodiments of the invention, the H bridges are carried out with the Third Way Setting time Ti of control can not also be equal with the setting time Tm controlled with the fourth way the H bridges.
It should be noted that in an embodiment of the present invention, H bridges are either controlled still with the 4th with Third Way Mode controls H bridges, and what DC-DC converter used is all the control mode of down tube modulation.Wherein, the control modulated using down tube During mode, two switching tubes of upper tube are open-minded in turn by 50% duty ratio, there is no dead time, by adjust down tube two The failing edge of a switching tube driving voltage, realizes the adjusting of output voltage.
Also, in the control mode of down tube modulation, two switching tubes Sofe Switch, that is, no-voltage easy to implement of upper tube is opened It closes, corresponding to the leading-bridge in the control mode of phase shift modulation, and two switching tubes of down tube correspond to the control of phase shift modulation Lagging leg in mode processed is difficult to realize zero voltage switch.
In the embodiment of the present invention, when DC-DC converter uses the control mode of down tube modulation in whole life cycle, It can make temperature by first to fourth switching tube alternately as top tube and down tube, that is, Q1, Q3 and Q2, Q4 alternate plays upper tube, down tube Stress is equivalent in four switching tubes of H bridges to be uniformly distributed, so that the fever relative equilibrium of each switching tube, is realized whole Thermal balance extends the service life of DC-DC converter.
In conclusion when DC-DC converter is worked using the control mode of down tube modulation, by recording DC-DC Converter is that H bridges are controlled using Third Way or fourth way, and total time TC when recording using Third Way and is adopted Total time TD during with fourth way, then the relationship between TC and TD judge, so as to when DC-DC converter starts Selection controls the mode of H bridges, is then alternately controlling H bridges, therefore can be in DC-DC based on setting time Tm and setting time Ti The calorific value relative equilibrium of switching tube Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 in H bridges are realized in the control mode that converter is modulated using down tube, Additional component need not be increased in this way, reduce cost, and the working life of DC-DC converter can be increased, reduce failure rate.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the setting time Ti controlled with the Third Way the H bridges can Equal to the setting time Tm controlled with the fourth way the H bridges, can ensure with Third Way and the 4th in this way Mode ensures first switch pipe Q1, second switch pipe Q2, third switching tube Q3 and the 4th switching tube Q4 fevers when alternately controlling H bridges Relative equilibrium.
It is, of course, understood that in other embodiments of the invention, the H bridges are carried out with the Third Way Setting time Ti of control can not also be equal with the setting time Tm controlled with the fourth way the H bridges.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, Tx can be equal to Ty, Ti can be equal to Tm, and Tx can also simultaneously etc. In Ti.
Specifically, according to one embodiment of present invention, as shown in figure 5, the control method of above-mentioned DC-DC converter Include the following steps：
S501, work start, i.e., when DC-DC converter starts and starts to work, output control waveform are needed to come in H bridges Switching tube controlled.
S5011, used control mode when reading the work of DC-DC converter last time.
S5011 judges the last time using the no control mode for phase shift modulation.If so, perform step S507；Such as Fruit is no, performs step S502.
In other words, if control mode is the control mode of phase shift modulation used by last work, DC-DC converter This task will be using the control mode of down tube modulation；If control mode is not phase shift modulation used by last time work Control mode, then this task of DC-DC converter will be using the control mode of phase shift modulation.
S502 sets Tx and Ty.
S503 is controlled such that DC-DC converter works using first method A to H bridges, and is converted in DC-DC Judge whether this task of DC-DC converter terminates in the course of work of device, if so, terminating flow, continue if not, returning Judge.
S504 judges whether the time using first method A control H bridges reaches Tx.If so, perform step S505；Such as Fruit is no, return to step S503.
S505 is controlled such that DC-DC converter works using second method B to H bridges, and is converted in DC-DC Judge whether this task of DC-DC converter terminates in the course of work of device, if so, terminating flow, continue if not, returning Judge.
S506 judges whether the time using second method B control H bridges reaches Ty.Step is performed if so, returning S503；If not, return to step S505.
S507 is read with total time TC of Third Way C control H bridges and the total time TD with fourth way D control H bridges.
S508 sets Ti and Tm.
S509, judges whether TC is more than TD.If so, perform step S510；If not, perform step S511.
S510 selects fourth way D to control H bridges, until TC=TD, then performs step S513.
S511, judges whether TC is less than TD.If so, perform step S512；If not, perform step S513 or S514.
S512 selects Third Way C to control H bridges, until TC=TD, then performs step S514.
S513 is controlled such that DC-DC converter works, and during the work time using Third Way C to H bridges Judge whether this task terminates, if so, terminating flow, continue to judge if not, returning.
S514 is controlled such that DC-DC converter works, and during the work time using fourth way D to H bridges Judge whether this task terminates, if so, terminating flow, continue to judge if not, returning.
S515 judges whether the time using Third Way C control H bridges reaches Ti.If so, perform step S514；Such as Fruit is no, return to step S513.
S516 judges whether the time using fourth way D control H bridges reaches Tm.Step is performed if so, returning S513；If not, return to step S514.
Therefore, in an embodiment of the present invention, in the whole life cycle of DC-DC converter, using phase shift modulation Control mode and the control mode of down tube modulation alternately, and are based on the setting time when using the control mode of phase shift modulation Tx and Ty come select in the first way or second method alternately control H bridges and using down tube modulation control mode when base It selects to control H bridges with Third Way or fourth way in total time TC and total time TD, DC-DC converter to be caused to start, Then it is based on setting time Tm again and setting time Ti alternately controls H bridges, thus in whole life cycle, DC-DC First method and second method alternately control H bridges when converter is worked using the control mode of phase shift modulation, use The control mode of down tube modulation selects according to total time TC of record and first Third Way or the total time TD when being worked Four modes are controlled H bridges and then H bridges are alternately controlled using Third Way and fourth way again, it is ensured that each switching tube Fever relative equilibrium, substantially increase the working life of DC-DC converter.
The control method of DC-DC converter according to embodiments of the present invention when DC-DC converter is worked, obtains Control mode when the DC-DC converter last time works, and control mode when work according to the DC-DC converter last time selects Control mode during this task so that the control mode of phase shift modulation and down tube tune in DC-DC converter whole life cycle The control mode of system is alternately.Wherein, it during control mode of the control mode when selecting this work for phase shift modulation, obtains It takes the setting time Tx of control H bridges in the first way and controls the setting time Ty of H bridges in a second manner, then according to Tx and Ty H bridges are carried out alternately to control to carry out temperature equalization to first switch pipe, second switch pipe, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube Control；During the control mode that the control mode when selecting this work is modulated for down tube, obtain with Third Way control H bridges Total time TC and the total time TD with fourth way control H bridges, and obtain the control mode that DC-DC converter uses down tube modulation In the course of work of progress H is controlled with the setting time Ti of Third Way control H bridges in each working cycles and with fourth way The setting time Tm of bridge, then judges the relationship between total time TC and total time TD, finally according to total time TC and total time The mode that relationship selection DC-DC converter between TD controls H bridges when starting, and in the worked of DC-DC converter Alternately control carries out H bridges according to Ti and Tm in journey, to open first switch pipe, second switch pipe, third switching tube and the 4th Close pipe and carry out temperature equalization control, so as in whole life cycle, DC-DC converter using phase shift modulation control mode into H bridges are alternately controlled by first method and second method during row work, DC-DC converter uses the controlling party of down tube modulation According to total time TC of record with total time TD Third Way or fourth way first being selected to control, then H bridges during formula H bridges are alternately controlled using Third Way and fourth way again so that the fever relative equilibrium of each switching tube be not added to In the case of this, the working life of switching tube in H bridges is improved, so as to extend the life cycle of DC-DC converter.
As shown in Figure 1, DC-DC converter according to embodiments of the present invention includes H bridges and such as MCU of control module 100 (Micro Control Unit, microcontroller).Wherein, H bridges include first switch pipe Q1, second switch pipe Q2, third switch Pipe Q3 and the 4th switching tube Q4, first switch pipe Q1 and second switch pipe Q2 form the first bridge arm, third switching tube Q3 and the 4th Switching tube Q4 forms the second bridge arm, has first node A, third switching tube Q3 between first switch pipe Q1 and second switch pipe Q2 There is second node B between the 4th switching tube Q4.
Control module 100 is used to obtain primary work in the DC-DC converter when the DC-DC converter is worked Control mode when making, and control when control mode when being worked according to the DC-DC converter last time selects this task Mode processed, wherein, the control mode of the DC-DC converter includes the control mode of phase shift modulation and the controlling party of down tube modulation Formula.
Also, during control mode of the control mode when selecting this work for the phase shift modulation, control module 100 Acquisition controls setting time Tx of the H bridges and controls the setting time Ty of the H bridges, and root in a second manner in the first way The H bridges are carried out alternately to control with to the first switch pipe, second according to the setting time Tx and the setting time Ty Switching tube, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control, wherein, the H bridges are controlled with the first method When, using first bridge arm as leading-bridge, and using second bridge arm as lagging leg；It is controlled with the second method During the H bridges, using second bridge arm as leading-bridge, and using first bridge arm as lagging leg.When select this During the control mode that control mode during work is modulated for the down tube, control module 100 is obtained controls the H with Third Way Total time TC of bridge and the total time TD that the H bridges are controlled with fourth way, and the DC-DC converter is obtained using under described Control the setting of the H bridges in the course of work that the control mode of pipe modulation carries out in each working cycles with the Third Way Time Ti and with the fourth way control the H bridges setting time Tm and by judge the total time TC with it is described In a manner of relationship between total time TD controls the H bridges when the DC-DC converter is selected to start, and according to institute It states setting time Ti and the setting time Tm carries out the H bridges alternately control, with to the first switch pipe, second switch Pipe, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control, wherein, it, will when controlling the H bridges with the Third Way The first switch pipe and the third switching tube are made as upper tube and by the second switch pipe and the 4th switching tube Control mode for down tube, and use down tube modulation controls the first switch pipe to the 4th switching tube；With institute When stating fourth way and controlling the H bridges, using the first switch pipe and the third switching tube as down tube and by described the Two switching tubes and the 4th switching tube are as upper tube, and the control mode modulated using down tube is to the first switch pipe to institute The 4th switching tube is stated to be controlled.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the control module according to setting time Tx and sets time Ty to the H When bridge alternately control, wherein, when the time of the H bridges being controlled to reach Tx using the first method, the control mould Block controls the H bridges using the second method, until the time for controlling the H bridges using the second method reaches Ty；Or when the time of the H bridges being controlled to reach Ty using the second method, the control module uses the first party Formula controls the H bridges, until the time for controlling the H bridges using the first method reaches Tx.
That is, in an embodiment of the present invention, DC-DC converter is carried out every time using the control mode of phase shift modulation During work, control module first sets Tx and Ty, the work then carried out in DC-DC converter using the control mode of phase shift modulation During work, can DC-DC converter, which works, first be controlled such that H bridges using first method A, until using first party The time that formula A controls H bridges reaches Tx, is switched to and is controlled such that DC-DC converter to H bridges using second method B It works, until reaching Ty using the time that second method B controls H bridges, so completes a working cycles (i.e. one A net cycle time=Tx+Ty), then be switched to and be controlled such that DC-DC converter is carried out to H bridges using first method A Work until reaching Tx using the time that first method A controls H bridges, is then switched to using second method B to H bridges It is controlled such that DC-DC converter works, until reaching using the time that second method B controls H bridges Ty ... ... is so repeated, and realizes and alternately control is carried out to H bridges, so as to fulfill to first switch pipe, second switch pipe, the Three switching tubes and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control.Certainly, the control mode of phase shift modulation is used in DC-DC converter In the course of work carried out, control module also first H bridges can be controlled such that using second method B DC-DC converter into Row work, until the time controlled H bridges using second method B reach Ty, be switched to using first method A to H bridges into Row controls so that DC-DC converter works, until reaching Tx using the time that first method A controls H bridges, so A working cycles are completed, and are repeated according to such working cycles, until DC-DC converter stops this task.
Wherein, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the setting controlled with the first method the H bridges Time Tx can be equal to the setting time Ty controlled with the second method the H bridges.It can ensure with first party in this way Formula and second method ensure first switch pipe Q1, second switch pipe Q2, the switches of third switching tube Q3 and the 4th when alternately controlling H bridges Pipe Q4 fever relative equilibriums.
It is, of course, understood that in other embodiments of the invention, the H bridges are carried out with the first method Setting time Tx of control can not also be equal with the setting time Ty controlled with the second method the H bridges.
According to one embodiment of present invention, with the first method control the H bridges when, the control module export to The control signal of the first switch pipe and the control signal of output to the second switch pipe be complementary and output is to described the The control signal of three switching tubes and the control signal of output to the 4th switching tube are complementary, and described in the first switch pipe ratio The super previous phase angle of 4th switching tube is opened and the second switch pipe previous phase angle super than the third switching tube It is open-minded.
Also, when controlling the H bridges with the second method, the control module is exported to the control of the first switch pipe Signal processed controls signal complementation and output to the control signal of the third switching tube with output to the second switch pipe With exporting to the control signal complementation of the 4th switching tube, and the 4th switching tube is super more previous than the first switch pipe Phase angle is opened and the third switching tube previous phase angle super than the second switch pipe is open-minded.
In one embodiment of the invention, it is worked in DC-DC converter using the control mode of down tube modulation In the process, when control module is controlled such that DC-DC converter works using Third Way C to H bridges, record is using the The time that three mode C control H bridges so as to the available total time TC with Third Way control H bridges, is then deposited Storage；When control module is controlled such that DC-DC converter works using fourth way D to H bridges, record is using four directions The time that formula D controls H bridges so as to the available total time TD with fourth way control H bridges, is then stored.This For sample when DC-DC converter needs the control mode using down tube modulation to carry out startup work, control module judges total time TC With the relationship between total time TD, and according between total time TC and total time TD relationship selection DC-DC converter start when The mode controlled H bridges.
Specifically, according to one embodiment of present invention, the control module according to the total time TC with it is described total when Between relationship between TD the H bridges are controlled when selecting the DC-DC converter to start mode when, wherein, when described When total time TC is more than the total time TD, the control module selects the four directions when the DC-DC converter starts Formula controls the H bridges, until the total time TC is equal to the total time TD；When the total time TC is total less than described During time TD, the control module selects the Third Way to control the H bridges when the DC-DC converter starts System, until the total time TC is equal to the total time TD；When the total time TC is equal to the total time TD, the control Module selected when the DC-DC converter starts the Third Way or the fourth way with according to Ti and Tm to the H Bridge carries out alternately control.
Also, when the control module to the H bridges alternately control according to setting time Ti and setting time Tm, In, when the time of the H bridges being controlled to reach Ti using the Third Way, the H bridges are carried out using the fourth way Control, until reaching Tm using the time of the fourth way control H bridges；Or when using fourth way control institute When stating time of H bridges and reaching Tm, the H bridges are controlled using the Third Way, until using the Third Way control The time for making the H bridges reaches Ti.
That is, before DC-DC converter is using the control mode work of down tube modulation, control module is from memory block Domain is obtained with total time TC of Third Way control H bridges and the total time TD with fourth way control H bridges, then sets Ti and Tm, Then total time TC and total time TD are judged determine it is that H bridges are first controlled using Third Way according to judging result Still H bridges are first controlled using the second control mode, i.e., obtained from storage region with total time TC of Third Way control H bridges and With the total time TD of fourth way control H bridges, and the purpose that the relationship between total time TC and total time TD is judged is Confirm the mode controlled H bridges first selected when DC-DC converter starts.If for example, the TC=20 minutes got, TD= 18 minutes, then DC-DC converter fourth way D is first selected to be controlled such that DC-DC converter opens to H bridges in this task It starts building to make, and is switched to DC-DC converter, which works, to be controlled such that H bridges using Third Way C after the 2 minutes, directly Reach Ti to the time controlled H bridges using Third Way C, then be switched to fourth way D is used to control H bridges with DC-DC converter is made to work, until reaching Tm using the time that fourth way D controls H bridges, so completes one Working cycles (i.e. a net cycle time=Ti+Tm), then be switched to and DC- is controlled such that H bridges using Third Way C DC converters work, until the time controlled H bridges using Third Way C reaches Ti, then switch to using the Four mode D are controlled such that DC-DC converter works to H bridges, until H bridges are controlled using fourth way D Time reaches Tm ... ..., is so repeated, and realizes and alternately control is carried out to H bridges, so as to fulfill to first switch pipe, second Switching tube, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control.And if the TC=18 minutes got, TD=20 Minute, then DC-DC converter first selects Third Way C to be controlled such that DC-DC converter starts to H bridges in this task Work, and be switched to DC-DC converter, which works, to be controlled such that H bridges using fourth way D after the 2 minutes, until Tm is reached using the fourth way D times controlled H bridges, then is switched to and H bridges is controlled such that using Third Way C DC-DC converter works, until reaching Ti using the time that Third Way C controls H bridges, so completes a work (i.e. a net cycle time=Ti+Tm) is recycled, then is switched to and DC-DC is controlled such that H bridges using fourth way D Converter works, until reaching Tm using the time that fourth way D controls H bridges, then switches to using third Mode C is controlled such that DC-DC converter works to H bridges, until using Third Way C to H bridges controlled when Between reach Ti ... ..., be so repeated, realize to H bridges carry out alternately control, opened so as to fulfill to first switch pipe, second Guan Guan, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control.
Certainly, it when total time TC got being equal to total time TD, directly can first be used when DC-DC converter starts Third Way C is controlled such that DC-DC converter works to H bridges, until being controlled using Third Way C H bridges Time reach Ti, be switched to and DC-DC converter, which works, to be controlled such that H bridges using fourth way D, until use The time that fourth way D controls H bridges reaches Tm, so complete working cycles (i.e. a net cycle time= Ti+Tm), then it is switched to DC-DC converter, which works, is controlled such that H bridges using Third Way C, until using third The time that mode C controls H bridges reaches Ti, then switches to and is controlled such that DC-DC to H bridges using fourth way D Converter works, until reaching Tm using the time that fourth way D controls H bridges ... ..., is so repeated, It realizes and alternately control is carried out to H bridges, so as to fulfill to first switch pipe, second switch pipe, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube Carry out temperature equalization control.Alternatively, when total time TC got being equal to total time TD, when DC-DC converter starts Can DC-DC converter, which works, first directly be controlled such that H bridges using fourth way D, until using D pairs of fourth way The time that H bridges are controlled reaches Tm, is switched to and is controlled such that DC-DC converter carries out work to H bridges using Third Way C Make, until reaching Ti using the time that Third Way C controls H bridges, so complete a working cycles, and according in this way Working cycles be repeated, until DC-DC converter is stopped.
Wherein, mode is chosen in each working cycles later just according to fixed form i.e. Third Way or fourth way control H bridges processed, when switching mode, record total time, for example, in the ban using Third Way control H bridges when, when switching mode record with Third Way control H bridges when starting for DC-DC converter this task total time from storage region obtain with Third Way The total time of H bridges is controlled plus DC-DC converter this working cycles interior time with Third Way control H bridges recorded.
According to one embodiment of present invention, with the Third Way control the H bridges when, the control module export to The control signal of the first switch pipe is complementary with the control signal of output to the third switching tube and is fixed duty cycle, and PWM controls are carried out to the failing edge for exporting the control signal to the second switch pipe and the 4th switching tube.
Also, when controlling the H bridges with the fourth way, the control module is exported to the control of the second switch pipe Signal processed is with exporting to the control signal complementation of the 4th switching tube and being fixed duty cycle, and output to described first is opened The failing edge of the control signal of third switching tube described in Guan Guanhe carries out PWM controls.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, first switch pipe Q1, second switch pipe Q2, third switching tube Q3 and 4th switching tube Q4 is IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, insulated gate bipolar transistor), when So, in other embodiments of the invention, first switch pipe Q1, second switch pipe Q2, third switching tube Q3 and the 4th switching tube Q4 may be metal-oxide-semiconductor.
Preferably, according to one embodiment of present invention, during the setting controlled the H bridges with the Third Way Between Ti can be equal to the setting time Tm that is controlled with the fourth way the H bridges, can ensure with Third Way in this way It is alternately controlled with fourth way during H bridges and ensures first switch pipe Q1, second switch pipe Q2, third switching tube Q3 and the 4th switching tube Q4 fever relative equilibriums.
It is, of course, understood that in other embodiments of the invention, the H bridges are carried out with the Third Way Setting time Ti of control can not also be equal with the setting time Tm controlled with the fourth way the H bridges.
When being actuated for work, DC-DC is obtained DC-DC converter according to embodiments of the present invention by control module Control mode when the converter last time works, and control mode when being worked according to the DC-DC converter last time selects this Control mode during work so that the control mode of phase shift modulation and down tube are modulated in DC-DC converter whole life cycle Control mode is alternately.Wherein, during control mode of the control mode when selecting this work for phase shift modulation, pass through control Molding block obtains the setting time Tx of control H bridges in the first way and controls setting the time Ty, Ran Hougen of H bridges in a second manner According to Tx and Ty to H bridges carry out alternately control, with to first switch pipe, second switch pipe, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube into Trip temperature Balance route；During the control mode that the control mode when selecting this work is modulated for down tube, pass through control module It obtains with total time TC of Third Way control H bridges and the total time TD with fourth way control H bridges, and obtains DC-DC transformation With the setting of Third Way control H bridges in each working cycles in the course of work that the control mode that device uses down tube to modulate carries out The time Ti and setting time Tm with fourth way control H bridges, then judges the relationship between total time TC and total time TD, most The mode controlled when being started afterwards according to the relationship selection DC-DC converter between total time TC and total time TD H bridges, and Alternately control carries out H bridges according to Ti and Tm in the course of work of DC-DC converter, with to first switch pipe, second switch Pipe, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control, thus in whole life cycle, using phase shift modulation H bridges are alternately controlled by first method and second method when control mode is worked, the controlling party modulated using down tube According to total time TC of record with total time TD Third Way or fourth way first being selected to control, then H bridges during formula H bridges are alternately controlled using Third Way and fourth way again so that the fever relative equilibrium of each switching tube be not added to In the case of this, the working life of switching tube in H bridges is improved, so as to extend life cycle.
In addition, as shown in fig. 6, the embodiment of the present invention also proposed a kind of electric vehicle 10, including above-mentioned DC-DC Converter 20.
The electric vehicle of the embodiment of the present invention can control DC-DC converter to use phase shift tune in whole life cycle The control mode of control mode and the down tube modulation of system alternately, and when being worked using the control mode of phase shift modulation When alternately controlling H bridges, the control mode modulated using down tube by first method and second method according to record it is total when Between TC and Third Way or fourth way is first selected to control H bridges total time TD and then uses Third Way and the again Four modes alternately control H bridges, can realize and first switch pipe, second switch pipe, the third switching tube and the 4th in H bridges are opened It closes pipe and carries out temperature equalization control so that the fever relative equilibrium of each switching tube in the case where not increasing cost, improves H The working life of switching tube in bridge, so as to extend the life cycle of DC-DC converter.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that term " " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " length ", " width ", " thickness ", " on ", " under ", "front", "rear", "left", "right", " vertical ", " level ", " top ", " bottom " " interior ", " outer ", " up time The orientation or position relationship of the instructions such as needle ", " counterclockwise ", " axial direction ", " radial direction ", " circumferential direction " be based on orientation shown in the drawings or Position relationship is for only for ease of the description present invention and simplifies description rather than instruction or imply that signified device or element must There must be specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.
In addition, term " first ", " second " are only used for description purpose, and it is not intended that instruction or hint relative importance Or the implicit quantity for indicating indicated technical characteristic.Define " first " as a result, the feature of " second " can be expressed or Implicitly include at least one this feature.In the description of the present invention, " multiple " are meant that at least two, such as two, three It is a etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.
In the present invention unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, term " installation ", " connected ", " connection ", " fixation " etc. Term should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be being fixedly connected or being detachably connected or integral；Can be that machinery connects It connects or is electrically connected；It can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected by intermediary, can be in two elements The connection in portion or the interaction relationship of two elements, unless otherwise restricted clearly.For those of ordinary skill in the art For, the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the present invention can be understood as the case may be.
In the present invention unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, fisrt feature can be with "above" or "below" second feature It is that the first and second features are in direct contact or the first and second features pass through intermediary mediate contact.Moreover, fisrt feature exists Second feature " on ", " top " and " above " but fisrt feature right over second feature or oblique upper or be merely representative of Fisrt feature level height is higher than second feature.Fisrt feature second feature " under ", " lower section " and " below " can be One feature is immediately below second feature or obliquely downward or is merely representative of fisrt feature level height less than second feature.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " example ", " is specifically shown " some embodiments " The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or the spy for combining the embodiment or example description Point is contained at least one embodiment of the present invention or example.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms are not It must be directed to identical embodiment or example.Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be in office It is combined in an appropriate manner in one or more embodiments or example.In addition, without conflicting with each other, the skill of this field Art personnel can tie the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the feature of different embodiments or examples It closes and combines.
Although the embodiments of the present invention has been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example Property, it is impossible to limitation of the present invention is interpreted as, those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention can be to above-mentioned Embodiment is changed, changes, replacing and modification.

Claims (15)

1. a kind of control method of DC-DC converter, which is characterized in that the DC-DC converter includes H bridges, and the H bridges include First switch pipe, second switch pipe, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube, wherein, the first switch pipe and described second is opened It closes pipe and forms the first bridge arm, the third switching tube and the 4th switching tube form the second bridge arm, and the control method includes Following steps：
When the DC-DC converter is worked, the control mode during DC-DC converter last time work is obtained, and Control mode when being worked according to the DC-DC converter last time selects control mode during this task, wherein, it is described The control mode of DC-DC converter includes the control mode of phase shift modulation and the control mode of down tube modulation；
During control mode for the phase shift modulation of control mode when selecting this work, acquisition controls institute in the first way It states setting time Tx of H bridges and controls the setting time Ty of the H bridges in a second manner, and according to the setting time Tx and institute Setting time Ty is stated the H bridges are carried out alternately to control with to the first switch pipe, second switch pipe, third switching tube and the Four switching tubes carry out temperature equalization control, wherein, with the first method control the H bridges when, using first bridge arm as Leading-bridge, and using second bridge arm as lagging leg；When controlling the H bridges with the second method, by described second Bridge arm is as leading-bridge, and using first bridge arm as lagging leg；
During the control mode that the control mode when selecting this work is modulated for the down tube, obtain and institute is controlled with Third Way It states total time TC of H bridges and the total time TD of the H bridges is controlled with fourth way, and obtain the DC-DC converter using institute It states in the course of work of the control mode progress of down tube modulation and the H bridges is controlled with the Third Way in each working cycles Setting time Ti and with the fourth way control the H bridges setting time Tm and by judge the total time TC with In a manner of relationship between the total time TD controls the H bridges when the DC-DC converter is selected to start, and root Alternately control is carried out to the H bridges according to the setting time Ti and the setting time Tm, with to the first switch pipe, second Switching tube, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control, wherein, the H bridges are controlled with the Third Way When, it is switched using the first switch pipe and the third switching tube as upper tube and by the second switch pipe and the described 4th Pipe controls the first switch pipe to the 4th switching tube as down tube, and using the control mode of down tube modulation； When controlling the H bridges with the fourth way, using the first switch pipe and the third switching tube as down tube and by institute Second switch pipe and the 4th switching tube are stated as upper tube, and the control mode modulated using down tube is to the first switch pipe It is controlled to the 4th switching tube.
2. the control method of DC-DC converter as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that according to it is described setting time Tx and The setting time Ty carries out the H bridges alternately control, specifically includes：
When the time of the H bridges being controlled to reach Tx using the first method, the H bridges are carried out using the second method Control, until reaching Ty using the time of the second method control H bridges；Or
When the time of the H bridges being controlled to reach Ty using the second method, the H bridges are carried out using the first method Control, until reaching Tx using the time of the first method control H bridges.
3. the control method of DC-DC converter as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that wherein,
When controlling the H bridges with the first method, control signal to the first switch pipe and output are exported to described the The control signal of two switching tubes is complementary and exports to the control signal of the third switching tube and output to the described 4th switch The control signal of pipe is complementary, and the first switch pipe previous phase angle super than the 4th switching tube is opened and described Second switch pipe previous phase angle super than the third switching tube is open-minded；
When controlling the H bridges with the second method, control signal to the first switch pipe and output are exported to described the The control signal of two switching tubes is complementary and exports to the control signal of the third switching tube and output to the described 4th switch The control signal of pipe is complementary, and the 4th switching tube previous phase angle super than the first switch pipe is opened and described Third switching tube previous phase angle super than the second switch pipe is open-minded.
4. the control method of DC-DC converter as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that according to the total time TC and institute When stating the mode controlled when relationship between total time TD selects the DC-DC converter to start to the H bridges, wherein,
When the total time TC is more than the total time TD, the fourth way is selected when the DC-DC converter starts The H bridges are controlled, until the total time TC is equal to the total time TD；
When the total time TC is less than the total time TD, the Third Way is selected when the DC-DC converter starts The H bridges are controlled, until the total time TC is equal to the total time TD；
When the total time TC is equal to the total time TD, the Third Way is selected when the DC-DC converter starts Or the fourth way with according to Ti and Tm to the H bridges carry out alternately control.
5. the control method of DC-DC converter as described in claim 1 or 4, which is characterized in that wherein,
When controlling the H bridges with the Third Way, control signal to the first switch pipe and output are exported to described the The control signal of three switching tubes is complementary and is fixed duty cycle, and to output to the second switch pipe and the 4th switching tube Control signal failing edge carry out PWM controls；
When controlling the H bridges with the fourth way, control signal to the second switch pipe and output are exported to described the The control signal of four switching tubes is complementary and is fixed duty cycle, and to output to the first switch pipe and the third switching tube Control signal failing edge carry out PWM controls.
6. the control method of DC-DC converter as described in claim 1 or 4, which is characterized in that it is described according to the setting when Between Ti and it is described setting time Tm to the H bridges carry out alternately control, including：
When the time of the H bridges being controlled to reach Ti using the Third Way, the H bridges are carried out using the fourth way Control, until reaching Tm using the time of the fourth way control H bridges；Or
When the time of the H bridges being controlled to reach Tm using the fourth way, the H bridges are carried out using the Third Way Control, until reaching Ti using the time of the Third Way control H bridges.
7. the control method of the DC-DC converter as described in any one of claim 1-6, which is characterized in that with described first When setting time Tx that mode controls the H bridges is equal to the setting controlled the H bridges with the second method Between Ty, the setting time Ti controlled with the Third Way to the H bridges be equal to the fourth way to the H bridges into The setting time Tm of row control.
8. a kind of DC-DC converter, which is characterized in that including：
H bridges, the H bridges include first switch pipe, second switch pipe, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube, wherein, described first Switching tube and the second switch pipe form the first bridge arm, and the third switching tube and the 4th switching tube form the second bridge Arm；
Control module, the control module are used to obtain the DC-DC converter when the DC-DC converter is worked Control mode during one action, and control mode when being worked according to the DC-DC converter last time selects this task When control mode, the control mode of the DC-DC converter includes the control mode of phase shift modulation and the control of down tube modulation Mode, wherein,
During control mode for the phase shift modulation of control mode when selecting this work, the control module is obtained with the One mode controls setting time Tx of the H bridges and controls the setting time Ty of the H bridges in a second manner, and set according to described The time Tx and setting time Ty is put the H bridges are carried out alternately to control with to the first switch pipe, second switch pipe, the Three switching tubes and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control, wherein, when controlling the H bridges with the first method, by described in First bridge arm is as leading-bridge, and using second bridge arm as lagging leg；The H bridges are controlled with the second method When, using second bridge arm as leading-bridge, and using first bridge arm as lagging leg；
During the control mode that the control mode when selecting this work is modulated for the down tube, the control module is obtained with the Three modes are controlled total time TC of the H bridges and the total time TD of the H bridges are controlled with fourth way, and obtain the DC-DC Converter uses each working cycles in the course of work that the control mode of the down tube modulation carries out interior with the Third Way It controls the setting time Ti of the H bridges and the setting time Tm of the H bridges is controlled and by judging with the fourth way The relationship between total time TC and the total time TD is stated to be controlled when the DC-DC converter being selected to start to the H bridges The mode of system, and alternately control carries out the H bridges according to the setting time Ti and the setting time Tm, with to described the One switching tube, second switch pipe, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control, wherein, with the third party When formula controls the H bridges, using the first switch pipe and the third switching tube as upper tube and by the second switch pipe With the 4th switching tube as down tube, and the first switch pipe to the described 4th is opened using the control mode of down tube modulation Pipe is closed to be controlled；When controlling the H bridges with the fourth way, using the first switch pipe and the third switching tube as Down tube and using the second switch pipe and the 4th switching tube as upper tube, and using down tube modulation control mode to institute First switch pipe to the 4th switching tube is stated to be controlled.
9. DC-DC converter as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that the control module is according to the setting time Tx When to the H bridges alternately control with the setting time Ty, wherein,
When the time of the H bridges being controlled to reach Tx using the first method, the control module uses the second method The H bridges are controlled, until the time for controlling the H bridges using the second method reaches Ty；Or
When the time of the H bridges being controlled to reach Ty using the second method, the control module uses the first method The H bridges are controlled, until the time for controlling the H bridges using the first method reaches Tx.
10. DC-DC converter as claimed in claim 8 or 9, which is characterized in that wherein,
When controlling the H bridges with the first method, the control module export control signal to the first switch pipe with The control signal of output to the second switch pipe is complementary and exports to the control signal of the third switching tube with exporting extremely The control signal of 4th switching tube is complementary, and the first switch pipe previous phase angle super than the 4th switching tube is opened Logical and described second switch pipe previous phase angle super than the third switching tube is open-minded；
When controlling the H bridges with the second method, the control module export control signal to the first switch pipe with The control signal of output to the second switch pipe is complementary and exports to the control signal of the third switching tube with exporting extremely The control signal of 4th switching tube is complementary, and the 4th switching tube previous phase angle super than the first switch pipe is opened Logical and described third switching tube previous phase angle super than the second switch pipe is open-minded.
11. DC-DC converter as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that the control module according to the total time TC with During the mode controlled when relationship between the total time TD selects the DC-DC converter to start to the H bridges, In,
When the total time TC is more than the total time TD, the control module is selected when the DC-DC converter starts The fourth way controls the H bridges, until the total time TC is equal to the total time TD；
When the total time TC is less than the total time TD, the control module is selected when the DC-DC converter starts The Third Way controls the H bridges, until the total time TC is equal to the total time TD；
When the total time TC is equal to the total time TD, the control module is selected when the DC-DC converter starts The Third Way or the fourth way according to Ti and Tm to carry out the H bridges alternately control.
12. the DC-DC converter as described in claim 8 or 11, which is characterized in that wherein,
When controlling the H bridges with the Third Way, the control module export control signal to the first switch pipe with The control signal of output to the third switching tube is complementary and is fixed duty cycle, and to output to the second switch pipe and institute The failing edge for stating the control signal of the 4th switching tube carries out PWM controls；
When controlling the H bridges with the fourth way, the control module export control signal to the second switch pipe with The control signal of output to the 4th switching tube is complementary and is fixed duty cycle, and to output to the first switch pipe and institute The failing edge for stating the control signal of third switching tube carries out PWM controls.
13. the DC-DC converter as described in claim 8 or 11, which is characterized in that when the control module is according to the setting Between Ti and it is described setting time Tm to the H bridges carry out alternately control when, wherein,
When the time of the H bridges being controlled to reach Ti using the Third Way, the control module uses the fourth way The H bridges are controlled, until the time for controlling the H bridges using the fourth way reaches Tm；Or
When the time of the H bridges being controlled to reach Tm using the fourth way, the control module uses the Third Way The H bridges are controlled, until the time for controlling the H bridges using the Third Way reaches Ti.
14. the DC-DC converter as described in any one of claim 8-13, which is characterized in that with the first method to institute Stating setting time Tx that H bridges are controlled is equal to the setting time Ty controlled with the second method the H bridges, with institute Stating setting time Ti that Third Way controls the H bridges is equal to the H bridges are controlled with the fourth way Time Tm is set.
15. a kind of electric vehicle, which is characterized in that including the DC-DC converter as described in any one of claim 8-14.
CN201611102277.0A 2016-12-02 2016-12-02 Electric vehicle, DC-DC converter thereof and control method of DC-DC converter Active CN108155797B (en)

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