CN108152064A - A kind of vibrating screen fault signature extracting method and failure monitoring system - Google Patents
A kind of vibrating screen fault signature extracting method and failure monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108152064A CN108152064A CN201711436233.6A CN201711436233A CN108152064A CN 108152064 A CN108152064 A CN 108152064A CN 201711436233 A CN201711436233 A CN 201711436233A CN 108152064 A CN108152064 A CN 108152064A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000513 principal component analysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000012706 support-vector machine Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002592 echocardiography Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000697 sensory organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of vibrating screen fault signature extracting method and failure monitoring system, include the following steps：1) acceleration signal of vibrating screen fault signature is acquired；2) the skewness factor of acceleration signal, kurtosis factor, nargin, peak value are chosen to extract temporal signatures amount and carry out three layers of wavelet decomposition to acceleration signal by wavelet transform to extract frequency domain character amount；3) analysis and calculation model diagnosis is carried out to the temporal signatures amount and frequency domain character amount of extraction using the fault diagnosis model based on principal component analysis and support vector machines.The present invention has the function of to monitor automatically, facilitates producer's operation and maintenance, can effectively reduce production cost, improves generation efficiency, and good economic benefit and social benefit are obtained for enterprise.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to engineering machinery field, particularly a kind of vibrating screen fault signature extracting method and failure monitoring system
System.
Background technology
Vibrating screen is that a kind of screening plant for moving back and forth and working is generated using the exciting force of vibrator.In recent years,
Essential important equipment in stone mining development is increasingly becomed, the development even for social economy's industry all generates extremely
Close important role.However, the parts of its primary structure subject alternating load for a long time in the course of work, device structure
Damage is inevitable.In addition vibrating screen working environment is severe, is positioned in open air often, is not easy to overhaul, once vibrating screen
Occur failure during work, huge economic loss will necessarily be caused to enterprise.Under normal conditions, enterprise is sifted out in vibration
After existing failure, just take up to overhaul equipment, it, can be with as the obvious failure such as screens break, spring failure
Related spare and accessory parts are replaced to repair, and the failures such as more serious failure such as sieve sideway is serious, discharge port fracture, it is difficult to it excludes,
The reason of being not easy to find failure.Vibrating screen fault diagnosis is also merely resting on traditional artificial method for diagnosing faults,
The fault handling method of " hoping, hear, ask, cut " is usually carried out by sense organ organ using the rich experiences of worker, without one
Special the equipment or instrument is planted to be directed to the fault diagnosis that vibrating screen carries out system.
Invention content
It is a primary object of the present invention to overcome drawbacks described above of the prior art, proposition is a kind of to realize the work(monitored automatically
Can, facilitate producer's operation and maintenance, can effectively reduce production cost, improve the vibrating screen fault signature extraction side of generation efficiency
Method and failure monitoring system.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of vibrating screen fault signature extracting method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
1) acceleration signal of vibrating screen fault signature is acquired；
2) the skewness factor of acceleration signal, kurtosis factor, nargin, peak value are chosen to extract temporal signatures amount and pass through
Wavelet transform carries out three layers of wavelet decomposition to extract frequency domain character amount to acceleration signal；
3) using the fault diagnosis model based on principal component analysis and support vector machines to the temporal signatures amount and frequency of extraction
Characteristic of field amount carries out analysis and calculation model diagnosis.
Preferably, the skewness factor is the Third-order cumulants of acceleration signal；The kurtosis factor is the quadravalence of signal
Cumulant；The nargin is the abrasion condition for detecting mechanical equipment；The peak value is whether there is for detecting in signal
The statistical indicator of impact.
Preferably, it is described that three layers of wavelet decomposition are carried out to acceleration signal including db5 small echos is selected to carry out 3 layers of decomposition, it carries
D3 layers of wavelet coefficient are taken, d3 layers of wavelet coefficient are divided into 60 sections, i.e. time window is 0.5s, calculates the local energy in these sections
Measure E.
Preferably, using the d3 layer coefficients local energy E of vibrating screen spatially Z-direction as major failure identification feature,
His direction is as assist trouble identification feature.
Preferably, the fault diagnosis model based on principal component analysis and support vector machines chooses weighing factor most indirectly
The big local energy E.
A kind of vibrating screen failure monitoring system, including vibrating screen, it is characterised in that：Further include acceleration transducer, AD numbers
According to harvester, ADC analog-digital commutators, dsp processor and LCD display module；The acceleration transducer is installed on vibrating screen
On to detect acceleration signal；The AD data acquisition devices input terminal is connected to acquire acceleration signal with acceleration transducer；
The ADC analog-digital commutators are connected to convert analog signals into digital signal with the output terminal of AD data acquisition devices；The DSP
Processor is connected with the temporal signatures amount of extraction and frequency domain character amount and is utilized with ADC analog-digital commutators and LCD display module
Fault diagnosis model based on principal component analysis and support vector machines carries out analysis and calculation model diagnosis to the feature of extraction.
Preferably, the acceleration transducer is 3-axis acceleration sensor, built-in shearing piezoelectric ceramics crystal wafer.
Preferably, the AD data acquisition devices can carry out the optional formula integrated circuit piezoelectric formula of software to acceleration transducer
Signal condition, and the exciting current of 2mA is provided.
Preferably, the ADC analog-digital commutators use high speed serialization and parallel interface, possess 8/6/4 road synchronized sampling
Input, the bipolar signal input of support ± 10V or ± 5V.
Preferably, alarm module has been further included, which is connected with the dsp processor.
By the above-mentioned description of this invention it is found that compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that：
The method and system of the present invention analyzes vibrating screen malfunction test data, extraction in terms of time domain and frequency domain two respectively
Local energy value builds vibrating screen fault feature vector；Then the algorithm research based on principal component analysis and support vector machines is used
The fault recognition method of vibrating screen.It can monitor the operation conditions of vibrating screen in real time, including motional amplitude, frequency, direction of vibration
The key parameters such as angle record vibration data, draw oscillating curve, variation tendency and alarm set by user with reference to vibrational state
Mechanism quickly judges whether vibratory equipment is normal, realizes the function of monitoring automatically, facilitates producer's operation and maintenance, can be effective
Production cost is reduced, improves generation efficiency, good economic benefit and social benefit are obtained for enterprise.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram of the method for the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structure composition figure of failure monitoring system of the present invention.
Wherein：1st, vibrating screen, 2, acceleration transducer, 3, AD data acquisition devices, 4, ADC analog-digital commutators, 5, DSP
Processor, 6, LCD display module, 7, alarm module.
Specific embodiment
Below by way of specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Vibrating screen malfunction test platform is built according to vibrating screen kinetic model, tests to obtain event by different types of faults
Hinder feature raw information.It is exciting force imbalance fault, spring rate variation event respectively there are three types of common fault type includes
Barrier and spring heights change failure.
With reference to Fig. 1, a kind of vibrating screen fault signature extracting method of the invention, the present invention includes the following steps：
1) acceleration signal of vibrating screen fault signature is acquired, is analog signal, by analog-to-digital conversion into digital signal.
2) the skewness factor of acceleration signal, kurtosis factor, nargin, peak value are chosen to extract temporal signatures amount and pass through
Wavelet transform carries out three layers of wavelet decomposition to extract frequency domain character amount to acceleration signal.
The skewness factor is the Third-order cumulants of signal, for describing the asymmetry of signal；Kurtosis factor is signal
Fourth order cumulant for describing signal steep, reflects the shock characteristic in vibration signal；Nargin is used to detect mechanical equipment
Abrasion condition；Peak value is used to detect in signal with the presence or absence of the statistical indicator of impact.
Three layers of wavelet decomposition wherein are carried out to acceleration signal, db5 small echos is selected to carry out 3 layers of decomposition, extract d3 layers of small echo
D3 layers of wavelet coefficient are divided into 60 sections by coefficient, i.e. time window is 0.5s, calculates the local energy E in these sections.In space
X-direction, Y-direction d3 layer coefficients local energies E for normal 5~6 times, Z-direction is 9~11 times, and spring rate failure is then
It it is 1.5~2 times, Z-direction can then reach 2~3 times.Therefore the d3 layer coefficients local energies E of Z-direction can be used as major failure to identify
Feature, other directions can be used for assisting in identifying.
3) using the fault diagnosis model based on principal component analysis and support vector machines to the temporal signatures amount and frequency of extraction
Characteristic of field amount carries out analysis and calculation model diagnosis, can effectively identify vibrating screen failure by the Model Diagnosis rate, overcome letter
Redundancy is ceased, theoretical foundation is provided for the exploitation of vibrating screen failure monitoring system.It should be based on principal component analysis (PCA) and supporting vector
The fault diagnosis model of machine (SVM) chooses the d3 layer coefficients local energy E of the i.e. Z-direction of characteristic quantity of weighing factor maximum indirectly,
Greatly reduce characteristic quantity quantity, as a result diagnosis is 91.85%, and operation time 6.216s effectively increases fault diagnosis
Operation efficiency.Principal component analysis is the statistical properties such as the independence that data set is utilized, correlation and a kind of feature for carrying out is empty
Between convert, this convert reduces the dimension of data set in the case of lossless or little loss data set information, by higher-dimension
Feature vector is fused to low-dimensional feature vector, thus is to choose indirectly.
With reference to Fig. 2, the present invention is also proposed using a kind of vibrating screen failure monitoring system of the above method, including vibrating screen 1, is added
Velocity sensor 2, AD data acquisition devices 3, ADC analog-digital commutators 4, dsp processor 5 and LCD display module 6 etc..This shakes
Adjustable motor synchronizing probability screen can be used in dynamic sieve 1, the compass screen surface to be successively decreased from top to bottom by a box frame and three layer screen pore size
It is formed, the screening applied to sandstone aggregate.The screen box on spring is made to make periodical straight line equipped with shock electric machine on vibrating screen 1 to shake
It is dynamic.Material is rapid loose after the screen box upper feed inlet of vibrating screen 1 enters, and is evenly distributed in each layer by different grain size
On compass screen surface, the materials of various grades is divided into four roads and is discharged from compass screen surface lower end and discharge port, has that treating capacity is big and that power consumption is small is excellent
Point.
The acceleration transducer 2 is installed on vibrating screen 1 to detect acceleration signal, and three axial current signals can be selected
Output type HK9190-3, the acceleration transducer 2 need to detect accurate acceleration value, for calculating the speed of vibrating screen 1, shaking
The indexs such as width and deflection.The acceleration transducer 2 is shearing structure, built-in shearing piezoelectric ceramics crystal wafer, using bilayer
Shell structure, sturdy and durable, favorable sealing property, for the workplace of bad environments.
3 input terminal of AD data acquisition devices is connected to acquire acceleration signal with acceleration transducer 2, and NI can be selected
9234 capture cards of NI of company, possess 4 Channel Dynamic Signal acquisition modules, can carry out high-acruracy survey.It can also be to acceleration
Sensor 2 carries out optional formula integrated circuit piezoelectric formula (IEPE) signal condition of software, and provides the exciting current of 2mA.
The ADC analog-digital commutators 4 are connected to convert analog signals into number with the output terminal of AD data acquisition devices 3
The AD7606 chips of ADI companies can be selected in signal, and conversion speed is high, energy real-time detecting system, while read 12 roads letter
Number；And high speed serialization and parallel interface are used, possess 8/6/4 road synchronized sampling input, the bipolarity letter of support ± 10V or ± 5V
Number input.
The dsp processor 5 be connected with ADC analog-digital commutators 4 and LCD display module 6 with the temporal signatures amount of extraction and
Frequency domain character amount and the feature of extraction is analyzed using the fault diagnosis model based on principal component analysis and support vector machines
Computation model diagnosis.The dsp chip of TI companies may be selected in dsp processor 5 and OMAP-L138 processors, dominant frequency can reach
456MHz can handle huge database, while can take into account the real-time of device again.It uses enhanced direct memory to deposit
Controller (EDMA3) is taken, possesses 64 independent DMA channels and 16 quick DMA channels.
The information such as frequency, amplitude and deflection are shown in the LCD display module 6.Alarm module 7 is further included, the report
Alert module 7 is connected with dsp processor 5, when vibrating screen breaks down, as exciting force is uneven, spring rate changes, spring is high
During degree variation, alarm module 7 is alarmed.
The specific embodiment of the present invention is above are only, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited thereto, it is all to utilize this
Conceive the change that unsubstantiality is carried out to the present invention, the behavior for invading the scope of the present invention should all be belonged to.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of vibrating screen fault signature extracting method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
1) acceleration signal of vibrating screen fault signature is acquired；
2) the skewness factor of acceleration signal, kurtosis factor, nargin, peak value are chosen to extract temporal signatures amount and by discrete
Wavelet transformation carries out three layers of wavelet decomposition to extract frequency domain character amount to acceleration signal；
3) it is special to the temporal signatures amount and frequency domain of extraction using the fault diagnosis model based on principal component analysis and support vector machines
Sign amount carries out analysis and calculation model diagnosis.
2. a kind of vibrating screen fault signature extracting method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the skewness factor is adds
The Third-order cumulants of speed signal；The kurtosis factor is the fourth order cumulant of signal；The nargin is sets for detecting machinery
Standby abrasion condition；The peak value is for detecting in signal with the presence or absence of the statistical indicator of impact.
3. a kind of vibrating screen fault signature extracting method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described to acceleration signal
It carries out three layers of wavelet decomposition and includes the 3 layers of decomposition of progress of selection db5 small echos, d3 layers of wavelet coefficient are extracted, d3 layers of wavelet coefficient point
Into 60 sections, i.e. time window is 0.5s, calculates the local energy E in these sections.
4. a kind of vibrating screen fault signature extracting method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that：By vibrating screen spatially Z
The d3 layer coefficients local energy E in direction are as major failure identification feature, other directions are as assist trouble identification feature.
5. a kind of vibrating screen fault signature extracting method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described to be divided based on principal component
The fault diagnosis model of analysis and support vector machines chooses the local energy E of weighing factor maximum indirectly.
6. a kind of vibrating screen failure monitoring system, including vibrating screen, it is characterised in that：Further include acceleration transducer, AD data
Harvester, ADC analog-digital commutators, dsp processor and LCD display module；The acceleration transducer is installed on vibrating screen
To detect acceleration signal；The AD data acquisition devices input terminal is connected to acquire acceleration signal with acceleration transducer；It should
ADC analog-digital commutators are connected to convert analog signals into digital signal with the output terminal of AD data acquisition devices；At the DSP
Reason device is connected with the temporal signatures amount of extraction and frequency domain character amount with ADC analog-digital commutators and LCD display module and utilizes base
Analysis and calculation model diagnosis is carried out to the feature of extraction in the fault diagnosis model of principal component analysis and support vector machines.
7. a kind of vibrating screen failure monitoring system as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that：The acceleration transducer is three
Axle acceleration sensor, built-in shearing piezoelectric ceramics crystal wafer.
8. a kind of vibrating screen failure monitoring system as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that：The AD data acquisition devices energy
The optional formula integrated circuit piezoelectric formula signal condition of software is carried out, and provide the exciting current of 2mA to acceleration transducer.
9. a kind of vibrating screen failure monitoring system as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that：The ADC analog-digital commutators
Using high speed serialization and parallel interface, possess 8/6/4 road synchronized sampling input, the bipolar signal of support ± 10V or ± 5V are defeated
Enter.
10. a kind of vibrating screen failure monitoring system as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that：Alarm module has been further included, it should
Alarm module is connected with the dsp processor.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110059732A (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2019-07-26 | 东南大学 | A kind of internal combustion engine Multiple faults diagnosis approach |
| CN111256928A (en) * | 2020-02-21 | 2020-06-09 | 河南科技大学 | Method for detecting faults of vibrating screen of combine harvester |
| CN112268615A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-01-26 | 华侨大学 | Electromechanical equipment vibration signal feature extraction method |
| CN113280909A (en) * | 2021-04-08 | 2021-08-20 | 上海大学 | Coal preparation plant vibrating screen intelligent detection system and method based on vibration signal analysis |
| CN114733756A (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-07-12 | 云翔赛博(山东)数字技术有限公司 | Embedded sieve plate state monitoring device and monitoring method thereof |
| CN116089866A (en) * | 2023-02-09 | 2023-05-09 | 安徽布拉特智能科技有限公司 | Equipment fault analysis method, system, terminal and medium based on vibration signals |
| CN116679669A (en) * | 2023-06-07 | 2023-09-01 | 矿冶科技集团有限公司 | Screening system fault diagnosis method and system |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110059732A (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2019-07-26 | 东南大学 | A kind of internal combustion engine Multiple faults diagnosis approach |
| CN111256928A (en) * | 2020-02-21 | 2020-06-09 | 河南科技大学 | Method for detecting faults of vibrating screen of combine harvester |
| CN112268615A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-01-26 | 华侨大学 | Electromechanical equipment vibration signal feature extraction method |
| CN113280909A (en) * | 2021-04-08 | 2021-08-20 | 上海大学 | Coal preparation plant vibrating screen intelligent detection system and method based on vibration signal analysis |
| CN114733756A (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-07-12 | 云翔赛博(山东)数字技术有限公司 | Embedded sieve plate state monitoring device and monitoring method thereof |
| CN116089866A (en) * | 2023-02-09 | 2023-05-09 | 安徽布拉特智能科技有限公司 | Equipment fault analysis method, system, terminal and medium based on vibration signals |
| CN116089866B (en) * | 2023-02-09 | 2023-09-01 | 安徽布拉特智能科技有限公司 | Equipment fault analysis method, system, terminal and medium based on vibration signals |
| CN116679669A (en) * | 2023-06-07 | 2023-09-01 | 矿冶科技集团有限公司 | Screening system fault diagnosis method and system |
| CN116679669B (en) * | 2023-06-07 | 2024-03-26 | 矿冶科技集团有限公司 | Screening system fault diagnosis method and system |
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Application publication date: 20180612 |