CN108147816B - Graphite support system for air gun/artillery pre-heating impact experiment - Google Patents
Graphite support system for air gun/artillery pre-heating impact experiment Download PDFInfo
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- CN108147816B CN108147816B CN201711314452.7A CN201711314452A CN108147816B CN 108147816 B CN108147816 B CN 108147816B CN 201711314452 A CN201711314452 A CN 201711314452A CN 108147816 B CN108147816 B CN 108147816B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a graphite support system for a gas gun/artillery pre-heating impact experiment, which comprises: the middle part of the water cooling disc is provided with an accommodating groove; the metal base is connected in the accommodating groove of the water cooling disc; a graphite support body connected within the metal base; a plurality of grooves for fixing the preheated impact experimental sample are uniformly arranged on the graphite support body; the plurality of supporting legs for preheating the impact test sample can be arranged in the plurality of grooves to fix the preheating impact test sample. The sample is supported by the legs, and the graphite support body is far away from the induction coil, so that an electromagnetic field generated by the induction coil acts on the sample more effectively; the graphite support body is fixed on the water cooling disc through the metal base, so that heat transmitted out through the graphite support body is taken away by cooling water, and the temperature rise of the equipment behind the water cooling ring is within an acceptable range. Experiments prove that the mode can effectively support the sample with the high temperature of 2200 ℃, and the graphite support body keeps the integrity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a support system for a gas gun/artillery pre-heating shock experiment, in particular to a graphite support system for the gas gun/artillery pre-heating shock experiment.
Background
In the impact loading research for acquiring the dynamic property of a material by utilizing the shock wave generated by air gun/artillery driving, in order to acquire the dynamic response of a sample material at high temperature, the sample needs to be preheated and then subjected to impact loading. The method mainly comprises two modes of preheating the sample, one mode is resistance wire heating, and the method is suitable for the research of the pre-heating impact experiment of the sample below 1000 ℃; the other is electromagnetic induction heating, eddy current is generated inside the metal material by introducing a high-frequency changing electromagnetic field around the metal material to raise the temperature, and the heated metal material and an electromagnetic coil used for heating are in a non-contact mode, so that the heating target temperature can be raised to above 2000 ℃ or even higher.
In the preheating impact experiment carried out by using the gas gun/artillery, a high-temperature sample needs to be supported and positioned before impact loading so that the flyer can impact the high-temperature sample according to a preset posture, and meanwhile, the heating effect of the heat transfer of the high-temperature sample on other instruments and equipment in a gas gun target chamber is reduced. In the prior art, such as 'Gouzhuangwei, Jinxiagang, Zhangfu and Sunyue'; a material preheating impact compression experimental technology and the dynamic response of stainless steel at high temperature; the ceramic material is adopted to support and position the high-temperature sample, and the ceramic material with higher thermal resistance is utilized to insulate heat and preserve heat. However, since the ceramic material has high thermal resistance, the temperature is high near the sample and low far from the sample; the huge temperature gradient causes the ceramic to lose the excellent mechanical property, and the ceramic is broken under the condition that the melting point of the ceramic is not reached, so that the usable temperature range of the ceramic is greatly reduced. As shown in FIG. 8, the ceramic support was used in the state before use, and the ceramic used was Al having a purity of 99.9%2O3Ceramic, which identifies a maximum operating temperature of 1700 ℃, but which has fractured at 1600 ℃ (as shown in fig. 9).
In order to effectively support a sample at a higher temperature, a preheating impact experiment sample supporting system needs to be redesigned, the preheating impact experiment sample supporting system comprises a new material and a new structure, the effectiveness of electromagnetic induction heating is guaranteed, meanwhile, the integrity of the supporting structure is kept in the high-temperature sample supporting process, and the influence of heat transfer on other surrounding instruments and equipment is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and/or disadvantages and to provide at least the advantages described hereinafter.
To achieve these objects and other advantages and in accordance with the purpose of the invention, a graphite support system for air cannon/cannon pre-shock impact experiments is provided, comprising:
the middle of the water cooling disc is provided with an accommodating groove, and the middle of the accommodating groove is provided with a through hole I; a cooling water circulation channel is arranged in the water-cooling disc; a water inlet and a water outlet are formed in the cooling water circulation channel;
the metal base comprises an integrally formed chassis and an accommodating ring positioned on the chassis; the middle part of the chassis is provided with a through hole II; the chassis of the metal base is detachably connected in the accommodating groove of the water cooling disc;
the graphite support body is of a cylindrical barrel structure, and is detachably connected in the containing ring of the metal base; a plurality of grooves for fixing a preheated impact experiment sample are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the cylindrical barrel structure of the graphite support body; the preheating impact experiment sample comprises an integrally formed sample body and a plurality of supporting legs positioned on the sample body; the supporting legs can be arranged in the grooves to fix the pre-heated impact test sample.
Preferably, the size of the chassis of the metal base is matched with the size of the accommodating groove of the water cooling disc; the detachable connection mode of the chassis and the accommodating groove is screw connection.
Preferably, the graphite support body is detachably connected with the metal base in a manner that the graphite support body is clamped in the accommodating ring of the metal base.
Preferably, the preparation method of the graphite support comprises the following steps:
taking 50-100 parts by weight of asphalt coke powder, 30-50 parts by weight of petroleum coke powder, 10-30 parts by weight of modified graphite powder, 1-5 parts by weight of boron nitride and 3-5 parts by weight of attapulgite in a vacuum kneader, mixing the materials for 30-60 min in an open manner at the temperature of 150-160 ℃, then adding 20-30 parts by weight of asphalt slurry, vacuumizing and kneading the mixture for 60-90 min, heating the mixture to 230-250 ℃, and kneading the mixture for 1-2 h in a vacuum manner, wherein the forward rotating speed of the kneader is controlled at 100-150 r/min;
step two, adding the material obtained in the step one into a sheet rolling machine to be rolled into a material sheet; then grinding the tablets into powder; putting the powder into a graphite support body die, compacting and vacuumizing, then sending the die into an isostatic pressing machine, increasing the pressure to 160-200 MPa at the pressure increasing rate of 1-5 MPa/min, stabilizing the pressure for 30min, and then relieving the pressure to 50-80 MPa at the pressure relieving rate of 5-10 MPa/min, and stabilizing the pressure for 20 min; finally, releasing the pressure to room pressure at a pressure release rate of 1-2 MPa/min, and demolding to obtain a green body graphite support body;
step three, adding the green body graphite support body into a roasting furnace to roast at 850-1200 ℃ to obtain a roasted graphite support body;
step four, immersing the roasted graphite support body into an impregnation liquid, and carrying out vacuum pressurization, wherein the impregnation pressure is 1.2-1.5 MPa, the impregnation temperature is 100-120 ℃, the vacuum degree is-0.08 MPa, and the impregnation time is 3-5 hours; drying at 150-200 ℃ to constant weight after impregnation; obtaining an impregnated graphite support body;
step four, adding the impregnated graphite support body into a graphitization furnace for graphitization, wherein the graphitization process is as follows: under the condition of air isolation, adding purified gas, heating to 1200-1500 ℃ at the speed of 50-60 ℃/h, preserving heat for 1-3 h, and then heating to 2000-2400 ℃ at the speed of 20-30 ℃/h; and (3) preserving heat for 1-3 h, then heating to 2800-3000 ℃ at the speed of 10-20 ℃/h, preserving heat for 0.5-1 h, and cooling to obtain the graphite support body.
Preferably, the preparation method of the asphalt slurry comprises the following steps: adding 150-200 parts of petroleum ether into 100 parts of modified asphalt, then adding 5-10 parts of 1, 3-dimethyl imidazole hexafluoroantimonate, and stirring to obtain asphalt slurry; the preparation method of the modified asphalt comprises the following steps: heating 100-150 parts of asphalt to 80-100 ℃ according to parts by weight, adding the asphalt into a supercritical reaction device, adding 5-10 parts of graphene oxide and 20-30 parts of dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, sealing the supercritical reaction device, introducing carbon dioxide to 40-60 MPa, stirring for 1-2 hours at the temperature of 85-90 ℃, and removing the pressure of the carbon dioxide to obtain the modified asphalt.
Preferably, the modified asphalt further comprises the following modification processes: taking 100-120 parts of modified asphalt, heating to 120-130 ℃, adding 10-20 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 1-5 parts of octadecylamine polyoxyethylene ether, 1-3 parts of 1, 3-dimethyl imidazole hexafluoroantimonate, 1-2 parts of nano lanthanum thioglycolate, 3-5 parts of naphthenic base rubber oil and 1-3 parts of titanium acetylacetonate, and shearing at the rotating speed of 2000-4000 rpm for 30-60 minutes by a high-speed shearing instrument at 120-130 ℃ to obtain the modified asphalt.
Preferably, the impregnation liquid comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of sodium hexametaphosphate, 5-8 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 0.5-1 part of lanthanum oxide, 0.1-0.5 part of zirconium nitrate, 0.1-0.3 part of palladium nitrate, 1-5 parts of sodium tetraborate, 3-5 parts of sodium fluoride, 3-5 parts of citric acid, 1-3 parts of diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, 0.3-0.5 part of 1, 3-dimethyl imidazole nitrate, 1-3 parts of acrylamide, 0.3-0.5 part of sodium selenite and 80-100 parts of water.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects: aiming at the problems of supporting and heat insulation of a sample at a higher temperature in a gas gun/artillery loading and pre-heating impact experiment, a method of combining water cooling and graphite supporting is used for replacing ceramic supporting; in order to reduce the influence of graphite on electromagnetic induction heating, the sample is supported by a mode with legs, and the graphite support body is far away from the induction coil, so that an electromagnetic field generated by the induction coil can more effectively act on the metal sample instead of the graphite support body; the lower end of the graphite support is fixed on the water cooling disc through the metal base, so that heat transmitted out through the graphite support is taken away by cooling water, and the temperature rise of the equipment and the supporting piece behind the water cooling ring is within an acceptable range. Experiments prove that the method can be used for 2200 ℃ high-temperature samples
Molybdenum) is effectively usedThe graphite support body maintains its integrity while the temperature rise of the equipment and support behind the water-cooled ring is within an acceptable range. Meanwhile, the graphite support body prepared by the preparation method has the advantages of high temperature resistance, large volume density, high breaking strength, good oxidation resistance, uniform wall thickness, consistent quality, long high-temperature service life and the like.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an exploded structure of a sample support device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an assembled structure of the sample support apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a thermocouple attached to a sample support apparatus in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph of the temperature profile of the sample at various locations as reported by the thermocouple of example 1;
FIG. 5 is a temperature profile of a sample recorded by the infrared pyrometer of example 2;
FIG. 6 is a view of the graphite support and molybdenum sample before heating;
FIG. 7 is a view of the graphite support and molybdenum sample after heating;
FIG. 8 is a view of a prior art ceramic support prior to heating;
fig. 9 is a view showing a state in which a prior art ceramic support is heated.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention by referring to the description text.
It will be understood that terms such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.
FIGS. 1 to 3 show a graphite support system for a pre-heating impact experiment of an air cannon/cannon, which comprises:
the water cooling disc comprises a water cooling disc 1, wherein an accommodating groove 11 is formed in the middle of the water cooling disc, and a through hole I12 is formed in the middle of the accommodating groove; a cooling water circulation channel 15 is arranged in the water cooling disc 1; a water inlet 13 and a water outlet 14 are arranged on the cooling water circulation channel 15;
a metal base 2 comprising an integrally formed base plate 21 and a receiving ring 22 on the base plate; a through hole II 23 is formed in the middle of the base plate; the chassis 21 of the metal base 2 is detachably connected in the accommodating groove 11 of the water cooling disc 1;
the graphite support body 3 is of a cylindrical barrel structure, and the graphite support body 3 is detachably connected in the containing ring 22 of the metal base 2; a plurality of grooves 31 for fixing a preheating impact experiment sample are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the cylindrical barrel structure of the graphite support body 3; the pre-thermal-shock-proof experimental sample 4 comprises an integrally-formed sample body 4 and a plurality of supporting legs 41 positioned on the sample body; the plurality of support legs 41 may be placed in the plurality of grooves 31 to achieve the fixing of the pre-heated impact test specimen 4.
In this kind of technical scheme, connect the metal base on the water-cooling dish, connect the graphite support body in the holding ring of metal base, will add a plurality of supporting legs that add thermal shock experimental sample and insert and realize the fixed of adding thermal shock experimental sample 4 in a plurality of recesses 31, and install the device after the equipment is accomplished on the experimental apparatus of shooing, pass through screw connection polytetrafluoroethylene urceolus 5 simultaneously on the water-cooling dish, make graphite support body and sample set establish in the polytetrafluoroethylene urceolus, through-hole I, through-hole II, and the passageway of graphite support body forms the channel of shooing. Heating the sample through the electromagnetic induction heating mode, detecting the sample temperature through a thermocouple or an infrared pyrometer, supporting the thermocouple 6 on the polytetrafluoroethylene outer cylinder 5 through a support frame 7, and introducing cooling circulating water into the water-cooling disc. The lower end of the graphite support is fixed on the water cooling disc through the metal base, so that heat transmitted out through the graphite support is taken away by cooling water, and the temperature rise of the equipment and the supporting piece behind the water cooling ring is within an acceptable range. The sample adopts the mode of supporting with legs, and the graphite supporting body is far away from the induction coil heated by electromagnetic induction, so that the electromagnetic field generated by the induction coil can more effectively act on the metal sample rather than the graphite supporting body.
In the technical scheme, the size of the chassis of the metal base is matched with the size of the accommodating groove of the water cooling disc; the detachable connection mode of the chassis and the accommodating groove is screw connection. By adopting the mode, the metal base is convenient to disassemble and assemble.
In the above technical solution, the detachable connection mode of the graphite support body and the metal base is screw connection. By adopting the mode, the graphite support body is convenient to disassemble and assemble.
Example 1:
the preparation method of the graphite support comprises the following steps:
step one, taking 80 parts by weight of asphalt coke powder, 40 parts by weight of petroleum coke powder, 20 parts by weight of modified graphite powder, 3 parts by weight of boron nitride and 4 parts by weight of attapulgite, placing the materials into a vacuum kneader, openly mixing the materials at the temperature of 150 ℃ for 45min, then adding 25 parts by weight of asphalt slurry, vacuumizing and kneading the materials for 80min, heating the materials to the temperature of 240 ℃ and carrying out vacuum kneading for 1h, wherein the forward rotating speed of the kneader is controlled at 120 r/min;
step two, adding the material obtained in the step one into a sheet rolling machine to be rolled into a material sheet; then grinding the tablets into powder; putting the powder into a graphite support die, compacting, vacuumizing, feeding into an isostatic pressing machine, increasing the pressure to 180MPa at a pressure increasing rate of 3MPa/min, stabilizing the pressure for 30min, and then releasing the pressure to 60MPa at a pressure releasing rate of 5MPa/min, and stabilizing the pressure for 20 min; finally, releasing the pressure to room pressure at the pressure release rate of 1MPa/min, and demolding to obtain a green graphite support body;
step three, adding the green graphite support body into a roasting furnace to roast at the temperature of 1000 ℃ to obtain a roasted graphite support body;
step four, immersing the roasted graphite support body into the impregnation liquid, and carrying out vacuum pressurization, wherein the impregnation pressure is 1.5MPa, the impregnation temperature is 110 ℃, the vacuum degree is-0.08 MPa, and the impregnation time is 3 hours; drying at 180 deg.C to constant weight after soaking; obtaining an impregnated graphite support body;
step four, adding the impregnated graphite support body into a graphitization furnace for graphitization, wherein the graphitization process is as follows: under the condition of air isolation, adding purified gas, heating to 1400 ℃ at the speed of 50 ℃/h, preserving heat for 2h, and then heating to 2200 ℃ at the speed of 25 ℃/h; preserving heat for 3h, then heating to 3000 ℃ at the speed of 15 ℃/h, preserving heat for 0.5h, and cooling to obtain a graphite support body;
and (3) carrying out performance detection on the obtained graphite support: bulk density 1.852g/cm3The breaking strength is 19.85MPa, the compressive strength is 40.15MPa, and the oxidation resistance is 5 percent of the weight loss rate of 100 hours in the air at 650 ℃.
The graphite support body prepared by the embodiment is used for carrying out a gas gun/artillery preheating impact experiment, and molybdenum is selected
A sample is connected to a graphite support body, a molybdenum sample is heated in a sealed bin in an electromagnetic induction heating mode, the temperature of different positions of the sample is detected through thermocouples or infrared pyrometers, and the temperature curves of the different positions of the sample recorded by the two thermocouples are shown in figure 4; the temperatures recorded by the infrared pyrometer are shown in fig. 5, where the maximum temperature of the sample reached-2200 c, and in fig. 7 where the recovered sample and its graphite support are shown where the molybdenum sample deformed locally but the graphite support remained its intact structure.
Example 2:
the preparation method of the graphite support comprises the following steps:
step one, taking 50 parts by weight of asphalt coke powder, 30 parts by weight of petroleum coke powder, 10 parts by weight of modified graphite powder, 1 part by weight of boron nitride and 3 parts by weight of attapulgite, placing the materials into a vacuum kneader, openly mixing the materials at the temperature of 150 ℃ for 30min, then adding 20 parts by weight of asphalt slurry, vacuumizing and kneading the materials for 60min, then heating the materials to the temperature of 230 ℃ and carrying out vacuum kneading for 1h, wherein the forward rotating speed of the kneader is controlled at 100 r/min;
step two, adding the material obtained in the step one into a sheet rolling machine to be rolled into a material sheet; then grinding the tablets into powder; putting the powder into a graphite support body die, compacting and vacuumizing, then sending the powder into an isostatic pressing machine, increasing the pressure to 160MPa at the pressure increasing rate of 1MPa/min, stabilizing the pressure for 30min, and then releasing the pressure to 50MPa at the pressure releasing rate of 5MPa/min, and stabilizing the pressure for 20 min; finally, releasing the pressure to room pressure at the pressure release rate of 1MPa/min, and demolding to obtain a green graphite support body;
step three, adding the green graphite support body into a roasting furnace to roast at 850 ℃ to obtain a roasted graphite support body;
step four, immersing the roasted graphite support body into the impregnation liquid, and carrying out vacuum pressurization, wherein the impregnation pressure is 1.2MPa, the impregnation temperature is 100 ℃, the vacuum degree is-0.08 MPa, and the impregnation time is 3 hours; drying at 150 deg.C to constant weight after soaking; obtaining an impregnated graphite support body;
step four, adding the impregnated graphite support body into a graphitization furnace for graphitization, wherein the graphitization process is as follows: under the condition of air isolation, adding purified gas, heating to 1200 ℃ at the speed of 50 ℃/h, preserving heat for 1h, and then heating to 2000 ℃ at the speed of 20 ℃/h; keeping the temperature for 1h, then heating to 2800 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/h, keeping the temperature for 0.5h, and cooling to obtain the graphite support body.
And (3) carrying out performance detection on the obtained graphite support: the volume density is 1.851g/cm3The breaking strength is 19.86MPa, the compressive strength is 40.08MPa, and the oxidation resistance is 5 percent of the weight loss rate of 100 hours in the air at 650 ℃.
The graphite support body prepared by the embodiment is used for carrying out a gas gun/artillery preheating impact experiment, and molybdenum is selected
The sample is connected to the graphite support, the molybdenum sample is heated in an electromagnetic induction heating mode in the sealed bin, the temperature of the sample is detected by a thermocouple or an infrared pyrometer, the maximum temperature of the sample reaches-2200 ℃, the local deformation of the molybdenum sample is serious, and the graphite support still maintains the complete structure.
Example 3:
the preparation method of the graphite support comprises the following steps:
taking 100 parts by weight of asphalt coke powder, 50 parts by weight of petroleum coke powder, 30 parts by weight of modified graphite powder, 5 parts by weight of boron nitride and 5 parts by weight of attapulgite, placing the materials into a vacuum kneader, openly mixing the materials at the temperature of 160 ℃ for 60min, then adding 30 parts by weight of asphalt slurry, vacuumizing and kneading the materials for 90min, then heating the materials to the temperature of 250 ℃ and carrying out vacuum kneading for 2h, wherein the forward rotating speed of the kneader is controlled at 150 r/min;
step two, adding the material obtained in the step one into a sheet rolling machine to be rolled into a material sheet; then grinding the tablets into powder; putting the powder into a graphite support die, compacting and vacuumizing, then sending the powder into an isostatic pressing machine, increasing the pressure to 200MPa at the pressure increasing rate of 5MPa/min, stabilizing the pressure for 30min, and then releasing the pressure to 80MPa at the pressure releasing rate of 10MPa/min, and stabilizing the pressure for 20 min; finally, releasing the pressure to room pressure at a pressure release rate of 2MPa/min, and demolding to obtain a green graphite support body;
step three, adding the green graphite support body into a roasting furnace to roast at 1200 ℃ to obtain a roasted graphite support body;
step four, immersing the roasted graphite support body into the impregnation liquid, and carrying out vacuum pressurization, wherein the impregnation pressure is 1.5MPa, the impregnation temperature is 120 ℃, the vacuum degree is-0.08 MPa, and the impregnation time is 5 hours; drying at 200 deg.C to constant weight after soaking; obtaining an impregnated graphite support body;
step four, adding the impregnated graphite support body into a graphitization furnace for graphitization, wherein the graphitization process is as follows: under the condition of air isolation, adding purified gas, heating to 1200-1500 ℃ at the speed of 60 ℃/h, preserving heat for 3h, and then heating to 2400 ℃ at the speed of 30 ℃/h; and (3) preserving heat for 3h, then heating to 3000 ℃ at the speed of 20 ℃/h, preserving heat for 1h, and cooling to obtain the graphite support body.
And (3) carrying out performance detection on the obtained graphite support: bulk density 1.853g/cm3The breaking strength is 19.87MPa, the compressive strength is 40.12MPa, and the oxidation resistance is 5% at 650 ℃ under the condition of 100 hours weight loss in air.
The graphite support body prepared by the embodiment is used for carrying out a gas gun/artillery preheating impact experiment, and molybdenum is selected
The sample is connected to the graphite support, the molybdenum sample is heated in a sealed bin in an electromagnetic induction heating mode, and the sample is aligned by a thermocouple or an infrared pyrometerAnd (4) detecting the product temperature, wherein the highest temperature of the sample reaches-2200 ℃, the molybdenum sample is seriously deformed locally, and the graphite support still maintains the complete structure.
Example 4:
the preparation method of the asphalt slurry comprises the following steps: adding 180 parts of petroleum ether into 100 parts of modified asphalt, then adding 8 parts of 1, 3-dimethyl imidazole hexafluoroantimonate, and stirring to obtain asphalt slurry; the preparation method of the modified asphalt comprises the following steps: heating 150 parts of asphalt to 100 ℃, adding the asphalt into a supercritical reaction device, adding 10 parts of graphene oxide and 20 parts of dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, sealing the supercritical reaction device, introducing carbon dioxide to 60MPa, stirring for 1h at the temperature of 90 ℃, and removing the pressure of the carbon dioxide to obtain the modified asphalt.
The rest of the process and parameters were exactly the same as in example 1.
And (3) carrying out performance detection on the obtained graphite support: bulk density 1.885g/cm3The breaking strength is 20.12MPa, the compressive strength is 41.25MPa, and the oxidation resistance is 4% at 650 ℃ in the air after 100 hours of weight loss.
The graphite support body prepared by the embodiment is used for carrying out a gas gun/artillery preheating impact experiment, and molybdenum is selected
The sample is connected to the graphite support body, the molybdenum sample is heated in an electromagnetic induction heating mode in the sealed bin, the temperature of the sample is detected through a thermocouple or an infrared pyrometer, the highest temperature of the sample reaches-2250 ℃, the local deformation of the molybdenum sample is serious, and the graphite support body still maintains the complete structure.
Example 5:
the modified asphalt also comprises the following modification processes: taking 120 parts of modified asphalt, heating to 120 ℃, adding 20 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 3 parts of octadecylamine polyoxyethylene ether, 2 parts of 1, 3-dimethyl imidazole hexafluoroantimonate, 1 part of nano lanthanum thioglycolate, 3 parts of naphthenic rubber oil and 3 parts of acetylacetone titanium, and shearing at 120 ℃ for 60 minutes at the rotating speed of 3000rpm by a high-speed shearing instrument to obtain the modified asphalt.
The rest of the process and parameters were exactly the same as in example 4.
And (3) carrying out performance detection on the obtained graphite support: the volume density is 1.925g/cm3The breaking strength is 21.23MPa, the compressive strength is 42.45MPa, and the oxidation resistance is 3 percent of the weight loss rate of 100 hours in the air at 650 ℃.
The graphite support body prepared by the embodiment is used for carrying out a gas gun/artillery preheating impact experiment, and molybdenum is selected
The sample is connected to the graphite support, the molybdenum sample is heated in an electromagnetic induction heating mode in the sealed bin, the temperature of the sample is detected by a thermocouple or an infrared pyrometer, the maximum temperature of the sample reaches-2300 ℃, the local deformation of the molybdenum sample is serious, and the graphite support still maintains the complete structure.
Example 6:
the impregnation liquid comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of sodium hexametaphosphate, 8 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 0.5 part of lanthanum oxide, 0.3 part of zirconium nitrate, 0.2 part of palladium nitrate, 2 parts of sodium tetraborate, 3 parts of sodium fluoride, 5 parts of citric acid, 2 parts of diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, 0.4 part of 1, 3-dimethyl imidazole nitrate, 2 parts of acrylamide, 0.5 part of sodium selenite and 100 parts of water.
The rest of the process and parameters were exactly the same as in example 1.
And (3) carrying out performance detection on the obtained graphite support: bulk density 1.882g/cm3The breaking strength is 20.02MPa, the compressive strength is 41.11MPa, and the oxidation resistance is 5% at 650 ℃ in the air after 100 hours of weight loss.
The graphite support body prepared by the embodiment is used for carrying out a gas gun/artillery preheating impact experiment, and molybdenum is selected
The sample is connected to the graphite support, the molybdenum sample is heated in a sealed bin in an electromagnetic induction heating mode, and the temperature of the sample is measured by a thermocouple or an infrared pyrometerAnd (4) detecting, wherein the highest temperature of the sample reaches-2250 ℃, the molybdenum sample is seriously deformed locally, but the graphite support still maintains the integral structure.
Example 7:
the impregnation liquid comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of sodium hexametaphosphate, 8 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 0.5 part of lanthanum oxide, 0.3 part of zirconium nitrate, 0.2 part of palladium nitrate, 2 parts of sodium tetraborate, 3 parts of sodium fluoride, 5 parts of citric acid, 2 parts of diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, 0.4 part of 1, 3-dimethyl imidazole nitrate, 2 parts of acrylamide, 0.5 part of sodium selenite and 100 parts of water.
The rest of the process and parameters were exactly the same as in example 4.
And (3) carrying out performance detection on the obtained graphite support: bulk density 1.902g/cm3The breaking strength is 20.85MPa, the compressive strength is 41.87MPa, and the oxidation resistance is 4% at 650 ℃ in the air after 100 hours of weight loss.
The graphite support body prepared by the embodiment is used for carrying out a gas gun/artillery preheating impact experiment, and molybdenum is selected
The sample is connected to the graphite support, the molybdenum sample is heated in an electromagnetic induction heating mode in the sealed bin, the temperature of the sample is detected by a thermocouple or an infrared pyrometer, the maximum temperature of the sample reaches-2300 ℃, the local deformation of the molybdenum sample is serious, and the graphite support still maintains the complete structure.
Example 8:
the impregnation liquid comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of sodium hexametaphosphate, 8 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 0.5 part of lanthanum oxide, 0.3 part of zirconium nitrate, 0.2 part of palladium nitrate, 2 parts of sodium tetraborate, 3 parts of sodium fluoride, 5 parts of citric acid, 2 parts of diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, 0.4 part of 1, 3-dimethyl imidazole nitrate, 2 parts of acrylamide, 0.5 part of sodium selenite and 100 parts of water.
The rest of the process and parameters were exactly the same as in example 5.
And (3) carrying out performance detection on the obtained graphite support: volume density of 1.945g/cm3Is resistant toThe breaking strength is 21.87MPa, the compressive strength is 42.95MPa, and the oxidation resistance is 3% at 650 ℃ in the air after 100 hours.
The graphite support body prepared by the embodiment is used for carrying out a gas gun/artillery preheating impact experiment, and molybdenum is selected
The sample is connected to the graphite support body, the molybdenum sample is heated in an electromagnetic induction heating mode in the sealed bin, the temperature of the sample is detected through a thermocouple or an infrared pyrometer, the highest temperature of the sample reaches 2350 ℃, the local deformation of the molybdenum sample is serious, and the graphite support body still maintains the complete structure.
While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in various fields of endeavor to which the invention pertains, and further modifications may readily be made by those skilled in the art, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. A graphite braced system that is used for air cannon/artillery thermal shock test that preheats, its characterized in that includes:
the middle of the water cooling disc is provided with an accommodating groove, and the middle of the accommodating groove is provided with a through hole I; a cooling water circulation channel is arranged in the water-cooling disc; a water inlet and a water outlet are formed in the cooling water circulation channel;
the metal base comprises an integrally formed chassis and an accommodating ring positioned on the chassis; the middle part of the chassis is provided with a through hole II; the chassis of the metal base is detachably connected in the accommodating groove of the water cooling disc;
the graphite support body is of a cylindrical barrel structure, and is detachably connected in the containing ring of the metal base; a plurality of grooves for fixing a preheated impact experiment sample are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the cylindrical barrel structure of the graphite support body; the preheating impact experiment sample comprises an integrally formed sample body and a plurality of supporting legs positioned on the sample body; the supporting legs can be arranged in the grooves to fix the preheated impact experiment sample;
the preparation method of the graphite support comprises the following steps:
taking 50-100 parts by weight of asphalt coke powder, 30-50 parts by weight of petroleum coke powder, 10-30 parts by weight of modified graphite powder, 1-5 parts by weight of boron nitride and 3-5 parts by weight of attapulgite in a vacuum kneader, mixing the materials for 30-60 min in an open manner at the temperature of 150-160 ℃, then adding 20-30 parts by weight of asphalt slurry, vacuumizing and kneading the mixture for 60-90 min, heating the mixture to 230-250 ℃, and kneading the mixture for 1-2 h in a vacuum manner, wherein the forward rotating speed of the kneader is controlled at 100-150 r/min;
step two, adding the material obtained in the step one into a sheet rolling machine to be rolled into a material sheet; then grinding the tablets into powder; putting the powder into a graphite support body die, compacting and vacuumizing, then sending the die into an isostatic pressing machine, increasing the pressure to 160-200 MPa at the pressure increasing rate of 1-5 MPa/min, stabilizing the pressure for 30min, and then relieving the pressure to 50-80 MPa at the pressure relieving rate of 5-10 MPa/min, and stabilizing the pressure for 20 min; finally, releasing the pressure to room pressure at a pressure release rate of 1-2 MPa/min, and demolding to obtain a green body graphite support body;
step three, adding the green body graphite support body into a roasting furnace to roast at 850-1200 ℃ to obtain a roasted graphite support body;
step four, immersing the roasted graphite support body into an impregnation liquid, and carrying out vacuum pressurization, wherein the impregnation pressure is 1.2-1.5 MPa, the impregnation temperature is 100-120 ℃, the vacuum degree is-0.08 MPa, and the impregnation time is 3-5 hours; drying at 150-200 ℃ to constant weight after impregnation; obtaining an impregnated graphite support body;
step five, adding the impregnated graphite support body into a graphitization furnace for graphitization, wherein the graphitization process is as follows: under the condition of air isolation, adding purified gas, heating to 1200-1500 ℃ at the speed of 50-60 ℃/h, preserving heat for 1-3 h, and then heating to 2000-2400 ℃ at the speed of 20-30 ℃/h; and (3) preserving heat for 1-3 h, then heating to 2800-3000 ℃ at the speed of 10-20 ℃/h, preserving heat for 0.5-1 h, and cooling to obtain the graphite support body.
2. The graphite support system for the pre-heating shock test of the air cannon/artillery, according to claim 1, wherein the size of the bottom disc of the metal base is matched with the size of the accommodating groove of the water-cooling disc; the detachable connection mode of the chassis and the accommodating groove is screw connection.
3. The graphite support system for the pre-heating shock test of the air cannon/artillery, according to claim 1, wherein the graphite support body is detachably connected with the metal base in a manner that the graphite support body is clamped in the accommodating ring of the metal base.
4. The graphite support system for the air cannon/artillery pre-heating shock test as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the asphalt slurry comprises the following steps: adding 150-200 parts of petroleum ether into 100 parts of modified asphalt, then adding 5-10 parts of 1, 3-dimethyl imidazole hexafluoroantimonate, and stirring to obtain asphalt slurry; the preparation method of the modified asphalt comprises the following steps: heating 100-150 parts of asphalt to 80-100 ℃ according to parts by weight, adding the asphalt into a supercritical reaction device, adding 5-10 parts of graphene oxide and 20-30 parts of dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, sealing the supercritical reaction device, introducing carbon dioxide to 40-60 MPa, stirring for 1-2 hours at the temperature of 85-90 ℃, and removing the pressure of the carbon dioxide to obtain the modified asphalt.
5. The graphite support system for air gun/artillery pre-thermal shock experiments according to claim 4, wherein the modified asphalt further comprises the following modification processes: taking 100-120 parts of modified asphalt, heating to 120-130 ℃, adding 10-20 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 1-5 parts of octadecylamine polyoxyethylene ether, 1-3 parts of 1, 3-dimethyl imidazole hexafluoroantimonate, 1-2 parts of nano lanthanum thioglycolate, 3-5 parts of naphthenic base rubber oil and 1-3 parts of titanium acetylacetonate, and shearing at the rotating speed of 2000-4000 rpm for 30-60 minutes by a high-speed shearing instrument at 120-130 ℃ to obtain the modified asphalt.
6. The graphite support system for the air cannon/artillery pre-heating shock test as claimed in claim 1, wherein the impregnation liquid comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of sodium hexametaphosphate, 5-8 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 0.5-1 part of lanthanum oxide, 0.1-0.5 part of zirconium nitrate, 0.1-0.3 part of palladium nitrate, 1-5 parts of sodium tetraborate, 3-5 parts of sodium fluoride, 3-5 parts of citric acid, 1-3 parts of diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, 0.3-0.5 part of 1, 3-dimethyl imidazole nitrate, 1-3 parts of acrylamide, 0.3-0.5 part of sodium selenite and 80-100 parts of water.
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| CN110784947B (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-10-27 | 北京理工大学 | Heating device and heating method for heating sample before flat plate impact experiment |
| CN112850694B (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2023-02-03 | 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所 | Impact reaction preparation device and preparation method of graphene |
| CN113109185B (en) * | 2021-03-02 | 2022-10-21 | 南京航空航天大学 | High-temperature service environment simulation device for high-speed hard object impact test |
| CN113029825A (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2021-06-25 | 中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所 | Dynamic impact experiment system and method based on high-frequency induction preheating |
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