CN108145302A - A kind of SPS diffusion welding methods of WC hard alloy of the same race - Google Patents
A kind of SPS diffusion welding methods of WC hard alloy of the same race Download PDFInfo
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- CN108145302A CN108145302A CN201711399914.XA CN201711399914A CN108145302A CN 108145302 A CN108145302 A CN 108145302A CN 201711399914 A CN201711399914 A CN 201711399914A CN 108145302 A CN108145302 A CN 108145302A
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/001—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating by extrusion or drawing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/14—Preventing or minimising gas access, or using protective gases or vacuum during welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/24—Preliminary treatment
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of SPS diffusion welding methods of WC hard alloy of the same race, its intermediate sandwich material without adding special component between face of weld, directly by SPS technologies, to WC, hard alloy of the same race carries out solid-state diffusion welding, so as to obtain the connector of WC and WC hard alloy of the same race.It can obtain that intensity is high, WC hard alloy weldments of the same race of forming by the welding method of the present invention, weldment room temperature bending strength is up to 524.6MPa.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of welding method of hard alloy of the same race more particularly to a kind of welding of WC hard alloy of the same race
Method.
Background technology
Tungsten carbide (WC) alloy be hard alloy chief component and hard carbide industry in it is most commonly used hard
Matter compound.WC has following basic characteristics：High rigidity and high-wearing feature particularly still have high hardness at a higher temperature
(also referred to as red hardness is good), this is the most significant features of WC；High chemical stability and high acidproof corrosion resistance；Low-expansion coefficient.By
In These characteristics, WC hard alloy is commonly called as " industrial tooth ", is widely used as mold, cutting element, percussion tool, wear-resisting resistance to
Parts etc. are lost, important work is played in machining, geological prospecting, mining, oil drilling, mold manufacturing etc.
With.
WC hard alloy of the same race is effectively connected, is the key that expand hard alloy to apply in field of industrial production.
Discharge plasma sintering (Spark Plasma Sintering, SPS) technology is to utilize flash DC current stream
A kind of new method of rapidly solidified forming is carried out to powder through powder or mold generation Joule heat.In recent years, this method starts
It is used for welding field, can realizes same material (alloy and alloy, ceramics and ceramics), dissimilar material (alloy and ceramics)
Welding.Compared with traditional solid-state diffusion welding, the advantage of SPS solid-state diffusions welding is not only that the rate of heat addition is fast, low energy consumption,
Significantly SPS introduces electric field on the basis of the temperature field needed for conventional solid Diffusion Welding and stress field, in electricity
Electromigration effect can accelerate substance to spread under the action of.Therefore, it is expected in lower temperature and short period using SPS technologies
Realize effective connection of the hard alloy of the same race to WC.
Invention content
For the shortcoming of existing hard alloy, especially WC hard alloy interconnection technique, it is an object of the invention to
The solid-state diffusion that SPS technologies are applied to hard alloy connects, and provides a kind of rapidly and efficiently welding side of WC hard alloy of the same race
Method, and the mechanical property of welding point is improved by atom counterdiffusion in commissure.
The present invention solves technical problem, adopts the following technical scheme that：
The SPS diffusion welding methods of WC hard alloy of the same race of the present invention, feature are：It is same to WC by SPS technologies
Kind hard alloy carries out solid-state diffusion welding, so as to obtain the connector of WC and WC hard alloy of the same race.Specifically include following step
Suddenly：
Step 1,
WC alloys to be welded are taken, pre-grinding, polishing and ultrasonic cleaning are carried out to the surface to be welded of WC alloys and are dried in vacuo；
Step 2,
Graphite jig is taken, the graphite jig includes seaming chuck, push-down head and graphite former；
The WC alloy samples that two are handled well are sequentially placed into graphite former, are then compressed with seaming chuck and push-down head,
Make two surfaces to be welded are opposite to contact and positioned at the middle position of graphite former height simultaneously；
Step 3,
Graphite jig equipped with to-be-welded pieces is placed in the burner hearth of discharge plasma sintering system, is evacuated to and is not higher than
10Pa then passes to DC pulse current, is diffused welding to two WC hard alloy of the same race, welding procedure is：
Axial compressive force is 20~30MPa,
Heating rate is 20~300 DEG C/min,
It is 1500~1700 DEG C to connect temperature,
Soaking time is 10~120min,
Rate of temperature fall is：The rate of temperature fall that 1000 DEG C of section is down to from connection temperature is 2~20 DEG C/min, from 1000 DEG C
The rate of temperature fall for being down to 600 DEG C of section is 5~30 DEG C/min, and the furnace cooling of room temperature section is down to from 600 DEG C；
The connector of WC hard alloy of the same race is obtained after cooling.
Preferably, in step 1, pre-grinding is carried out to the surface to be welded of WC alloys by grinding machine, is then polished and in alcohol
It is cleaned by ultrasonic, the flatness of the surface to be welded of WC alloys handled well is made to be not more than 0.1 μm no more than 0.1mm, roughness.
Most preferably, the welding condition described in step 3 is：
Axial compressive force is 30MPa,
Heating rate is 100 DEG C/min,
It is 1700 DEG C to connect temperature,
Soaking time is 30min,
Rate of temperature fall is：The section rate of temperature fall for being down to 1000 DEG C from 1700 DEG C is 10 DEG C/min, and 600 are down to from 1000 DEG C
DEG C section rate of temperature fall for 20 DEG C/min, be down to the furnace cooling of room temperature section from 600 DEG C.
Above-mentioned most preferred welding condition be groped based on univariate Scientific experimental design and many experiments and
It obtains, on this condition, the comprehensive performance of product is optimal.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are embodied in：
1st, the present invention realizes the rapidly and efficiently connection of WC hard alloy of the same race using SPS technologies, with traditional connection work
Skill is compared, and this method connection temperature is low, soaking time is short, low energy consumption, it is low that equipment vacuum degree is required；WC hard of the same race of the present invention
Diffusion Welding between alloy promotes atoms permeating without adding intermediate layer, while by electromigration effect, is not reducing
The efficient connection of WC hard alloy of the same race is realized under the premise of strength of parent, the seam organization of high quality can be obtained, effectively avoided
The decline of welding joint mechanical property.
2nd, it can obtain that intensity is high, WC hard alloy weldments of the same race of forming by the welding method of the present invention, connector
Room temperature bending strength is up to 524.6MPa.
3rd, present invention optimizes the SPS diffusion technology for welding of WC hard alloy of the same race, when axial compressive force, the rate of heat addition, company
Jointing temp, soaking time and rate of temperature fall be respectively preferably 30MPa, 100 DEG C/min, 1700 DEG C, 30min, rate of temperature fall 10-
20 DEG C/min (1700 DEG C of section rate of temperature fall for being down to 1000 DEG C are 10 DEG C/min, and 1000 DEG C of section coolings for being down to 600 DEG C are fast
Rate is 20 DEG C/min) when, the advantage of the welding procedure can be more given full play to, it is effective while ensureing to have sufficiently thick diffusion layer
The crystal grain of base material is inhibited to grow up.
Specific embodiment
By embodiment, the invention will be further described as follows, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited only to this.
Discharge plasma sintering stove used in following embodiments is the LABOX- of Sinter Land inc companies of Japan production
350 discharge plasma sintering systems, current type be DC pulse current, pulse train 40:7；Graphite jig used
Internal diameter is Φ 10mm.
WC hard alloy used is the pure WC of sintered state in following embodiments.
Embodiment 1
The SPS Diffusion Weldings of the WC hard alloy of the same race of the present embodiment carry out as follows：
Step 1,
The surface to be welded of the WC hard alloy to be welded to two carries out pre-grinding using grinding machine successively, then polishes and in wine
It is cleaned by ultrasonic in essence, is finally dried in vacuo again；The flatness and roughness difference for first WC alloy surface to be welded that treated
Be 0.07mm and 0.06 μm, the flatness and roughness of second WC alloy surface to be welded that treated be respectively 0.09mm and
0.06μm。
Step 2,
The WC hardmetal samples that two are handled well are sequentially placed into graphite former, then with seaming chuck and push-down head pressure
Tightly, while make two surfaces to be welded are opposite to contact and positioned at the middle position of graphite former height.
Step 3,
Graphite jig equipped with to-be-welded pieces is placed in the burner hearth of discharge plasma sintering system, is evacuated to and is less than
10Pa then passes to DC pulse current, and to WC, hard alloy of the same race is diffused welding, and welding procedure is：
Axial compressive force is 20MPa,
Heating rate is 100 DEG C/min,
It is 1500 DEG C to connect temperature,
Soaking time is 30min,
Rate of temperature fall is：The rate of temperature fall in the section for being down to 1000 DEG C from 1500 DEG C is 10 DEG C/min, is down to from 1000 DEG C
The rate of temperature fall in 600 DEG C of section is 20 DEG C/min, and the furnace cooling of room temperature section is down to from 600 DEG C；
The connector of WC hard alloy of the same race is obtained after cooling.After tested, the room temperature of connector obtained by the present embodiment
Bending strength is 366.6MPa.
Embodiment 2
The SPS Diffusion Weldings of the WC hard alloy of the same race of the present embodiment carry out as follows：
Step 1,
The surface to be welded of the WC hard alloy to be welded to two carries out pre-grinding using grinding machine successively, then polishes and in wine
It is cleaned by ultrasonic in essence, is finally dried in vacuo again；The flatness and roughness difference for first WC alloy surface to be welded that treated
Be 0.05mm and 0.08 μm, the flatness and roughness of second WC alloy surface to be welded that treated be respectively 0.08mm and
0.04μm。
Step 2,
The WC hardmetal samples that two are handled well are sequentially placed into graphite former, then with seaming chuck and push-down head pressure
Tightly, while make two surfaces to be welded are opposite to contact and positioned at the middle position of graphite former height.
Step 3,
Graphite jig equipped with to-be-welded pieces is placed in the burner hearth of discharge plasma sintering system, is evacuated to and is less than
10Pa then passes to DC pulse current, and to WC, hard alloy of the same race is diffused welding, and welding procedure is：
Axial compressive force is 20MPa,
Heating rate is 100 DEG C/min,
It is 1600 DEG C to connect temperature,
Soaking time is 30min,
Rate of temperature fall is：The rate of temperature fall in the section for being down to 1000 DEG C from 1600 is 10 DEG C/min, and 600 DEG C are down to from 1000
Section rate of temperature fall for 20 DEG C/min, be down to the furnace cooling of room temperature section from 600 DEG C；
The connector of WC hard alloy of the same race is obtained after cooling.After tested, the room temperature of connector obtained by the present embodiment
Bending strength is 372.2MPa.
Embodiment 3
The SPS Diffusion Weldings of the WC hard alloy of the same race of the present embodiment carry out as follows：
Step 1,
The surface to be welded of the WC hard alloy to be welded to two carries out pre-grinding using grinding machine successively, then polishes and in wine
It is cleaned by ultrasonic in essence, is finally dried in vacuo again；The flatness and roughness difference for first WC alloy surface to be welded that treated
Be 0.06mm and 0.08 μm, the flatness and roughness of second WC alloy surface to be welded that treated be respectively 0.09mm and
0.06μm。
Step 2,
The WC hardmetal samples that two are handled well are sequentially placed into graphite former, then with seaming chuck and push-down head pressure
Tightly, while make two surfaces to be welded are opposite to contact and positioned at the middle position of graphite former height.
Step 3,
Graphite jig equipped with to-be-welded pieces is placed in the burner hearth of discharge plasma sintering system, is evacuated to and is less than
10Pa then passes to DC pulse current, and to WC, hard alloy of the same race is diffused welding, and welding procedure is：
Axial compressive force is 20MPa,
Heating rate is 100 DEG C/min,
It is 1700 DEG C to connect temperature,
Soaking time is 30min,
Rate of temperature fall is：The rate of temperature fall in the section for being down to 1000 DEG C from 1700 is 10 DEG C/min, and 600 DEG C are down to from 1000
Section rate of temperature fall for 20 DEG C/min, be down to the furnace cooling of room temperature section from 600 DEG C；
The connector of WC hard alloy of the same race is obtained after cooling.After tested, the room temperature of connector obtained by the present embodiment
Bending strength is 463.7MPa.
Embodiment 4
The SPS Diffusion Weldings of the WC hard alloy of the same race of the present embodiment carry out as follows：
Step 1,
The surface to be welded of the WC hard alloy to be welded to two carries out pre-grinding using grinding machine successively, then polishes and in wine
It is cleaned by ultrasonic in essence, is finally dried in vacuo again；The flatness and roughness difference for first WC alloy surface to be welded that treated
Be 0.05mm and 0.08 μm, the flatness and roughness of second WC alloy surface to be welded that treated be respectively 0.07mm and
0.07μm。
Step 2,
The WC hardmetal samples that two are handled well are sequentially placed into graphite former, then with seaming chuck and push-down head pressure
Tightly, while make two surfaces to be welded are opposite to contact and positioned at the middle position of graphite former height.
Step 3,
Graphite jig equipped with to-be-welded pieces is placed in the burner hearth of discharge plasma sintering system, is evacuated to and is less than
10Pa then passes to DC pulse current, and to WC, hard alloy of the same race is diffused welding, and welding procedure is：
Axial compressive force is 30MPa,
Heating rate is 100 DEG C/min,
It is 1500 DEG C to connect temperature,
Soaking time is 30min,
Rate of temperature fall is：The rate of temperature fall in the section for being down to 1000 DEG C from 1500 is 10 DEG C/min, and 600 DEG C are down to from 1000
Section rate of temperature fall for 20 DEG C/min, be down to the furnace cooling of room temperature section from 600 DEG C；
The connector of WC hard alloy of the same race is obtained after cooling.After tested, the room temperature of connector obtained by the present embodiment
Bending strength is 430.7MPa.
Embodiment 5
The SPS Diffusion Weldings of the WC hard alloy of the same race of the present embodiment carry out as follows：
Step 1,
The surface to be welded of the WC hard alloy to be welded to two carries out pre-grinding using grinding machine successively, then polishes and in wine
It is cleaned by ultrasonic in essence, is finally dried in vacuo again；The flatness and roughness for first WC surface to be welded that treated be respectively
0.06mm and 0.07 μm, the flatness and roughness of second WC surface to be welded that treated are respectively 0.08mm and 0.05 μm.
Step 2,
The WC hardmetal samples that two are handled well are sequentially placed into graphite former, then with seaming chuck and push-down head pressure
Tightly, while make two surfaces to be welded are opposite to contact and positioned at the middle position of graphite former height.
Step 3,
Graphite jig equipped with to-be-welded pieces is placed in the burner hearth of discharge plasma sintering system, is evacuated to and is less than
10Pa then passes to DC pulse current, and to WC, hard alloy of the same race is diffused welding, and welding procedure is：
Axial compressive force is 30MPa,
Heating rate is 100 DEG C/min,
It is 1600 DEG C to connect temperature,
Soaking time is 30min,
Rate of temperature fall is：The rate of temperature fall in the section for being down to 1000 DEG C from 1600 is 10 DEG C/min, and 600 DEG C are down to from 1000
Section rate of temperature fall for 20 DEG C/min, be down to the furnace cooling of room temperature section from 600 DEG C；
The connector of WC hard alloy of the same race is obtained after cooling.After tested, the room temperature of connector obtained by the present embodiment
Bending strength is 488.1MPa.
Embodiment 6
The SPS Diffusion Weldings of the WC hard alloy of the same race of the present embodiment carry out as follows：
Step 1,
The surface to be welded of the WC hard alloy to be welded to two carries out pre-grinding using grinding machine successively, then polishes and in wine
It is cleaned by ultrasonic in essence, is finally dried in vacuo again；The flatness and roughness difference for first WC alloy surface to be welded that treated
Be 0.09mm and 0.07 μm, the flatness and roughness of second WC alloy surface to be welded that treated be respectively 0.08mm and
0.05μm。
Step 2,
The WC hardmetal samples that two are handled well are sequentially placed into graphite former, then with seaming chuck and push-down head pressure
Tightly, while make two surfaces to be welded are opposite to contact and positioned at the middle position of graphite former height.
Step 3,
Graphite jig equipped with to-be-welded pieces is placed in the burner hearth of discharge plasma sintering system, is evacuated to and is less than
10Pa then passes to DC pulse current, and to WC, hard alloy of the same race is diffused welding, and welding procedure is：
Axial compressive force is 30MPa,
Heating rate is 100 DEG C/min,
It is 1700 DEG C to connect temperature,
Soaking time is 30min,
Rate of temperature fall is：The rate of temperature fall in the section for being down to 1000 DEG C from 1700 is 10 DEG C/min, and 600 DEG C are down to from 1000
Section rate of temperature fall for 20 DEG C/min, be down to the furnace cooling of room temperature section from 600 DEG C；
The connector of WC hard alloy of the same race is obtained after cooling.After tested, the room temperature bending strength of connector is
524.6MPa。
It these are only exemplary embodiment of the present invention, be not intended to limit the invention, all spirit in the present invention
With all any modification, equivalent and improvement made within principle etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of SPS diffusion welding methods of WC hard alloy of the same race, it is characterised in that：It is of the same race hard to WC by SPS technologies
Matter alloy carries out solid-state diffusion welding, so as to obtain the connector of WC and WC hard alloy of the same race.
2. the SPS diffusion welding methods of WC hard alloy of the same race according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Step 1,
WC alloys to be welded are taken, pre-grinding, polishing and ultrasonic cleaning are carried out to the surface to be welded of WC alloys and are dried in vacuo；
Step 2,
Graphite jig is taken, the graphite jig includes seaming chuck, push-down head and graphite former；
The WC alloy samples that two are handled well are sequentially placed into graphite former, are then compressed with seaming chuck and push-down head, simultaneously
Make two surfaces to be welded are opposite to contact and positioned at the middle position of graphite former height；
Step 3,
Graphite jig equipped with to-be-welded pieces is placed in the burner hearth of discharge plasma sintering system, is evacuated to and is not higher than
10Pa then passes to DC pulse current, is diffused welding to two WC hard alloy of the same race, welding procedure is：
Axial compressive force is 20~30MPa,
Heating rate is 20~300 DEG C/min,
It is 1500~1700 DEG C to connect temperature,
Soaking time is 10~120min,
Rate of temperature fall is：The rate of temperature fall that 1000 DEG C of section is down to from connection temperature is 2~20 DEG C/min, is down to from 1000 DEG C
The rate of temperature fall in 600 DEG C of section is 5~30 DEG C/min, and the furnace cooling of room temperature section is down to from 600 DEG C；
The connector of WC hard alloy of the same race is obtained after cooling.
3. the SPS diffusion welding methods of WC hard alloy of the same race according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：In step 1,
Pre-grinding is carried out to the surface to be welded of WC alloys by using grinding machine, then polishes and is cleaned by ultrasonic in alcohol, make what is handled well
The flatness of the surface to be welded of WC alloys is not more than 0.1 μm no more than 0.1mm, roughness.
4. the SPS diffusion welding methods of WC hard alloy of the same race according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Institute in step 3
The welding condition stated is：
Axial compressive force is 30MPa,
Heating rate is 100 DEG C/min,
It is 1700 DEG C to connect temperature,
Soaking time is 30min,
Rate of temperature fall is：The section rate of temperature fall for being down to 1000 DEG C from 1700 DEG C is 10 DEG C/min, and 600 DEG C are down to from 1000 DEG C
Section rate of temperature fall is 20 DEG C/min, and the furnace cooling of room temperature section is down to from 600 DEG C.
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| CN114951946A (en) * | 2022-05-05 | 2022-08-30 | 湖南大学 | Method for connecting tungsten-cobalt hard alloy and 42CrMo steel by adopting high-entropy alloy |
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Application publication date: 20180612 |