CN106825885B - A kind of connection method of TZM alloy and WRe alloy under electric field-assisted - Google Patents
A kind of connection method of TZM alloy and WRe alloy under electric field-assisted Download PDFInfo
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- CN106825885B CN106825885B CN201710103822.6A CN201710103822A CN106825885B CN 106825885 B CN106825885 B CN 106825885B CN 201710103822 A CN201710103822 A CN 201710103822A CN 106825885 B CN106825885 B CN 106825885B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K10/00—Welding or cutting by means of a plasma
- B23K10/02—Plasma welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
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Abstract
The invention discloses the connection methods of TZM alloy and WRe alloy under a kind of electric field-assisted, it is under the premise of not adding intermediate layer, it carries out electric field-assisted diffusion to TZM alloy and WRe alloy using discharge plasma sintering system to connect, to obtain the connector of TZM alloy Yu WRe alloy.The TZM-WRe different alloys connector of intensity height, forming can be obtained in connection method through the invention, and connector room temperature three-point bending strength reaches as high as 935MPa.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of connection method of xenogenesis high temperature alloy more particularly to a kind of companies of TZM alloy and WRe alloy
Connect method.
Background technique
TZM alloy is high with fusing point, intensity is big, elasticity modulus is high, linear expansion coefficient is small, steam forces down, electrical and thermal conductivity
Well, the features such as corrosion stability is strong and mechanical behavior under high temperature is good, the excellent mechanical performances shown at high temperature under high pressure make it
Using more in war industry, such as distribution valve body, rocket nozzle, gas pipeline, the jet pipe throat lining in torpedo engine.W-Re
Alloy has a series of excellent performances, low such as high-melting-point, high intensity, high rigidity, high-ductility, high recrystallization temperature, high resistivity
Vapour pressure, low electron work functon and inductile brittle transition temperature etc..Particular, it is important that tungsten-rhenium alloy has excellent high temperature
Mechanical property, the superhigh temperature structural material used under the conditions of becoming 2000 DEG C.TZM alloy is effectively connect with WRe alloy,
It is the key that expand high temperature alloy to apply in aerospace field.
However, since the physics of both materials, chemical property difference are big (such as different melting points are big), so that between the two
It connects extremely difficult.It is main at present that high temperature alloy is realized using melting welding, soldering, diffusion welding and partial transient liquid
Connection.But there are many deficiencies for these methods: being difficult to that the connector of high bond strength is made；It cleannes to metalwork surface and sets
Standby vacuum level requirements are very high；Diffusion welding and partial transient liquid required temperature height, soaking time are long, cause between the two
Connection is time-consuming, consumes energy；Melting welding is easy to produce crackle；Although soldering connection temperature is lower, since the fusing point of solder is generally lower,
Therefore soldering is difficult to that the connector that can be used at high temperature is made.
Discharge plasma sintering (SPS) be flowed through using flash DC current powder or mold generate Joule heat and to powder
End carries out a kind of new method of rapidly solidified forming.This method can significantly reduce forming temperature and curring time, and generate etc. from
A series of special effects such as son activation, discharge impact pressure and electric field-assisted diffusion effect, it is considered to be preparation fine grain, nanometer crystal block
A kind of very effective cost effective method of body material.With the further investigation to SPS, it is found that it not only has in powder sintered
Conventional method the advantages of can not going beyond, and also have unique advantage in Joining Technology.SPS Joining Technology is will to need to connect
The material connect is put between two electrodes, is passed through pulsed direct current while applying pressure, so that it is connected boundary using SPS effect
Face generates the Joining Technology of atom diffusion and progress.Compared with traditional solid-state diffusion welding, the advantage of SPS solid-state diffusion welding
Not only the rate of heat addition is fast, low energy consumption；The significantly temperature field needed for conventional solid Diffusion Welding SPS and stress
Electric field is introduced on the basis of.Under the action of electric field, electromigration effect can accelerate substance to spread.Therefore, using SPS technology
It is expected in lower temperature and realizes effective connection to TZM alloy and WRe alloy in the short period.
Summary of the invention
For the shortcoming of existing high temperature alloy, especially TZM alloy and WRe alloy interconnection technique, mesh of the invention
Be discharge plasma sintering technique is used for the solid-state diffusion connection of high temperature alloy, the TZM under a kind of electric field-assisted is provided
The connection method of alloy and WRe alloy promotes atom diffusion, and then improves the mechanics of welding point while reducing connection temperature
Performance.
The present invention solves technical problem, adopts the following technical scheme that
A kind of connection method of TZM alloy and WRe alloy under electric field-assisted, it is characterized in that: do not adding intermediate mistake
Under the premise of crossing layer, electric field-assisted diffusion is carried out to TZM alloy and WRe alloy using discharge plasma sintering system and is connected, from
And obtain the connector of TZM alloy Yu WRe alloy；Specifically comprise the following steps:
Step 1,
TZM alloy and WRe alloy to be connected are taken, TZM alloy and WRe alloy is carried out by pre-grinding to connection surface, are thrown
Light and ultrasonic cleaning are simultaneously dried in vacuo；
Step 2,
Graphite jig is taken, the graphite jig includes seaming chuck, push-down head and graphite former；
The WRe alloy handled well and TZM alloy are sequentially placed into from bottom to top in graphite former, then with seaming chuck under
Pressure head compresses, while making the middle position for being located at graphite former height to connection surface；
Step 3,
Will equipped with being placed in the burner hearth of discharge plasma sintering system to the graphite jig of connector, be evacuated to 8Pa with
Under, DC pulse current is then passed to, connection, Joining Technology condition are diffused to TZM alloy and WRe alloy are as follows:
Axial compressive force is 10~40MPa；
Heating rate is 20~300 DEG C/min；
Connecting temperature is 1400~1700 DEG C；
Soaking time is 10~180min；
Rate of temperature fall is 2~40 DEG C/min；
The connector of TZM alloy and WRe alloy is obtained after cooling.
When the connection temperature is 1400~1700 DEG C, the corresponding DC pulse current density applied is 850~
1600A/cm2。
The connection temperature is preferably 1450~1600 DEG C；Soaking time is preferably 30~90min.The rate of temperature fall from
It is preferably 2~15 DEG C/min in 1000 DEG C of section that target temperature, which is down to, is preferably 10~40 in 600~1000 DEG C of sections
DEG C/min, 600 DEG C or less furnace coolings.
In step 1, by successively using #400, #800, #1000, #1200, #1500, #2000 abrasive paper for metallograph right respectively
TZM alloy carries out pre-grinding to connection surface with WRe alloy, then polishes and is simultaneously cleaned by ultrasonic in alcohol；The TZM handled well is closed
The flatness to connection surface of gold and WRe alloy is not more than 0.1mm, and roughness is not more than 0.1 μm.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are embodied in:
1, the present invention realizes the fast and effective connection of TZM alloy Yu WRe alloy using discharge plasma sintering technique, with
Traditional Joining Technology is compared, and this method connection temperature is low, soaking time is short, low energy consumption, it is low to require equipment vacuum degree, and
In the case where not adding any activation intermediate layer, atom diffusion is promoted by the electromigration effect under electric field-assisted, is realized
The efficient connection of TZM and WRe different alloys；Using the close mother of the intensity of TZM alloy made from this method and WRe alloy connector
The 90% of material intensity, and significantly improve the high-temperature behavior and service life of welding point.
2, present invention optimizes the SPS Joining Technologies of TZM alloy and WRe alloy, when axial compressive force, heating rate, connection
Temperature, soaking time and rate of temperature fall are respectively preferably 20MPa, 100 DEG C/min, 1500 DEG C, 30min and 10~20 DEG C/min
It, more can be abundant when (rate of temperature fall is 10 DEG C/min in 1000~1500 DEG C of sections, is 20 DEG C/min in 600~1000 DEG C of sections)
The advantage for playing the Joining Technology effectively inhibits base material in the crystalline substance of recrystallization process while guaranteeing has sufficiently thick diffusion layer
Grain length is big.
Specific embodiment
By following examples, the invention will be further described, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited only to this.
TZM alloy and WRe alloy used are processing state in the following embodiments；TZM alloying component be 0.4~
The C of the Ti of 0.6wt.%, the Zr of 0.07~0.12wt.% and 0.01~0.04wt.%, remaining is Mo (disregarding impurity content),
Average grain size is 100 μm；WRe alloying component is the Re of 24~26wt.%, remaining is W (disregarding impurity content), average crystalline substance
Particle size is 10 μm.
Discharge plasma sintering furnace used be Sinter Land inc company, Japan production LABOX-350 discharge etc. from
Sub- sintering system, current type are DC pulse current, pulse train 40:7；
The internal diameter of graphite jig used is Φ 11mm.
Embodiment 1
The SPS of the present embodiment TZM alloy and WRe alloy diffusion connection carries out as follows:
Step 1,
#400, #800, #1000, #1200, #1500, # are successively used to connection surface to TZM alloy and WRe alloy
2000 abrasive paper for metallograph carry out pre-grinding, then polish and are cleaned by ultrasonic in alcohol；Treated, and TZM alloy waits for the flat of connection surface
Face degree and roughness are respectively 0.09mm and 0.05 μm, and treated, and WRe alloy waits for that the flatness of connection surface and roughness are divided
It Wei not be 0.1mm and 0.08 μm.
Step 2,
The WRe alloy handled well and TZM alloy are sequentially placed into from bottom to top in graphite former, then with seaming chuck under
Pressure head compresses, while making the middle position for being located at graphite former height to connection surface；
Step 3,
Will equipped with being placed in the burner hearth of discharge plasma sintering system to the graphite jig of connector, be evacuated to 8Pa with
Under, DC pulse current is then passed to, connection, Joining Technology condition are diffused to TZM alloy and WRe alloy are as follows:
Axial compressive force is 10MPa；
Heating rate is 300 DEG C/min；
Connecting temperature is 1700 DEG C；
Soaking time is 10min；
Rate of temperature fall 1000~1700 DEG C of sections be 15 DEG C/min, 600~1000 DEG C of sections be 40 DEG C/min, 600
DEG C or less furnace cooling.
TZM-WRe alloy connector is obtained after cooling, the room temperature three-point bending strength of connector is 582MPa.
Embodiment 2
The SPS of the present embodiment TZM alloy and WRe alloy diffusion connection carries out as follows:
Step 1,
#400, #800, #1000, #1200, #1500, # are successively used to connection surface to TZM alloy and WRe alloy
2000 abrasive paper for metallograph carry out pre-grinding, then polish and are cleaned by ultrasonic in alcohol；Treated, and TZM alloy waits for the flat of connection surface
Face degree and roughness are respectively 0.08mm and 0.06 μm, and treated, and WRe alloy waits for that the flatness of connection surface and roughness are divided
It Wei not be 0.09mm and 0.1 μm.
Step 2,
The WRe alloy handled well and TZM alloy are sequentially placed into from bottom to top in graphite former, then with seaming chuck under
Pressure head compresses, while making the middle position for being located at graphite former height to connection surface；
Step 3,
Will equipped with being placed in the burner hearth of discharge plasma sintering system to the graphite jig of connector, be evacuated to 8Pa with
Under, DC pulse current is then passed to, connection, Joining Technology condition are diffused to TZM alloy and WRe alloy are as follows:
Axial compressive force is 20MPa；
Heating rate is 200 DEG C/min；
Connecting temperature is 1600 DEG C；
Soaking time is 30min；
Rate of temperature fall 1000~1600 DEG C of sections be 12 DEG C/min, 600~1000 DEG C of sections be 30 DEG C/min, 600
DEG C or less furnace cooling.
TZM-WRe alloy connector is obtained after cooling, the room temperature three-point bending strength of connector is 750MPa.
Embodiment 3
The SPS of the present embodiment TZM alloy and WRe alloy diffusion connection carries out as follows:
Step 1,
#400, #800, #1000, #1200, #1500, # are successively used to connection surface to TZM alloy and WRe alloy
2000 abrasive paper for metallograph carry out pre-grinding, then polish and are cleaned by ultrasonic in alcohol；Treated, and TZM alloy waits for the flat of connection surface
Face degree and roughness are respectively 0.06mm and 0.07 μm, and treated, and WRe alloy waits for that the flatness of connection surface and roughness are divided
It Wei not be 0.09mm and 0.05 μm.
The WRe alloy handled well and TZM alloy are sequentially placed into from bottom to top in graphite former, then with seaming chuck under
Pressure head compresses, while making the middle position for being located at graphite former height to connection surface；
Step 3,
Will equipped with being placed in the burner hearth of discharge plasma sintering system to the graphite jig of connector, be evacuated to 8Pa with
Under, DC pulse current is then passed to, connection, Joining Technology condition are diffused to TZM alloy and WRe alloy are as follows:
Axial compressive force is 20MPa；
Heating rate is 100 DEG C/min；
Connecting temperature is 1500 DEG C；
Soaking time is 30min；
Rate of temperature fall 1000~1500 DEG C of sections be 10 DEG C/min, 600~1000 DEG C of sections be 20 DEG C/min, 600
DEG C or less furnace cooling.
TZM-WRe alloy connector is obtained after cooling, the room temperature three-point bending of connector is 935MPa.
Embodiment 4
The SPS of the present embodiment TZM alloy and WRe alloy diffusion connection carries out as follows:
Step 1,
#400, #800, #1000, #1200, #1500, # are successively used to connection surface to TZM alloy and WRe alloy
2000 abrasive paper for metallograph carry out pre-grinding, then polish and are cleaned by ultrasonic in alcohol；Treated, and TZM alloy waits for the flat of connection surface
Face degree and roughness are respectively 0.07mm and 0.06 μm, and treated, and WRe alloy waits for that the flatness of connection surface and roughness are divided
It Wei not be 0.05mm and 0.08 μm.
Step 2,
The WRe alloy handled well and TZM alloy are sequentially placed into from bottom to top in graphite former, then with seaming chuck under
Pressure head compresses, while making the middle position for being located at graphite former height to connection surface；
Step 3,
Will equipped with being placed in the burner hearth of discharge plasma sintering system to the graphite jig of connector, be evacuated to 8Pa with
Under, DC pulse current is then passed to, connection, Joining Technology condition are diffused to TZM alloy and WRe alloy are as follows:
Axial compressive force is 30MPa；
Heating rate is 80 DEG C/min；
Connecting temperature is 1500 DEG C；
Soaking time is 120min；
Rate of temperature fall 1000~1500 DEG C of sections be 8 DEG C/min, 600~1000 DEG C of sections be 16 DEG C/min, 600 DEG C
Following furnace cooling.
TZM-WRe alloy connector is obtained after cooling, the three-point bending strength of connector is 870MPa.
Embodiment 5
The SPS of the present embodiment TZM alloy and WRe alloy diffusion connection carries out as follows:
Step 1,
#400, #800, #1000, #1200, #1500, # are successively used to connection surface to TZM alloy and WRe alloy
2000 abrasive paper for metallograph carry out pre-grinding, then polish and are cleaned by ultrasonic in alcohol；Treated, and TZM alloy waits for the flat of connection surface
Face degree and roughness are respectively 0.07mm and 0.07 μm, and treated, and WRe alloy waits for that the flatness of connection surface and roughness are divided
It Wei not be 0.06mm and 0.1 μm.
Step 2,
The WRe alloy handled well and TZM alloy are sequentially placed into from bottom to top in graphite former, then with seaming chuck under
Pressure head compresses, while making the middle position for being located at graphite former height to connection surface；
Step 3,
Will equipped with being placed in the burner hearth of discharge plasma sintering system to the graphite jig of connector, be evacuated to 8Pa with
Under, DC pulse current is then passed to, connection, Joining Technology condition are diffused to TZM alloy and WRe alloy are as follows:
Axial compressive force is 30MPa；
Heating rate is 50 DEG C/min；
Connecting temperature is 1600 DEG C；
Soaking time is 90min；
Rate of temperature fall 1000~1600 DEG C of sections be 2 DEG C/min, 600~1000 DEG C of sections be 10 DEG C/min, 600 DEG C
Following furnace cooling.
TZM-WRe alloy connector is obtained after cooling, the room temperature three-point bending strength of connector is 693MPa.
Embodiment 6
The SPS of the present embodiment TZM alloy and WRe alloy diffusion connection carries out as follows:
Step 1,
#400, #800, #1000, #1200, #1500, # are successively used to connection surface to TZM alloy and WRe alloy
2000 abrasive paper for metallograph carry out pre-grinding, then polish and are cleaned by ultrasonic in alcohol；Treated, and TZM alloy waits for the flat of connection surface
Face degree and roughness are respectively 0.09mm and 0.08 μm, and treated, and WRe alloy waits for that the flatness of connection surface and roughness are divided
It Wei not be 0.05mm and 0.07 μm.
Step 2,
The WRe alloy handled well and TZM alloy are sequentially placed into from bottom to top in graphite former, then with seaming chuck under
Pressure head compresses, while making the middle position for being located at graphite former height to connection surface；
Step 3,
Will equipped with being placed in the burner hearth of discharge plasma sintering system to the graphite jig of connector, be evacuated to 8Pa with
Under, DC pulse current is then passed to, connection, Joining Technology condition are diffused to TZM alloy and WRe alloy are as follows:
Axial compressive force is 40MPa；
Heating rate is 20 DEG C/min；
Connecting temperature is 1400 DEG C；
Soaking time is 180min；
Rate of temperature fall 1000~1400 DEG C of sections be 5 DEG C/min, 600~1000 DEG C of sections be 14 DEG C/min, 600 DEG C
Following furnace cooling.
TZM-WRe alloy connector is obtained after cooling, the room temperature three-point bending strength of connector is 805MPa.
Claims (6)
1. the connection method of TZM alloy and WRe alloy under a kind of electric field-assisted, it is characterised in that: do not adding middle transition
Under the premise of layer, electric field-assisted diffusion is carried out to TZM alloy and WRe alloy using discharge plasma sintering system and is connected, thus
The connector for obtaining TZM alloy and WRe alloy, specifically comprises the following steps:
Step 1,
Take TZM alloy and WRe alloy to be connected, to TZM alloy and WRe alloy to connection surface carry out pre-grinding, polishing and
It is cleaned by ultrasonic and is dried in vacuo；
Step 2,
Graphite jig is taken, the graphite jig includes seaming chuck, push-down head and graphite former；
The WRe alloy handled well and TZM alloy are sequentially placed into from bottom to top in graphite former, seaming chuck and push-down head are then used
It compresses, while making the middle position for being located at graphite former height to connection surface；
Step 3,
It will be placed in the burner hearth of discharge plasma sintering system equipped with the graphite jig to connector, be evacuated to 8Pa hereinafter, so
After be passed through DC pulse current, connection, Joining Technology condition are diffused to TZM alloy and WRe alloy are as follows:
Axial compressive force is 10~40MPa；
Heating rate is 20~300 DEG C/min；
Connecting temperature is 1400~1700 DEG C；
Soaking time is 10~180min；
Rate of temperature fall is 2~40 DEG C/min；
The connector of TZM alloy and WRe alloy is obtained after cooling.
2. the connection method of TZM alloy and WRe alloy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: when the connection temperature
When being 1400~1700 DEG C, the corresponding DC pulse current density applied is 850~1600A/cm2。
3. the connection method of TZM alloy and WRe alloy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the heating rate is
50~150 DEG C/min.
4. the connection method of TZM alloy and WRe alloy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the connection temperature is
1450~1600 DEG C, soaking time is 30~90min.
5. the connection method of TZM alloy and WRe alloy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the rate of temperature fall exists
It is down in 1000 DEG C of section as 2~15 DEG C/min；In 600~1000 DEG C of sections be 10~40 DEG C/min, 600 DEG C or less with
Furnace is cooling.
6. the connection method of TZM alloy and WRe alloy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 1, by according to
It is secondary using #400, #800, #1000, #1200, #1500, #2000 abrasive paper for metallograph respectively to TZM alloy with WRe alloy wait connect
Surface carries out pre-grinding, then polishes and is cleaned by ultrasonic in alcohol；The TZM alloy handled well is with WRe alloy to connection surface
Flatness be not more than 0.1mm, roughness be not more than 0.1 μm.
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| CN111978094A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-11-24 | 合肥工业大学 | SPS solid phase connection method of WC and WC-6Co hard alloy |
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