CN108143906A - 一种用于治疗痰阻咳嗽的中药组合物和制备方法 - Google Patents
一种用于治疗痰阻咳嗽的中药组合物和制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于治疗痰阻咳嗽的中药组合物和制备方法,所述中药组合物由以下质量份的原料药制成:半夏10~15克、天南星6~9克、白附子9~12克、白芥子6~12克、皂荚12~15克、桔梗10~15克、旋复花12~15克、白前6~9克、瓜蒌20~25克、贝母6~9克、海浮石25~30克、蔊菜20~30克、马兜铃9~12克、矮地茶6~9克、葶苈子12~15克、紫菀6~10克。本发明中药主化痰止咳,不仅能治疗痰阻咳嗽,对咽喉炎、咽喉肿痛等症及劳热久咳、咳血吐痰、久咳不止等咳嗽病症,也有非常好的治疗效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中药组合物领域,尤其涉及一种用于治疗痰阻咳嗽的中药组合物和制备方法。
背景技术
痰浊阻肺是一种疾病,症状是痰浊停留于肺,壅塞气道,临床以咳喘、胸闷、痰多痰鸣,常见于咳嗽、喘、哮、肺胀、肺痈,以及西医的支气管炎、肺炎等疾病,内因与脾有关,如饮食不节,劳倦伤脾,或七情过度,都可使脾虚失运,不能升清降浊,以致津液停聚,变为痰浊,上泛于肺。痰是呼吸道分泌出的黏液,通过咳嗽把痰排出,可保持呼吸道自洁和通畅;若不排出,不仅疾病难愈,而且容易堵住呼吸道,造成呼吸不畅,严重者引起呼吸困难,危及生命。尤其是小儿,由于小儿免疫力弱,较成人更容易感冒受凉,诱发呼吸系统疾病。此时,孩子喉咙里会有许多黏稠的痰液咳不出来,呼噜作响,脸也憋得通红,小儿非常难受。
痰阻咳嗽的成因有内外两种:内因与脾有关,如饮食不节,劳倦伤脾,或七情过度,都可使脾虚失运,不能升清降浊,以致津液停聚,变为痰浊,上泛于肺,故有“脾为升痰之源,肺为贮痰之器”之说。外因则由风、热、燥等邪气犯肺,或风寒入里化热,灼液成痰,而成痰热壅阻于肺;或外感风寒之邪,引动痰饮内发,成为寒痰阻肺。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术所存在的不足之处,本发明提供了一种一种用于治疗痰阻咳嗽的中药组合物和制备方法。
为了解决以上技术问题,本发明采用的技术方案是:一种用于治疗痰阻咳嗽的中药组合物,由以下质量份的原料药制成:
半夏10~15克、天南星6~9克、白附子9~12克、白芥子6~12克、皂荚12~15克、桔梗10~15克、旋复花12~15克、白前6~9克、瓜蒌20~25克、贝母6~9克、海浮石25~30克、蔊菜20~30克、马兜铃9~12克、矮地茶6~9克、葶苈子12~15克、紫菀6~10克。
进一步地,所述中药组合物由以下质量份的原料药制成:
半夏13克、天南星7克、白附子10克、白芥子9克、皂荚13克、桔梗13克、旋复花13克、白前8克、瓜蒌23克、贝母8克、海浮石28克、蔊菜25克、马兜铃10克、矮地茶8克、葶苈子13克、紫菀8克。
进一步地,所述中药组合物可以制成治疗痰阻咳嗽的口含片、冲剂或是胶囊。
进一步地,本发明还包括上述中药组合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按配方比例称取原料药,去除杂质和腐败物,加水浸泡50分钟后,加入9倍量的水煎煮2小时,煮提二次煎液,过滤、浓缩滤液至密度1.0-1.45的浸膏,干燥,粉碎,得干膏粉;
(2)将干膏粉与等质量蜂蜜混合,压制成片状。
在本发明的主要组分中:
半夏,味辛,性温而燥,善化痰消饮,适用于寒痰、湿痰犯肺所致的咳喘诸证。因其性温,故又可用治寒痰,宜与白芥子等同用;因其化痰力佳,故亦可治热痰与风痰,治热痰可与瓜蒌等配伍;治风痰,宜与天南星等同用。
天南星,味苦、辛,性温。燥湿化痰,祛风解痉,消肿散结。用于肺热咳嗽、痰多色黄质黏稠者,可与半夏同用,半夏及天南星辛温,皆为治痰之要药,半夏燥湿健脾,主治湿痰,且有和中降逆之功,南星燥湿化痰,善治风痰,又能祛风定惊。半夏燥湿健脾,以杜生痰之源,南星开泄化痰以祛经络中之风痰。二药合用,治痰力胜,尤以祛风痰为著。配旋复花:祛顽湿风痰,主治顽痰咳嗽胸膈胀闷、痰湿。天南星燥湿化痰,专祛风壅,其温燥之性更烈于半夏,配复覆花之消痰平喘、降逆下气作用增强。
白附子,味辛,性温,祛风痰,定惊搐,解毒散结,止痛。配天南星:祛风化痰、解痉止痛。天南星可燥湿化痰、缓急止痛,二药相合,祛风化痰之力增强,并能解痉止痛。
白芥子,性温,味辛,利气豁痰,温中散寒,通络止痛。治痰饮咳喘,胸胁胀满疼痛
皂荚,味辛、咸,性温。祛痰止咳,开窍通闭,杀虫散结。配半夏,半夏辛温有毒,功专燥湿化痰;皂荚辛散走窜,具祛痰、搜风、开窍之力。善治风痰壅盛,关窍阻闭之证。二药配对,祛痰之力大增,祛风痰,开关窍之功更著。
桔梗,味苦、辛,性平。本品辛散苦泄,性平和,善上行,专走肺经,为肺经气分之要药。善开宣肺气、化痰宽胸而治咳嗽痰多,无论外感内伤、属寒属热均可应用。与贝母配伍时:贝母润肺化痰,并有散结作用,二药配合,用于痰气郁结之喘咳及痰核瘰疬等证。
旋复花,又名旋覆花,味苦、辛、咸,性微温。具有降气、消痰、行水、止呕之功。用于风寒咳嗽,痰饮蓄结,喘咳痰多。配半夏,主治咳嗽气逆、痰湿壅滞、咳吐稀痰而吐之不易等。半夏燥湿化痰,健脾和胃,旋覆花消痰行气,降逆止呕,宣肺平喘,半夏以燥为主,旋覆花以宣为要,二药相配,一燥一宣,相互促进,共奏祛稀痰、止咳嗽之功。
白前,味辛、苦,性微温。具有降气化痰,止咳的功效。用于咳嗽痰多,气喘。本品性微温而不燥烈,长于祛痰,降肺气以平咳喘。具有很好的润肺效果。但白前长于降气,肺气壅实而有痰者宜之。白前化痰止咳降气;白芥子止咳化痰平喘;半夏燥湿化痰。三者合用,有温肺化痰、止咳平喘之功效,用於治疗咳嗽气喘、痰多色白者。桔梗宣肺祛痰,白前降气化痰,两药配用,一宣一降,有宣肺下气,化痰止咳之功。
瓜蒌,味甘、微苦、性寒。用于肺热咳嗽,痰浊黄稠。具涤痰导滞、寒胸利气作用。用治胸阳不振、痰阻气滞所致胸痛彻背、咳唾短气之胸痹证,常与半夏等配伍,以通阳散结、行气祛痰;若用治痰热互结所致胸膈痞闷、按之则痛、吐痰黄稠之结胸证,则可配伍半夏等清热化痰、散结消痞之品;与鱼腥草、贝母等同用,具散结消肿之效,可治肺痈胸痛、咳痰腥臭或咳吐脓血。
贝母,味甘,性微寒,能清肺泄热化痰,又味甘质润能润肺止咳,尤宜於内伤久咳,燥痰,热痰之证。现代药理实验证明,贝母有镇咳、降压、升高血糖等作用。贝母与半夏配伍,两者都能化痰,但半夏辛温,长于治湿痰,贝母苦凉,长于清热痰;又半夏化胃中之痰较好,贝母化肺中之痰较好。在一般情况下,贝母与半夏合用,化痰之力更全面而加强。
海浮石,味咸、性寒,体轻上浮,长于清肺化痰,又能软坚散结,治肺热胶痰是其所长用于痰热喘咳、顽痰胶结,可与天南星、贝母、白芥子、陈皮同用。海浮石清肺降火,利肺化痰,其治重在于“化”;旋复花辛温开肺,宣肺化痰,其治重在于“宣”。二药合用,一化一宣,痰可去,肺气宣,咳嗽止,喘息宁。
蔊菜,性微温,味辛、苦。祛痰止咳,解表散寒,活血解毒,利湿退黄。属解表药下属分类的辛温解表药。治疗肺寒咳嗽,可配白芥子等温肺化痰药。
马兜铃,味苦,性寒。入肺经。具有清肺止咳、凉血止血之功效。主治肺热咳嗽、痰壅气促、肺虚久咳、大肠湿热等症。本品味苦泄降,善清肺热,降肺气,又能化痰。故热郁于肺,肺失肃降,发为咳嗽痰喘者最宜。
矮地茶,性平,味辛、微苦。化痰止咳,利湿,活血。用于咳嗽、痰中带血、慢性支气管炎;本品有显著的止咳祛痰作用,少兼平喘之功。其性平,证情无问寒热,均可配伍应用。
葶苈子,性寒,味辛苦,下气行水。治肺壅喘急,痰坎咳嗽,水肿胀满。配半夏:半夏有宽中降逆止呕、燥湿祛痰止咳之功;葶苈子有下气行水之功。二药相伍,一寒一温,肺胃同治,相瓦制约,共奏清肺和胃、降逆化痰之功。
紫菀,性温,味苦,温肺,下气,消痰,止咳。治风寒咳嗽气喘,虚劳咳吐脓血,配蔊菜:紫菀,蔊菜都是性温而不燥,均能化痰止咳平喘,无论寒热皆宜。蔊菜偏入气分,温肺化痰而治久病寒咳气喘;紫菀偏入血分,宣肺化痰而治久病热咳劳咳。前者偏于止咳,后者偏于去痰,二药合用,润肺止咳,适用于久咳,劳嗽而出血者,一般多蜜炙用。
本方中,半夏宣肺化痰,天南星止痛消痰,并为君药,白附子、白芥子利气豁痰,皂荚、桔梗辛散苦泄,开宣肺气,共为臣药,紫菀、旋复花温润除痰,下气止咳,白前、贝母降气止咳收敛耗散之肺气,瓜蒌、海浮石、马兜铃清肺化痰,软坚散结,均为佐药;蔊菜活血解毒,矮地茶凉血止血,葶苈子下气行水,为使药。诸药相配,共奏宣肺散寒,化饮止咳之功。本发明中药主化痰止咳,不仅能治疗痰阻咳嗽,对咽喉炎、咽喉肿痛等症及劳热久咳、咳血吐痰、久咳不止等咳嗽病症,也有非常好的治疗效果。
本发明将中药提取物制备成口含片,方便使用;口含片可以在咽喉停留更长时间,对于止咳化痰更能针对病灶作用,具有很好的治疗效果。
具体实施方式
下面具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
实施例一、本实施例包括如下配方的原料药:
半夏13克、天南星7克、白附子10克、白芥子9克、皂荚13克、桔梗13克、旋复花13克、白前8克、瓜蒌23克、贝母8克、海浮石28克、蔊菜25克、马兜铃10克、矮地茶8克、葶苈子13克、紫菀8克。
本实施例的中药组合物的制备方法为:
按配方比例称取原料药,去除杂质和腐败物,加水浸泡50分钟后,加入9倍量的水煎煮2小时,煮提二次煎液,过滤、浓缩滤液至密度1.0-1.45的浸膏,干燥,粉碎,得干膏粉;(2)将干膏粉与等质量蜂蜜混合,压制成片状。
实施例二、本实施例包括如下配方的原料药:
半夏10克、天南星6克、白附子9克、白芥子6克、皂荚12克、桔梗10克、旋复花12克、白前6克、瓜蒌20克、贝母6克、海浮石25克、蔊菜20克、马兜铃9克、矮地茶6克、葶苈子12克、紫菀6克。其制作方法与实施例一相同。
实施例三、本实施例包括如下配方的原料药:
半夏15克、天南星9克、白附子12克、白芥子12克、皂荚15克、桔梗15克、旋复花15克、白前9克、瓜蒌25克、贝母9克、海浮石30克、蔊菜30克、马兜铃12克、矮地茶9克、葶苈子15克、紫菀10克。其制作方法与实施例一相同。
实施例四、本实施例包括如下配方的原料药:
半夏15克、天南星9克、白附子9克、白芥子12克、皂荚15克、桔梗15克、旋复花15克、白前6克、瓜蒌20克、贝母6克、海浮石25克、蔊菜20克、马兜铃9克、矮地茶6克、葶苈子15克、紫菀10克。其制作方法与实施例一相同。
1、临床资料
观察治疗确诊为痰阻咳嗽类的患者210例,其中男110例,女100例;年龄10-70岁,病程多在7天到3年不等。
症状:痰浊停留于肺,壅塞气道,临床以咳喘、胸闷、痰多痰鸣,常见于咳嗽、喘、哮、肺胀、肺痈,以及西医的支气管炎、肺炎等疾病,内因与脾有关,如饮食不节,劳倦伤脾,或七情过度,都可使脾虚失运,不能升清降浊,以致津液停聚,变为痰浊,上泛于肺。
2、治疗方法
选择实施例一到四制备中药含片,口服,按照发病情况和时间,每日3-5次,每次1片,每个疗程15天。
3、诊疗标准:
治愈:完全恢复正常。
显效:全部症状平均改善。
无效:临床症状未有改善。
4、治疗效果
210例患者中,治愈67例,有效135例,无效8例,总有效率96%。
5、下面为本发明的典型病例:
典型病例一:
李某,男,45岁,病史3年,咳痰,声带充血,声音嘶哑,影响工作。服用实施例一进行治疗,治疗3个疗程后,咳痰、声带充血消失,声音嘶哑明显好转,继续服用2个疗程,诸症均消失,痊愈。
典型病例二:
王某,女,50岁,咳痰病史半年,并伴有咽喉发热、红肿、糜烂等症状。服用实施例一进行治疗,4个疗程后,有效。
典型病例三:
吴某:女,37岁,咳痰病史1个月,咽干灼热,服用本发明实施例二进行治疗,3个疗程后,症状消失,治愈。
典型病例四:
赵某:男,58岁,咳痰病史2周,咽痛,有异物感,诊断为咽喉炎,服用本发明实施例二进行治疗,3个疗程后,声音正常,症状消失,治愈。
典型病例五:
熊某:女,28岁,咳痰病史8天,咽喉红肿、糜烂,服用本发明实施例三进行治疗,2个疗程后,症状基本消失,有效。
典型病例六:
肖某:女,60岁,患有慢性咽炎,咳痰2周,咽喉红肿、糜烂,痰多气,服用本发明实施例三进行治疗,4个疗程后,症状基本消失,有效。
典型病例七:
王某:男,46岁,咳痰病史5天,咽喉红肿,发热诊断急性咽炎,服用本发明实施例四进行治疗,2个疗程后,症状消失,治愈。
典型病例八:
陆某:男,35岁,咳痰病史2年,痰多,咽痒,咽痛,吞咽困难,服用本发明实施例四进行治疗,4个疗程后,咽痛消失,继续服用2个疗程,诸症均消失,痊愈。
上述实施方式并非是对本发明的限制,本发明也并不仅限于上述举例,本技术领域的技术人员在本发明的技术方案范围内所做出的变化、改型、添加或替换,也均属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (4)
1.一种用于治疗痰阻咳嗽的中药组合物,其特征在于:所述中药组合物由以下质量份的原料药制成:
半夏10~15克、天南星6~9克、白附子9~12克、白芥子6~12克、皂荚12~15克、桔梗10~15克、旋复花12~15克、白前6~9克、瓜蒌20~25克、贝母6~9克、海浮石25~30克、蔊菜20~30克、马兜铃9~12克、矮地茶6~9克、葶苈子12~15克、紫菀6~10克。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于治疗痰阻咳嗽的中药组合物,其特征在于:所述中药组合物由以下质量份的原料药制成:
半夏13克、天南星7克、白附子10克、白芥子9克、皂荚13克、桔梗13克、旋复花13克、白前8克、瓜蒌23克、贝母8克、海浮石28克、蔊菜25克、马兜铃10克、矮地茶8克、葶苈子13克、紫菀8克。
3.根据权利要求1所述的用于治疗痰阻咳嗽的中药组合物,其特征在于:所述中药组合物的剂型为口含片或冲剂或胶囊。
4.一种权利要求1所述的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
a、按配方比例称取原料药,去除杂质和腐败物,加水浸泡50分钟后,加入9倍量的水煎煮2小时,煮提二次煎液,过滤、浓缩滤液至密度1.0-1.45的浸膏,干燥,粉碎,得干膏粉;
b、将干膏粉与等质量蜂蜜混合,压制成片状。
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