CN108133862B - Interlocking vacuum switch and series compensation type current limiting device and method applied by same - Google Patents
Interlocking vacuum switch and series compensation type current limiting device and method applied by same Download PDFInfo
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- CN108133862B CN108133862B CN201810058287.1A CN201810058287A CN108133862B CN 108133862 B CN108133862 B CN 108133862B CN 201810058287 A CN201810058287 A CN 201810058287A CN 108133862 B CN108133862 B CN 108133862B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000599 Cr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001080 W alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GXDVEXJTVGRLNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cr].[Cu] Chemical compound [Cr].[Cu] GXDVEXJTVGRLNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000788 chromium alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- SBYXRAKIOMOBFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tungsten Chemical compound [Cu].[W] SBYXRAKIOMOBFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003137 locomotive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
- H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
- H01H33/664—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
- H01H33/666—Operating arrangements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
Abstract
An interlocking vacuum switch and an applied series compensation type current limiting device and method, wherein the switch adopts an interlocking vacuum arc extinguishing chamber, and a rapid repulsive force mechanism is selected to be matched with the interlocking vacuum arc extinguishing chamber, so that the rapid conversion of two different functions of series compensation and current limiting of the series compensation type current limiting device is realized; when the traction network line normally operates, the series compensation capacitor is connected, and the device is in a series compensation working state; when a short circuit fault occurs in the line, the interlocking vacuum switch acts to short-circuit the capacitor, and the current limiting reactance is put into the system to limit the short circuit current of the line; in the invention, in the same arc extinguishing chamber, a static main contact and a moving main contact form a first contact group to realize the input and the removal of a current limiting reactor, and a static auxiliary contact and a moving auxiliary contact form a second contact group to realize the input and the removal of a compensation capacitor; the invention adopts a single vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber and a group of operating mechanisms to realize the serial compensation and current limiting function conversion of the traction system, thereby reducing the volume cost and the economic cost of the device and improving the reliability of the system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an interlocking vacuum switch, which belongs to the field of high-voltage vacuum switches, in particular to an interlocking vacuum switch which adopts a single vacuum switch to realize two different functions simultaneously; the series compensation type current limiting device applied by the device belongs to the comprehensive field of series compensation and current limiting technology of traction systems (or power systems), and particularly relates to a series compensation type current limiting device and method based on an interlocking vacuum switch.
Background
The electrified railway is powered by a plurality of traction substations which are built along the railway, the main task of the traction substations is to reduce 110kV (or 220 kV) three-phase alternating current transmitted by a power system to 27.5kV (or 2X 27.5 kV) single-phase electricity through a traction transformer, and then the single-phase power is transmitted to a contact network through a feeder line, so that a contact net supplies power to an electric locomotive. However, when the voltage loss of the overhead contact system is serious in the long ramp, the heavy-load line and the tail end of the power supply arm, the phenomenon of low voltage level occurs, and when the voltage of the overhead contact system is lower than the minimum value (19 kV) required by the traction regulations, the electric locomotive cannot be normally towed. In engineering practice, the series capacitance compensation is an effective improvement measure, and the series capacitance compensation device is applied to a circuit, so that the voltage level of a traction network can be effectively improved, the power factor of the traction network can be improved, and the power supply quality of a traction substation can be improved.
Furthermore, short circuits are the most common and also the most serious type of faults in traction power supply systems. The probability of occurrence of a short circuit is highest by grounding one arm, when a short circuit occurs in a system, the current is increased sharply, the voltage of the system is reduced, the current value reaches several times to tens times of rated value during short circuit, in order to limit the short circuit current, the impact of the short circuit fault current on dynamic stability and thermal stability of power equipment along the line is reduced, and reactance can be introduced into a fault line to reduce the level of the short circuit current when the short circuit fault occurs.
The series compensation type fault current limiter can well solve the two problems of large voltage drop and multiple short circuits of a traction network, most of the current topologies are parallel switches on two sides of a capacitor component, and the parallel switches are not arranged on two sides of a current limiting reactance component. In view of this, it is indeed necessary to provide a current limiting device that has a series compensation function and "zero" losses.
If the current limiting device with the series compensation function and zero loss is realized, a series compensation capacitor and a current limiting reactor are needed to be respectively connected with a fast switch in parallel and then connected in series. The matching relation between the series compensation capacitor and the current limiting reactance in the circuit is as follows: when the line normally operates, the switch connected in parallel with the compensation capacitor keeps a switching-off state, at the moment, the capacitor component is connected into the line, the device works in a series compensation state, the switch connected in parallel with the current-limiting reactance is switched on, the current-limiting reactance is bypassed, and therefore zero loss of reactance operation is achieved. When a short circuit fault occurs in a line, a switch connected in parallel with the compensation capacitor is switched on, a switch connected in parallel with the current limiting reactance is switched off, the current limiting reactance is put into the system, the device works in a current limiting state, and the short circuit current of the line is limited.
The current vacuum switch arc-extinguishing chamber can only control one group of elements, so that the switching of the assembly is realized. If the series compensation and the switching of the short-circuit fault current limiting functions are to be realized at the same time, 2 vacuum switches and two independent operating mechanisms are required to be equipped, and under the condition, the materials, the manufacturing cost and the volume are greatly increased, the complexity of a switch control system is increased, and the reliability of line protection is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an interlocking vacuum switch and an applied series compensation type current limiting device and method, which adopt a single arc-extinguishing chamber to realize two function conversions of device series compensation and short-circuit current limitation, can reduce the volume and cost of the device, reduce the number of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers used for the device, simplify the design of an operating mechanism and a transmission part, and improve the reliability of the device.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an interlocking vacuum switch mainly comprises an interlocking vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber and a quick repulsive force mechanism;
the interlocking vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber comprises a static end side part, a movable end side part and a shell structure; the static end side part comprises a static conductive rod 1, a static main contact 2, a static auxiliary contact 7 and a metal flange 8; the upper end of the static conductive rod 1 is welded with the upper side of the insulating shell 10 and penetrates out, the lower end of the static conductive rod 1 is welded with the static main contact 2, the metal flange 8 is fixed in the middle of the insulating shell 10, and the upper end of the metal flange 8 is welded with the static auxiliary contact 7; the movable end side part comprises a movable conducting rod 4, a movable main contact 3, a movable conducting ring 5 and a movable auxiliary contact 6; the upper end of the movable conducting rod 4 is welded with a movable main contact 3, a cylindrical movable conducting ring 5 is welded at the joint of the upper end of the movable conducting rod 4 and the lower end of the movable main contact 3, and a movable auxiliary contact 6 is welded at the lower end of the movable conducting ring 5; inside the same vacuum arc extinguishing chamber, a fixed main contact (2) and a movable main contact (3) form a first contact group, and a fixed auxiliary contact (7) and a movable auxiliary contact (6) form a second contact group; the movable conducting rod 4 is connected with the lower side of the insulating shell 10 through a corrugated pipe 11; the insulating shell 10 is internally provided with a shielding cover 9 which can entirely wrap two groups of contacts;
the rapid repulsive force mechanism comprises a moving part, a circuit part, a bistable holding structure and a frame; the moving part comprises an insulating pull rod 15 and a repulsive force disc 18, and the lower end of the insulating pull rod 15 is connected with the repulsive force disc 18; the circuit part comprises a charging power supply, a switching-on circuit and a switching-off circuit, wherein the switching-off circuit is formed by sequentially connecting a first driving coil 19, a coil 1 control 21 and a first energy storage capacitor 22 in series, and the switching-on circuit is formed by sequentially connecting a second driving coil 20, a coil 2 control 23 and a second energy storage capacitor 24 in series; the first driving coil 19 and the second driving coil 20 are positioned at two sides of the repulsive force disk 18 and are positioned in the frame 26; the charging power supply 25 is simultaneously connected in parallel to two sides of the first energy storage capacitor 22 and the second energy storage capacitor 24 to store energy of the first energy storage capacitor 22 and the second energy storage capacitor 24; the bistable holding structure comprises a bistable spring 16 and a connecting rod 17, wherein one end of the bistable spring 16 is fixed on a frame 26, and the other end of the bistable spring is connected with an insulating pull rod 15 through the connecting rod 17; one end of a connecting rod 17 connected with the insulating pull rod 15 can move up and down under the drive of the insulating pull rod 15; the bistable spring 16 is always in a compressed state, when the insulating pull rod 15 moves upwards, the bistable spring 16 applies upward retaining force to the insulating pull rod 15 through the connecting rod 17, and when the insulating pull rod 15 moves downwards, the bistable spring 15 applies downward retaining force to the insulating pull rod 15 through the connecting rod 17, so that bistable retaining effect of contact closing and opening is realized;
the interlocking vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is matched with a quick repulsion mechanism with a bistable holding structure, a movable conducting rod 4 in the arc-extinguishing chamber is connected with an insulating pull rod 15 and a repulsion disc 18 of the quick repulsion mechanism, the movement of the repulsion disc 18 drives the two pairs of contact groups in the arc-extinguishing chamber to be combined and separated, and the contact groups are respectively held at two positions under the action of the bistable holding structure, so that the single-pole double-throw function in the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is realized.
The fixed main contact 2 and the movable main contact 3 are cup-shaped longitudinal magnetic contacts or groove-shaped transverse magnetic contacts, and are made of copper-chromium alloy.
The movable auxiliary contact 6 and the fixed auxiliary contact 7 are designed to be grooved according to specific requirements, and copper-tungsten alloy is adopted as a material.
A series compensation type current limiting device based on an interlocking vacuum switch comprises a device inlet end 1', a device outlet end 2', a current limiting reactor 3', a series compensation capacitor 4', a zinc oxide voltage limiting and energy absorbing component 5', a damper 6' and the interlocking vacuum switch 7';
the current limiting reactor 3 'and the series compensation capacitor 4' are connected in series to form a main branch of the device, the wire outlet end of the current limiting reactor 3 'is connected with the wire inlet end of the series compensation capacitor 4', meanwhile, the static conducting rod terminal 12 of the interlocking vacuum switch 7 'is connected with the wire inlet end of the current limiting reactor 3', the movable conducting rod terminal 14 is connected with a common point between the current limiting reactor 3 'and the series compensation capacitor 4', and the metal flange terminal 13 is connected with the wire outlet end of the series compensation capacitor 4 'through the damper 6'; the zinc oxide voltage limiting and energy absorbing components 5 'are connected in parallel to two sides of the series compensation capacitor 4';
the series compensation capacitor 4' is used for compensating inductance in an external circuit of a system, which is connected with the device inlet end 1' and the device outlet end 2', the current limiting reactor 3' is used for limiting current in a short circuit time circuit of the external circuit, and the zinc oxide voltage limiting and energy absorbing component 5' is used for preventing overvoltage of the capacitor at the moment of short circuit; the damper 6' is formed by connecting an inductor and a resistor in parallel, is used for discharging electric energy after the series compensation capacitor 4' is short-circuited, and the interlocking vacuum switch 7' is used for realizing the conversion of the series compensation and current limiting functions.
In the same arc extinguishing chamber, the static main contact (2) and the moving main contact (3) form a first contact group to realize the input and the removal of the current limiting reactor 3', and the static auxiliary contact (7) and the moving auxiliary contact (6) form a second contact group to realize the input and the removal of the series compensation capacitor 4'.
In the working process of the series compensation type current limiting device, when a static main contact 2 and a movable main contact 3 in an interlocking vacuum switch connected in parallel to two sides of a current limiting reactor 3 'are closed, and a movable auxiliary contact 6 and a static auxiliary contact 7 are opened, the current limiting reactor 3' is bypassed, a series compensation capacitor 4 'is connected into a circuit, current in an external system flows in through a device inlet end 1', and flows out from a device outlet end 2 'through a static conducting rod terminal 12, a static conducting rod 1, a static main contact 2, a movable main contact 3, a movable conducting rod 4, a movable conducting rod terminal 14 and a series compensation capacitor 4' of the interlocking vacuum switch, and the device works in a series compensation state; when the movable auxiliary contact 6 and the fixed auxiliary contact 7 in the interlocking vacuum switch connected in parallel to the two sides of the series compensation capacitor 4' are closed, and the fixed main contact 2 and the movable main contact 3 are opened, at the moment, the current limiting reactor 3' is connected into a circuit, the series compensation capacitor 4' is bypassed, current in an external system flows in through the device inlet end 1', flows out of the device outlet end 2' through the current limiting reactor 3', the movable conducting rod outlet end 14, the movable conducting rod 4, the movable conducting ring 5, the movable auxiliary contact 6, the fixed auxiliary contact 7, the metal flange 8, the metal flange outlet end 13 and the damper 6', and the device works in a current limiting state.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the characteristics of the two pairs of contact sets of the interlocking vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber are matched with a quick repulsive force mechanism with a bistable holding structure, so that a single-pole double-throw function in the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is realized, and the single-pole double-throw function is used for controlling a power supply to output in two different directions or simultaneously controlling two devices.
2. The interlocking vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber independently leads the movable auxiliary contact out of the conductive rod through the movable conductive ring, so that the contact area of the auxiliary contact is increased, the current bearing capacity is improved, and meanwhile, the movable main contact and the auxiliary movable contact are independent, so that cup-shaped longitudinal magnets, groove-shaped transverse magnets or other contact magnetic field structural designs can be more conveniently added, and the main contact can have the short-circuit current switching-on and off capacity.
3. The two pairs of contact groups of the switch have interlocking linkage characteristics, and when one group of contacts are opened, the other group of contacts are necessarily closed, so that the complexity of a switch control system is reduced.
4. The use of the rapid repulsive force mechanism in the switch enables the current limiting reactance in the series compensation current limiting device to be rapidly put into, reduces the thermal shock and the large current impact of fault current on the circuit, and improves the safety of the circuit. Meanwhile, the rapid repulsive force mechanism is suitable for phase selection and switching-off, the actual arcing time of the switch can be controlled, the switch contacts are separated in the phase position which is most favorable for arc extinction, the actual switching-on and switching-off capability and the electrical service life of the switch are greatly improved, and the reliability and the electrical energy quality of the system are improved.
5. The input and the removal of two different components of the series compensation capacitor and the current limiting reactance in the device can be realized by adopting one switch, so that the use of one switch is reduced, the volume of the device is greatly reduced, the occupied area is also greatly reduced, and the required cost and maintenance cost are greatly reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the interlocking vacuum switch when the main contact is closed and the auxiliary contact is opened.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the interlocking vacuum switch when the main contact is opened and the auxiliary contact is closed.
In fig. 1 and 2: 1. a static conductive rod; 2. a stationary main contact; 3. a moving main contact; 4. a movable conductive rod; 5. a movable conductive ring; 6. a moving pair contact; 7. a static auxiliary contact; 8. a metal flange; 9. a shield; 10. an insulating housing; 11. a bellows; 12. a static conductive rod terminal; 13. a metal flange terminal; 14. a movable conductive rod terminal; 15. an insulating pull rod; 16. a bistable spring; 17. a connecting rod 18, a repulsive force disc; 19. a first driving coil; 20. a second driving coil; 21. the coil 1 is controlled; 22. a first energy storage capacitor; 23. the coil 2 is controlled; 24. a second energy storage capacitor; 25. a charging power supply; 26. and a frame.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the interlocking vacuum switch and the series compensation current limiting device applied by the interlocking vacuum switch in the series compensation state.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the interlocking vacuum switch and the series compensation current limiting device applied by the interlocking vacuum switch in the current limiting state.
In fig. 3 and 4: 1', device inlet end; 2', device outlet end; 3', a current limiting reactor; 4', a series compensation capacitor; a 5' zinc oxide voltage limiting and energy absorbing component; 6', a damper; 7', interlocking vacuum switch (repulsive force mechanism portion not shown).
Detailed Description
The interlocking vacuum switch and the series compensation type current limiting device applied by the interlocking vacuum switch are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in figure 1, the interlocking vacuum switch mainly comprises an interlocking vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber and a quick repulsive force mechanism. The interlocking vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber comprises a static end side part, a movable end side part and a shell structure. The static end side part comprises a static conductive rod 1, a static main contact 2, a metal flange 8 and a static auxiliary contact 7. The upper end of the static conductive rod 1 is welded with the upper side of the insulating shell 10 and penetrates out, the lower end of the static conductive rod 1 is welded with the static main contact 2, the metal flange 8 is fixed in the middle of the insulating shell 10, and the upper end of the metal flange 8 is welded with the static auxiliary contact 7. The movable end side part comprises a movable conducting rod 4, a movable main contact 3, a movable conducting ring 5 and a movable auxiliary contact 6. The upper end of the movable conducting rod 4 is welded with a movable main contact 3, a cylindrical movable conducting ring 5 is welded at the joint of the upper end of the movable conducting rod 4 and the lower end of the movable main contact 3, and a movable auxiliary contact 6 is welded at the lower end of the movable conducting ring 5. The movable end side part is a so-called "knife" in a single-pole double-throw switch, and the movable conductive rod 4 is connected with the lower side of the insulating housing 10 through a corrugated tube 11. The insulating housing 10 is internally provided with a shielding cover 9 which can fully wrap the two groups of contacts. In this way, in the same vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber, the fixed main contact 2 and the movable main contact 3 form a first contact group, and the fixed auxiliary contact 7 and the movable auxiliary contact 6 form a second contact group. When one side of the two contact sets is opened, the other side is closed, and the two contact sets have an interlocking linkage relationship. The movable conducting rod 4 passes through the fixed auxiliary contact 7, and the middle gap can bear enough voltage requirement.
The rapid repulsive force mechanism comprises a moving part, a circuit part, a bistable holding structure and a frame. The moving part comprises an insulating pull rod 15 and a repulsive force disk 18, and the lower end of the insulating pull rod 15 is connected with the repulsive force disk 18. The circuit part comprises a charging power supply, a switching-on circuit and a switching-off circuit, wherein the switching-off circuit is formed by sequentially connecting a first driving coil 19, a coil 1 control 21 and a first energy storage capacitor 22 in series, and the switching-on circuit is formed by sequentially connecting a second driving coil 20, a coil 2 control 23 and a second energy storage capacitor 24 in series. The charging power supply 25 is simultaneously connected in parallel to two sides of the first energy storage capacitor 22 and the second energy storage capacitor 24, and can store energy for the first energy storage capacitor 22 and the second energy storage capacitor 24.
The bistable holding structure comprises bistable springs 16 and connecting rods 17, one ends of the bistable springs 16 being fixed to the frame 26 and the other ends being connected to the insulating tie rods 15 by means of the connecting rods 17. One end of a connecting rod 17 connected with the insulating pull rod 15 can move up and down under the drive of the insulating pull rod 15. The bistable spring 16 is always in a compressed state, when the insulating pull rod 15 drives the connecting rod 17 to move upwards through the horizontal point of the connecting rod 17, the bistable spring 16 applies upward retaining force to the insulating pull rod 15 through the connecting rod 17, and when the insulating pull rod 15 drives the connecting rod to move downwards through the horizontal point of the connecting rod 17, the bistable spring 15 applies downward retaining force to the insulating pull rod 15 through the connecting rod 17, so that bistable retaining effect of contact closing and opening is realized.
The movable conducting rod 4 inside the arc-extinguishing chamber is connected with the insulating pull rod 15 and the repulsive force disc 18 of the rapid repulsive force mechanism, the movement of the repulsive force disc 18 drives the two pairs of contact groups in the arc-extinguishing chamber to be combined and separated, and the contact groups are respectively kept at two positions under the action of the bistable retaining structure, so that the single-pole double-throw function in the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is realized.
As shown in fig. 1, a fixed main contact 2 and a movable main contact 3 of the interlocking vacuum switch are in a closing state, and a movable auxiliary contact 6 and a fixed auxiliary contact 7 are in a separating state. The moving process of the interlocking vacuum switch of the invention, in which the fixed main contact 2 and the moving main contact 3 are opened and the moving auxiliary contact 6 and the fixed auxiliary contact 7 are closed, is described in detail below.
The charging power supply 25 stores energy for the first energy storage capacitor 22 and the second energy storage capacitor 24, when the system is subjected to an action instruction of opening the main contact and closing the auxiliary contact, the coil 1 is controlled to be connected, the first energy storage capacitor 22 discharges the first driving coil 19 to generate pulse current lasting for a plurality of milliseconds, under the action of the pulse current, a transient magnetic field is generated around the coil, meanwhile, eddy current with the opposite direction of the coil current is induced in the metal repulsive force disc 18, the magnetic field generated by the eddy current and the magnetic field of the first driving coil 19 generate repulsive force, the driving repulsive force disc 18 drives the insulating pull rod 15, the movable conducting rod 4, the movable main contact 3 and the movable auxiliary contact 6 to move downwards in a straight line, so that the first contact group static main contact 2 and the movable main contact 3 are opened, and the second contact group static auxiliary contact 7 and the movable auxiliary contact 6 are reliably contacted. The connecting rod 17 moves downwards under the downward driving of the insulating pull rod 15, and the bistable spring 16 in a compressed state is applied to the downward holding force of the insulating pull rod 15 through the connecting rod 17, so that the state that the fixed main contact 2 and the movable main contact 3 are separated and the fixed auxiliary contact 7 and the movable auxiliary contact 6 are closed is maintained.
As shown in fig. 2, the static main contact 2 and the moving main contact 3 of the interlocking vacuum switch are in a switching-off state, and the static auxiliary contact 7 and the moving auxiliary contact 6 are in a switching-on state. The motion process of switching on the main contact and switching off the auxiliary contact of the interlocking vacuum switch is described in detail below.
The charging power supply 25 stores energy for the first energy storage capacitor 22 and the second energy storage capacitor 24, when the system is subjected to the action instruction of closing the main contact and opening the auxiliary contact, the coil 2 is controlled 23 to be connected, the second energy storage capacitor 24 discharges the second driving coil 20 to generate pulse current lasting for a plurality of milliseconds, under the action of the pulse current, a transient magnetic field is generated around the second driving coil, meanwhile, eddy current with the opposite direction of the coil current is induced in the metal repulsive force disc 18, the magnetic field generated by the eddy current and the magnetic field of the second driving coil generate repulsive force, the repulsive force disc 18 drives the insulating pull rod 15, the movable conducting rod 4, the movable main contact 3 and the movable auxiliary contact 6 to move upwards in a straight line, so that the fixed main contact 2 and the movable main contact 3 of the first contact group are reliably contacted, and the fixed auxiliary contact 7 and the movable auxiliary contact 6 of the second contact group are reliably opened. The connecting rod 17 moves upwards under the upward driving of the insulating pull rod 15, and the bistable spring 16 in a compressed state is applied to the upward holding force of the insulating pull rod 15 through the connecting rod 17, so that the state that the fixed main contact 2 and the movable main contact 3 are closed and the fixed auxiliary contact 7 and the movable auxiliary contact 6 are opened is maintained.
As shown in fig. 3, the series compensation type current limiting device adopting the interlocking vacuum switch comprises a device inlet terminal 1', a device outlet terminal 2', a current limiting reactor 3', a series compensation capacitor 4', a zinc oxide voltage limiting and energy absorbing component 5', a damper 6' and an interlocking vacuum switch 7'.
The main device is formed by connecting a current limiting reactor 3' and a series compensation capacitor 4' in series, wherein the outlet end of the current limiting reactor 3' is connected with the inlet end of the series compensation capacitor 4', meanwhile, the static conducting rod terminal 12 of the interlocking vacuum switch is connected with the inlet end of the current limiting reactor 3', and the movable conducting rod terminal 14 is connected with a common point between the current limiting reactor 3' and the series compensation capacitor 4 '. The metal flange terminal 13 is connected to the outlet terminal of the series compensation capacitor 4 'via the damper 6'. The zinc oxide voltage limiting and energy absorbing components 5 'are connected in parallel to two sides of the series compensation capacitor 4'.
In the series compensation type current limiting device shown in fig. 3, a movable auxiliary contact 6 and a static auxiliary contact 7 on two sides of a series compensation capacitor are opened, a capacitor is connected into a channel and works in a series compensation state, and in the following, the conversion process from the series compensation state to the current limiting state of the series compensation type current limiting device is shown in fig. 3 to fig. 4 in detail, when a short circuit fault occurs in an external circuit connected with an inlet end 1 'and an outlet end 2' of the device, an interlocking vacuum switch in the device starts to act, the movable auxiliary contact 6 and the static auxiliary contact 7 in the interlocking vacuum switch connected in parallel with two sides of the series compensation capacitor 4 'are closed, meanwhile, when the static main contact 2 and the movable main contact 3 are opened, the current limiting reactor 3' is connected into a circuit, the series compensation capacitor 4 'is bypassed, electric energy in the series compensation capacitor is released through a damper, and a zinc oxide voltage limiting energy absorbing component 5' is used for preventing the capacitor from generating overvoltage when the short circuit happens, and preventing the capacitor from being burnt out. The current in the external system flows in through the inlet wire end 1 'of the device, flows out of the outlet wire end 2' of the device through the current limiting reactor 3', the outlet wire end 14 of the movable conducting rod, the movable conducting rod 4, the movable conducting ring 5, the movable auxiliary contact 6, the static auxiliary contact 7, the metal flange 8, the outlet wire end 13 of the metal flange and the damper 6', and the device works in a current limiting state to play a role in short circuit fault current limiting for an external system circuit.
As shown in fig. 4, the series compensation type current limiting device using the interlocking vacuum switch according to the present invention operates in a current limiting state. The process of switching the series compensation type current limiting device from the current limiting state to the series compensation state is described in detail below, when the short circuit fault of the external circuit connected with the device inlet terminal 1 'and the device outlet terminal 2' is removed, the interlocking vacuum switch in the device starts to act, the movable auxiliary contact 6 and the static auxiliary contact 7 in the interlocking vacuum switch connected in parallel with the two sides of the series compensation capacitor 4 'are opened, meanwhile, the static main contact 2 and the movable main contact 3 in the interlocking vacuum switch at the two sides are closed, the current limiting reactor 3' is bypassed, and the series compensation capacitor is connected into a circuit. The current in the external system flows in through the inlet wire end 1' of the device, flows out from the outlet wire end 2' of the device through the static conducting rod terminal 12, the static conducting rod 1, the static main contact 2, the moving main contact 3, the moving conducting rod 4, the moving conducting rod terminal 14 and the series compensation capacitor 4' of the interlocking vacuum switch, and the device works in a series compensation state and plays a role in compensating inductance of a circuit on an external circuit connected with the device.
The interlocking vacuum switch and the series compensation type current limiting device applied by the interlocking vacuum switch can finish the conversion of two functions of series compensation and current limiting in the same arc extinguishing chamber, and reduce the number and the volume of parts. Meanwhile, the rapid repulsive force mechanism is used, so that the switch can rapidly complete the conversion from series compensation to current limiting, the thermal shock and the large current impact of fault current to a circuit are reduced, the rapid repulsive force mechanism is suitable for phase selection and switching-off, the control of the actual arcing time of the switch is realized, and the actual switching-on and switching-off capability and the electrical life of the switch are improved. The device has simple structure, low cost and high reliability.
Claims (4)
1. The working method of the series compensation type current limiting device comprises a device inlet end (1 '), a device outlet end (2 '), a current limiting reactor (3 '), a series compensation capacitor (4 '), a zinc oxide voltage limiting and energy absorbing component (5 '), a damper (6 ') and an interlocking vacuum switch (7 ');
the interlocking vacuum switch (7') mainly comprises an interlocking vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber and a quick repulsive force mechanism;
the interlocking vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber comprises a static end side part, a movable end side part and a shell structure; the static end side part comprises a static conductive rod (1), a static main contact (2), a static auxiliary contact (7) and a metal flange (8); the upper end of the static conductive rod (1) is welded with the upper side of the insulating shell (10) and penetrates out, the lower end of the static conductive rod (1) is welded with the static main contact (2), the metal flange (8) is fixed in the middle of the insulating shell (10), and the upper end of the metal flange (8) is welded with the static auxiliary contact (7); the movable end side part comprises a movable conducting rod (4), a movable main contact (3), a movable conducting ring (5) and a movable auxiliary contact (6); the upper end of the movable conducting rod (4) is welded with a movable main contact (3), a cylindrical movable conducting ring (5) is welded at the joint of the upper end of the movable conducting rod (4) and the lower end of the movable main contact (3), and a movable auxiliary contact (6) is welded at the lower end of the movable conducting ring (5); inside the same vacuum arc extinguishing chamber, a fixed main contact (2) and a movable main contact (3) form a first contact group, and a fixed auxiliary contact (7) and a movable auxiliary contact (6) form a second contact group; the movable conducting rod (4) is connected with the lower side of the insulating shell (10) through a corrugated pipe (11); a shielding cover (9) is arranged in the insulating shell (10) and can fully wrap the two groups of contacts;
the rapid repulsive force mechanism comprises a moving part, a circuit part, a bistable holding structure and a frame; the motion part comprises an insulating pull rod (15) and a repulsive force disc (18), and the lower end of the insulating pull rod (15) is connected with the repulsive force disc (18); the circuit part comprises a charging power supply, a switching-on circuit and a switching-off circuit, wherein the switching-off circuit is formed by sequentially connecting a first driving coil (19), a coil 1 control (21) and a first energy storage capacitor (22) in series, and the switching-on circuit is formed by sequentially connecting a second driving coil (20), a coil 2 control (23) and a second energy storage capacitor (24) in series; the first driving coil (19) and the second driving coil (20) are positioned at two sides of the repulsive force disc (18) and are arranged in the frame (26); the charging power supply (25) is simultaneously connected in parallel with the two sides of the first energy storage capacitor (22) and the second energy storage capacitor (24) to store energy for the first energy storage capacitor (22) and the second energy storage capacitor (24); the bistable retaining structure comprises a bistable spring (16) and a connecting rod (17), one end of the bistable spring (16) is fixed on the frame (26), and the other end of the bistable spring is connected with the insulating pull rod (15) through the connecting rod (17); one end of a connecting rod (17) connected with the insulating pull rod (15) can move up and down under the drive of the insulating pull rod (15); the bistable spring (16) is always in a compressed state, when the insulating pull rod (15) moves upwards, the bistable spring (16) applies an upward holding force to the insulating pull rod (15) through the connecting rod (17), and when the insulating pull rod (15) moves downwards, the bistable spring (16) applies a downward holding force to the insulating pull rod (15) through the connecting rod (17), so that bistable holding effect of contact closing and opening is realized;
the interlocking vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is matched with a quick repulsion mechanism with a bistable holding structure, a movable conducting rod (4) in the arc-extinguishing chamber is connected with an insulating pull rod (15) and a repulsion disc (18) of the quick repulsion mechanism, the movement of the repulsion disc (18) drives the combination and separation of two pairs of contact groups in the arc-extinguishing chamber, and the contact groups are respectively held at two positions under the action of the bistable holding structure, so that the single-pole double-throw function in the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is realized;
the device is characterized in that a main branch of the device is formed by connecting a current limiting reactor (3 ') and a series compensation capacitor (4') in series, an outlet end of the current limiting reactor (3 ') is connected with an inlet end of the series compensation capacitor (4'), a static conducting rod terminal (12) of an interlocking vacuum switch (7 ') is connected with an inlet end of the current limiting reactor (3'), a movable conducting rod terminal (14) is connected with a common point between the current limiting reactor (3 ') and the series compensation capacitor (4'), and a metal flange terminal (13) is connected with an outlet end of the series compensation capacitor (4 ') through a damper (6'); the zinc oxide voltage limiting and energy absorbing components (5 ') are connected in parallel to two sides of the series compensation capacitor (4');
the series compensation capacitor (4 ') is used for compensating inductance in a system external circuit connected with the device inlet end (1 ') and the device outlet end (2 '), the current limiting reactor (3 ') is used for limiting current in a circuit at the moment of short circuit of the external circuit, and the zinc oxide voltage limiting energy absorbing component (5 ') is used for preventing the capacitor from generating overvoltage at the moment of short circuit; the damper (6 ') is formed by connecting an inductor and a resistor in parallel, is used for releasing electric energy of the series compensation capacitor (4 ') after being short-circuited, and the interlocking vacuum switch (7 ') is used for realizing conversion of two functions of series compensation and current limiting;
the method is characterized in that: the working method comprises the following steps: when a static main contact (2) and a movable main contact (3) in an interlocking vacuum switch which are connected in parallel to two sides of a current limiting reactor (3 ') are closed, and a movable auxiliary contact (6) and a static auxiliary contact (7) are opened, the current limiting reactor (3') is bypassed, a series compensation capacitor (4 ') is connected into a circuit, current in an external system flows in through a device inlet end (1'), and flows out from a device outlet end (2 ') through a static conducting rod terminal (12), a static conducting rod (1), a static main contact (2), the movable main contact (3), a movable conducting rod (4), a movable conducting rod terminal (14) and the series compensation capacitor (4') of the interlocking vacuum switch, and the device works in a series compensation state; when a movable auxiliary contact (6) and a fixed auxiliary contact (7) in an interlocking vacuum switch which are connected in parallel to two sides of a series compensation capacitor (4 ') are closed, and meanwhile, a fixed main contact (2) and a movable main contact (3) are opened, at the moment, a current limiting reactor (3 ') is connected into a circuit, the series compensation capacitor (4 ') is bypassed, current in an external system flows in through a device inlet end (1 '), and flows out of the device outlet end (2 ') through the current limiting reactor (3 '), a movable conducting rod wiring end (14), a movable conducting rod (4), a movable conducting ring (5), the movable auxiliary contact (6), the fixed auxiliary contact (7), a metal flange (8), a metal flange wiring end (13) and a damper (6 '), and the device works in a current limiting state.
2. The method of operating a series compensated current limiting device of claim 1, wherein: the static main contact (2) and the moving main contact (3) are cup-shaped longitudinal magnetic contacts or groove-shaped transverse magnetic contacts, and are made of copper-chromium alloy.
3. The method of operating a series compensated current limiting device of claim 1, wherein: the movable auxiliary contact (6) and the fixed auxiliary contact (7) are provided with grooves according to specific requirements, and copper-tungsten alloy is adopted as a material.
4. The method of operating a series compensated current limiting device of claim 1, wherein: in the same arc extinguishing chamber, the static main contact (2) and the moving main contact (3) form a first contact group to realize the input and the removal of the current limiting reactor (3 '), and the static auxiliary contact (7) and the moving auxiliary contact (6) form a second contact group to realize the input and the removal of the series compensation capacitor (4').
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| CN201810058287.1A CN108133862B (en) | 2018-01-19 | 2018-01-19 | Interlocking vacuum switch and series compensation type current limiting device and method applied by same |
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| CN201810058287.1A CN108133862B (en) | 2018-01-19 | 2018-01-19 | Interlocking vacuum switch and series compensation type current limiting device and method applied by same |
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| CN113394047B (en) * | 2021-06-15 | 2022-11-22 | 西安西电开关电气有限公司 | Quick switch assembly |
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