CN102157297A - Three-station vacuum switch tube - Google Patents
Three-station vacuum switch tube Download PDFInfo
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- CN102157297A CN102157297A CN2011100552982A CN201110055298A CN102157297A CN 102157297 A CN102157297 A CN 102157297A CN 2011100552982 A CN2011100552982 A CN 2011100552982A CN 201110055298 A CN201110055298 A CN 201110055298A CN 102157297 A CN102157297 A CN 102157297A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-station vacuum switch tube comprising a vacuum chamber, a fixed contact assembly, a moving contact assembly and a grounding contact, wherein the grounding contact comprises a grounding contact ring and a grounding terminal, wherein the grounding terminal is electrically connected with the grounding contact ring, and a moving contact is driven by an operating mechanism to take linear back-and-forth movement between a fixed contact and the grounding contact ring; and when the moving contact, the fixed contact and the grounding contact ring are all in off states, the tolerance electric field intensity between the moving contact and the fixed contact is higher than that between the moving contact or the fixed contact and the grounding contact ring. The invention realizes the switch-on, isolation and grounding three-station functions, also not only has the advantages of compact structure, reasonable design, advanced technology, current relative standard accordance, long electrical life and mechanical life, wide application range, high safety and reliability, and the like, but also realizes that electric breakdown firstly generates between a loading terminal and a grounding terminal once vacuum degree is reduced, enables the leakage currents and the short-circuit currents to flow into earth and ensures the safety of maintenance personnel who possibly mistakenly contact the loading terminal.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of operating voltage is the middle pressure vacuum switch tube of 3.6kV～40.5kV, especially relates to a kind of three station vacuum switch tubes.
Background technology
With reference to the regulation of standard GB 2900.20 " electrotechnical terminology high voltage switchgear ", fracture is meant two or more conductors of mechanical switch, the galvanic circle is disconnected, the electrical distance that with its contact the galvanic circle is connected during operation.In the high-voltage switch gear technical field, have following three kinds of fractures: isolation fracture, blow-out fracture and ground connection fracture.Wherein, isolation fracture is to be used for the fracture of isolating with energized circuit safety: when minute position, the insulation property that meet safety requirements are arranged between isolation fracture and disconnect sign; When closing the position, can carry the electric current under normal and unusual (as short circuit) loop condition.The arc extinguishing fracture is in order to disconnect or/and connect the fracture of electric current under normal and unusual (as short circuit) loop condition, has the device that can limit the arc space position and quicken arc extinction between the arc extinguishing fracture.The ground connection fracture is the fracture that is used for galvanic circle ground connection: disconnect under normal loop condition; Can discharge the electrostatic charge on the loop during combined floodgate over the ground and carry unusual (as short circuit) electric current under the unusual loop condition.
The dielectric of fracture has multiple, mainly contains air, oil, sulphur hexafluoride and vacuum etc.At present, in the medium voltate field of 3.6kV～40.5kV, the blow-out fracture has been realized evacuation, and exhausted big number occasion has adopted the vacuum extinction pipe.And isolate and the dielectric of ground connection fracture, great majority are still air, and minority is filled sulphur hexafluoride.In the recent period, the ground connection fracture has begun to adopt vacuum, but owing to still do not have breakthrough progress at aspects such as mechanism and structures, the user does not believe the security reliability of vacuum insulation fracture, still can not accept the vacuum insulation fracture, so do not see that so far product comes into the market.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is at above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, a kind of three station vacuum switch tubes are provided, when realizing connection, isolation and ground connection three functions, can realize when the reduction in a single day of its vacuum degree is insulating capacity decline in mechanism and configuration aspects, electrical breakdown at first occurs between load side and the earth terminal, leakage current, short circuit current are flowed into the earth, and guarantee the attendant's of possible false touch and load side safety.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of three station vacuum switch tubes, be made up of the vacuum chamber of inside band closed cavity and fixed contact assembly, moving contact component and the grounding contact that is installed in the described vacuum chamber, described vacuum chamber is connected to form successively by upper end cover, last insulation shell, shielding cylinder, following insulation shell and bottom end cover from top to bottom; Described fixed contact assembly comprises that static conductive rod and the fixed contact and the fixed contact that are installed in the static conductive rod leading section are electrically connected with static conductive rod, described moving contact component comprises that moving conductive rod and the moving contact and the moving contact that are installed in the moving conductive rod leading section are electrically connected with moving conductive rod, the rear portion of described static conductive rod is installed on the upper end cover, be set with fairlead on the described moving conductive rod, moving conductive rod is installed on the bottom end cover by suit bellows thereon, and the rear portion of moving conductive rod from described vacuum chamber stretch out and with drive its operating mechanism of in vacuum chamber, doing straight reciprocating motion and join; Equal correspondence is provided with the electric interface of realizing the two electrical connection on described moving contact and the fixed contact, it is characterized in that: described grounding contact comprises grounding contact ring that is used with moving contact and the earth terminal that is electrically connected with the grounding contact ring, moving contact is between fixed contact and grounding contact ring, and equal correspondence is provided with the electric interface of realizing the two electrical connection on moving contact and the grounding contact ring; Described moving contact component is power end or load side, and the fixed contact assembly should be load side or power end mutually; Described moving contact drives by described operating mechanism and do the straight line back and forth movement between fixed contact and grounding contact ring, contact with fixed contact and when realizing electrical connection, vacuum switch tube is in on-position when moving contact moves to; When moving contact moved to the grounding contact loop contacts and realizes being electrically connected, vacuum switch tube was in earthing position; When described moving contact and fixed contact and grounding contact ring all are in complete open position, vacuum switch tube is in and disconnects the isolated location, and this moment moving contact and fixed contact between tolerance electric field strength be higher than tolerance electric field strength between moving contact and the grounding contact or between fixed contact and the grounding contact.
Above-mentioned a kind of three station vacuum switch tubes, it is characterized in that: the tolerance electric field strength value between described moving contact and the fixed contact, than the high at least m% of tolerance electric field strength value between moving contact and the grounding contact or between fixed contact and the grounding contact, and m%=13%～16%.
Above-mentioned a kind of three station vacuum switch tubes is characterized in that: the tolerance electric field strength value between described moving contact and the fixed contact is higher by 13%～16% than the tolerance electric field strength value between moving contact and the grounding contact or between fixed contact and the grounding contact; Tolerance electric field strength value between described moving contact and the fixed contact is 1.13 times～1.16 times of tolerance electric field strength value between moving contact and the grounding contact or between fixed contact and the grounding contact.
Above-mentioned a kind of three station vacuum switch tubes is characterized in that: the tolerance electric field strength size between described moving contact and the fixed contact adjusts accordingly by the shape of opening distance and/or moving contact and fixed contact that changes between moving contact and the fixed contact; Tolerance electric field strength size between described moving contact and the grounding contact adjusts accordingly by the shape of opening distance and/or moving contact and grounding contact that changes between moving contact and the grounding contact; Tolerance electric field strength size between described fixed contact and the grounding contact adjusts accordingly by the shape of opening distance and/or fixed contact and grounding contact that changes between fixed contact and the grounding contact.
Above-mentioned a kind of three station vacuum switch tubes is characterized in that: described grounding contact is between last insulation shell and following insulation shell, and the grounding contact boxing is connected on the madial wall of shielding cylinder.
Above-mentioned a kind of three station vacuum switch tubes, it is characterized in that: described fixed contact, moving contact and grounding contact all are coaxial laying with described vacuum chamber, and described moving contact and fixed contact are round pie, and described static conductive rod and described moving conductive rod are cylindrical rod member.
Above-mentioned a kind of three station vacuum switch tubes is characterized in that: described upward insulation shell, following insulation shell and shielding cylinder are cylindric, and earth terminal is fixed on the lateral wall of shielding cylinder, and the rear seal of static conductive rod is fixed on the upper flange.
Above-mentioned a kind of three station vacuum switch tubes, it is characterized in that: described fixed contact, moving contact and grounding contact ring are made by oxygen-free copper or chromiumcopper material.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
1. advanced technology, reasonable in design meets the existing world, country and industry relevant criterion.
2. the insulation property of isolation fracture are safe and reliable, and it is reliable to disconnect sign.Guaranteeing in rated insulation level, the isolation fracture of vacuum switch tube has the disruptive discharge probability lower than ground connection fracture, when vacuum degree reduction in a single day is insulating capacity decline, electrical breakdown at first occurs between load side and the earth terminal, can guarantee the attendant's of possible false touch and load side safety, also phase fault can be reduced into the ground short circuit fault.
Vacuum switch tube does not only cut-off short circuit current, electric interface does not have electrical arc erosion, and the no rate request that divides, closes a floodgate, do not need operating mechanism that overtravel is provided, so the mechanical connection of moving contact and operating mechanism drive rod is bordering on rigidity, stroke is synchronous, and the sign on the drive rod can be represented the location status of moving contact reliably.
3. have wide range of applications.The present invention is not only applicable to the Medium voltage switch or circuit breaker field at 3.6kV～40.5kV, the low tension switch field that the high-voltage switch gear field of also applicable 72.5 kV～126 kV and 1kV are following.Simultaneously, also can expand to and have the product on-load switch function, that have the earthed switch of short circuit making capability.
4. the mode of connection is reasonable in design, flexibility and changeability.The present invention at first promote employing with moving conductive rod as power end and static conductive rod the mode of connection as load side.This mode of connection has a significant advantage to be: because the distance between the interior circle of the cylindrical of moving contact and shielding cylinder is constant, determine to be the electrical breakdown position thus herein, thereby the tolerance electric field strength between moving contact and the grounding contact can not change because of the variation that isolation fracture is held distance, and electrical breakdown is stable and reliable for performance.Thereby this kind mode of connection is easy-to-connect not only, can dwindle the size of switch cubicle greatly, and tolerance electric field strength is adjusted easy.
Simultaneously, the present invention also can adopt the mode of connection of identical with conventional vacuum extinction pipe (promptly with static conductive rod as power end and moving conductive rod as load side).Under this kind mode of connection, the tolerance electric field strength between fixed contact and moving contact need be higher than the tolerance electric field strength between fixed contact and grounding contact.But, since isolation fracture and ground connection fracture open apart from be decide by operating mechanism and be to change, in case operating mechanism lost efficacy, thereby can cause the uncertainty that tolerates electric field strength between fixed contact and moving contact, the electrical breakdown position might at first take place between fixed contact and the moving contact, then connect short trouble in can forming mutually, and jeopardize the attendant's of possible false touch and load side safety.
5. economic worth height, promotion prospect is good.Product of the present invention uses with vacuum interrupter, can realize authentic cavitation, miniaturization, the solid insulationization of switch cubicle, replaces the sulphur hexafluoride inflating switch cabinet of hostile environment.
In sum, the present invention advanced person that possesses skills, reasonable in design, meet existing relevant criterion, compact conformation, electric life and mechanical endurance are long, safe and reliable height, have wide range of applications, the economic worth height, advantages such as promotion prospect is good, it is realizing connection, in the time of isolation and ground connection three functions, can realize in mechanism and configuration aspects: when the reduction in a single day of its vacuum degree is insulating capacity decline, electrical breakdown at first occurs between load side and the earth terminal, with leakage current, short circuit current flows into the earth, can guarantee the attendant's of possible false touch and load side safety, make the user believe that the vacuum insulation fracture has with air and the same security reliability of sulphur hexafluoride isolation fracture.
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the A-A cutaway view of Fig. 1.
Description of reference numerals:
The 1-static conductive rod; The 2-upper end cover; The last insulation shell of 3-;
The 4-fixed contact; The 5-grounding contact; Insulation shell under the 6-;
The 7-bellows; The 8-bottom end cover; The 9-fairlead;
The 10-moving conductive rod; The 11-moving contact; The 12-earth terminal;
13-grounding contact ring; The 14-shielding cylinder.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the present invention is made up of the vacuum chamber of inside band closed cavity and fixed contact assembly, moving contact component and the grounding contact 5 that is installed in the described vacuum chamber, and described vacuum chamber is connected to form successively by upper end cover 2, last insulation shell 3, shielding cylinder 14, following insulation shell 6 and bottom end cover 8 from top to bottom.Described fixed contact assembly comprises that static conductive rod 1 and the fixed contact 4 and the fixed contact 4 that are installed in static conductive rod 1 leading section are electrically connected with static conductive rod 1, described moving contact component comprises that moving conductive rod 10 and the moving contact 11 and the moving contact 11 that are installed in moving conductive rod 10 leading sections are electrically connected with moving conductive rod 10, the rear portion of described static conductive rod 1 is installed on the upper end cover 2, be set with fairlead 9 on the described moving conductive rod 10, moving conductive rod 10 is installed on the bottom end cover 8 by suit bellows 7 thereon, and the rear portion of moving conductive rod 10 from described vacuum chamber stretch out and with drive its operating mechanism of in vacuum chamber, doing straight reciprocating motion and join.Equal correspondence is provided with the electric interface of realizing the two electrical connection on described moving contact 11 and the fixed contact 4.Described grounding contact 5 comprises grounding contact ring 13 that is used with moving contact 11 and the earth terminal 12 that is electrically connected with grounding contact ring 13, moving contact 11 is between fixed contact 4 and grounding contact ring 13, and equal correspondence is provided with the electric interface of realizing the two electrical connection on moving contact 11 and the grounding contact ring 13.Described moving contact component is power end or load side, and the fixed contact assembly should be load side or power end mutually.Described moving contact 11 drives by described operating mechanism and do the straight line back and forth movement between fixed contact 4 and grounding contact ring 13, contact with fixed contact 4 and when realizing electrical connection, vacuum switch tube is in on-position when moving contact 11 moves to; When moving to, moving contact 11 contacts with grounding contact ring 13 and when realizing being electrically connected, vacuum switch tube is in earthing position; When described moving contact 11 all is in complete open position with fixed contact 4 and grounding contact ring 13, vacuum switch tube is in and disconnects the isolated location, and this moment moving contact 11 and fixed contact 4 between tolerance electric field strength be higher than between moving contact 11 and the grounding contact 5 or the tolerance electric field strength between fixed contact 4 and the grounding contact 5.
Tolerance electric field strength is the maximum field intensity level that dielectric can bear, and when the electric field strength on acting on dielectric (promptly acting on electric field strength) was higher than tolerance electric field strength, dielectric just can be breakdown; And the electric field strength on acting on dielectric is lower than when tolerating electric field strength, and dielectric just can be not breakdown.If because of certain reason (as vacuum chamber gas leakage, open apart from dwindling etc.) causes tolerance electric field strength to reduce, although the effect electric field strength of former permission is constant, dielectric still can be breakdown.Simultaneously, be to guarantee rated insulation level, between isolation fracture with the ground connection fracture between the size of tolerance electric field strength value should coordinate mutually with the insulation coordination relation stipulated in the respective standard.
In the actual use, when the turnover line mode of connection that adopts is: described moving contact component is that power end and fixed contact assembly should be load side mutually, and when moving contact 11 all is in complete open position with fixed contact 4 and grounding contact ring 13, vacuum switch tube is in and disconnects the isolated location, and the tolerance electric field strength between moving contact 11 and the fixed contact 4 is higher than the tolerance electric field strength between moving contact 11 and the grounding contact 5 at this moment.When the turnover line mode of connection that adopts is: described moving contact component is that load side and fixed contact assembly should be power end mutually, and when moving contact 11 all is in complete open position with fixed contact 4 and grounding contact ring 13, vacuum switch tube is in and disconnects the isolated location, and the tolerance electric field strength between moving contact 11 and the fixed contact 4 is higher than the tolerance electric field strength between fixed contact 4 and the grounding contact 5 at this moment.During physical cabling, with moving conductive rod 10 as power end or load side, and with static conductive rod 1 as load side or power end.
During actual processing and fabricating, for the vacuum switch tube of pressing scope among 3.6kV～4 0.5kV, tolerance electric field strength value between described moving contact 11 and the fixed contact 4, than the high at least m% of tolerance electric field strength value between moving contact 11 and the grounding contact 5 or between fixed contact 4 and the grounding contact 5, and m%=13%～16%.
During actual the use, the tolerance electric field strength size between described moving contact 11 fixed contacts 4 adjusts accordingly by the shape of opening distance and/or moving contact 11 and fixed contact 4 that changes between moving contact 11 and the fixed contact 4; Tolerance electric field strength size between described moving contact 11 and the grounding contact 5 adjusts accordingly by the shape of opening distance and/or moving contact 11 and grounding contact 5 that changes between moving contact 11 and the grounding contact 5; Tolerance electric field strength size between described fixed contact 4 and the grounding contact 5 adjusts accordingly by the shape of opening distance and/or fixed contact 4 and grounding contact 5 that changes between fixed contact 4 and the grounding contact 5.Thereby, when reality is carried out specific design to the vacuum switch tube internal structure,, the tolerance electric field strength numerical value between moving contact 11 and the fixed contact 4 is adjusted by changing the shape of opening distance and/or moving contact 11 and fixed contact 4 between moving contact 11 and the fixed contact 4; In like manner, by changing the shape of opening distance and/or moving contact 11 and grounding contact 5 between moving contact 11 and the grounding contact 5, the tolerance electric field strength numerical value between moving contact 11 and the grounding contact 5 is adjusted; By changing the shape of opening distance and/or fixed contact 4 and grounding contact 5 between fixed contact 4 and the grounding contact 5, the tolerance electric field strength numerical value between fixed contact 4 and the grounding contact 5 is adjusted.
To sum up, actual to (being isolation fracture) between moving contact 11 and the grounding contact 5 tolerance electric field strength numerical value and moving contact 11 and grounding contact 5 between or when the tolerance electric field strength numerical value of (being the ground connection fracture) is adjusted between fixed contact 4 and the grounding contact 5, be worth existing insulation coordination with reference to the lightning impulse withstand voltage of the isolation fracture of the middle defined of standard GB 311.1 " insulation coordination of high-tension power transmission and transformation equipment " and ground connection fracture and concern and adjust.And when tolerance electric field strength value is adjusted, realize by the shape of change electrode and the distance of opening between the related electrode.When measuring, must verify by repeatedly simulation software analysis of CAE electric field and prototype test to tolerating electric field strength and lightning impulse withstand voltage value before and after adjusting.
In standard GB 311.1 " insulation coordination of high-tension power transmission and transformation equipment ", the lightning impulse of isolation fracture and ground connection fracture is withstand voltage to exist certain insulation coordination relation.For example the withstand voltage lightning impulse than ground connection fracture of the lightning impulse of the isolation fracture of 12kV vacuum switch tube is withstand voltage high by 13.3%, it is withstand voltage higher approximately by 16% than the lightning impulse of ground connection fracture that the lightning impulse of the isolation fracture of 24kV and 40.5kV vacuum switch tube is withstand voltage, mean height 15%.So, for voltage is the middle pressure vacuum switch tube of 3.6kV～40.5kV, the tolerance electric field strength value of isolation fracture is than the high at least m% of lightning impulse withstand voltage of ground connection fracture, and m%=13%～16%, actual add man-hour can be according to actual needs, the amplitude that tolerance electric field strength between isolation fracture is exceeded the ground connection fracture adjusts accordingly, but the too high cost that can strengthen vacuum switch tube.Open determining of distance between the sectional area of described fixed contact 4, grounding contact ring 13, moving contact 11 and shielding cylinder 14, shape and the corresponding contact, not only to satisfy the rated current of passing through, the requirement of rated short-time current, also will satisfy the requirement of insulation coordination relation simultaneously.By electric field simulation analysis and verification experimental verification, guarantee that tolerance electric field strength value between isolation fracture is than the tolerance electric field strength value high at least 13%～16% between ground connection fracture.In the present embodiment, the tolerance electric field strength value of (being isolation fracture) between described moving contact 11 and the fixed contact 4 is higher by 13%～16% than the tolerance electric field strength value of (being the ground connection fracture) between moving contact 11 and the grounding contact 5 or between fixed contact 4 and the grounding contact 5; That is to say that the tolerance electric field strength value between described moving contact 11 and the fixed contact 4 is 1.13 times～1.16 times of tolerance electric field strength value between moving contact 11 and the grounding contact 5 or between fixed contact 4 and the grounding contact 5.
In the present embodiment, described grounding contact 5 is between last insulation shell 3 and following insulation shell 6, and grounding contact ring 13 is welded on the madial wall of shielding cylinder 14.Described fixed contact 4, moving contact 11 and grounding contact 5 all are coaxial laying with described vacuum chamber, and described moving contact 11 and fixed contact 4 are round pie, and described static conductive rod 1 and described moving conductive rod 10 are cylindrical rod member.Described upward insulation shell 3, following insulation shell 6 and shielding cylinder 14 are cylindric, and earth terminal 12 is fixed on the lateral wall of shielding cylinder 14, and the rear seal of static conductive rod 1 is fixed on the upper flange 2.Described fixed contact 4 is weldingly fixed on the static conductive rod 1, and described moving contact 11 is weldingly fixed on the moving conductive rod 10.
Described moving contact 11 is done the straight line back and forth movement by the drive of operating mechanism between fixed contact 4 and grounding contact ring 13, when moving contact 11 moves to when contacting with fixed contact 4, vacuum switch tube is in on-position; When moving contact 11 moves to when contacting with grounding contact ring 13, vacuum switch tube is in earthing position; When moving contact 11, fixed contact 4 and grounding contact ring 13 all are in off-state and the insulation that is in regulation open apart from the time, vacuum switch tube is in and disconnects the isolated location.
In the present embodiment, described moving conductive rod 10 is a power end, and static conductive rod 1 is a load side.That is to say that during physical cabling, moving conductive rod 10 joins with the power output end of power supply, static conductive rod 1 joins with the feeder ear of load equipment.The clearance for insulation that exists between described moving contact 11 and the fixed contact 4 forms the isolation fracture of vacuum switch tube, the clearance for insulation that exists between moving contact 11 and the grounding contact ring 5 forms the ground connection fracture of vacuum switch tube, and the tolerance electric field strength value between described isolation fracture is greater than the tolerance electric field strength value between the ground connection fracture.
In the present embodiment, because described moving contact 11 and fixed contact 4 are round pie, and grounding contact ring 13 is circular contact, and the tolerance electric field strength value between the internal circle line of the cylindrical sideline of moving contact 11 and shielding cylinder 14 then is greater than the tolerance electric field strength value between moving contact 11 and the fixed contact 4.That is to say the vacuum switch tube inside of made, the tolerance electric field strength value maximum between the cylindrical sideline of moving contact 11 and the internal circle line of shielding cylinder 14.
During actual processing and fabricating, earth short circuit current when set contact-making surface needs to bear vacuum switch tube and is in ground state on the described grounding contact 5, the sectional area of grounding contact ring 5 should be able to bear the earth short circuit current of regulation, and the sectional area of grounding contact ring 5 can be determined according to the formula of appendix D in the standard GB 3906 " 3.6～40.5kV ac metal closing switch gear and control appliance ".
Actually add man-hour, described fixed contact 4, moving contact 11 and grounding contact ring 13 are made by oxygen-free copper or chromiumcopper material.The material of last insulation shell 3 and following insulation shell 6 and shape, length have determined the external insulation performance of vacuum switch tube.The material of last insulation shell 3 and following insulation shell 6 is pottery or glass.When the vacuum switching tube was used for the solid insulation encapsulating structure, its outer surface was a light; During the air insulation structure, its outer surface should be has enough creepage corrugated full skirt than distance.
Because the conductive capability of oxygen-free copper is better than chromiumcopper, and the anti-melting welding ability of chromiumcopper is better than oxygen-free copper, can and whether possesses the splice grafting of closing ground short circuit function according to the big or small of short circuit withstand current during actual production and determine.In the present embodiment, fixed contact 4 and moving contact 11 are made by the chromiumcopper material, and static conductive rod 1, moving conductive rod 10, grounding contact ring 13 and shielding cylinder 14 are made by oxygenless copper material.
In the present embodiment, the face that form is on the macroscopic view that electrically contacts between moving contact 11 and fixed contact 4, the grounding contact ring 13 contacts.
When the present invention only uses as isolating switch, drop-out current by electric current and not only between moving contact 11 and the fixed contact 4.Because field coil is not set, so guide flow path is short, loop resistance is little.Earth terminal 12 should be able to be connected with the earth terminal of switch cubicle, and connection should be convenient and reliable.The welding position of the same insulation shell in the two ends of shielding cylinder 14 3 and following insulation shell 6 should be able to guarantee the air-tightness of vacuum switch tube, the active force the when while should be able to be born contact of earth.In addition, shielding cylinder 14 also has the effect of the switching tube internal electric field being carried out uniform electric field, thereby has strengthened the insulation stability between isolation fracture and ground connection fracture.
Specifically add man-hour, static conductive rod 1 and bellows 7 are welded on respectively on upper flange 2 and the lower flange 8, and moving conductive rod 10 welds mutually with bellows 7.Described insulation shell 3 and the following insulation shell 6 gone up) outer surface length should satisfy the requirement of external insulation or interface insulation.Described earth terminal 11 is installed on the lateral wall of shielding cylinder 14, and earth terminal 11 should be able to be connected with the earth terminal of metal-enclosed type switchgear, and is easy to connect reliable.The same insulation shell 3 in the two ends, the left and right sides of described shielding cylinder 14 closely is connected with following insulation shell 6, and should be able to guarantee the air-tightness of vacuum switch tube, the own impact strength of being made up of last insulation shell 3, shielding cylinder 14 and following insulation shell 6 simultaneously of vacuum chamber is bigger, the active force in the time of bearing contact of earth.
To sum up, in the present embodiment, vacuum chamber structure form of the present invention is the same with existing vacuum extinction pipe, has identical middle seal structure form and one-step seal-exhaust technology, and different is: the middle envelope position at last insulation shell 3 and following insulation shell 6 has increased grounding contact 5.On the grounding contact ring 13 of grounding contact 5 electric interface that docks with moving contact 11 is arranged, grounding contact ring 13 and shielding cylinder 14 are " T " shape hollow structure, and moving conductive rod 10 passes from the center of grounding contact ring 13.Simultaneously, as power end, static conductive rod 1 is as the mode of connection of load side with moving conductive rod 10 in employing.
Vacuum switch product for 12kV, according to standard code, its lightning impulse alternate, relatively is withstand voltage to be 75 kV, the lightning impulse of isolation fracture is withstand voltage to be 85 kV, size and their correlation distance by the diameter that repeatedly changes each contact, outside fillet, open apart from the back and carry out analysis of electric field and verification experimental verification, determine opening apart from being 9mm of ground connection fracture at last, the distance of opening of isolation fracture is 11mm, and the distance between the interior circle of the cylindrical of moving contact 4 and shielding cylinder 14 is 9.3 mm; The tolerance electric field strength value of ground connection fracture is 11.6kV/mm, and the tolerance electric field strength value of isolation fracture is 23kV/mm, high by 92% than ground connection fracture.Tolerance electric field strength difference up to 9 2% can be guaranteed: in case vacuum switch tube leaks gas, electrical breakdown is inevitable at first to be occurred between moving contact 11 and the grounding contact 5, and the leakage current of load side will flow into the earth.Expansion along with fault, leakage current might develop into short circuit accident, 4 three electrodes of moving contact 11 and grounding contact 5 and fixed contact will be all by arc short circuit, because grounding contact 5 has certain through-current capability, then short circuit current flows into the earth, and only have on the load side this moment is extremely low arc voltage over the ground.
The above; it only is preferred embodiment of the present invention; be not that the present invention is imposed any restrictions, everyly any simple modification that above embodiment did, change and equivalent structure changed, all still belong in the protection range of technical solution of the present invention according to the technology of the present invention essence.
Claims (8)
1. station vacuum switch tube, be made up of the vacuum chamber of inside band closed cavity and fixed contact assembly, moving contact component and the grounding contact (5) that is installed in the described vacuum chamber, described vacuum chamber is connected to form successively by upper end cover (2), last insulation shell (3), shielding cylinder (14), following insulation shell (6) and bottom end cover (8) from top to bottom; Fixed contact (4) and fixed contact (4) that described fixed contact assembly comprises static conductive rod (1) and is installed in static conductive rod (1) leading section are electrically connected with static conductive rod (1), moving contact (11) and moving contact (11) that described moving contact component comprises moving conductive rod (10) and is installed in moving conductive rod (10) leading section are electrically connected with moving conductive rod (10), the rear portion of described static conductive rod (1) is installed on the upper end cover (2), be set with fairlead (9) on the described moving conductive rod (10), moving conductive rod (10) is installed on the bottom end cover (8) by suit bellows (7) thereon, and the rear portion of moving conductive rod (10) from described vacuum chamber stretch out and with drive its operating mechanism of in vacuum chamber, doing straight reciprocating motion and join; Described moving contact (11) and fixed contact (4) are gone up equal correspondence and are provided with the electric interface of realizing the two electrical connection, it is characterized in that: described grounding contact (5) comprises grounding contact ring (13) that is used with moving contact (10) and the earth terminal (12) that is electrically connected with grounding contact ring (13), moving contact (11) is positioned between fixed contact (4) and the grounding contact ring (13), and equal correspondence is equipped with the electric interface of realizing the two electrical connection on moving contact (11) and the grounding contact ring (13); Described moving contact component is power end or load side, and the fixed contact assembly should be load side or power end mutually; Described moving contact (11) drives by operating mechanism and does not do the straight line back and forth movement between (13) at fixed contact (4) and grounding contact ring, contacts with fixed contact (4) and when realizing electrical connection, vacuum switch tube is in on-position when moving contact (11) moves to; When moving to, moving contact (11) contacts with grounding contact ring (13) and when realizing being electrically connected, vacuum switch tube is in earthing position; When described moving contact (11) and fixed contact (4) and grounding contact ring (13) when all being in complete open position, vacuum switch tube is in and disconnects the isolated location, and this moment moving contact (11) and fixed contact (4) between tolerance electric field strength be higher than between moving contact (11) and the grounding contact (5) or the tolerance electric field strength between fixed contact (4) and the grounding contact (5).
2. according to the described a kind of three station vacuum switch tubes of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the tolerance electric field strength value between described moving contact (11) and the fixed contact (4), than the high at least m% of tolerance electric field strength value between moving contact (11) and the grounding contact (5) or between fixed contact (4) and the grounding contact (5), and m%=1 3%～1 6%.
3. according to the described a kind of three station vacuum switch tubes of claim 2, it is characterized in that: the tolerance electric field strength value between described moving contact (11) and the fixed contact (4), than between moving contact (11) and the grounding contact (5) or the tolerance electric field strength value between fixed contact (4) and the grounding contact (5) high by 1 3%～1 6%; Tolerance electric field strength value between described moving contact (11) and the fixed contact (4) is 1.13 times～1.16 times of tolerance electric field strength value between moving contact (11) and the grounding contact (5) or between fixed contact (4) and the grounding contact (5).
4. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described a kind of three station vacuum switch tubes, it is characterized in that: the tolerance electric field strength size between described moving contact (11) and the fixed contact (4) adjusts accordingly by the shape of opening distance and/or moving contact (11) and fixed contact (4) that changes between moving contact (11) and the fixed contact (4); Tolerance electric field strength size between described moving contact (11) and the grounding contact (5) adjusts accordingly by the shape of opening distance and/or moving contact (11) and grounding contact (5) that changes between moving contact (11) and the grounding contact (5); Tolerance electric field strength size between described fixed contact (4) and the grounding contact (5) adjusts accordingly by the shape of opening distance and/or fixed contact (4) and grounding contact (5) that changes between fixed contact (4) and the grounding contact (5).
5. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described a kind of three station vacuum switch tubes, it is characterized in that: described grounding contact (5) is positioned between insulation shell (3) and the following insulation shell (6), and grounding contact ring (13) is welded on the madial wall of shielding cylinder (14).
6. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described a kind of three station vacuum switch tubes, it is characterized in that: described fixed contact (4), moving contact (11) and grounding contact (5) all are coaxial laying with described vacuum chamber, described moving contact (11) and fixed contact (4) are round pie, and described static conductive rod (1) and described moving conductive rod (10) are cylindrical rod member.
7. according to the described a kind of three station vacuum switch tubes of claim 6, it is characterized in that: described insulation shell (3), following insulation shell (6) and the shielding cylinder (14) gone up is cylindric, earth terminal (12) is fixed on the lateral wall of shielding cylinder (14), and the rear seal of static conductive rod (1) is fixed on the upper flange (2).
8. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described a kind of three station vacuum switch tubes, it is characterized in that: described fixed contact (4), moving contact (11) and grounding contact ring (13) are made by oxygen-free copper or chromiumcopper material.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201110055298 CN102157297B (en) | 2011-03-09 | 2011-03-09 | Three-station vacuum switch tube |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201110055298 CN102157297B (en) | 2011-03-09 | 2011-03-09 | Three-station vacuum switch tube |
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| CN102157297A true CN102157297A (en) | 2011-08-17 |
| CN102157297B CN102157297B (en) | 2013-12-18 |
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| CN103367021A (en) * | 2013-07-27 | 2013-10-23 | 北海银河开关设备有限公司 | Solid insulating isolating grounding switch |
| CN103681090A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-03-26 | 国家电网公司 | Quick vacuum circuit breaker |
| CN108133862A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-06-08 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of series compensation type current-limiting apparatus and method for interlocking vacuum switch and application |
| CN108205076A (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2018-06-26 | 苏宇宁 | Lightning protection potential difference test method |
| CN113611550A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-11-05 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Fast mechanical switch for bearing large current |
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| CN113611550A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-11-05 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Fast mechanical switch for bearing large current |
| CN113611550B (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2023-06-30 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Quick mechanical switch for bearing large current |
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