CN108132229A - Based on time-multiplexed TDLAS Gases Dissolved in Transformer Oil component measurement system - Google Patents
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Abstract
Based on time-multiplexed TDLAS Gases Dissolved in Transformer Oil component measurement system, it is related to a kind of Gases Dissolved in Transformer Oil component measurement system, to solve the gasmetry of transmission spectra method, measurement accuracy is low easily caused by by background gas cross jamming, time of measuring is long, the problem of measuring environment is limited, it includes switching relay group, laser group, fiber optic splitter, collimating mirror, hollow optic fibre gas chamber, temperature sensor, temperature controller, focalizer, vacuum pump, emission-control equipment, photodetector, preamplifier, lock-in amplifier, A/D converters, I/O converters, laser controller and embedded computer；The signal wire of embedded computer is connect with I/O converters and A/D converter device.For transformer oil dissolved gas composition measurement of the present invention.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Gases Dissolved in Transformer Oil component measurement systems, belong to field of gas detection.
Background technology
In transformer fault detection, Gas in Oil of Transformer detection is the weight means for judging transformer insulated failure.
One of sturdy power grid power supply reliability is played an important role.Gases Dissolved in Transformer Oil, which detects current method, mainly to be had:
Gas chromatography, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Engine by Using Laser Photoacoustic Spectroscopy, array gas sensor method, Semiconductor gas sensors
Sensor method, TCD Thermal Conductivity sensor methods.Tunable diode laser absorption spectrometry method (TDLAS) is the narrow linewidth using laser
Characteristic and tunable characteristic scan the characteristic absorpting spectruming line of tested gas, so as to fulfill the qualitative and quantitative measurment of trace gas.
TDLAS can exclude cross jamming of other gas spectral lines under test gas spectral line.Hollow optic fibre long light path designs and harmonic wave inspection
Survey technology can reach PPB magnitude more than precision.
For TDALAS detecting systems compared with on-line chromatograph, TDALAS does not consume sample, do not need to expendable carrier gas and
The chromatographic column of aging easy to pollute and complicated air-path control system, sensitivity more high cost are also sufficiently low.With FTIR Fouriers
It is infrared to compare, it is most prominent the characteristics of be that can directly measure H2Volume fraction.The optics changed with all measurement transit doses
Method is compared, and TDLAS directly can measure uptake and greatly improve detection sensitivity.
Therefore the advantage of TDLAS methods is compared with other methods：Environmental gas interference is small；Detectivity is high general
PPB magnitudes can be reached；Measuring speed is less than 60 seconds soon；It can be with application on site.Its sensitivity drift can be protected under normal temperature condition
Card was less than 1% in 200 years.The stingy pond that hollow optic fibre is formed easily quickly is cleared up, and can effectively avoid optical measurement because of optics
Surface contamination and the error introduced.The technology is also recent domestic research hotspot and main flow direction simultaneously.
Invention content
The present invention is that measurement accuracy is low easily caused by by background gas cross jamming to solve the gasmetry of transmission spectra method,
The problem of time of measuring is long, and measuring environment is limited, and then one kind is provided and is based on dissolving in time-multiplexed TDLAS transformer oil
Gas componant measuring system.
The technical scheme is that：Based on time-multiplexed TDLAS Gases Dissolved in Transformer Oil component measurement system
Including switching relay group, laser group, fiber optic splitter, collimating mirror, hollow optic fibre gas chamber, temperature sensor, temperature control
Device, focalizer, vacuum pump, emission-control equipment, photodetector, preamplifier, lock-in amplifier, A/D converters, I/O
Converter, laser controller and embedded computer；
The signal wire of embedded computer is connect with I/O converters and A/D converter device, the signal all the way of I/O converters
Output terminal is connected with switching relay group, the another way signal output ends of I/O converters by laser controller and conversion after
Electric appliance group is connected, and switching relay group is connect with laser group, and laser group output terminal is connected by optical fiber and fiber optic splitter
It connects, collimating mirror is mounted on gas chamber entry port, and fiber optic splitter output optical fibre connects collimating mirror, and output light source is indoor through gas
It after hollow optic fibre repeatedly reflects reflection, is projected from exit ports to focalizer, focalizer is connect with photodetector, and output is poly-
Defocused laser is received by photodetector, photodetector output terminal connection preamplifier input terminal, and preamplifier is defeated
Outlet is connected to lock-in amplifier input terminal, and lock-in amplifier output terminal is connected with A/D converter；
Temperature controller is connect with temperature sensor, and temperature sensor is positioned in gas chamber, and embedded computer receives A/D
The signal of converter output simultaneously carries out data analysis with arranging, and vacuum pump is connected with gas chamber gas outlet, emission-control equipment with very
Sky pump is connected.
Further, laser group is multiple Distributed Feedback Lasers.
Further, photodetector is InGaAs detectors.
Further, time-multiplexed TDLAS Gases Dissolved in Transformer Oil component measurement system further includes fiber coupling
Device, the collimated light source that collimated mirror exports after collimating connect the optical path pool of composition with fiber coupler into hollow optic fibre, pass through
Repeatedly after refraction reflection, projected from exit ports to focalizer.
Present invention advantageous effect compared with prior art is：The present invention devises tool using TDLAS technologies with hollow optic fibre
Background gas cross jamming, the concentration that can detect Multiple components gas (6 kinds) simultaneously, measurement accuracy lower limit can be eliminated by, which having, reaches PPB
The small 60s of magnitude, time of measuring, temperature, pressure amendment can be carried out to adapt to the method for severe measuring environment.
This method can effectively eliminate background gas cross jamming and can detect the concentration of multiple components gas simultaneously again, measure essence
Spend height, convenience of calculation, response soon, in severe measuring environment, temperature, pressure amendment can be introduced and advanced optimize measurement.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is Dissolved Gases in Transformer Oil detection work flow diagram.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Illustrate referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, based on time-multiplexed TDLAS Gases Dissolved in Transformer Oil component measurement system packet
Include switching relay group 101, laser group 102, fiber optic splitter 103, collimating mirror 104, hollow optic fibre gas chamber 106, temperature
It is sensor 108, temperature controller 107, focalizer 121, vacuum pump 119, emission-control equipment 118, photodetector 115, preceding
Put amplifier 112, lock-in amplifier 111, A/D converters 109, I/O converters 113, laser controller 114 and embedded
Computer 110；
The signal wire of embedded computer 110 is connect with I/O converters 113 and A/D converter device 109, I/O converters
113 signal output end all the way is connected with switching relay group 101, and the another way signal output end of I/O converters 113 passes through
Laser controller 114 is connected with switching relay group 101, and switching relay group 101 is connect with laser group 102, laser
102 output terminals of group are connect by optical fiber with fiber optic splitter 103, and collimating mirror 104 is mounted on 117 entry port of gas chamber, optical fiber point
103 output optical fibre of beam device connects collimating mirror 104, output light source after the refraction reflection of the hollow optic fibre in gas chamber 117 more than 106 times,
It is projected from exit ports to focalizer 121, focalizer 121 is connect with photodetector 115, and the laser after output focusing is by light
Electric explorer 115 receives, and 115 output terminal of photodetector connection 112 input terminal of preamplifier, preamplifier 112 exports
End is connected to 111 input terminal of lock-in amplifier, and 111 output terminal of lock-in amplifier is connected with A/D converter 109；Temperature controller
107 connect with temperature sensor 108, and temperature sensor 108 is positioned in gas chamber 117, and embedded computer 110 receives A/D and turns
The signal of the output of parallel operation 109 simultaneously carries out data analysis with arranging, and vacuum pump 119 is connected with 117 gas outlet of gas chamber, exhaust-gas treatment
Device 118 is connected with vacuum pump 119.Laser group 102 be multiple Distributed Feedback Lasers, preferably 5.It has extraordinary monochrome
Property (i.e. spectral purity), its line width can generally accomplish within 1MHz and touch inhibition ratio with very high side
(SMSR), it may be up to more than 40-50dB at present.Embedded computer is the industrial computer with store function and touch screen.
In order to ensure functional reliability, 117 air inlet of gas chamber also sets up flowmeter 116, facilitates the gas detected into air inlet chamber 117
Flow.
Present embodiment measuring principle
The foundation of present embodiment measuring principle is the foundation stone of absorption spectrum, and Beer-Lambert laws, light beam is through sample
After the transmission of product gas molecule, light intensity changes, and expression formula is：
I in formula0(λ) be light intensity of incident light, It(λ) is the light intensity of transmitted light, and α (λ) is unit concentration, unit at frequency lambda
Gas is to the absorption coefficient of light under length,Absorption cross-section C for gas molecule is the volume fraction of gas, and N is gas point
Subnumber density, L are the optical path length that gas absorbs light path.Absorbance expression formula is：
Gas concentration is bigger, also bigger to the attenuation of light, therefore, can measure gas to the attenuation of laser by measuring gas
Bulk concentration.
The absorption line of gas is the broadening in the range of certain frequency, then the frequency that we are covered an absorption line
Overall absorption section in the range of rate is defined as the intensity of spectral line S (T):
For given molecular absorption line, the value is related with temperature T, and absorption cross-section is with the strong relationship of line：
Wherein g (Δ λ) is the normalization linear function for absorbing line spectrum.Thus to that can integrate and can obtain in entire frequency domain：
Therefore, the concentration of gas can calculate
Wavelength-modulation technique is selected to reduce the interference of measuring system Middle and low frequency noise, improves sensitivity.To echo signal into
Row high frequency modulated, that is, a high frequency sinusoidal modulated signal (setting frequency as f) is superimposed on laser low-frequency sweep signal,
The instantaneous frequency v (t), which is calculated, is：
For laser optical frequency corresponding to scanning signal, a is v (t) cheapDeviate maximum value, the i.e. corresponding frequency of modulated signal
Rate modulation amplitude.
The intensity of laser can be changed correspondingly because of wavelength change, under anti-phase, by Fourier space transmitted light
It is represented by by force：
Wherein,For Fourier coefficient of the absorption coefficient after modulated.By the way that the modulated signal of wavelength is inputted
Into lock-in amplifier, it is possible to obtain the signal of each harmonic component, odd harmonic is zero in core position, and even
Rd harmonic signal by chance decays in center amplitude maximum and with number increase on the contrary, believes according to the second harmonic demodulated
The concentration of number determining gas.It is calculated according to formula (9) and formula (10)：
It will thus be seen that when linear function does not change under certain application conditions, HkWith gas concentration χiAnd light path
The product of L is directly proportional.Change due to the amplitude of second harmonic signal is not with detectable signal phase drift, so assuming in measuring
Without phase drift between the detection signal and reference signal of detector.Second harmonic is all used in most of wavelength modulated applications
The X-component of signal, and the phase offset of detectable signal is adjusted to 0 (phase difference of signal and reference are adjusted to 0).So
And because Laser Modulation phase offset and intensity modulation phase are cheaply influenced, harmonic signal is combined by 5 Fourier components
It influences, therefore measures the absolute magnitude value of second harmonic signal with lock-in amplifier and measured to simplify, and remove detection phase
It influences.
Wherein, G is the gain of photodetector system.R is the absolute magnitude of second harmonic.
In the measurement of big modulation depth, need to measure second harmonic background signal and by it from the signal that gas absorbs
It deducts, the signal (absorption-based 2f signal) so as to only be absorbed.The second harmonic letter only absorbed
Number amplitude S2fAlso it is not related with the phase of detection system, it is calculated by following formula：
If intensity modulation is also linear, i.e. i2=0, equation simplification is Philippe and Hanson models, is only included
Frequency modulation(PFM) and the phase difference of intensity modulation.Equation can be reduced to
It is further simplified, i.e., phase deviation is assumed to be π, then has
General simplified model based on second harmonic when i.e. atmosphere gas detects.
In the center position of spectral line, the odd items of each vertical its Fourier coefficients of absorption line is for 0 so wave
The amplitude of long signal is approximate：
When linear function does not change in surveyed gas component range applications, S2f(v0) and under test gas concentration χabsAnd
The product of light path L is directly proportional.
For detection of gas with multiple constituents, realized using the time-division multiplex technology based on Time share scanning to multicomponent gas
Detection in real time.
Multiple gases are covered to the maximum extent by a laser to ensure to look into premised on having good unimodality as far as possible again
The absorption line read is as shown in the table：
In these types of gas, there are following several assembled schemes：
CO、CO2Absorption line it is closest, be separated by less than 0.2nm, can be realized simultaneously with a DFB type laser
Scanning； CH4、C2H6It is separated by less than 0.1nm, a DFB type laser scans can be used；Other two kinds of gas C2H4、C2H2It is each personal
Individual laser scans, because tunable laser on the market can only tune 2-3nm, it is impossible to the so wide light of covering
Spectral limit.Need 5 lasers in total in this way.Switching relay group is controlled to switch over by I/O by embedded computer,
Sequence realizes the control to each Distributed Feedback Laser, thus measuring beam is selected to imported into inspection successively from a series of laser
Light path is surveyed, realizes the timesharing sequence detection to multicomponent gas.
Measurand is the multicomponent gas for having various concentration, and TDLAS technologies can effectively be kept away when absorption line is chosen
The cross jamming of most gas is opened, and for small portion of gas, there are still the gas concentrations of cross jamming, only cross jamming
It when minimum, can ignore, if concentration increases, interference strength will be more apparent therewith, so needing to divide from intersection spectral line
Separate out the absorption line of tested gas.
Firstly for target, multiple characteristic absorption peaks of each gas and the information of intensity are obtained, in each feature
Equation is established at peak：
A=RC (17)
A=[A (v in formula1),LA(vi)]T, R=[α1,L,αn]αn=[αn(v1),Lαn(vi)]TC=[C1L,L,CnL]T,
According to least square method, formula 13 can be：
C=(RTR)-1RTA (18)
In the measurements, L immobilizes, so for constant.
This method can effectively eliminate background gas cross jamming and can detect the concentration of multiple components gas simultaneously again, measure essence
Spend height, convenience of calculation, response soon, in severe measuring environment, temperature, pressure amendment can be introduced and advanced optimize measurement.
In order to cost-effective, all laser are all controlled (electric current and temperature) by a set of laser controller, by embedded
Computer 110 controls switching relay group 101 to switch over by I/O converters 113, and sequence is realized to each DFB laser
The control of device controls the laser controller 114 of laser preferably to use the ITC5022 type Distributed Feedback Lasers of THORLABS companies, laser
Device current margin：0-200mA, precision：± 0.05%.Preferably, photodetector 115 is InGaAs detectors.It selects
The PDA10CS photodetectors of THORLABS companies, wave-length coverage：800-1700nm；Peak response： 0.95A/W；It is maximum defeated
Go out electric current：100mA；Output voltage：0-10V；
In the above embodiment, as another embodiment, dissolved in a kind of time-multiplexed TDLAS transformer oil
Gas componant measuring system further includes fiber coupler 105, the collimated light source that collimated mirror 104 exports after collimating, and entrance is hollow
Optical fiber 106 connect the optical path pool of composition with fiber coupler 105, after repeatedly reflecting reflection, is projected from exit ports to focusing
Device 121.Two hollow optic fibres 106 are connected to optical path pool by fiber coupler 105.InGaAs detectors and one of light
Fine coupler is connected, and fiber optic splitter is mounted on gas chamber entry port with connecting collimating mirror, collimating mirror, and output laser is through gas chamber
After multiple reflections, project from exit ports, received by InGaAs detectors.It is molten in a kind of time-multiplexed TDLAS transformer oil
Solution gas component measurement system further includes electrochemical sensor group 120, and electrochemical sensor group 120 is mounted on going out for gas chamber 117
It is connected at gas port and with vacuum pump 119.Electrochemical sensor group 120 detects the gas after scanning in gas chamber 117, passes through vacuum
Pump 119 is handled into emission-control equipment 118.
It is Europe that fiber optic splitter 103 and fiber coupler 105, which are wavelength division multiplexer temperature controller 107 together, in present embodiment
Nurse dragon temp controlled meter, A/D converter are data collecting cards：Altay usb2850, preamplifier 11 and photodetector 115
It is made into integration.Laser controller is preferably itc5022, and hollow-core fiber is preferably with JTHWEH100013001550, Beijing Shou Liang sections
Skill limited company.Wherein, core diameter 1000um, covering thickness 1300um, outer diameter 1550um.
The course of work
It, will be obtained by Oil-gas Separation technology when dissolved gas detects in carrying out transformer insulation oil (abbreviation transformer oil)
Gas is poured in system gas chamber 117, and embedded computer 111 sends out signal, is received by I/O converters 113, so as to send out two
Road signal, all the way signal send to switching relay group 101, another way signal is received by laser controller 114, so as to convert after
Electric appliance group 101 sends out signal and Distributed Feedback Laser group 102 is controlled, and sequentially unlatches and closes, and laser controller 114 is to laser
102 additional high signal of device group is so as to coordinate laser group 102 be scanned to sample to be tested, so as to make each laser
102 send out the semiconductor laser beam of specific wavelength, and the output tail optical fiber of laser group 102 is through fiber optic splitter 103, collimated mirror
104, the collimation hot spot formed after collimation, into hollow optic fibre 106 and fiber coupler group 105 into optical path pool, through repeatedly anti-
After penetrating, sequentially six kinds of gases are scanned respectively, temperature sensor 108 detects 109 temperature of gas chamber, by temperature controller 107
Gas indoor temperature is controlled, gained signal remittance line focus device 121 gathers on InGaAs detectors 115 later；Detector
The signal input preamplifier 112 of 115 outputs, and then enter back into the signal end of lock-in amplifier 111, lock-in amplifier
111 harmonic signals obtained enter A/D converter 109, and gained signal is inputted into embedded computer 110, embedded computer
110 pairs of data are handled, so as to obtain accurate gas concentration value.Most electrochemical sensor module 120 passes through vacuum at last
Pump 119 is handled into emission-control equipment 118.
The present invention is disclosed as above with preferred embodiment, however be not limited to the present invention, any to be familiar with this profession
Technical staff, without departing from the scope of the present invention, technical spirit according to the present invention do more than case study on implementation
Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification, still belong to technical solution of the present invention range.
Claims (5)
1. based on time-multiplexed TDLAS Gases Dissolved in Transformer Oil component measurement system, it is characterised in that：It includes conversion
Relay group (101), laser group (102), fiber optic splitter (103), collimating mirror (104), hollow optic fibre gas chamber (106), temperature
Spend sensor (108), temperature controller (107), focalizer (121), vacuum pump (119), emission-control equipment (118), photoelectricity
Detector (115), lock-in amplifier (111), A/D converters (109), I/O converters (113), swashs at preamplifier (112)
Light device controller (114) and embedded computer (110)；
The signal wire of embedded computer (110) is connect with I/O converters (113) and A/D converter device (109), I/O converters
(113) signal output end all the way is connected with switching relay group (101), the another way signal output end of I/O converters (113)
It is connected by laser controller (114) with switching relay group (101), switching relay group (101) and laser group (102)
Connection, laser group (102) output terminal are connect by optical fiber with fiber optic splitter (103), and collimating mirror (104) is mounted on gas chamber
(117) entry port, fiber optic splitter (103) output optical fibre connection collimating mirror (104), output light source is through in gas chamber (117)
Hollow optic fibre (106) repeatedly after refraction reflection, is projected from exit ports to focalizer (121), focalizer (121) and photodetection
Device (115) connects, and the laser after output focuses on is received by photodetector (115), before the connection of photodetector (115) output terminal
Amplifier (112) input terminal is put, preamplifier (112) output terminal is connected to lock-in amplifier (111) input terminal, and lock mutually amplifies
Device (111) output terminal is connected with A/D converter (109)；
Temperature controller (107) is connect with temperature sensor (108), and temperature sensor (108) is positioned in gas chamber (117), embedding
Enter formula computer (110) receive A/D converter (109) export signal and carry out data analysis with arrange, vacuum pump (119) with
Gas chamber (117) gas outlet is connected, and emission-control equipment (118) is connected with vacuum pump (119).
It is 2. special according to claim 1 based on time-multiplexed TDLAS Gases Dissolved in Transformer Oil component measurement system
Sign is：Laser group (102) is multiple Distributed Feedback Lasers.
It is 3. special according to claim 2 based on time-multiplexed TDLAS Gases Dissolved in Transformer Oil component measurement system
Sign is：Photodetector (115) is InGaAs detectors.
4. time-multiplexed TDLAS Gases Dissolved in Transformer Oil composition measurement system is based on according to claim 1,2 or 3
System, it is characterised in that：The time-multiplexed TDLAS Gases Dissolved in Transformer Oil component measurement system further includes fiber coupling
Device (105), the collimated light source that collimated mirror (104) exports after collimating, into hollow optic fibre (106) and fiber coupler (105)
The optical path pool of composition is connected, after repeatedly reflecting reflection, is projected from exit ports to focalizer (121).
It is 5. special according to claim 4 based on time-multiplexed TDLAS Gases Dissolved in Transformer Oil component measurement system
Sign is：The time-multiplexed TDLAS Gases Dissolved in Transformer Oil component measurement system further includes electrochemical sensor group
(120), electrochemical sensor group (120) is connected at the gas outlet of gas chamber (117) and with vacuum pump (119).
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| CN115326752A (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2022-11-11 | 湖南五凌电力科技有限公司 | Gas concentration calibration method and device |
| CN115494020A (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2022-12-20 | 湖南五凌电力科技有限公司 | Trace gas detection method, device and system |
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