CN108130531A - Laser reactive cladding Cr7C3Ceramics enhancing iron base composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Laser reactive cladding Cr7C3Ceramics enhancing iron base composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108130531A CN108130531A CN201711419137.0A CN201711419137A CN108130531A CN 108130531 A CN108130531 A CN 108130531A CN 201711419137 A CN201711419137 A CN 201711419137A CN 108130531 A CN108130531 A CN 108130531A
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- cladding
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of laser reactive cladding Cr7C3 ceramics enhancing iron base composite material and preparation method thereof, wherein, the preparation method of laser reactive cladding Cr7C3 ceramics enhancing iron base composite material includes the following steps：S1 selects metal material to polish described matrix surface, clean as matrix；S2, one layer of bottoming cladding layer of described matrix surface cladding after polishing is cleaned；S3, it is (35 according to Cr powder and C powder mass ratio as cladding material to select Cr powder and C powder：4)~(11：10) carry out being mixed to form cladding powder, by binding agent by the cladding powder coating in the bottoming clad layer surface of described matrix to form preset coating；Using laser beam as heat source, Laser Cladding Treatment is carried out to form Cr7C3 ceramics cladding layers to the preset coating by S4, obtains Cr7C3 ceramics enhancing iron base composite material.The laser reactive cladding Cr7C3 ceramics enhancing iron base composite material of the embodiment of the present invention has the excellent performances such as heat-resisting, anti-corrosion, wear-resisting, high rigidity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to material chemistry technical fields, and in particular, to a kind of laser reactive cladding Cr7C3 ceramics enhancing
Iron base composite material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Early in the end of the eighties in last century, surface engineering technology is just classified as by US Department of Commerce influences 21 century human lives'
One of seven big key technologies, with Life Sci-Tech, information technology, computer science and technology, new material technology, new energy technology
It is arranged side by side with advanced manufacturing technology.In recent years, China also pays much attention to laser surface engineering technology, and table has been widened in the appearance of this technology
The field of face modification technology especially shows very high potential in terms of wear-resistant cladding layer is prepared, becomes Surface Engineering
The hot spot of area research.At present, Laser Surface Modification Technology is mainly used for machinery, metallurgy, automobile, agricultural machinery, oil, textile machine
Component and accessory in industry etc..In existing material, although metal material hard alloy has high intensity, the good toughness etc. excellent
Point, but its non-refractory, corrosion resistance are poor；And ceramic material hardness is high, wearability is good, but its toughness is inadequate, easily opens
It splits.
With the continuous development of science, requirement and performance of the people for material are higher and higher, the single homogeneous material of tradition
Material has been difficult to the needs for meeting actual production.Since the destruction of parts is often since surface, the local failure on surface again can
Lead to the global failure of part.
The entitled Laser cladding of laser melting coating English, also referred to as coating produced by laser cladding, by adding cladding material in substrate surface
Material, using high energy density laser beam by the alloy of heterogeneity and performance and base material surface layer rapid melting, and in substrate surface
Formed has entirely different ingredient and the cladding layer of performance with base material.Laser melting coating skill as one of Laser Surface Modification Technology
Art is suitable for the surface layer modification of each metalloid and repairs.Laser melting and coating technique can keep former coating composition, only in reflow zone and base
There is very limited phase diffusion zone in the intersection of body, and this diffusion region is exactly to realize that the metallurgical binding of cladding layer and matrix must
Must.Meanwhile laser melting and coating technique can be excellent so as to obtain high performance cladding powder coating in common substrate material surface
The surface fused coating of characteristic, such as the cladding layer of heat-resisting, anti-corrosion, wear-resisting shock resistance excellent performance.However existing parts because
Its surface cladding material it is single so that using laser melting and coating technique reparation parts during component surface often
Cracked, the problems such as coating is uneven.Therefore, the good NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE of heat-resisting, anti-corrosion, wear-resisting, high rigidity, mechanical property is developed
Material is imperative.
Invention content
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of preparation side of laser reactive cladding Cr7C3 ceramics enhancing iron base composite material
Method.
The present invention also proposes a kind of system for enhancing iron base composite material according to laser reactive cladding Cr7C3 ceramics described above
Laser reactive Cr7C3 ceramics made from Preparation Method enhance iron base composite material.
In order to solve the above technical problems, present invention employs following technical schemes：
The preparation of the laser reactive cladding Cr7C3 ceramics enhancing iron base composite material of embodiment according to a first aspect of the present invention
Method includes the following steps：
S1 selects metal material to polish described matrix surface, clean as matrix；
S2, the described matrix surface after polishing is cleaned set one layer of bottoming cladding layer；
S3 is (35 according to Cr powder and C powder mass ratio：4)~(11：10) Cr powder and C powder are weighed and be mixed to form molten
Whiting end, by binding agent by the cladding powder coating in the bottoming clad layer surface to form preset coating；
S4 using laser beam as heat source, carries out Laser Cladding Treatment to form Cr7C3 ceramic melts to the preset coating
Coating obtains being increased by the Cr7C3 ceramics that described matrix, the bottoming cladding layer and the Cr7C3 ceramics cladding layer are formed
Strong iron base composite material.
Further, in the step S3, the mass ratio of the Cr powder and C powder is 91:9.
Preferably, in the step S4, the sweep speed of the laser is 1.0mm/s~2.0mm/s.
Further, the sweep speed of the laser is 1.5mm/s.
Preferably, the laser power of the laser beam be 2500W, defocusing amount 20mm, rectangular light spot size for 6mm ×
1.5mm。
Preferably, the bottoming cladding layer material is Ni60 self-melting alloy.
Preferably, the binding agent is shellac.
Preferably, described matrix material is metallic steel.
Further, it is specifically included in the step S3：
S31 is (35 according to Cr powder and C powder mass ratio：4)~(11：10) Cr powder and C powder are weighed, by load weighted Cr powder
It is mixed with C powder and grinds uniformly to form cladding powder in spherical grinder；
S32 adds in appropriate shellac bond into the cladding powder, stirs evenly to form paste, beaten coated in described
Precoating bisque is formed on the clad layer surface of bottom, precoating powder layer thickness is about 0.5mm~2mm；
The described matrix for being pre-coated with the precoating bisque is put into drying box by S33, dries 120 points in being 100 DEG C in temperature
It is bell into preset coating.
A kind of laser reactive cladding Cr7C3 ceramics enhancing iron base composite material of embodiment leads to according to a second aspect of the present invention
The preparation method for crossing the enhancing iron base composite material of the laser reactive cladding Cr7C3 ceramics described in above-described embodiment is made.
The above-mentioned technical proposal of the present invention one of at least has the following effects that：
(1) clad layer surface appearance is smooth, uniformly continuous and with bright metallic luster.
(2) surface property of basis material is improved.
(3) good metallurgical binding can be presented in cladding layer and matrix, improve the bond strength of cladding layer and matrix.
(4) hardness of cladding layer and matrix, wearability are improved.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the laser reactive cladding Cr7C3 ceramics of the embodiment of the present invention enhance the stream of iron base composite material preparation method
Cheng Tu；
Fig. 2 is that the laser reactive cladding Cr7C3 ceramics of the embodiment of the present invention enhance the cladding layer of iron base composite material not
Under the conditions of sweep speed, macro morphology figure；
Fig. 3 is that the laser reactive cladding Cr7C3 ceramics of the embodiment of the present invention enhance iron base composite material in different scanning speed
The XRD spectrum of clad layer surface when spending；
Fig. 4 is Cr-C and the Fe-C free energy of the embodiment of the present invention and the graph of relation of temperature；
Fig. 5 is that the laser reactive cladding Cr7C3 ceramics of the embodiment of the present invention enhance the cladding layer cross section of iron base composite material
Micro-hardness testing figure；
Fig. 6 is the curve graph of the friction coefficient wearing- in period variation of the matrix and cladding coating of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Purpose, technical scheme and advantage to make the embodiment of the present invention are clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
Attached drawing, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described.Obviously, described embodiment is this hair
Bright part of the embodiment, instead of all the embodiments.Based on described the embodiment of the present invention, ordinary skill
Personnel's all other embodiments obtained, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Specifically describing laser reactive cladding Cr7C3 ceramics according to embodiments of the present invention with reference to attached drawing first below enhances iron
Based composites and preparation method thereof.
As shown in Figure 1, the system of laser reactive cladding Cr7C3 ceramics enhancing iron base composite material according to embodiments of the present invention
Preparation Method, including：
S1 selects metal material to polish described matrix surface, clean as matrix.
Specifically, it can be metallic steel that metal material, which is, such as Q235 steel, be polished with sand paper matrix surface, removal
The oxide and greasy dirt on surface, and cleaned up with acetone so that metal material comes into full contact with bottoming cladding material.
S2, the described matrix surface after polishing is cleaned set one layer of bottoming cladding layer.
Preferably, bottoming cladding layer material is Ni60 self-fluxing alloyed powders, and Ni60 self-fluxing alloyed powders have good
Toughness, corrosion resistance, wearability and inoxidizability, and help to improve the wetability between bottoming cladding layer and matrix.
S3 is (35 according to Cr powder and C powder mass ratio：4)~(11：10) Cr powder and C powder are weighed and be mixed to form molten
Whiting end, by binding agent by the cladding powder coating in the bottoming clad layer surface to form preset coating.
That is, using Cr powder and C powder as cladding material, chromium powder is silver gray powder of solid particles, and matter is hard and crisp,
Corrosion resistance is strong, and carbon dust is a kind of nonmetalloid, is the solid of odorless, tasteless.Such as unformed coke, charcoal, crystal carbon
Diamond and graphite etc..
The selection of binding agent needs to have, and can be easier to cladding dusty material to be coated on matrix surface and easily apply to brush flat
It is whole, easily gasify or decompose in laser action, and easily discharged from molten bath, do not hinder the formation of ceramic cladding layer and influence it
Quality, and binding agent moisture-free.
Specifically, it is (35 according to mass ratio by Cr powder and C powder：4)~(11：10) it carries out being mixed to form cladding powder, to
Appropriate shellac bond is added in the cladding powder, stirs evenly to form paste, the bottoming cladding layer coated in described matrix
Precoating bisque is formed on surface, precoating powder layer thickness is about 0.5mm~2mm.
S4 using laser beam as heat source, carries out Laser Cladding Treatment to form Cr7C3 ceramic melts to the preset coating
Coating obtains being increased by the Cr7C3 ceramics that described matrix, the bottoming cladding layer and the Cr7C3 ceramics cladding layer are formed
Strong iron base composite material.
In other words, in laser cladding process, using laser beam as heat source, the table of the matrix to being pre-coated with cladding powder
Face carry out Laser Cladding Treatment, wait molten baths solidify after obtain ceramic cladding layer, the ceramics cladding layer with it is heat-resisting, anti-corrosion, wear-resisting,
Many excellent performances such as high rigidity.Single track cladding and multiple tracks melting and coating process can be used as needed.
Laser reactive cladding Cr7C3 ceramics enhancing iron base composite material according to embodiments of the present invention is detailed below,
It is made by the preparation method for enhancing iron base composite material by the laser reactive cladding Cr7C3 ceramics described in above-described embodiment.
The composite material of the embodiment of the present invention makes Cr powder by the way that laser melting and coating technique is combined with situ synthesis techniques
Chemical reaction in-situ preparation Cr7C3 ceramic enhancement phases are carried out with C powder, cladding layer, wherein cladding are formed in metal material surface
Layer includes bottoming cladding layer and ceramic cladding layer, and the cladding layer appearance uniform is continuous and more smooth, and with high rigidity, wear-resisting
The characteristics of.
Technical research personnel to enable this field are better understood from technical scheme of the present invention, with reference to embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment：
The basis material that the present embodiment is selected is Q235 steel, and cladding powder is Cr powder and C powder, according to chemical equation (1)
7Cr+3C→Cr7C3 (1)
By Cr powder and C powder in mass ratio 91:9 (atomic weight of Cr be 52, C 12, i.e., molar ratio be 7:3) proportioning mixing is carried out,
And ground in spherical grinder uniformly, it is by the powder after ball milling after mixing, by the use of shellac solution as binding agent that its is pre-
Matrix surface is applied to, preset coating thickness is about 1mm.
The present embodiment uses laser equipment as SLC -20 × 30D type digital control laser multifunctional processors, major technique ginseng
Number：Machining area is X-axis 3000mm, Y-axis 2000mm, Z axis 600mm；Digital control system CNC models PMC-2000；Complete machine power consumption
100kVA；Mechanical dimensions 6500mm × 3500mm × 3500mm.Laser technical parameters are as follows：Laser power is 2500W, defocusing amount
For 20mm, rectangular light spot size is 6mm × 1.5mm, sweep speed 1.0mm/s, 1.5mm/s, 2mm/s progress laser melting coating with
Three kinds of cladding layers are obtained, by following experiments, the cladding layer under three kinds of different conditions is analyzed.
If Fig. 2 is the macro morphology of cladding layer under the conditions of different scanning speed.From (a) sweep speed 1.0mm/ of Fig. 2
S, (b) sweep speed 1.5mm/s and (c) sweep speed 2.0mm/s are different as it can be seen that under conditions of other technological parameters are certain
Sweep speed, the cladding layer pattern that is obtained is different.Wherein when laser scanning speed is 1.5mm/s, clad layer surface is most
To be smooth and smooth, and there is bright metallic luster, clad layer surface quality is preferable.When sweep speed is 1.0mm/s and V=
During 2.0mm/s, clad layer surface is slightly coarse.Q235 steel surfaces laser melting coating Cr7C3 ceramic particle Fe radicle enhancings close as a result,
Gold by sweep speed, can obtain that appearance is smooth, and the cladding layer of uniformly continuous.Preferably, laser scanning speed is
During 1.5mm/s, the macro morphology of cladding layer is best.
Fig. 3 is the XRD diagram of Q235 steel surface Cr7C3 ceramic particle Fe radicle enhancing laser cladding layers under different scanning speed
Spectrum.As seen from Figure 3, cladding layer is mainly by Cr7C3 and (Fe, Ni) phase composition.When sweep speed is 1.0mm/s, in cladding layer
The diffraction maximum of Cr7C3 and (Fe, Ni) phase is presented, but diffraction maximum is weaker.When sweep speed is 1.5mm/s, in cladding layer
The diffraction maximum of Cr7C3 and (Fe, Ni) phase is stronger.With the increase of sweep speed, as sweep speed 2.0mm/s, cladding layer
XRD spectrum diffraction maximum weakens, this is because sweep speed is very fast, the molten bath lost of life, between the element in molten bath the reaction time contract
It is short, the Cr7C3 ceramic enhancement phases of generation is caused to reduce.It follows that under the conditions of suitable sweep speed, laser reactive is utilized
Melting and coating technique is reacted by the in-situ authigenic of Cr powder and C powder in Q235 steel surface laser synthesizing Cr7C3 ceramics cladding layers.
If Fig. 4 is Cr-C and Fe-C free energys and the graph of relation of temperature, Cr7C3 as shown in Figure 4 is ratio in molten bath
The phase relatively stablized and be readily synthesized, and Fe3C is hardly produced or content is seldom.
Fig. 5 is the micro-hardness testing figure of cladding layer cross section, as shown in figure 5, being enhanced by above-mentioned Cr7C3 ceramic particles
The microhardness analysis of iron based laser cladding layer cross section is it is found that cladding layer has higher hardness.
Fig. 6 is the curve graph of the friction coefficient wearing- in period variation of matrix and cladding coating, as shown in fig. 6, Cr7C3
The friction coefficient of ceramic particle Fe radicle enhancing laser melting coating layer surface is relatively stable in entire wear process, and cladding layer has very
High wearability.
It follows that the laser reactive cladding Cr7C3 ceramics enhancing iron base composite material of the present invention has appearance smoothly,
Clad layer surface even continuous and that there is bright metallic luster, and cladding layer has high, the wear-resisting characteristic of hardness.
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those skilled in the art
For, without departing from the principles of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications
It should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of laser reactive cladding Cr7C3 ceramics enhancing iron base composite material, which is characterized in that including as follows
Step：
S1 selects metal material to polish described matrix surface, clean as matrix；
S2, the described matrix surface after polishing is cleaned set one layer of bottoming cladding layer；
S3 is (35 according to Cr powder and C powder mass ratio：4)~(11：10) Cr powder and C powder are weighed and carries out being mixed to form cladding powder
End, by binding agent by the cladding powder coating in the bottoming clad layer surface to form preset coating；
S4 using laser beam as heat source, carries out the preset coating Laser Cladding Treatment to form Cr7C3 ceramics cladding layers,
It obtains enhancing iron-based by the Cr7C3 ceramics that described matrix, the bottoming cladding layer and the Cr7C3 ceramics cladding layer are formed
Composite material.
2. the preparation method of laser reactive cladding Cr7C3 ceramics enhancing iron base composite material according to claim 1, special
Sign is, in the step S3, the mass ratio of the Cr powder and C powder is 91:9.
3. the preparation method of laser reactive cladding Cr7C3 ceramics enhancing iron base composite material according to claim 1, special
Sign is, in the step S4, the sweep speed of the laser is 1.0mm/s~2.0mm/s.
4. the preparation method of laser reactive cladding Cr7C3 ceramics enhancing iron base composite material according to claim 3, special
Sign is that the sweep speed of the laser is 1.5mm/s.
5. the preparation method of the laser reactive cladding Cr7C3 ceramics enhancing iron base composite material according to claim 1 or 3,
It is characterized in that, the laser power of the laser beam is 2500W, defocusing amount 20mm, rectangular light spot size is 6mm × 1.5mm.
6. the preparation method of laser reactive cladding Cr7C3 ceramics enhancing iron base composite material according to claim 1, special
Sign is that the bottoming cladding layer material is Ni60 self-melting alloy.
7. the preparation method of laser reactive cladding Cr7C3 ceramics enhancing iron base composite material according to claim 1, special
Sign is that the binding agent is shellac.
8. the preparation method of laser reactive cladding Cr7C3 ceramics enhancing iron base composite material according to claim 1, special
Sign is that described matrix material is metallic steel.
9. the preparation method of laser reactive cladding Cr7C3 ceramics enhancing iron base composite material according to claim 1, special
Sign is that the step S3 is specifically included：
S31 is (35 according to Cr powder and C powder mass ratio：4)~(11：10) Cr powder and C powder are weighed, by load weighted Cr powder and C powder
It mixes and grinds uniformly to form cladding powder in spherical grinder；
S32 adds in appropriate shellac bond into the cladding powder, stirs evenly to form paste, melted coated in the bottoming
Precoating bisque is formed on clad surface, precoating powder layer thickness is about 0.5mm~2mm；
The described matrix for being pre-coated with the precoating bisque is put into drying box by S33, dries 120 minutes shapes in being 100 DEG C in temperature
Into preset coating.
10. a kind of laser reactive cladding Cr7C3 ceramics enhance iron base composite material, which is characterized in that by claim 1 to 9
The preparation method of laser reactive cladding Cr7C3 ceramics enhancing iron base composite material described in any one claim is made.
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| CN109402630A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-03-01 | 上海万泽精密铸造有限公司 | Laser reactive cladding TiC ceramics enhance iron base composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN110918978A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-03-27 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Reinforcing phase reinforced composite powder with functional layer for use in fusing technology, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114657558A (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2022-06-24 | 济宁矿业集团海纳科技机电股份有限公司 | Coal mining machine transmission shaft with modified surface and processing method |
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Cited By (3)
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| CN109402630A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-03-01 | 上海万泽精密铸造有限公司 | Laser reactive cladding TiC ceramics enhance iron base composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN110918978A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-03-27 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Reinforcing phase reinforced composite powder with functional layer for use in fusing technology, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114657558A (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2022-06-24 | 济宁矿业集团海纳科技机电股份有限公司 | Coal mining machine transmission shaft with modified surface and processing method |
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Application publication date: 20180608 |