CN108127342B - Preparation process of high-precision copper and copper alloy medium plate - Google Patents

Abstract

A preparation process of a high-precision copper and copper alloy medium plate comprises the following process flow steps of burdening → smelting → covering → casting → ingot casting heating → hot rolling → surface milling → pre-finish rolling annealing → finished product rolling → finished product straightening → finished product cleaning and passivation → finished product drying → finished product shearing → packaging and warehousing; the milling surface of the invention adopts low-speed milling surface, and the non-woven fabric is padded after the face washing, thereby preventing scratching, reducing surface defects, and changing the shearing control mode by the shearing of the length of the finished product: the weight of the finished product cut by the flying shears is changed into the weight of the finished product cut by the flying shears, and about 10m of finished product is added in each batch of rolls; the plate is cut according to the length by a thick band shear, and the width of the finished product is cut by a precision saw, so that the width precision and the production efficiency of the medium plate are improved; according to the invention, by adjusting the process flow, the problems of scratching, scratching and gnawing of the conventional medium plate in the production process are solved, and the precision of the appearance size of the medium plate and the production efficiency are greatly improved.

Description

Preparation process of high-precision copper and copper alloy medium plate

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of nonferrous metal processing, in particular to a preparation process of a high-precision copper and copper alloy medium plate.

Background

The high-precision copper and copper alloy medium plate is a product with a copper plate material of more than 3.0mm, has the characteristics of high electric conductivity, high heat conductivity and high strength, and is continuously applied to industries such as nuclear energy, electric power, rail transit, precision electronics and the like; the requirements of the surface quality and the external dimension of the high-precision copper and copper alloy medium plate are far higher than the range specified by the national standard.

At present, the copper and copper alloy medium plate with the thickness of more than 3.0mm is mainly made of blanks produced by a block type production method in China, and the method of block type lifting and soaking is commonly adopted for cleaning, so that the problems of inconvenient operation, large energy and material consumption, frequent adjustment, high cost and the like exist; a domestic medium-thickness plate belt type production method is to cut finished products through a cutting machine line, most of blanks adopt thick copper belts which are not annealed after cold rolling, residual emulsion, oxidized dust and other dirt are remained on the surfaces of the thick copper belts, if copper plates are not cleaned cleanly, residual solid particles and carbide can be formed on the surfaces of the copper belts after cutting, the surface quality of the copper belts of the residues influences the normal use of high-end customers, and because the belts are thick and high in strength, the conditions of scratching, scratching and gnawing appear in the cutting process, and the subsequent use and processing of the customers are greatly influenced; how to reduce surface scratches and cracks and improve the appearance size precision of copper alloy medium and thick plate strips in the production process becomes a technical problem which is difficult to solve for a long time.

In view of the above, a process for preparing a high-precision copper and copper alloy medium plate has been developed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a preparation process of a high-precision copper and copper alloy medium plate.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a preparation process of a high-precision copper and copper alloy medium plate comprises the following process flow steps of burdening → smelting → covering → casting → ingot casting heating → hot rolling → surface milling → pre-finish rolling annealing → finished product rolling → finished product straightening → finished product cleaning and passivation → finished product drying → finished product shearing → packaging and warehousing;

step one, batching: one or the combination of two of electrolytic copper or zinc ingots is adopted and put into a smelting furnace;

step two, smelting: smelting in an induction furnace, wherein the smelting temperature is as follows: 1100-1300 ℃;

step three, covering: in the smelting process, charcoal is adopted to cover the liquid level of the melt in the furnace;

step four, casting: casting the smelted liquid ingot at the speed of 3-10 m/h;

fifthly, ingot casting heating: heating the ingot by a stepping heating furnace at 855-890 ℃;

sixth, hot rolling: cogging and hot rolling the heated cast ingot on hot rolling equipment, wherein the total processing rate of the hot rolled strip blank is more than or equal to 90 percent;

step seven, milling the surface: milling the surface of the strip blank on a double-sided milling machine, controlling the milling speed to be 4-7 m/min, and lining non-woven fabrics after milling the surface of the strip to prevent scratching and reduce surface defects;

eighthly, pre-finish rolling: pre-finish rolling the milled strip blank on a blooming mill;

ninth, pre-finish rolling annealing: performing intermediate annealing on the pre-finish rolled strip blank on an annealing furnace, and annealing by adopting a bell type furnace at the annealing temperature of 400-560 ℃ for 4-10 hours; 75% high hydrogen atmosphere is adopted for protection in annealing;

step ten, rolling finished products: carrying out precision rolling on the pre-precision rolled and annealed strip blank by using a rolling mill to obtain a finished strip blank, rolling the finished strip blank by adopting a small processing rate of 9-16% and a constant tension of 790-1210 Kg in the last rolling pass, controlling the thickness tolerance and the plate shape, using a de-emulsifying device in the last rolling pass, and lining non-woven fabrics to prevent oxidation and scratching;

step eleven, straightening a finished product: straightening a finished product belt blank, wherein the finished product straightening comprises pre-straightening and fine straightening, and the fine straightening adjusts the rolling reduction according to the thickness and the coefficient according with the specification;

step ten, cleaning and passivating finished products: cleaning the surface of the finished straightened strip blank by using two pairs of brushes according to a method of spraying water at a specified angle; the corrosion and color change of the strip are prevented by using a low-concentration benzotriazole solution, the low-concentration benzotriazole solution is formed by proportioning a passivation solution and deionized water, and the working temperature is kept at 50-90 ℃;

step ten, drying finished products: drying and cleaning the passivated surface of the belt blank by utilizing high-pressure air with second gear power or third gear power;

fourteenth, cutting a finished product: the traditional method that the weight of the cut finished product is calculated from the beginning of flying shears is changed into the method that the weight of the cut finished product is calculated from the position of the head-cutting shears, the dried strip blank is cut into the strip blank meeting the specified length at the position of the head-cutting shears, the strip blank with the cut length is well stacked, and the plate with the cut length is sawn into the plate with the cut length meeting the specified width by a precision saw;

and fifteenth step, packaging and warehousing: and packaging and warehousing the finished medium plate after the finished medium plate is qualified through inspection.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the milling surface of the invention adopts low-speed milling surface, and the non-woven fabric is padded after the face washing, thereby preventing scratching, reducing surface defects, and changing the shearing control mode by the shearing of the length of the finished product: the weight of the finished product cut by the flying shears is changed into the weight of the finished product cut by the flying shears, and about 10m of finished product is added in each batch of rolls; the optimization process comprises the following steps: plates with the widths of not 600mm and 1000mm are cut according to the length by a thick belt shear, and the width of a finished product is sawed by a precision saw, so that the width precision and the production efficiency of the medium plate are improved; the thickness specification of the medium plate produced by the invention can reach 3.0-10.0 mm, the width specification can reach 650-1000 mm, and the dimensional tolerance is as follows: the dimensional tolerance precision improves by a wide margin, compares with the apparent dimensional tolerance of current medium plate:

according to the invention, by adjusting the process flow, the problems of scratching, scratching and gnawing of the conventional medium plate in the production process are solved, and the precision of the appearance size of the medium plate and the production efficiency are greatly improved.

Drawings

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples and embodiments:

example 1

The conductive frame product for the electric control cabinet is used for producing the TU1 with the specification of 8.0 x 1000 x 2000mm, and has good comprehensive performance, good surface quality and strict tolerance size requirement;

the copper plate has the technical requirements that:

brand number TU1

Specification of the copper plate: 8.0X 1000X 1500mm

The state is as follows: hard state

The performance requirements are as follows: rm is more than or equal to 295MPa

Tolerance requirements are as follows: the thickness tolerance is 0-0.2mm, and the width tolerance is +/-2 mm

Step one, batching: electrolytic copper is adopted and put into a smelting furnace;

step two, smelting: smelting in an induction furnace, wherein the smelting temperature is as follows: 1130-1200 ℃;

step three, covering: in the smelting process, charcoal is adopted to cover the liquid level of the melt in the furnace;

step four, casting: manufacturing the liquid ingot after smelting at a speed of 4-8 m/h;

fifthly, ingot casting heating: heating the ingot by a stepping heating furnace at 860-880 ℃;

sixth, hot rolling: cogging and hot rolling the heated cast ingot on hot rolling equipment, wherein the total processing rate of the hot rolled strip blank is more than or equal to 90 percent;

step seven, milling the surface: milling the surface of the strip blank on a double-sided milling machine, controlling the milling speed to be 5-6 m/min, and lining non-woven fabrics after milling the surface of the strip to prevent scratching and reduce surface defects;

eighthly, pre-finish rolling: pre-finish rolling the milled strip blank on a blooming mill;

ninth, pre-finish rolling annealing: performing intermediate annealing on the pre-finish rolled strip blank on an annealing furnace, and annealing by adopting a bell-type furnace at the annealing temperature of 420-450 ℃ for 5-8 hours; 75% high hydrogen atmosphere is adopted for protection in annealing;

step ten, rolling finished products: carrying out precision rolling on the pre-precision rolled and annealed strip blank by using a rolling mill to obtain a finished strip blank, rolling the finished strip blank by adopting a small processing rate of 10-15% and a constant tension of 800-1200 Kg in the last process of rolling the finished product, controlling the thickness tolerance and the plate shape, using a de-emulsifying device in the last process, and lining non-woven fabrics to prevent oxidation and scratching;

step eleven, straightening a finished product: straightening a finished product belt blank, wherein the finished product straightening comprises pre-straightening and fine straightening, and the fine straightening adjusts the rolling reduction according to the thickness and the coefficient according with the specification;

step ten, cleaning and passivating finished products: cleaning the surface of the finished straightened strip blank by using two pairs of brushes according to a method of spraying water at a specified angle; the corrosion and color change of the strip are prevented by using a low-concentration benzotriazole solution, the low-concentration benzotriazole solution is formed by proportioning a passivation solution and deionized water, and the working temperature is kept at 55-85 ℃;

step ten, drying finished products: drying and cleaning the passivated surface of the belt blank by using high-pressure air with third-gear power;

fourteenth, cutting a finished product: the traditional method that the weight of the cut finished product is calculated from the beginning of flying shears is changed into the method that the weight of the cut finished product is calculated from the position of the head-cutting shears, the dried strip blank is cut into the strip blank meeting the specified length at the position of the head-cutting shears, the strip blank with the cut length is well stacked, and the plate with the cut length is sawn into the plate with the cut length meeting the specified width by a precision saw;

and fifteenth step, packaging and warehousing: and packaging and warehousing the finished medium plate after the finished medium plate is qualified through inspection.

Example 2

H65 with the specification of 6.1 multiplied by 1000 multiplied by 3000mm is produced for architectural decoration, the surface quality requirement is good, and the tolerance size requirement is strict;

the copper plate has the technical requirements that:

brand number H65

Specification of the copper plate: 6.1X 1000X 3000mm

The state is as follows: soft state (M)

The performance requirements are as follows: rm is more than or equal to 300MPa, A is 11.3 is more than or equal to 50 percent

Tolerance requirements are as follows: the thickness tolerance is 0-0.2mm, and the width tolerance is +/-1 mm

Step one, batching: putting electrolytic copper and zinc ingots into a smelting furnace;

step two, smelting: smelting in an induction furnace, wherein the smelting temperature is as follows: 1100-1220 ℃;

step three, covering: in the smelting process, charcoal is adopted to cover the liquid level of the melt in the furnace; after covering, carrying out a converter, carrying out melt flaming in a smelting furnace for 2-4 times when the converter is prepared to be converted into a holding furnace, and transferring molten copper in the smelting furnace into the holding furnace after the melt flaming is finished; covering the melt for the second time by using charcoal in the heat preservation furnace, wherein the covering thickness is 150-200 mm;

step four, casting: manufacturing the liquid ingot after smelting at a speed of 4-9 m/h;

fifthly, ingot casting heating: heating the ingot by a stepping heating furnace at 865-880 ℃;

sixth, hot rolling: cogging and hot rolling the heated cast ingot on hot rolling equipment, wherein the total processing rate of the hot rolled strip blank is more than or equal to 90 percent;

step seven, milling the surface: milling the surface of the strip blank on a double-sided milling machine, controlling the milling speed to be 5-6 m/min, and lining non-woven fabrics after milling the surface of the strip to prevent scratching and reduce surface defects;

eighthly, pre-finish rolling: pre-finish rolling the milled strip blank on a blooming mill;

ninth, pre-finish rolling annealing: performing intermediate annealing on the pre-finish rolled strip blank on an annealing furnace, and annealing by adopting a bell-type furnace at the annealing temperature of 510-540 ℃ for 6-9 hours; 75% high hydrogen atmosphere is adopted for protection in annealing;

step ten, rolling finished products: carrying out precision rolling on the pre-precision rolled and annealed strip blank by using a rolling mill to obtain a finished strip blank, rolling the finished strip blank by adopting a small processing rate of 10-15% and a constant tension of 800-1200 Kg in the last process of rolling the finished product, controlling the thickness tolerance and the plate shape, using a de-emulsifying device in the last process, and lining non-woven fabrics to prevent oxidation and scratching;

step eleven, straightening a finished product: straightening a finished product belt blank, wherein the finished product straightening comprises pre-straightening and fine straightening, and the fine straightening adjusts the rolling reduction according to the thickness and the coefficient according with the specification;

step ten, cleaning and passivating finished products: cleaning the surface of the finished straightened strip blank by using two pairs of brushes according to a method of spraying water at a specified angle; the corrosion and color change of the strip are prevented by using a low-concentration benzotriazole solution, the low-concentration benzotriazole solution is formed by proportioning a passivation solution and deionized water, and the working temperature is kept at 55-85 ℃;

step ten, drying finished products: drying and cleaning the passivated surface of the belt blank by using high-pressure air with third-gear power;

fourteenth, cutting a finished product: the traditional method that the weight of the cut finished product is calculated from the beginning of flying shears is changed into the method that the weight of the cut finished product is calculated from the position of the head-cutting shears, the dried strip blank is cut into the strip blank meeting the specified length at the position of the head-cutting shears, the strip blank with the cut length is well stacked, and the plate with the cut length is sawn into the plate with the cut length meeting the specified width by a precision saw;

and fifteenth step, packaging and warehousing: and packaging and warehousing the finished medium plate after the finished medium plate is qualified through inspection.

Claims (1)

1. A preparation process of high-precision copper and copper alloy medium plates is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the process flow comprises the steps of material preparation → smelting → covering → casting → ingot heating → hot rolling → surface milling → pre-finish rolling annealing → finished product rolling → finished product straightening → finished product cleaning and passivation → finished product drying → finished product shearing → packaging and warehousing;

step one, batching: one or the combination of two of electrolytic copper or zinc ingots is adopted and put into a smelting furnace;

step two, smelting: smelting in an induction furnace, wherein the smelting temperature is as follows: 1100-1300 ℃;

step three, covering: in the smelting process, charcoal is adopted to cover the liquid level of the melt in the furnace;

step four, casting: casting the smelted liquid ingot at the speed of 3-10 m/h;

fifthly, ingot casting heating: heating the ingot by a stepping heating furnace at 855-890 ℃;

sixth, hot rolling: cogging and hot rolling the heated cast ingot on hot rolling equipment, wherein the total processing rate of the hot rolled strip blank is more than or equal to 90 percent;

step seven, milling the surface: milling the surface of the strip blank on a double-sided milling machine, controlling the milling speed to be 4-7 m/min, and lining non-woven fabrics after milling the surface of the strip to prevent scratching and reduce surface defects;

eighthly, pre-finish rolling: pre-finish rolling the milled strip blank on a blooming mill;

ninth, pre-finish rolling annealing: performing intermediate annealing on the pre-finish rolled strip blank on an annealing furnace, and annealing by adopting a bell type furnace at the annealing temperature of 400-560 ℃ for 4-10 hours; 75% high hydrogen atmosphere is adopted for protection in annealing;

step ten, rolling finished products: carrying out precision rolling on the pre-precision rolled and annealed strip blank by using a rolling mill to obtain a finished strip blank, rolling the finished strip blank by adopting a small processing rate of 9-16% and a constant tension of 790-1210 Kg in the last rolling pass, controlling the thickness tolerance and the plate shape, using a de-emulsifying device in the last rolling pass, and lining non-woven fabrics to prevent oxidation and scratching;

step eleven, straightening a finished product: straightening a finished product belt blank, wherein the finished product straightening comprises pre-straightening and fine straightening, and the fine straightening adjusts the rolling reduction according to the thickness and the coefficient according with the specification;

step ten, cleaning and passivating finished products: cleaning the surface of the finished straightened strip blank by using two pairs of brushes according to a method of spraying water at a specified angle; the corrosion and color change of the strip are prevented by using a low-concentration benzotriazole solution, the low-concentration benzotriazole solution is formed by proportioning a passivation solution and deionized water, and the working temperature is kept at 50-90 ℃;

step ten, drying finished products: drying and cleaning the passivated surface of the belt blank by utilizing high-pressure air with second gear power or third gear power;

fourteenth, cutting a finished product: the traditional method that the weight of the cut finished product is calculated from the beginning of flying shears is changed into the method that the weight of the cut finished product is calculated from the position of the head-cutting shears, the dried strip blank is cut into the strip blank meeting the specified length at the position of the head-cutting shears, the strip blank with the cut length is well stacked, and the plate with the cut length is sawn into the plate with the cut length meeting the specified width by a precision saw;

and fifteenth step, packaging and warehousing: and packaging and warehousing the finished medium plate after the finished medium plate is qualified through inspection.

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