CN108124703A - One kind is used for heavy-metal contaminated soil plantlet of transplant method - Google Patents
One kind is used for heavy-metal contaminated soil plantlet of transplant method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108124703A CN108124703A CN201711382859.3A CN201711382859A CN108124703A CN 108124703 A CN108124703 A CN 108124703A CN 201711382859 A CN201711382859 A CN 201711382859A CN 108124703 A CN108124703 A CN 108124703A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
- B09C1/105—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes using fungi or plants
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to remediation contaminated soil technical fields, particularly a kind of to be used for heavy-metal contaminated soil plantlet of transplant method.The present invention changes the planting patterns of existing heavy metal phytoremediation completely, is cultivated in advance without greenhouse repairing plant, can direct kind of implantation heavy-metal contaminated soil, to soil heavy metal ion concentration no requirement (NR), significantly reduce plantation difficulty.Mud and nutrient soil are dipped on the outside of plant, forms plant cultivating freestanding environment, is sprouted convenient for plant.Plant mixed soil outer layer covers filament, filametntary package action prevents uncontaminated soil to scatter and disappear while can ensure that moisture flows into uncontaminated soil layer, root system passes through filament to carry out phytoremediation to heavy-metal contaminated soil after plant sprouts, and n plant survival rate and Metal uptake ability can be substantially improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to remediation contaminated soil technical fields, particularly a kind of to be used for heavy-metal contaminated soil plantlet of transplant side
Method.
Background technology
With the continuous development of global economy, what heavy metal pollution of soil had become that global environment quality faces main asks
Topic, mankind's activity（Exploitation of mineral resources, metal smelt, sanitary wastewater discharge, use of chemical fertilizer and pesticide etc.）Greatly accelerate weight
The biogeochemical cycle of metal makes the heavy metal in environment increase heavy metal in ever-increasing trend and be good for the mankind
The harm of health.When being more than its capacity in the environment into the heavy metal in environment, you can lead to the generation of heavy metal pollution.
Heavy metal contaminants are persistent pollutant, and the harm of environment and human body is difficult to eliminate.Heavy metal have chemical activity it is strong,
The features such as migration is big, toxicity is lasting is difficult degradation in the environment, and accumulation, migration in the soil not only cause soil
Composition, structure, changes of function, additionally it is possible to inhibit crop root effect and photosynthesis, crop failure is caused even to have no harvest, it is heavier
What is wanted is that heavy metal is migrated into the human body by food chain, accumulates gradually in human body, causes the chronic heavy metal poisoning of human body, lead
Kidney, liver, lung, bone, reproductive organs, immune system, cardiovascular system injury are caused, health is caused greatly to endanger
Evil.
At present, heavy metal-polluted soil recovery technique is broadly divided into phytoremediation, microorganism remediation, physical chemistry reparation and agricultural
Engineering Remediation Techniques.Phytoremediation is that contaminated soil is repaired using plant and its rhizosphere microbial, is planted by super accumulation
Object（Bu Shi front yards mustard, half Karma chrysanthemum etc.）The absorption of heavy metal in soil is shifted, phytoremediation can be divided into plant extract, plant is waved
Three hair, plant stability classifications；Microorganism remediation refers to using the naturally occurring or functional microorganism group that manually cultivates, promote or
The metabolism of enhancement microbiological is repaiied so as to reach to reduce in soil toxic pollutant activity or be degraded into the biology of innocuous substance
Recovering technology.The repair mechanisms of microorganism mainly have biological adsorption, bioconversion and microorganism to the redox of heavy metal ion,
Dissolving, methylation；Physical chemistry reparation includes electro reclamation, Soil leaching etc., and electric repairing technique is mainly by weight
Metallic pollution soil both sides apply DC electric field and form electric-force gradient, and heavy metal contaminants are brought to electrode both ends, so as to reach
Clean the purpose of contaminated soil.Soil leaching is by using leacheate or containing the solution that can improve heavy metal soluble reagents
Contaminated soil is eluted, the heavy metal in solid phase of soil is transferred in liquid phase, then with compound or the moon containing certain ligand
Ion forms relatively stable complex compound with heavy metal or generation precipitates；Agriculture project recovery technique refers to the side using physical mechanical
Method makes contaminated topsoil with not contaminated living soil covering or goes after skim-coat polluted soil to plough lower soil
The method for making to activate.Engineering Remediation Techniques mainly have soil removal and replacement, soil moved in improve the original, deep ploughing to dig.
Above heavy metal recovery technique has certain heavy metal repairing effect, but its also respectively have in practical applications it is scarce
Point.The reparation floristics of phytoremediation technology is limited, and its reparation speed is slower, and accumulation plurality of heavy metal plant is managed again
The problems such as be also limit phytoremediation technology large-scale promotion principal element；Microorganism remediation technology is general only to individually a kind of
The adsorption effect of heavy metal is preferable, and since microorganism organism is smaller, and the heavy metal amount of reparation is also less, therefore this is also limited
The application of large area field repair is carried out using microorganism；Electric repairing technique at present also in the experimental study stage, and because
There is also a series of limiting factors in practical applications for the physicochemical property difference of different soils；Soil leaching technical operation is answered
It is miscellaneous, expensive；Agriculture project recovery technique needs to consume a large amount of manpower, financial resources, and big to soil disturbance.
By taking phytoremediation as an example, existing method is mostly cultivated in advance using greenhouse repairing plant, plant strain growth
It after developing into seedling, then transplants to heavy metal pollution plot and carries out soil remediation, transplanting causes cost to be substantially increased, and is difficult to realize
Mass phytoremediation is at testing or planting experimentally on a small scale state at this stage, repairs and greatly differ from each other with idealization.It is if straight
It connects and plant is seeded in heavy-metal contaminated soil, plant is difficult that germination germination percentage is extremely low, plant part germinated plantlet very
Difficulty is grown up, since plant does not grow really under heavy metal ion environment, it is difficult to play Metal uptake effect.
Invention content
The present invention solve prior art deficiency provide a kind of survival rate height, mass, scale for heavy metal pollution
Soil and plants method for transplanting.
The present invention solve technical solution that its technical problem uses for：
One kind includes the following steps for heavy-metal contaminated soil plantlet of transplant method：
A, prefabricated mixed soil
Never pollution plot takes uncontaminated soil spare, and excrement of animals and composite fertilizer are added in uncontaminated soil, is uniformly mixed；
B, mud is prepared
Part mixed soil is taken, adds water stirring that mud is made；
C, plant dips mud
Root system of plant is put into mud, plant root dips mud；
D, plant dips nutrient soil
The plant root for dipping mud is put into mixed soil, plant root is rolled and dips mixed soil；
E, plant packing protective layer
By plant root mixed soil outer layer covers filament；
F, plant sowing is in heavy-metal contaminated soil
Plant is directly sowed in heavy-metal contaminated soil.
Composite fertilizer includes urea, phosphorus ammonium and potassium sulfate, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium available nutrient mass content >=20% in the step A.
Excrement of animals and composite fertilizer are crushed to 100 mesh in the step A, add in uncontaminated soil.
Attapulgite is added in the step A in uncontaminated soil, attapulgite additive amount is uncontaminated soil gross mass
30-50%。
The step C and D is repeated 1-3 times, plant outer layer covers multilayer mud and nutrient soil.
Filament is asbestos or glass fiber in the step F.
In the step F filament be asbestos fibre silk, Jacket thickness 0.5-1cm.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
The present invention changes the planting patterns of existing heavy metal phytoremediation completely, pre- advanced to repairing plant without greenhouse
Row cultivate, can direct kind implantation heavy-metal contaminated soil, to soil heavy metal ion concentration no requirement (NR), significantly reduce plantation
Difficulty.Mud and nutrient soil are dipped on the outside of plant, forms plant cultivating freestanding environment, is sprouted convenient for plant.Plant composite soil
Earth outer layer covers filament, filametntary package action prevent uncontaminated soil to scatter and disappear while can ensure that moisture inflow is uncontaminated
Soil horizon, root system passes through filament to carry out phytoremediation to heavy-metal contaminated soil after plant sprouts, and plant can be substantially improved
Survival rate and Metal uptake ability.
Excrement of animals sprouts period absorption nutrient convenient for plant, promotes plant germination percentage, composite fertilizer, which applies, can ensure to plant
Nutrition needed for the growth of strain later stage, excrement of animals and composite fertilizer's joint apply and take into account short-term and long-term fertility.In uncontaminated soil also
Attapulgite is added in, attapulgite additive amount is uncontaminated soil gross mass 30-50%, is effectively isolated and inhales by attapulgite
Heavy metal ion in water is received, protection plant sprouts.
Specific embodiment
One kind includes the following steps for heavy-metal contaminated soil plantlet of transplant method：
A, prefabricated mixed soil
Never pollution plot takes uncontaminated soil spare, and excrement of animals and composite fertilizer are added in uncontaminated soil, is uniformly mixed；
B, mud is prepared
Part mixed soil is taken, adds water stirring that mud is made；
C, plant dips mud
Plant is put into mud, plant root dips mud；
D, plant dips nutrient soil
The plant root for dipping mud is put into mixed soil, plant root is rolled and dips mixed soil；
E, plant packing protective layer
By plant mixed soil outer layer covers filament；
F, plant sowing is in heavy-metal contaminated soil
Plant is directly sowed in heavy-metal contaminated soil.
Composite fertilizer includes urea, phosphorus ammonium and potassium sulfate, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium available nutrient mass content >=20% in the step A.
Excrement of animals and composite fertilizer are crushed to 100 mesh in the step A, add in uncontaminated soil.
Attapulgite is added in the step A in uncontaminated soil, attapulgite additive amount is uncontaminated soil gross mass
30-50%。
The step C and D is repeated 1-3 times, plant outer layer covers multilayer mud and nutrient soil.
Filament is asbestos or glass fiber in the step F.
In the step F filament be asbestos fibre silk, Jacket thickness 0.5-1cm.
Embodiment 1
One kind is used for heavy-metal contaminated soil plantlet of transplant method, it is characterised in that includes the following steps：
A, prefabricated mixed soil
Never pollution plot takes uncontaminated soil spare, adds in excrement of animals in uncontaminated soil and composite fertilizer, composite fertilizer include
Urea, phosphorus ammonium and potassium sulfate, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium available nutrient mass content 20%；Excrement of animals and composite fertilizer are crushed to 100 mesh, then
It adds in uncontaminated soil, is uniformly mixed；
B, mud is prepared
Part mixed soil is taken, adds water stirring that mud is made；
C, plant dips mud
Plant is put into mud, plant crust dips mud；
D, plant dips nutrient soil
The plant for dipping mud is put into mixed soil, plant crust is rolled and dips mixed soil；
E, plant packing protective layer
By plant mixed soil outer layer covers glass fiber；
F, plant sowing is in heavy-metal contaminated soil
Plant is directly sowed in heavy-metal contaminated soil.
Embodiment 2
One kind includes the following steps for heavy-metal contaminated soil plantlet of transplant method：
A, prefabricated mixed soil
Never pollution plot takes uncontaminated soil spare, adds in excrement of animals in uncontaminated soil and composite fertilizer, composite fertilizer include
Urea, phosphorus ammonium and potassium sulfate, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium available nutrient mass content 30%.Excrement of animals and composite fertilizer are crushed to 100 mesh, then
It adds in uncontaminated soil, attapulgite is added in uncontaminated soil, attapulgite additive amount is uncontaminated soil gross mass
30%, it is uniformly mixed；
B, mud is prepared
Part mixed soil is taken, adds water stirring that mud is made；
C, plant dips mud
Plant is put into mud, plant crust dips mud；
D, plant dips nutrient soil
The plant for dipping mud is put into mixed soil, plant crust is rolled and dips mixed soil；The step C and D repeats 1
Time, two layers of mud of plant outer layer covers and nutrient soil.
E, plant packing protective layer
By plant mixed soil outer layer covers filament, filament is asbestos fibre silk, Jacket thickness 0.5cm；
F, plant sowing is in heavy-metal contaminated soil
Plant is directly sowed in heavy-metal contaminated soil.
Embodiment 3
One kind includes the following steps for heavy-metal contaminated soil plantlet of transplant method：
A, prefabricated mixed soil
Never pollution plot takes uncontaminated soil spare, adds in excrement of animals in uncontaminated soil and composite fertilizer, composite fertilizer include
Urea, phosphorus ammonium and potassium sulfate, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium available nutrient mass content 30%.Excrement of animals and composite fertilizer are crushed to 100 mesh, then
It adds in uncontaminated soil, attapulgite is added in uncontaminated soil, attapulgite additive amount is uncontaminated soil gross mass
40%, it is uniformly mixed；
B, mud is prepared
Part mixed soil is taken, adds water stirring that mud is made；
C, plant dips mud
Plant is put into mud, plant crust dips mud；
D, plant dips nutrient soil
The plant for dipping mud is put into mixed soil, plant crust is rolled and dips mixed soil；The step C and D repeats 2
Time, three layers of mud of plant outer layer covers and nutrient soil.
E, plant packing protective layer
By plant mixed soil outer layer covers filament, filament is asbestos fibre silk, Jacket thickness 0.7cm；
F, plant sowing is in heavy-metal contaminated soil
Plant is directly sowed in heavy-metal contaminated soil.
Embodiment 4
One kind includes the following steps for heavy-metal contaminated soil plantlet of transplant method：
A, prefabricated mixed soil
Never pollution plot takes uncontaminated soil spare, adds in excrement of animals in uncontaminated soil and composite fertilizer, composite fertilizer include
Urea, phosphorus ammonium and potassium sulfate, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium available nutrient mass content 30%.Excrement of animals and composite fertilizer are crushed to 100 mesh, then
It adds in uncontaminated soil, attapulgite is added in uncontaminated soil, attapulgite additive amount is uncontaminated soil gross mass
50%, it is uniformly mixed；
B, mud is prepared
Part mixed soil is taken, adds water stirring that mud is made；
C, plant dips mud
Plant is put into mud, plant crust dips mud；
D, plant dips nutrient soil
The plant for dipping mud is put into mixed soil, plant crust is rolled and dips mixed soil；The step C and D repeats 3
Time, four layers of mud of plant outer layer covers and nutrient soil.
E, plant packing protective layer
By plant mixed soil outer layer covers filament, filament is asbestos fibre silk, Jacket thickness 1cm；
F, plant sowing is in heavy-metal contaminated soil
Plant is directly sowed in heavy-metal contaminated soil.
Contrast experiment
Black nightshade is selected to carry out heavy metal pollution plot planting experiment, smelting plant area's abandoned site in Baiyin City carries out contrast experiment,
Abandoned site causes plant area nearby to be left unused in a large amount of plot since heavy metals exceeding standard plant plantation survival rate is low.First by black nightshade plant
Culture is healthy and strong plant under warm canopy, and transplanting is right on heavy metal pollution plot after being handled using embodiment 1-4 plant
Ratio is to plant without handling directly transplanting on heavy metal pollution plot.For the ease of counting and checking experiment effect, often
Group selects 100 plant, is tested using identical planting density, irrigation amount.Plantlet of transplant survives that the results are shown in table below：
| Serial number | Transplant 7 days death toll | Transplant 15 days death toll | Transplant 30 days death toll | Transplant 40 days death toll | Transplant 50 days death toll | Transplant 60 days death toll |
| Embodiment 1 | 3 | 5 | 20 | 21 | 25 | 25 |
| Embodiment 2 | 2 | 4 | 20 | 23 | 28 | 30 |
| Embodiment 3 | 2 | 6 | 10 | 13 | 16 | 18 |
| Embodiment 4 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 5 |
| Comparative example 1 | 5 | 10 | 50 | 70 | 90 | 96 |
It wherein transplants 30 days and the peak mortality phase occurs, it is multigroup right to be added using the scheme of embodiment 4 as basic regulation experiment details
Ratio is tested.Plantlet of transplant survives that the results are shown in table below：
| Serial number | Experimental detail is adjusted | Transplant 30 days death toll |
| Comparative example 2 | One layer of mud of plant outer layer covers and nutrient soil in embodiment 4 | 10 |
| Comparative example 3 | Two layers of mud of plant outer layer covers and nutrient soil in embodiment 4 | 8 |
| Comparative example 4 | Three layers of mud of plant outer layer covers and nutrient soil in embodiment 4 | 6 |
| Comparative example 5 | Four layers of mud of plant outer layer covers and nutrient soil in embodiment 4 remove outer layer covers filament | 30 |
Found out by table 1 and 2, outer layer covers filament plays important protection, ensures plant in heavy-metal contaminated soil
Survival, removal outer layer covers filament cause plant Large Scale Death.In addition increase plant outer layer covers mud and Nutrition Soil
The number of plies of earth also contributes to promote survival rate.
Claims (7)
1. one kind is used for heavy-metal contaminated soil plantlet of transplant method, it is characterised in that includes the following steps：
A, prefabricated mixed soil
Never pollution plot takes uncontaminated soil spare, and excrement of animals and composite fertilizer are added in uncontaminated soil, is uniformly mixed；
B, mud is prepared
Part mixed soil is taken, adds water stirring that mud is made；
C, plant root dips mud
Plant root is put into mud, plant root dips mud；
D, plant dips nutrient soil
The plant root for dipping mud is put into mixed soil, plant root dips mixed soil；
E, plant packing protective layer
By plant root mixed soil outer layer covers filament；
F, plant sowing is in heavy-metal contaminated soil
Plant root is directly sowed in heavy-metal contaminated soil.
It is 2. according to claim 1 a kind of for heavy-metal contaminated soil plantlet of transplant method, it is characterised in that the step
Composite fertilizer includes urea, phosphorus ammonium and potassium sulfate, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium available nutrient mass content >=20% in rapid A.
It is 3. according to claim 2 a kind of for heavy-metal contaminated soil plantlet of transplant method, it is characterised in that the step
Excrement of animals and composite fertilizer are crushed to 100 mesh in rapid A, add in uncontaminated soil.
It is 4. according to claim 1 a kind of for heavy-metal contaminated soil plantlet of transplant method, it is characterised in that the step
Attapulgite is added in rapid A in uncontaminated soil, attapulgite additive amount is uncontaminated soil gross mass 30-50%.
It is 5. according to claim 1 a kind of for heavy-metal contaminated soil plantlet of transplant method, it is characterised in that the step
Rapid C and D is repeated 1-3 times, plant outer layer covers multilayer mud and nutrient soil.
It is 6. according to claim 1 a kind of for heavy-metal contaminated soil plant implantation methods, it is characterised in that the step
Filament is asbestos or glass fiber in rapid F.
It is 7. according to claim 6 a kind of for heavy-metal contaminated soil plantlet of transplant method, it is characterised in that the step
Filament is asbestos fibre silk in rapid F, Jacket thickness 0.5-1cm.
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| CN201711382859.3A CN108124703A (en) | 2017-12-20 | 2017-12-20 | One kind is used for heavy-metal contaminated soil plantlet of transplant method |
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| CN201711382859.3A CN108124703A (en) | 2017-12-20 | 2017-12-20 | One kind is used for heavy-metal contaminated soil plantlet of transplant method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108746169A (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2018-11-06 | 广东环境保护工程职业学院 | A kind of method of repairing heavy metal in soil cadmium pollution |
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| CN104774618A (en) * | 2014-01-14 | 2015-07-15 | 兰州交通大学 | Use of attapulgite in soil heavy metal pollution restoration agent |
| CN105080949A (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2015-11-25 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Method for restoring magnesium polluted soil through paper mulberries |
| CN106334709A (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2017-01-18 | 天津市北方绿业生态科技有限公司 | Method for restoring soil contaminated by heavy metals by using India Canna |
| CN106818390A (en) * | 2017-04-07 | 2017-06-13 | 酉阳县曲珍油茶种植专业合作社 | Oil tea sapling mud wraps up in root implantation methods |
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2017
- 2017-12-20 CN CN201711382859.3A patent/CN108124703A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009297675A (en) * | 2008-06-16 | 2009-12-24 | Shimizu Corp | Cleaning method of contaminated soil |
| CN104774618A (en) * | 2014-01-14 | 2015-07-15 | 兰州交通大学 | Use of attapulgite in soil heavy metal pollution restoration agent |
| CN105080949A (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2015-11-25 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Method for restoring magnesium polluted soil through paper mulberries |
| CN106334709A (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2017-01-18 | 天津市北方绿业生态科技有限公司 | Method for restoring soil contaminated by heavy metals by using India Canna |
| CN106818390A (en) * | 2017-04-07 | 2017-06-13 | 酉阳县曲珍油茶种植专业合作社 | Oil tea sapling mud wraps up in root implantation methods |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108746169A (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2018-11-06 | 广东环境保护工程职业学院 | A kind of method of repairing heavy metal in soil cadmium pollution |
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