CN1081243C - Antiwear Zn-Al alloy and its smelting technology - Google Patents
Antiwear Zn-Al alloy and its smelting technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN1081243C CN1081243C CN98110581A CN98110581A CN1081243C CN 1081243 C CN1081243 C CN 1081243C CN 98110581 A CN98110581 A CN 98110581A CN 98110581 A CN98110581 A CN 98110581A CN 1081243 C CN1081243 C CN 1081243C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an antiwear alloy material, particularly to casting antiwear Zn-Al alloy. The material uses zinc as a basis, and aluminum and copper are used as main alloy elements. Trace multi-component alloy processing, grain refinement and modification processing are carried out by adding the elements of antimony, magnesium, titanium, boron and lanthanum. An ideal bearing alloy structure with minute crystal grains is obtained by fusant heat processing smelting technology, wherein hard points are distributed on a soft basis body. The mechanical property of the alloy is enhanced, and the frictional wear resistant characteristic of the alloy and casting quality are improved. The present invention has the advantages of good plasticity, toughness and wear resistance of the material, good dimensional stability of a casting, and low cost of the material, and is the good material manufacturing sliding friction members, such as bearing shells, shaft sleeves, worm wheels, etc.
Description
The present invention relates to wear resistant alloy material, especially a kind of casting wear-resistant zinc-aluminum alloy materials and melting technology thereof that is used to make the sliding friction part.
The Zn-Al base alloy of current application is best with the over-all properties of ZA 27 alloy.It has very high intensity, excellent friction wearing character, good machinability and casting technique performance, and its material cost is cheap, and alternative part tinbronze material successful in industrial production is made the sliding friction wearing piece.But the main drawback of existing Zn-Al wear resistant alloy is: plasticity, the toughness of material are on the low side, and foundry goods has the shrinkage porosite tendency, and sand mold casting easily produces the bottom shrink defects, and the dimensional stability of foundry goods is relatively poor.Owing to have above problem, limited the promotion and application of this material to a great extent.
The objective of the invention is in order to solve the problems referred to above that Zn-Al alloy exists.By design, optimization alloying constituent and melting technology, develop a kind of good mechanical performance, wear resistance and casting technique performance are good, be easy to wide popularization and application wear-resisting zinc-aluminum alloy materials and melt thermal treatment melting technology thereof.
Material of the present invention is base with zinc, aluminium, copper are main alloy element, carry out multicomponent microalloy processing, grain refining and rotten the processing by adding antimony, titanium, boron, lanthanum element, adopt melt thermal treatment melting novel process, the desirable bearing alloy structure of soft point has obtained to distribute on the tiny soft matrix of crystal grain, obviously improve the mechanical property of alloy, improved friction and wear behavior and casting quality.This alloy can be used as the equivalent material of trade mark tinbronzes such as ZCuSn6Zn6Pb3, ZCuSn10P1 and makes sliding friction wearing pieces such as bearing shell, axle sleeve, worm gear, has very high economic worth.In being applicable to, low sliding velocity, middle and high load, operating ambient temperature is lower than 110 ℃ working condition.
The composition range of alloy of the present invention is (weight %):
Al 22-40, Cu 1.0-2.5, Sb 0.2-2.5, Mg 0.02-0.15, Ti 0.02-0.15, B 0.01-0.08, La 0.03-0.20, all the other are for Zn and be no more than 0.2% Fe and unavoidable impurities.
The optimal components proportioning of alloy of the present invention is (weight %):
Al 35, and Cu 2.2, and Sb 0.8, and Mg 0.04, Ti 0.05 B 0.03, and La 0.08, and all the other are for Zn and be no more than 0.2% Fe and unavoidable impurities.
The melt thermal treatment melting technology that is provided can be common to Zn-Al alloy and alloy of the present invention, and this processing sequence is:
At first electrolytic copper is made aluminium-50% bronze medal master alloy, by selected material prescription batching, zinc material with 40-100% in the batching, the aluminium material of 50-100%, all aluminium-copper master alloy and the shove charge of antimony material fusings, the molten clear back of furnace charge adds the magnesium material, alloy liquid is warming up to 760-880 ℃ and be incubated 5-30 minute, add surplus then, solid zinc material or aluminium material through 50-250 ℃ of preheating, perhaps be incorporated as the congruent pure foundry returns of the heavy 15-40% of alloy material, stir alloy liquid immediately fast and carried out the Quench processing in 1-5 minute, at 680-740 ℃ is down the Ti that contains of the heavy 0.5-2.5% of alloy material with add-on, B, the salt comprehensive treatment agent of La carries out grain refining, go bad and refining treatment, alloy liquid is incubated under 640-720 ℃ of temperature and left standstill the cast of skimming 5-15 minute.
Wear-resisting zinc-the aluminum alloy materials of the present invention is because an amount of above-mentioned alloying element and the employing melt thermal treatment melting technology of adding, with ZA 27 alloy relatively, material of the present invention has excellent mechanical property, especially plasticity and toughness are greatly improved, wear resistance, the antifriction quality of material improve, and the dimensional stability of foundry goods improves, and component segregation alleviates, and then having reduced the bottom shrink defects of foundry goods, the melt thermal treatment process also obviously improves the anti intercrystalline corrosion ability of Zn-Al alloy.
The chemical ingredients (weight %) of table 1 alloy of the present invention and contrast material
| Title material | Al | Cu | Sb | Mg | Ti | B | La | Sn | Pb | Zn | |
| Material of the present invention | Alloy 1 alloy 2 | 35 40 | 2.2 2.2 | 0.8 1.6 | 0.04 0.04 | 0.05 0.02 | 0.03 0.01 | 0.08 0.03 | --- --- | --- --- | The residue residue |
| Contrast material | ZA27 ZCuSn6 Zn6Pb3 | 27 --- | 2.5 residue | --- --- | 0.05 --- | --- --- | --- --- | --- --- | --- 6 | --- 3 | Residue 6 |
Embodiment 1
Composition proportion with the listed alloy 1 of the present invention of table 1 is made sliding surface bearing or worm gear foundry goods, and molten alloy carries out in resistance furnace.With 65% zinc material, all aluminium material, aluminium-50% bronze medal master alloy and antimony material shove charge fusings in the batching, the molten clear back of furnace charge adds the magnesium material, treat alloy liquid be warming up to 820-860 ℃ and be incubated 10 minutes after, adding is through the surplus solid zinc material of 150-200 ℃ of preheating, stirred alloy liquid fast 2 minutes immediately, carry out grain refining, rotten and refining treatment at 710-730 ℃ of salt comprehensive treatment agent that adds down 2% titaniferous, boron and lanthanum, the cast of after 680-720 ℃ of insulation left standstill 5-10 minute, skimming of alloy liquid.
Shown in table 2 and table 3 test-results, alloy 1 of the present invention is than ZA27 and ZCuSn6Zn6Pb3 tensile strength of alloys (σ
b) improve 10% and 98% respectively, elongation (δ
5) improve 122% than ZA27, impelling strength (a
k) improving 83%, frictional coefficient has reduced 22% and 19% respectively than ZA27 and ZCuSn6Zn6Pb3, and wear rate has reduced 27% and 68% respectively.
Embodiment 2
Composition proportion with the listed alloy 2 of the present invention of table 1 is made sliding shaft sleeve or worm gear foundry goods, and melting is carried out in resistance furnace.With 80% zinc material in the batching, all aluminium material, aluminium-50% bronze medal master alloy and antimony material dress
The mechanical property of table 2 alloy of the present invention and contrast material
| Title material | σ b，MPa | δ 5，％ | a k，J/cm 2 | HB |
| Alloy 1 alloy 2 of the present invention of the present invention | 420-470 410-458 | 5-15 4-10 | 40-70 30-55 | 115135 120-140 |
| ZA 27 ZCuSn6Zn6Pb3 | 380-430 200-250 | 3-6 10-15 | 25-35 32-48 | 110-125 65-95 |
The friction and wear characteristic of table 3 alloy of the present invention and contrast material
| Title material | The lubrication friction coefficient | Polishing scratch width mm | Wear rate, mm 3/N.cm ×10 -10 | Friction Temperature Rise ℃ |
| Alloy 1 alloy 2 of the present invention of the present invention | 0.022-0.038 0.024-0.042 | 1.38 1.32 | 3.38 3.16 | 27 28 |
| Z A27 ZCuSn6Zn6Pb3 | 0.026-0.045 0.022-0.045 | 1.56 1.79 | 4.28 5.67 | 28 29 |
The stove fusing, the molten clear back of furnace charge adds the magnesium material, treat alloy liquid be warming up to 820-860 ℃ and the insulation after, adding through 100-150 ℃ of preheating surplus solid zinc material and weigh 20% congruent foundry returns, stirred alloy liquid fast 2 minutes immediately for alloy material, carry out grain refining, rotten and refining treatment at 710-730 ℃ of salt comprehensive treatment agent that adds 1% titaniferous, boron and lanthanum down, add 0.2% C again
2Cl
6Replenish refining treatment, the cast of after 660-720 ℃ of insulation left standstill 5-10 minute, skimming of alloy liquid.
Shown in table 1 and table 2 test-results, alloy 2 of the present invention improves 7% than the tensile strength of ZA 27 alloy, and elongation improves 56%, and impelling strength improves 42%, frictional coefficient has reduced 7% and 6% respectively than ZA27 and ZCuSn6Zn6Pb3 alloy, and wear rate has reduced 35% and 79% respectively.
Claims (3)
1. casting wear-resistant zinc-aluminium alloy, the chemical ingredients that it is characterized in that it consists of (weight %): Al 22-40, Cu 1.0-2.5, Sb 0.2-2.5, Mg 0.02-0.15, Ti 0.02-0.15, B 0.01-0.08, La 0.03-0.20, all the other are for Zn and be no more than 0.2% Fe and unavoidable impurities.
2. casting wear-resistant zinc-aluminium alloy according to claim 1 is characterized in that optimal components consists of (weight %): Al 35, and Cu 2.2, Sb 0.8, and Mg 0.04, and Ti 0.05, B 0.03, and La 0.08, and all the other are for Zn and be no more than 0.2% Fe and unavoidable impurities.
3. the melting technology of zinc-aluminium alloy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that processing sequence is: with the zinc material of 40-100% in the alloying ingredient, the aluminium material of 50-100%, all aluminium-copper master alloy and the shove charge of antimony material fusings, the molten clear back of furnace charge adds the magnesium material, alloy liquid is warming up to 760-880 ℃ and be incubated 5-30 minute, add surplus then, solid charge through 50-250 ℃ of preheating temperature, perhaps be incorporated as the congruent pure foundry returns of the heavy 15-40% of alloy material, stir alloy liquid immediately fast and carried out the Quench processing in 1-5 minute, at 680-740 ℃ is that the salt comprehensive treatment agent of alloy material weight 0.5-2.5% carries out grain refining with add-on down, the cast of after insulation under the 640-720 ℃ of temperature is left standstill 5-15 minute, skimming of rotten and refining treatment, alloy liquid.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN98110581A CN1081243C (en) | 1998-11-25 | 1998-11-25 | Antiwear Zn-Al alloy and its smelting technology |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN98110581A CN1081243C (en) | 1998-11-25 | 1998-11-25 | Antiwear Zn-Al alloy and its smelting technology |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1254766A CN1254766A (en) | 2000-05-31 |
| CN1081243C true CN1081243C (en) | 2002-03-20 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN98110581A Expired - Fee Related CN1081243C (en) | 1998-11-25 | 1998-11-25 | Antiwear Zn-Al alloy and its smelting technology |
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| CN101928860A (en) * | 2010-09-29 | 2010-12-29 | 株洲冶炼集团股份有限公司 | Zinc alloy for manufacturing die |
| CN102277516B (en) * | 2011-08-16 | 2012-12-19 | 济南大学 | Preparation method of Zn-Al-Ti intermediate alloy |
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| CN102719705B (en) * | 2012-06-25 | 2013-10-02 | 镇江忆诺唯记忆合金有限公司 | Multi-component zinc-aluminium alloy capable of enhancing thermal fatigue property |
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| CN102719704B (en) * | 2012-06-25 | 2013-09-25 | 镇江忆诺唯记忆合金有限公司 | Process method capable of improving comprehensive mechanical property of multielement zinc-aluminum alloy |
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| CN105695843A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-06-22 | 苏州市相城区明达复合材料厂 | High-performance zinc alloy for casting |
| CN106191714A (en) * | 2016-08-01 | 2016-12-07 | 宁波达尔机械科技有限公司 | A kind of bearing roller alloy material and preparation method thereof |
| CN108950272B (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2020-02-18 | 济南大学 | Antimony-containing alterant for zinc-copper alloy and modification treatment method |
| CN108977695B (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2020-12-01 | 济南大学 | Titanium and antimony-containing hot-dip galvanized aluminum magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN110358950B (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2021-06-04 | 上海大学 | Modification method for hypoeutectic cast aluminum-silicon alloy |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1041976A (en) * | 1988-10-15 | 1990-05-09 | 山东省特种金属材料科技开发公司 | A kind of alloy material of sliding surface bearing and bearing arrangement |
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- 1998-11-25 CN CN98110581A patent/CN1081243C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1041976A (en) * | 1988-10-15 | 1990-05-09 | 山东省特种金属材料科技开发公司 | A kind of alloy material of sliding surface bearing and bearing arrangement |
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| CN1254766A (en) | 2000-05-31 |
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